Rikunarita-ORG/Wikinium huggingface dataset:
# 16

ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵎⵉⵍⵏ ⴳⵓⵎⵏⵉⵏ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⵎⵉⵍⵏ ⴷ ⵢⵓⵙⴰⵏ.

 ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⴳⵓⵎⵏⵉⵏ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ.

 ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵙⵓⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵓⴷ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⴽⵉⵎ 250 ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ. ⵜⵥⴹⴰⵕⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵡⵙⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ.

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| --- | --- | --- | --- |
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|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| ← 15 | 16 | 17 → |

 |
| ← 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 → ⵜⴰⵍⴳⴰⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴹⴰⵏⵏ — ⴰⵎⴹⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ← 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 → |
| ⴰⵙⵎⴽⵜⴰⵢ | ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ |
| ⴰⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰⵢ | ⵡⵉⵙⵙ 16 (ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ) |
| ⴰⵙⴼⵙⵉ | 24 |
| ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏⵏ ⵉⵕⵓⵎⴰⵏⵏ | XVI |
| ⴰⵖⴰⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵉⴹⵏ
 |
| ⴰⵡⵙⵉⵏ | 100002 |
| ⴰⵡⴽⵕⴰⴹ | 1213 |
| ⴰⵡⴽⴽⵓⵥ | 1004 |
| ⴰⵡⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ | 315 |
| ⴰⵡⵚⴹⵉⵚ | 246 |
| ⴰⵡⵜⴰⵎ | 208 |
| ⴰⵡⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ | 1412 |
| ⴰⵡⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ | 1016 |
| ⴰⵡⵙⵉⵎⵔⴰⵡ | G20 |
| ⴰⵡⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⴰⵎⴽⴽⵓⵥ | G36 |
| ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ
 |
| ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ - ⵙⵏⴼⵍ   |

ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ **16** ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⴰⴳⴰⵎⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⴷⵉⵙ ⵉⴹⴼⴰⵕ ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ **15** ⵉⵣⵡⵓⵔ ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ **17**.

## ⴳ ⵜⵓⵙⵏⴰⴽⵜ

* ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵓⴷⴷⵉⵙ
* ⴰⵎ ⵓⵥⵓⵕ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵥⵓⵕ ⵏ ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ 4
* ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⴰⵎⴽⴽⵓⵥ ⵉⵙⵎⴷⵏ: ⴰⵛⴽⵓ ⵉⵙⴽⴷ ⴰⵎⴽⴽⵓⵥ 4×4

## ⴳ ⵉⵊⵎⵉⵍⵏ

* ⵉⴳⴰ ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵙⵎⴰⵎⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵉⴼⴰⵍⴰⵏ ⴰⵔⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⴳ ⵎⵉⵚⵕⴰ.

## ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ
# ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵟⴰⵍⵢⴰⵏⵉⵜ

ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⴳⵓⵎⵏⵉⵏ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ.

 ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵙⵓⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵓⴷ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⴽⵉⵎ 250 ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ. ⵜⵥⴹⴰⵕⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵡⵙⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ.

|  |
| --- |
| **ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵟⴰⵍⵢⴰⵏⵉⵜ** |
| **lingua italiana** |
| ⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵟⴰⵍⵢⴰⵏⵉⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ. |
|  ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⵓⵏⵚⵉⴱⵜ.
 |
|  ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⵓⵏⵚⵉⴱⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⴰⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵣⵡⴰⵔⵜ.
 |
|  ⴰⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵙⵙⵉⵡⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ.
 |
| **ⵉⵙⴼⴽⴰ** |
| **ⵉⵎⵙⵉⵡⵍⵏ** | 75 ⵎⵍⵢⵓⵏ
 |
| **ⵜⵉⵎⵓⵔⴰ** | * ⵟⴰⵍⵢⴰⵏ
* ⵙⵡⵉⵙⵔⴰ
* ⵙⴰⵏ ⵎⴰⵔⵉⵏⵓ
* ⴷ 29 ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⴰ ⵢⴰⴹⵏ.
 |
| **ⵜⵉⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ** | ⵉⴼⴼⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵕⵓⴱⴱⴰ
 |
| **ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵯⴼⵍⵜ** | 19 - 20
 |
| **ⵜⴰⵡⵊⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ** | * ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵀⵉⵏⴷⵓⵕⵓⴱⴱⴰⵜⵉⵏ
* ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵟⴰⵍⵉⵇⵉⵏ
* ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵓⵎⴰⵏⵙⵉⵏ
 |
| **ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ** | italiana, ⵜⴰⵟⴰⵍⵢⴰⵏⵉⵜ (zgh)
 |
| **ⴰⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ** | ⴰⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⴰⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ
 |
|  **ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⵓⵏⵚⵉⴱⵜ ⴳ** |
|  **ⵜⵉⵎⵓⵔⴰ**(4) | * ⵟⴰⵍⵢⴰⵏ
* ⵙⴰⵏ ⵎⴰⵔⵉⵏⵓ
* ⵙⵡⵉⵙⵔⴰ
* ⴼⴰⵜⵉⴽⴰⵏ
 |
| **ⵜⵉⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ**(2) | * (ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵜⵔⵢⴰ)
* (ⵜⴰⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵜⵔⵢⴰ)
 |
| **ⵜⵉⵎⴰⴷⴷⴰⵙⵉⵏ** | * ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵔⵓⴼⵜ
* ⵜⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵛⵓ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵢⵔⵣⴰ
* ⴷ ⵜⵉⵢⵢⴰⴹ.
 |
| **ⵉⵙⴼⴽⴰ ⵢⴰⴹⵏ**  |
| **ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵔⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵖⵓⴷⵓ** | Accademia della Crusca
 |
| **ⵜⵉⵏⴳⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ** | * **ISO 639-1**- (it)
* **ISO 639-2**- (ita)
* **ISO 639-3**- (ita)
* **Glottolog**- (ital1282)
* **Linguasphere**- (51-AAA-q)
 |

**ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵟⴰⵍⵢⴰⵏⵉⵜ** (ⵙⵜⵟⴰⵍⵢⴰⵏⵉⵜ: *lingua italiana*), (ⵙⵜⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣⵜ: *Italian language*) ⵜⴳⴰ ⴳ ⵜⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵕⵓⵎⵉⵢⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵊⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵀⵉⵏⴷ ⵓⵕⵓⴱⴱⴰ. ⵏⵥⴹⴰⵔ ⴰⴷ ⵏⵉⵏⵉ ⵎⴰ ⵙ ⴷ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 61,7 ⵉⵍⵢⵓⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵡⴷⴰⵏ ⵉⵇⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⵏⵉⵖ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵍⵎⴰⴷⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⴰⴷ, ⴷ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ "1 ⵓⵎⵍⵢⵓⵏ" ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⴳ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ. ⵜⴰⵟⴰⵍⵢⴰⵏⵉⵜ ⴷⴰ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⴳ ⵟⴰⵍⵢⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵙⴰⵏ ⵎⴰⵔⵉⵏⵓ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴳ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⴰⵡⴷ ⴳ ⵙⵡⵉⵙⵔⴰ ⵍⵓⵎⴰⵕ ⴳ ⵓⵏⵥⵓⵍ(ⵜⵉⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⴷ ⴳⵔⵉⵣⵓⵏ) ⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⴳⴰ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⵜ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵜⵓⵏⵚⵉⴱⵜ ( ⴷⴰ ⵜⵙⵎⴷⵢⴰ ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 6,8% ⵏ ⵉⵎⵙⵉⵡⵍⵏ ⴳ ⵙⵡⵉⵙⵔⴰ), ⴷ ⴳ ⵓⴼⴰⵜⵉⴽⴰⵏ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⵓⵏⵚⵉⴱⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏⵉⵜ.

* ⵜⵉⵔⴰ ⵙ ⵓⴼⵓⵙ ⵙ ⵜⴽⵓⵔⵙⵉⵜ ⴷⴻⴳ ⵓⵖⴻⵔⴱⴰⵣ ⴰⵟⴰⵍⵢⴰⵏⵉ
*

## ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ
# ⵉⵎⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⴷⵉⵔ

ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⴳⵓⵎⵏⵉⵏ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ.

 ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵙⵓⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵓⴷ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⴽⵉⵎ 250 ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ. ⵜⵥⴹⴰⵕⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵡⵙⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ.

| ⵉⵎⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⴷⵉⵔ |
| --- |
|  ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ |
|  |
| ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ |
|  |
| **ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ** | ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ |
| **ⵜⴰⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ** | ⵜⴰⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵏ ⵙⵓⵙ-ⵎⴰⵙⵙⵜ |
| **ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ** | ⵜⴰⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵏ ⵟⴰⵟⴰ |
| **ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵜ** | Fam El Hisn |
|  |
| ⵜⴰⵔⴰⵖⵔⴼⵜ |
| ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖ |
7 040 ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖ (1994) |
| ⵜⴰⵡⵊⵉⵡⵉⵏ |
1 300 |
| ⵜⴰⴽⴰⵕⴹⴰ |
|  |

**ⵉⵎⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⴷⵉⵔ** ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵉ ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵟⴰⵟⴰ ⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵏ ⵙⵓⵙ ⵎⴰⵙⵙⵜ. ⴳⵉⵙ 6.353 ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖ ⵣⴳ ⴰⵙⵏⵎⴽⵜⴰ ⵏ 2014.

## ⴰⵙⵏⵎⴽⵜⴰ

ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵓⵙⵉⴹⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2014 ⵎⴰⵙ:

### ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴷ

* ⵜⵉⴳⵎⵉⴹⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵇⵓⴱⴱⴰⵏⵉⵜ (ⵎⵉⴷⴷⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵙⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵜⴰⵔⴰⵏ) : 24,8%
* ⵜⵉⴳⵎⵉⴹⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵖⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⴷⵉ ⵏⵖⴷ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ : 20,4%

### ⵜⴰⴷⴰⵎⵙⴰ

* ⵜⵉⴳⵎⵉⴹⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙⵏ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉ : 34%
* ⵜⵉⴳⵎⵉⴹⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵔⵡⵓⵔⵉ (ⵎⵉⴷⴷⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵟⵟⴰⴼⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵓⵔⵉ) : 28%
* ⵜⵉⴳⵎⵉⴹⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵍⵎⵅⵣⵏ (ⵏⵖ ⴽⴰⵏⵜⵉⵏ ⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⴳⵉⵙ) : 37,8%
* ⵜⵉⴳⵎⵉⴹⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⵍⵉⴳ (ⵏⵖ ⴽⴰⵏⵜⵉⵏ ⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⴳⵉⵙ) : 26,5%

## ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ
# ⵜⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵇⴰⴹⵉ ⵄⵉⵢⴰⴹ

ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵎⵉⵍⵏ ⴳⵓⵎⵏⵉⵏ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⵎⵉⵍⵏ ⴷ ⵢⵓⵙⴰⵏ.

 ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⴳⵓⵎⵏⵉⵏ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ.

 ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵙⵓⵍ ⴰⴳⵓⵊⵉⵍ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙⵖⵓⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⴽⵕⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ.
**ⵜⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵇⴰⴹⵉ ⵄⵉⵢⵢⴰⴹ**  ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⴰⴱⵉⵜ ⵜⵓⵚⴽⴰ ⴳ'ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1978,ⵜⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵔⵙⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵍⵎⵓⴷ ⴰⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵖⵔⵉⵏ : ⵎⵕⵕⴰⴽ, ⴰⵙⴼⵉ,ⵍⵇⴰⵍⵄⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵙⵔⴰⵖⵏⴰ ⴷ ⵎⵓⴳⴰⴷⵓⵔ .ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⵏⴳⵔ ⵜⵉⵙⴷⴰⵡⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⴷⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵖⴰ ⵎⴽⵏⴰ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰⵡⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵔⵓⴼⵓⵔⵓⵎ [[1]].

## ⵅⴼⵙ

ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓⵜ ⵎⴰⵛ ⴷⵖⵢⴰ ⵜⵙⴽⵔ ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵍⵎⵓⴷ ⴰⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰ, ⴷ ⴽⵓ ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵔⵏⵓ ⵜⵓⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵃⴹⴰⵕⵏ .
ⵜⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵇⴰⴹⵉ ⵄⵉⵢⴰⴹ 13 ⵏ ⵜⵎⵔⵙⴰⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⴽⴰⴷⵉⵎⵉⵜ ⴳ ⵜⴰⵏⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵕⵕⴰⴽⵛ ⴰⵙⴼⵉ ⵃⵎⴰ : ⵜⴰⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ,ⴰⵏⵙⴰ ⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⴰⵍ ⵜⴰⵜⵉⴽⵏⵓⵍⵓⵊⵉⵜ.
ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵔⵣⵓ ⴰⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⴰⴱⵓⵔⵣ ⵉ ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⴰⴷ, ⵟⴰⴼ ⵓⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ 1400 ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷ ⴷ 148 ⴰⵏⵙⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵔⵣⵓ .

## ⵜⵉⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳⵏ

**ⴳ ⵎⵕⵕⴰⴽⵛ** ⵜⵍⵍⴰ :

* ⵜⴰⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵏⵉⵊⵊⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵙⵏⵙⴼⴰⵔⵜ .
* ⵜⴰⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵍⵇⴰⴹⵉ ⵄⵉⵢⵢⴰⴹ "ⵙⵎⵍⴰⵍⵉⵢⴰ"

ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⵟⵟⴰⴼⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵜⵉⴳ ⴰⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔ ⴳ ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵇⴰⴹⵉ ⵄⵢⵢⴰⴹ ⵜⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⵜⴰⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ 1978, ⵜⵓⵥⵍⴰⵢ ⵙ ⵓⵔⵣⵣⵓ ⴷ ⵜⵖⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵢⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵏⴰⴽⵜ, ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴳⴰⵎⴰ . ⴰⵔ ⴰⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵎⵕⵕⴰⴽⵛ ⴰⵙⴼⵉ ⴷ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ, ⴰⵔ ⴷⵖⵉ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵙⵎⵍⴰⵍⵉⵢⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵔⵙⴰⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⴳⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙⴼⴼⵓⵖⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏⵏ ⴳ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⴰⵎ:

* ⵜⴰⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴽⵍⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴼⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ
* ⵜⴰⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵎⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏⵏⵉⵏ.
* ⵜⴰⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵜⵉⵇⵏⵉⵢⵏⵉⵏ .
* ⵜⴰⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ.
* ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵖⵏⵣⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵡⵓⴷⴷⵓ .
* ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⵏⵉⵙⵏⵉⵏ .
* ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷⵏ .

**ⴳ ⵓⵙⴼⵉ**  ⵜⵍⵍⴰ :

* ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⵥⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴼⵉ .
* ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵜⵉⴽⵏⵓⵍⵓⵊⵉⵜ.
* ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⵏⵉⵙⵏⵉⵏ .

**ⴳ ⵎⵓⴳⴰⴷⵓⵔ**  ⵜⵍⵍⴰ:

* ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵜⵉⴽⵏⵓⵍⵓⵊⵉⵜ.

**ⴳ ⵍⵇⴰⵍⵄⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵙⵔⴰⵖⵏⴰ**  ⵜⵍⵍⴰ:

* ⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⴰⵎⵙⴷⴰⵡ ⴰⴳⵔⵥⵍⴰⵢ

## ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ
# ⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍ

ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⴳⵓⵎⵏⵉⵏ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ.

 ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵙⵓⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵓⴷ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⴽⵉⵎ 250 ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ. ⵜⵥⴹⴰⵕⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵡⵙⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ.
ⵜⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⵜ ⵏ ⴼⵔⴰⴳⵓⵏⴰⵔⴷ, ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 1770, ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵃⴹⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴼⵙⵔ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵥⵓⵕⵉ, ⵡⴰⵛⵉⵏⵟⵓⵏ.
**ⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍ** ⴷ ⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⴰⵙⴽⵍⴰⵏ, ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⴰ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⴰⵙⵓⴳⵏⴰⵏ. ⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⴰⴽⵙⵡⴰⵜ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴼⴽⴰ ⵉ ⵓⵙⵙⴷⵡⵏ ⵉⵏⴼⴰⵍⴰⵍⵏ ⴳ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⴰⵍⵉⵜⵉⵏ ⴰⵎⵎ « ⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵡⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍⵏ!» ⵏⵖ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⵉⵙ «ⴰⵎⵙⵏⴳⴰⵍ» ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵎⵓⴽⵏ ⵉⵡⵔⵉⴽⵏ ⵉⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵅⴼ ⵜⵎⵢⵓⵔⵜ, ⵉⵙⵓⵔⵙⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵜⵉⵎⵓⵜⵜⴰⵍ.

## ⴰⴹⵕⵉⵚ ⴰⵎⵏⴳⴰⵍ

## ⵉⵏⵜⵜⵉⵜⵏ

## ⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⴰⵙⴽⵍⴰⵏ

## ⵜⴰⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍ ⴰⵜⵔⴰⵔ

## ⴳ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ 18

## ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ 19 ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ

## ⵉⵖⵣⵡⴰⵔⵏ

## ⵜⴰⵍⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵙⵓⴱⵚⵓⵏ

## ⵉⵣⵎⴰⵣ ⵉⵜⵔⴰⵔⵏ

## ⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ

## ⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ

## ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⵓⵎⵓⵖⵜ

## ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ

## ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ
# ⴰⵟⵍⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ

ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⴳⵓⵎⵏⵉⵏ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ.

 ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵙⵓⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵓⴷ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⴽⵉⵎ 250 ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ. ⵜⵥⴹⴰⵕⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵡⵙⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ.

| ⴰⵟⵍⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ |
| --- |
|   |
| ⵓⵎⵍⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵏ |
| ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ |  ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ  |
| ⴰⴳⵣⵣⵓⵎ ⵙⴳ | ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ  |
| ⵜⴰⵔⴰⴽⴰⵍⵜ |
| ⴰⴼⴰ | Jbel Bou Naceur  |
| ⵜⴰⵜⵜⵓⵢⵜ | 3 356 ⵎⵉⵜⵔ  |
| ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ | 350 ⴽⵎ  |
| ⵜⴰⵊⵓⵎⵎⴰ | 23 000 ⴽⵎ²  |
| ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰⴽⴰⵍ |
| ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵍⵉ | Atlas Mountains  |
| ⴰⵏⴰⵡ | mountain range, region  |
| ⴰⵡⵜⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵓⵥⵕⵓ | Triassic  |
| ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⴰⵔⴰⴽⴰⵍ |
|  |
|  |
| ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ - ⵙⵏⴼⵍ - ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ |

ⴰⴷⵔⴰⵔ ⴱⵓ ⵜⵉⵙⴽⵜ (ⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵡⴰⵍⵎⴰⵙ)
**ⴰⵟⵍⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ** ⵏⵖ **ⴰⵟⵍⴰⵚ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ** ⴳⴰⵏ ⵉⴷⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵓⵥⵥⵓⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ.

## ⵜⵉⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ

*
*

## ⵜⵉⵎⴷⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ

* ⵅⵏⵉⴼⵔⴰ
* ⵡⴰⵍⵎⴰⵙ
* ⵎⵉⴷⵍⵜ
* ⵉⴼⵔⴰⵏ
* ⴰⵥⵕⵓ
* ⵚⴼⵕⵓ

## ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ

* **ⴰⵙⴳⵣⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⵏ ⴰⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ(ⵙ.ⴳ.ⵙ.ⵎ) :** ⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢ ⴰⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ (ⵎ.ⵎ.ⵙ.ⵎ)

## ⵉⵎⵏⵉⵔⵏ
# ⵜⴰⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵏ ⴼⴰⵙ ⴰⵎⴽⵏⴰⵙ

ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⴳⵓⵎⵏⵉⵏ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ.

 ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵙⵓⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵓⴷ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⴽⵉⵎ 250 ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ. ⵜⵥⴹⴰⵕⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵡⵙⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ.
ⵜⴰⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵏ **ⴼⴰⵙ ⵎⴽⵏⴰⵙ** (ⵙ ⵜⵄⵔⴰⴱⵜ: جهة فاس مكناس) ⴷ ⵢⵓⵜ ⵙⴳ 12 ⵏ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⵔⵓⴽ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵖⵙⵔⵏ ⴳ ⵓⴱⵟⵟⵓ ⴰⵡⴽⴰⵍ ⵏ 2015.

## ⴰⴳⵣⴰⵎ ⴰⵔⴰⴽⴰⵍ

ⵜⴰⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵏ ⴼⴰⵙ ⵎⴽⵏⴰⵙ ⵜⵓⵎⴰ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴳⴳⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵏⴱⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⴷⴷⵖ:

* ⵜⴰⵎⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵏ ⴼⴰⵙ
* ⵜⴰⵎⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵏ ⵎⴽⵏⴰⵙ
* ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵏⴰⵜ
* ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⴱⵓⵍⵎⴰⵏ
* ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵍⵃⴰⵊⴱ
* ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴼⵔⴰⵏ
* ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵚⴼⵕⵓ
* ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵣⴰ : ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵥⵓⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵜⴰⵣⴰ.
* ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵢⵄⵇⵓⴱ
* ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⴰⵥⵕⵓ

# ⵉⵙⵓⴳⴰⵎ ⴷ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ

|  ⵜⵉⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ
 |
| --- |
| ⵟⴰⵏⵊⴰ ⵜⵉⵟⵟⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵍⵃⵓⵙⵉⵎⴰ ‧ ⴰⴳⵎⵓⴹ ‧ ⴼⴰⵙ ⵎⴽⵏⴰⵙ ‧ ⵕⵕⴱⴰⵟ ⵙⵍⴰ ⵇⵏⵉⵟⵔⴰ ‧ ⴱⵏⵉ ⵎⵍⵍⴰⵍ ⵅⵏⵉⴼⵔⴰ ‧ ⵜⴰⴷⴷⴰⵔⵜ ⵜⵓⵎⵍⵉⵍⵜ ⵥⵟⵟⴰⵜ ‧ ⵎⵕⵕⴰⴽⵛ ⴰⵙⴼⵉ ‧ ⴷⵔⴰ ⵜⴰⴼⵉⵍⴰⵍⵜ ‧ ⵙⵓⵙ ⵎⴰⵙⵙⵜ ‧ ⴳⵍⵎⵉⵎ ⵡⴰⴷ ⵏⵓⵏ ‧ ⵍⵄⵢⵓⵏ ⵜⴰⵔⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖⵜ ‧ ⴷⴷⴰⵅⵍⴰ ⵡⴰⴷ ⴷⴷⴰⵀⴰⴱ
 |  |

## ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ
# ⵓⴷⴰⵢⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ

ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵎⵉⵍⵏ ⴳⵓⵎⵏⵉⵏ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⵎⵉⵍⵏ ⴷ ⵢⵓⵙⴰⵏ.

 ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⴳⵓⵎⵏⵉⵏ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ.

 ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵙⵓⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵓⴷ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⴽⵉⵎ 250 ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ. ⵜⵥⴹⴰⵕⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵡⵙⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ.
**ⵓⴷⴰⵢⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ** ⴷⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵡⴰⴳ ⵖⵔ ⵉⵙⵔⴰⵢⵉⵍ, ⴷ ⵓⵔⵓⴱⴰ ⴷ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ ⵏ ⵎⴰⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏ, ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵜ ⵉⵏ ⵡⴰⵟⵟⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⵢⵏ ⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⵕⵕⵓⴽ. ⴳ ⵜⵖⵔⵎⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⴰⵣⴰⵢⴽⵓ , ⵜⵜⵓⵢⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵍⵎⵍⵍⴰⵃ. ⵜⵉⵔⴱⴰⵄ ⴰⴳⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⵢⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏⵜ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ, ⴷ ⵜⴰⵏⵜⴰⵍⴰ ⵏ ⴷⴰⵔⵉⵊⴰ , ⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵉⵜⴰⵔ ⴳ ⵉⵏⵙⴰⵢⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵏⵎⵉⵍⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵜⵜⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵇⴱⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏⵜ ⵖⴼ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵉⵣⴷⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵜⵔⵓⴱⴱⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⵢⵏ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵓⵏⵜ ⵡⴰⵟⵟⴰⵙ ⵜⵉⵣⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵉⵣⴷⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵓⴷⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵕⵕⵓⴽ. ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⴷ ⵉⵣⴷⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵇⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵥⵓⵕ ⵏⵏⵙⵏⵜ (ⵎⴰⵏⵉ ⴷ ⴽⴽⴰⵏⵜ, ⵉⵣ ⴷ ⴼⴰⵍⴰⵙⵜⵉⵏ, ⵓⵔⵓⴱⴱⴰ, ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵓⵔ ⴳⵉⵏⵜ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ ⵉⴽⵛⵎⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵙⴳⴷ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⵢⵏ), ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵎⴰⵏ search Jang wonyoung. (work and artist porpoise account) ⵏ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵜⵜⵉⵜ, ⵜⵓⵙⵖⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵙⵏⴰⵔⴰⵏⵜ ⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ, ⴷ ⵎⴰⵜⵜⴰ ⵜⵏⵜ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵔⵓⴱⴱⴰ ⵢⴰⴹⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⵢⵏ ⵉⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵜⴰⵍⴰ ⵏ ⴷⴰⵔⵉⵊⴰ.

## ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ

* **ⴰⵙⴳⵣⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⵏ ⴰⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ(ⵙ.ⴳ.ⵙ.ⵎ) :** ⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢ ⴰⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ (ⵎ.ⵎ.ⵙ.ⵎ)
# ⴱⵀⴰⵍⵉⵍ

ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵙⵓⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵓⴷ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⴽⵉⵎ 250 ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ. ⵜⵥⴹⴰⵕⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵡⵙⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ.

| ⴱⵀⴰⵍⵉⵍ
 |
| --- |
|  |
| **ⵜⴰⵟⵟⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵙⵓⴳⵓⵔⵜ** |
| ⴰⵡⴰⵏⴽ
 | ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ
 |
| ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ
 | ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵚⴼⵕⵓ
 |
| **ⵜⵉⵥⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵊⵖⵔⴰⴼⵉⵢⵏ** |
| ⵜⴰⵜⵜⵓⵢⵜ
 | 982 ⵏ ⵓⵎⵉⵜⵔ
 |
| **ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ** |
| ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ
 | 12997
 |
| ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵊⵉⵡⵉⵏ
 | 3468
 |
| ⵉⵙⵎⵍⴰⵏ
 | ﻿ |
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ⵜⴳⴰ **ⴱⵀⴰⵍⵉⵍ** ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⴰⴱⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵥⵥⵢⴰⵏⵜ ⵉⴹⴼⴰⵕⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵚⴼⵕⵓ, ⴳ ⵢⵉⴼⴼⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴼⴰⵙ (26 ⵏ ⵓⴽⵉⵎⵓⵎⵉⵜⵔ), ⵜⵡⵔⵔⵄ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⴰⴷ ⴳ 1.050 ⵏ ⵓⵀⵉⴽⵜⴰⵔ ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵙⵎⵓⵏⴰ 11.638 ⵏ ⵓⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖ ⵙ ⵓⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵉⴹⵏ ⵏ 2004, ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵙ ⵉⴼⵔⴰⵏ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵉⵣⵓⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵟⵍⴰⵚ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ, ⵢⵉⵍⵉ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴰⴼⴼⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵡⴰⵙⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴳⴳⴰⵢ ⵉⵜⵜⴽⴽⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵚⴼⵕⵓ.

## ⵜⵉⵙⴳⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ

* ⵎⵙⵉⵍⴰ : ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⵓⵟⵟⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⴷⴷⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ.
* ⵔⵔⴽⵉⴱⴰ : ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⵓⵟⵟⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ.

## ⵜⵉⵥⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ

* ⵉⴼⵔⴰⵏ
* ⵉⵖⴱⵓⵍⴰ: ⴰⵎ ⵓⵖⴱⴰⵍⵓ ⵏ ⴱⵔⵔⴰⵔ ⴷ ⵓⵖⴱⴰⵍⵓ ⵏ ⴽⴱⵉⵔ ⴷ ⵓⵖⴱⴰⵍⵓ ⵏ ⵇⴰⵢⴷ
* ⴰⵙⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴳⴳⴰⵢ

## ⵉⵙⵓⴳⴰⵎ
# ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⴰⴱⴰⵄⵎⵕⴰⵏ

ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵙⵓⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵓⴷ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⴽⵉⵎ 250 ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ. ⵜⵥⴹⴰⵕⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵡⵙⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ.

| ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⴰⴱⴰⵄⵎⵕⴰⵏ |
| --- |
|   |
| ⵓⵎⵍⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⵎⴰⵡⴰⵏⵏ |
| ⵉⵙⵎ ⴰⵙⴰⵍⴰⵏ | ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⴰⴱⴰⵄⵎⵕⴰⵏ  |
| ⵎⴼⴼⵔ ⵉⵙⵎ | ⴱⵓⵜⴼⵓⵏⴰⵙⵜ  |
| ⵉⵙⵎ ⵓⴷⵎⴰⵡⴰⵏ | ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ  |
| ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ | ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⴰⴱⴰⵄⵎⵕⴰⵏ  |
| ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ | ⴰⵢⵜ ⵔⵅⴰ  |
| ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ | 1932  |
| ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ | ⵜⵉⴳⵎⵎⵉ ⵜⵓⵎⵍⵉⵍⵜ  |
| ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ | 20 ⴱⵕⴰⵢⵕ 2020  |
| ⵜⴰⵖⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵣⴷⵓⵖⵜ |
| ⵜⴰⵖⵍⴰⵏⵜ | ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ  |
| ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵔⵉ | ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ  |
| ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵣⵣⵓⵍⵜ |
| ⵜⴰⵣⵣⵓⵍⵜ | ⴰⵎⴰⵔⵉⵔ, ⴰⵙⵎⴷⴰⵢ  |
| ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴷ |
| ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ | ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵉⴼⴼⵓⵙ, ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵜ  |
|  |
| ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ · ⵙⵏⴼⵍ · ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ |

**ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⴰⴱⴰⵄⵎⵕⴰⵏ** (1932 - 20 ⴱⵕⴰⵢⵕ 2020) ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵙⵎⴷⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵖⵏⵏⵊ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ **ⴱⵓⵜⴼⵓⵏⴰⵙⵜ** (ⴰⵙⵙⴰⵖ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ).

## ⵜⵉⵣⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ

ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴷ ⴰⴱⵄⵎⵕⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ 1932 ⴳ ⵜⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⵉⵣⴰ ⴳ ⴰⵢⵜ ⵕⵕⵅⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵙⵉⴷⵉ ⵉⴼⵏⵉ. ⵉⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵎⵥⵥⵢⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳⵔ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵏⵣⴳⵉ. ⵜⴱⴷⴰ ⵜⴱⵓⵔⵚⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵥⵓⵕⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵔⴰⵔ.

## ⵜⵉⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ

ⵉⴳⴰ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ  ⵏ ⴱⵓⵜⴼⵓⵏⴰⵙⵜ  ⵙⴳ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵓⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⴰⴱⴰⵄⵎⵕⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵣⵡⵉⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵜⵥⴰⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵉⵣⵔⵉⵏ ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴷ ⵍⵃⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⴱⵓⵔⴽⴰ, ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵓⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵢⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ.

### ⵉⴼⵉⵍⵎⵏ

* ⴱⵓⵜⴼⵓⵏⴰⵙⵜ
* ⵎⵓⴽⵉⵔ
* ⵔⴰⵏ ⴽⵓⵍⵍⵓ ⴷⴷⵓⵏⵉⵜ

### ⵜⵉⵖⵏⵏⵉⵊⵉⵏ

* ⵉⵎⵉⴽⴽ ⵙ ⵉⵎⵉⴽⴽ

## ⵜⴰⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ

ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴷ ⵄⴱⴷⵍⵍⴰⵀ ⴳ ⵜⴰⴷⴷⴰⵔⵜ ⵜⵓⵎⵍⵉⵍⵜ ⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ ⵓⴽⵡⴰⵙ 20 ⴱⵕⴰⵢⵕ 2020 ⴷⴼⴼⵉⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵏⵣⴰⵖ ⵉⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵎⴰⴹⵓⵏⵜ.

## ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ

* ⴱⵓⵜⴼⵓⵏⴰⵙⵜ (ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ)
* ⵍⵃⵓⵙⴰⵢⵏ ⵉⴱⵓⵔⴽⴰ
* ⵎⵙⵄⵓⴷ ⵕⵕⴰⴼⵉⵄⵉ

## ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ
# ⴰⵏⵜⵉⵔⵏⵉⵜ

ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵎⵉⵍⵏ ⴳⵓⵎⵏⵉⵏ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⵎⵉⵍⵏ ⴷ ⵢⵓⵙⴰⵏ.

 ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵖⵓⵏⵏ ⵉⴳⵏⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⴳⵓⵎⵏⵉⵏ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⵖⵓⵏⵏ ⵉⴳⵏⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ.

 ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⴳⵓⵎⵏⵉⵏ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ.

 ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵙⵓⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵓⴷ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⴽⵉⵎ 250 ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ. ⵜⵥⴹⴰⵕⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵡⵙⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ.

| ⴰⵏⵜⵉⵔⵏⵉⵜ |
| --- |
|  |
| IP network, computer network, invention |
| ⴰⴷⵓⵙⵎⵉⵍ ⵏ | telecommunications network  |
| ⵜⵓⴷⴷⵎⴰ | 29 ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ 1969  |
| ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵎⴰ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ | internetworking  |
| Replaces | Bildschirmtext  |
| ⵜⴰⵥⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵙⵉⵙ ⵉⵏⵏⵣⴳⵎⵏ | Internet studies  |
| (ⵜ)ⵢⵓⴼⴰ ⵜⵜ | Vint Cerf, Bob Kahn  |
| ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵔⵙⵉ | history of the Internet  |
| ⴷⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵔⴰⵙ | internaut  |
| ⴷⴰ ⵜ ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵔⴰⵙ | internaut  |
| ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵔⴰⵙ | Internet Protocol  |
| Complies with | Internet Protocol  |
| ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵙⵜⵉⴽ ⵉⴽⵙⵜⵛⵉⵏⵊ |       |
|  |
| ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ - ⵙⵏⴼⵍ - ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ |

**ⴰⵏⵜⵉⵔⵏⵉⵜ** ⴷ ⵉⵊⵊ ⵏ ⵓⵥⵟⵟⴰ ⴰⵙⵏⵙⵍⴽⵉⵎ ⴰⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏ, ⵉⵊⵊ ⵏ ⵓⵥⵟⵟⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵥⴹⵡⴰⵏ.

# ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵉⵔⵎⵜ

ⵉⵔⵎ ⴰⵎⴰⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉ « Internet » ⵉⴼⴼⵖ ⴷ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵔⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⵏ internetting, ⵙ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ : « ⴰⵣⴷⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵉⵥⴹⵡⴰⵏ ⵉⵏⴳⵔⴰⵙⵏ », ⵏⵏⴰ ⵎⵉ ⵢⴰⵖⵓⵍ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ ⵖⵔ ⵓⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ 1972 ⵙⴳ ⵖⵓⵔ ⵔⵓⴱⵉⵔⵜ ⵉⵍⵢⵓⵜ ⴽⴰⵏ (Robert Elliot Kahn), ⴳ ⵓⵙⴰⵜⵉ ⵏ International Conference on Computer Communications (ICCC) ⴳ ⵡⴰⵛⵉⵏⵟⵓⵏ. ⵉⵙⴰⵍⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵔⵎ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵇⵇⴰⵏ ⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵜⵓⵙⵓⵜⵜⵓⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ. ⴳ ⵓⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏⴰⵢⵔ 1983, ⴰⵔ ⵢⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵉⵙⵎⵔⵉⵙ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ « Internet » ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵡⴰⵜⵙ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ARPANET ⴷ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵉⵥⴹⵡⴰⵏ ⵉⵙⵏⵙⵍⴽⵉⵎⵏ, ⵙ ⵡⵓⴷⵎ ⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷ.

# ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ

# ⵜⵉⵏⵏⵓⴱⴹⴰ

# ⵜⵉⵎⵥⵕⵉⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ

# ⵜⴰⵜⵉⵇⵏⵉⵜ

# ⴰⵙⵎⵓⵇⵇⵓⵍⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏⵏ

# ⵜⴰⵥⵓⵕⵉ ⴷ ⵜⵙⴽⵍⴰ

# ⵜⵉⵎⵙⵙⴽⵜⵉⵢⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ

# ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ

## ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ

* **ⴰⵙⴳⵣⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⵏ ⴰⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ(ⵙ.ⴳ.ⵙ.ⵎ) :** ⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢ ⴰⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ (ⵎ.ⵎ.ⵙ.ⵎ)
# ⵏⵏⴰⴹⵓⵕ

ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵎⵉⵍⵏ ⴳⵓⵎⵏⵉⵏ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⵎⵉⵍⵏ ⴷ ⵢⵓⵙⴰⵏ.

 ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⴳⵓⵎⵏⵉⵏ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ.

 ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵙⵓⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵓⴷ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⴽⵉⵎ 250 ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ. ⵜⵥⴹⴰⵕⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵡⵙⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ.

| ⵏⵏⴰⴹⵓⵕ |
| --- |
|  |
| city, urban commune of Morocco, big city |
| ⵜⵓⴷⴷⵎⴰ | 1722  |
| ⵉⵙⵎ ⴰⴷⵙⵍⴰⵏ | الناضور, Nador  |
| ⵉⵙⵎ ⴰⵙⴰⵍⴰⵏ | ‫الناظور, Ennaḍor  |
| ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ | ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ  |
| Capital of | Nador Province  |
| Located in the administrative territorial entity | Nador Province  |
| Located in time zone | ⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⴰⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵣⴷⴰⵢ (±00:00), ⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⴰⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵣⴷⴰⵢ (UTC+01:00)  |
| ⵉⵙⵎⵍⴰⵏ ⵉⵊⵖⵔⴰⴼⵉⵢⵏ | 35°10′0″N 2°56′0″W  |
| Twinned administrative body | Amsterdam  |
| Shares border with | Bouarg, Beni Ansar, Ihddaden  |
| Postal code | 62000  |
|  |
|  |
| ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ - ⵙⵏⴼⵍ - ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ |

ⴰⴳⵍⵎⴰⵎ ⵏ ⵎⴰⵔⵛⵛⵉⴽⴰ
**ⵏⵏⴰⴹⵓⵕ** ⴷ ⵢⵉⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⴷⵉ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ,ⴷⵉ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⵟ ⵏ ⴰⵔⵔⵉⴼ ⴷⵉ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ.

**ⵏⵏⴰⴹⵓⵕ** ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⴳ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰⵢ ⴰⴳⵓⵎⵎⴹⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⴰⵔⵔⵉⴼ ⴰⴳⵎⵎⵓⴹ, ⵜⴰⴳⵓⴳ ⵅⴼ ⵍⵃⵓⵙⵉⵎⴰ ⵙ 150 ⴽⵎ ,80 ⴽⵎ ⵙⴳ ⴱⵔⴽⴰⵏ ⴷ 110 ⵙⴳ ⵜⴰⵡⵔⵉⵔⵜ (ⵉⴼⵓⵙⵙ) ⴷ 60 ⴽⵎ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵡⵜⵜⴰ ⴷ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ.

ⵏⵏⴰⴹⵓⵕ ⴷ ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏⵙ (ⴰⵣⵖⵏⵖⴰⵏ, ⵙⵍⵡⴰⵏ, ⵍⵄⴰⵔⵡⵉ, ⴰⵢⵜ ⵏⵚⴰⵕ, ⵣⴰⵢⵢⵓ) ⵜⵙⵏⴽⴷ ⵉⵅⴼ ⵏⵙ ⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⴰⴷⵎⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔ ⴳ ⵓⴳⵎⵎⵓⴹ, ⴳ ⵜⵓⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵜⴰⴳⵎⵔⵜ, ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵍⴰⵢⵜ (ⵎⴰⵕⵛⵏⴽⴰ/ⵎⴰⵕⵜⵛⵉⴽⴰ) ,ⵜⵓⵚⴽⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵎⴳⵓⵔⵉ ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵎⴰⵍ ⴽⵓⴷⵏ ⵉⵙⵎⴷ ⴰⴼⵜⴰⵙⵙ ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵏⴰⴹⵓⵔ.
ⴰⵣⴰⴳⴳⵯⵣ ⴰⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏ, ⵏⴰⴹⵓⵔ ⵍⵄⴰⵔⵡⵉ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵎⵇⵓⵔⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵎⵎⵓⴹ, ⵉⵣⵔⵉ 1 000 000 ⵎⵍⵢⵓⵏ ⴰⵏⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓ ⴳ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ 2023.

ⵉⵣⴷⴰⵖ ⴳ ⵜⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵏⴰⴹⵓⵔ 161 726 ⴰⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖ 2014, ⴰⵔ ⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵜⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵔⵉⴼⵉⵜⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴳⵓⵔⵉⵜ ⴳ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵜⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ 400 000 ⴰⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖ.

## ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ

## ⵜⴰⵔⵎⵙⴰ

## ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵍⴰⵢⵜ

## ⴰⵙⵙⴰⵢ

## ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ
# ⵎⴰⴳⵏⵓⵙ ⴽⴰⵔⵍⵙⵏ

ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⴳⵓⵎⵏⵉⵏ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ.

 ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵙⵓⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵓⴷ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⴽⵉⵎ 250 ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ. ⵜⵥⴹⴰⵕⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵡⵙⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ.

| ⵎⴰⴳⵏⵓⵙ ⴽⴰⵔⵍⵙⵏ
 |
| --- |
|  |
| ⵎⴰⴳⵏⵓⵙ ⴽⴰⵔⵍⵙⵏ |
|

---

 |
|  ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⵓⴷⵎⴰⵡⴰⵏⵏ
 |
| ⵉⵙⵎ ⴰⵏⵎⴷⵓ | ⵙⴼⵉⵏ ⵎⴰⴳⵏⵓⵙ ⵓⵡⵉⵏ ⴽⴰⵔⵍⵙⵏ |
| ⵜⴰⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ | 30 ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1990 ⵜⵓⵏⵙⴱⵔⴳ |
| ⵜⵉⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵉⵏ
 |
| ⵍⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵛⵛⵉⵟⵕⵏⵊ |
| ⵉⵙⵉⵜⵏ
 |
|  |
|  |
| ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ - ⵙⵏⴼⵍ   |

**ⵙⴼⵉⵏ ⵎⴰⴳⵏⵓⵙ ⵓⵡⵉⵏ ⴽⴰⵔⵍⵙⵏ** (ⵙ ⵜⵏⴰⵔⵡⵉⵊⵉⵜ: Sven Magnus Øen Carlsen‏) ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵓⵔⴰⵔ ⴰⵏⵓⵔⵡⵉⵊⵉ ⴰⵎⵥⵥⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵏ ⵛⵛⵟⵕⵏⵊ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⵉⵡⵉⵏ 2800 ⵏ ⵜⵏⵇⵇⵉⴹⵜ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵍⵓ. ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⵎⴰⴳⵏⵓⵙ ⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ 30 ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1990 ⴳ ⵜⵓⵏⵙⴱⵔⴳ.

## ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ
# ⵓⵍ

ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵖⵓⵏⵏ ⵉⴳⵏⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⴳⵓⵎⵏⵉⵏ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⵖⵓⵏⵏ ⵉⴳⵏⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ.

 ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵙⵓⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵓⴷ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⴽⵉⵎ 250 ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ. ⵜⵥⴹⴰⵕⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵡⵙⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ.

| ⵓⵍ |
| --- |
|  |
| organ type, class of anatomical entity |
| ⴰⴷⵓⵙⵎⵉⵍ ⵏ | animal organ  |
| ⵜⴰⴳⵣⵣⵓⵎⵜ ⵙⴳ | circulatory system  |
| Has use | blood circulation  |
| ⵜⴰⵥⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵙⵉⵙ ⵉⵏⵏⵣⴳⵎⵏ | cardiology  |
| Found in taxon | ⴰⵎⵓⴷⵔ  |
| ⵜⴰⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵏⴳⵣⵎⵜ | cavity of bony thorax  |
| Arterial supply | right coronary artery, left coronary artery  |
| Venous drainage | superior vena cava  |
| Innervated by | cardiac plexus  |
| Development of anatomical structure | development of the heart  |
| Connects with | artery, vein  |
| ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵥⵍⴰ ⵙ | heartbeat  |
| ⵉⵎⵙⵍⵉ ⴰⵎⵙⵢⴰⴼⵓ | heart sound  |
| ⴰⴷⵔⵉⵣ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵏⵉⴳⵍⵎⵢⴰⵏ | 🫀  |
|  |
| ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ - ⵙⵏⴼⵍ - ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ |

ⵓⵍ (ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵓⵜ: ⵓⵍⴰⵡⵏ) ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴳⴰⵍⵉⴹⵜ ⵉⴱⴳⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵡⴰⴳⵯⵏⵙ-ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵢⵉⴷⵎⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⴰⴷⴷⴰⵔⵏ ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵙⵙⵉⵡⵉⵙ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴰⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵢⵉⴷⴰⵎⵎⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵜⴰⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵍⴱⵓⵎⴱⵜ ⵉⵏⴳⴳⵓⵏ ⵉⴷⴰⵎⵎⵏ ⵙ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵜⵉⵙⵍⴰⴹ ⴷ ⵉⴳⵎⴰⵎⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵙⵙⴰ. ⵓⵍ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵍⴽⴽⵎ ⵜⴰⵥⴰⵢⵜ-ⵏⵏⵙ 270ⴳ ⴷ ⵖ ⵓⵏⵛⴽ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴽⴽⵉⵎ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵍⴰ.

ⵓⵍ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⵍⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⴰⵛⴽⵓ ⵓⵔ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵥⴹⴰⵕ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⴱⵍⴰ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⵜ-ⵏⵏⵙ.

## ⵓⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ

### ⴰⵏⵙⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ

ⵓⵍ ⵉⵟⵟⴰⴼ ⴰⵏⵙⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵖ ⴳⵔ ⵜⵓⵔⵉⵏ, ⵎⴰⵛⵛ ⵉⵡⴰⵍⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵉⴽⴽ ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵥⵍⵎⴰⴹⵜ, ⵢⵉⵍⵉ ⵖ ⴷⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵡⵉⵔ ⴰⵏⴰⴷⴷⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵣⴳⵏ (ⵎⴻⴷⵉⴰⵙⵜⵉⵓⵏⵓⵙ), ⵢⵉⵍⵉ ⵏⵏⵉⵛⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵖⵔⴷⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵅⵙ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵎⴰⵔⵏ, ⵉⵙⴽⴽⵉⵡⵙ ⴼ ⵉⴳⴳⵉ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵍⵎⴷⵉⵙ.

### ⵜⵓⵚⴽⵉⵡⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ

ⵓⵍ ⵉⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵍⵖⴰ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵣⴰⵎⵓⴳ, ⴳⵉⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⴼⴰ ⵉⵡⴰⵍⴰⵏ ⵉⵣⴷⴷⴰⵔ ⴷ ⴷⴰⵜ, ⴳⵉⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵍⴰ ⵉⵡⴰⵍⴰⵏ ⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵖⵔⴷⵉⵏ, ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵡⵓⴷⵎⴰⵡⵏ.

ⵓⵍ ⴳⵉ-ⵙ ⴽⴽⵓⵥⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴼⵔⵉⵜⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴱⴹⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵜⴰⵚⵟⴰⵕⵉⵏ (ⵛⵍⵓⵉⵙⵓⵏⵙ), ⵉⴱⴹⴰ ⵣⵡⴰⵔ ⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵡⵓⵍⴰⵡⵏ: ⵓⵍ ⴰⴼⴰⵙⵉ (ⵡⵉⵏ ⵓⵙⴰⵔⴰ ⵉⵎⵥⵥⵉⵢⵏ) ⴷ ⵡⵓⵍ ⴰⵥⵍⵎⴰⴹ (ⵡⵉⵏ ⵓⵙⴰⵔⴰ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵕⵏ), ⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜ ⵢⴰⵏ ⴳⵉⵜⵙⵏ, ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵙ ⵙ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⴼⵔⵉⵜⵉⵏ: ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵣⵓⵖⵜ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵉⵙⵜ.

## ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ
# ⵕⵢⴰⵍ ⵎⴰⴷⵔⵉⴷ

ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵙⵓⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵓⴷ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⴽⵉⵎ 250 ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ. ⵜⵥⴹⴰⵕⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵡⵙⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ.

| ⵔⵢⴰⵍ ⵎⴰⴷⵔⵉⴷ |
| --- |
|  |
| association football club |
| ⵜⴰⴳⵣⵣⵓⵎⵜ ⵙⴳ | Q97241694  |
| ⵜⵓⴷⴷⵎⴰ | 6 ⵎⴰⵕⵚ 1902  |
| Nickname | Los Blancos, Los Merengues, Los Vikingos, La Casa Blanca  |
| Wears | Real Madrid C.F. home kit, Real Madrid C.F. away kit, Real Madrid C.F. third kit  |
| Sponsor | Emirates  |
| ⵜⵓⵏⵏⵓⵏⵜ | ⵜⴰⵛⴰⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵔ  |
| Participant in | 2023–24 La Liga, Supercopa de España de fútbol 2025  |
| ⴰⵎⵙⵙⵔⵙⵍ | Julián Palacios, Juan Padrós, Carlos Padrós  |
| Position held by head of the organization | president of Real Madrid CF  |
| Chairperson | Florentino Pérez  |
| ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ | ⵚⴱⴰⵏⵢⴰ  |
| Head coach | José Mourinho  |
| League or competition | La Liga  |
| Home venue | Bernabéu  |
| Headquarters location | ⵎⴰⴷⵔⵉⴷ  |
| SRGB color hex triplet | FFFFFF  |
| ⵜⵉⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⵢⵓⵡⵉ | FIFA Club of the Century  |
| Nominated for | Laureus World Sports Award for Team of the Year, Laureus World Sports Award for Team of the Year  |
| Statistical leader | ⴽⵔⵉⵙⵜⵢⴰⵏⵓ ⵔⵓⵏⴰⵍⴷⵓ, Raúl  |
| ⴰⵙⵉⵜⵡⵉⴱ ⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷ |   |
| Kit supplier | Adidas AG  |
| Official color | white, purple  |
| Category for members of a team | Category:Real Madrid CF players  |
|  |
| ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ - ⵙⵏⴼⵍ - ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ |

**ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵎⴰⴷⵔⵉⴷ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵛⴰⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵔ(ⵙ ⵜⵙⴱⵏⵢⵓⵍⵜ : Real Madrid Club de Fútbol)*, ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵙ **ⵔⵢⴰⵍ ⵎⴰⴷⵔⵉⴷ** ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵙ **ⵔⵢⴰⵍ**. ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵙⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵜⵛⴰⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵔ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵓⴰⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵚⴱⴰⵏⵢⴰ.

## ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ

* ⵉⴼ ⵙⵉ ⴱⴰⵔⵙⵉⵍⵓⵏⴰ
* ⴰⵙⵔⵉⵔ ⵏ ⴼⴰⵍⴰⵏⵙⵢⴰ
* ⴰⵙⵔⵉⵔ ⵏ ⵅⵉⵜⴰⴼⵉ

## ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ
# ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵜ

ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵎⵉⵍⵏ ⴳⵓⵎⵏⵉⵏ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⵎⵉⵍⵏ ⴷ ⵢⵓⵙⴰⵏ.

 ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⴳⵓⵎⵏⵉⵏ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ.

 ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵙⵓⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵓⴷ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⴽⵉⵎ 250 ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ. ⵜⵥⴹⴰⵕⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵡⵙⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ.

| ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵜ |
| --- |
|  |
| standard language, modern language |
| ⴰⴷⵓⵙⵎⵉⵍ ⵏ | Tamazight  |
| ⵉⵙⵎ ⴰⵙⴰⵍⴰⵏ | ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ  |
| ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ | ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ  |
| ⵉⵙⵎⵍⴰⵏ ⵉⵊⵖⵔⴰⴼⵉⵢⵏ | 32°24′0″N 4°26′0″W  |
| Linguistic typology | verb–subject–object, agglutinative language, fusional language  |
| Has grammatical gender | masculine, feminine  |
| Writing system | ⵜⵉⴼⵉⵏⴰⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓⵜ  |
| Language regulatory body | ⴰⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ  |
| Ethnologue language status | 1 National  |
| Wikimedia language code | zgh  |
|  |
|  |
| ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ - ⵙⵏⴼⵍ - ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ |

**ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵉⵔⵉⴱⵜ** ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵥⴳⵯⵕ ⴰⵙⵓⵍⴰⵏ, ⴰⵡⵜⵜⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵡⵙⵏⴼⴰⵍ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ. ⵉⵜⵜⵡⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵓⵢⴰ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⵡⵉⵙ 5 ⵏ ⵓⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⵏ 2011.

ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵥⴽⴰ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⴰⵔⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ (ⵜⴰⵛⵍⵃⵉⵜ, ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵟⵍⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ, ⵜⴰⵔⵉⴼⵉⵜ).

## ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ

* Standard Moroccan Amazigh Transliterator
# 30 ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ

ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⴳⵓⵎⵏⵉⵏ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ.

 ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵙⵓⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵓⴷ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⴽⵉⵎ 250 ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ. ⵜⵥⴹⴰⵕⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵡⵙⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ.

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| --- |
| **30 ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ** |
| **June 30** (ⵜⴰⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣⵜ)
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|  |
| **30 ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵎⵍⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ (2023)** |
| ⴰⵙⴰⵎ
 | ⴰⵢⵏ
 | ⴰⵙⵉⵏ
 | ⴰⴽⵔ
 | ⴰⴽⵡ
 | ⴰⵙⵉⵎ
 | ⴰⵙⵉⴹ
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| **← 29 ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ1 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ→** |

**30 ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ** (ⵙ ⵜⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣⵜ: *June 30*) ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵙⵙ ⴰⵎⴳⴳⴰⵔⵓ "ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⵎⵔⴰⵡ" ⴳ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ (ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ) ⴳ ⵓⵙⵎⵍⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⴳⵔⵉⴳⵓⵔ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⴰⵙ ⵜⵜⵖⴰⵎⴰ 184 ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵙ ⵢ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ.

## ⵜⵉⵎⵙⴰⵔⵉⵏ

* **1960**: «ⴰⵣⴰⵔⵓⴳ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ **ⴽⵓⵏⴳⵓ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⴳⴷⵓⵜ**»
* **713:** ⵜⴹⵕ ⵜⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵎⴰⴷⵔⵉⴷ ⴳ ⵉⴼⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵙⵍⵎⵏ.
* **1086:** ⵉⴽⵛⵓ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵢⵓⵙⴼ ⴱⵏ ⵜⴰⵛⴼⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵜⴰⴳⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵣⴳⵣⴰⵡⵜ.
* **1969:** ⵜⵓⵔⵉ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ **ⵙⵉⴷⵉ ⵉⴼⵏⵉ** ⵙ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵜ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵣⴱⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⴰⵢⵜ ⴱⴰⵄⴱⵔⴰⵏ ⵉ ⵓⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⴰⵚⴱⵍⵢⵓⵏⵉ.

## ⵉⵍⵉⵍⵉⵜⵏ

## ⵉⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵏ

## ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ

## ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ
# 23 ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵢⵔ

ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⴳⵓⵎⵏⵉⵏ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ.

 ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵙⵓⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵓⴷ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⴽⵉⵎ 250 ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ. ⵜⵥⴹⴰⵕⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵡⵙⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ.

| 23 ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵢⵔ |
| --- |
| **January 23** (ⵜⴰⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣⵜ) |
|  |
| ⵉⵙⴼⴽⴰ |
| ⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ | ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵢⵔ |
| ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ | ⴰⵙⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ |
| ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⴰ | 2026 |
| ⵜⵉⵏⵉⴼⴹⵜ | 2000 (ⵜⵉⵙⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹⵜ) |
| ⵙ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵉⴹⵏ | ⴼⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵍⴳⴰⵎⵜ**23 innayr** (ⵜⴰⵛⵍⵃⵉⵜ)**23 janvier** (ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ)**23 de enero** (ⵜⴰⵚⴱⵍⵢⵓⵏⵜ)**23. Januar** (ⵜⴰⵍⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ)**23 בינואר** (ⵜⴰⵄⵉⴱⵔⵉⵜ) |
| ⴳ ⵓⵙⵎⵍⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ | **10 ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵢⵔ** |
| ⴰⵙⵙ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵓⵙⴰ ⵉⵣⵔⵉⵏ | 2026 (ⴰⵙⵉⵎⵡⴰⵙ)* **2025** (ⴰⴽⵡⴰⵙ)
* **2024** (ⴰⵙⵉⵏⴰⵙ)
* **2023** (ⴰⵢⵏⴰⵙ)
* **2022** (ⴰⵙⴰⵎⴰⵙ)
* **2021** (ⴰⵙⵉⴹⵢⴰⵙ)
* **2020** (ⴰⴽⵡⴰⵙ)
* **2019** (ⴰⴽⵕⴰⵙ)
* **2018** (ⴰⵙⵉⵏⴰⵙ)
* **2017** (ⴰⵢⵏⴰⵙ)
* **2016** (ⴰⵙⵉⴹⵢⴰⵙ)
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|

| ◀ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵢⵔ▶ |
| --- |
| ⴰⵢⵏ | ⴰⵙⵉⵏ | ⴰⴽⵕ | ⴰⴽⵡ | ⴰⵙⵉⵎ | ⴰⵙⵉⴹ | ⴰⵙⴰ |
| 29 | 30 | 31 | 118 | 219 | 320 | 421 |
| 522 | 623 | 724 | 825 | 926 | 1027 | 1128 |
| 1229 | 1330 | 141 | 152 | 163 | 174 | 185 |
| 196 | 207 | 218 | 229 | **23**10 | 2411 | 2512 |
| 2613 | 2714 | 2815 | 2916 | 3017 | 3118 | 1 |

 |
| ◀ 22 ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵢⵔ24 ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵢⵔ ▶ |
| ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ - ⵙⵏⴼⵍ - ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ |

**23 ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵢⵔ** (ⵙ ⵜⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣⵜ: *January 23*) ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵙⵙ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵓⴳⵏⴰⵔ ⴷ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ (**ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵢⵔ**) ⴳ ⵓⵙⵎⵍⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⴳⵔⵉⴳⵓⵔ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⴰⵙ ⵜⵜⵖⴰⵎⴰ 342 ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵙ ⵢ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ.

## ⵜⵉⵎⵙⴰⵔⵉⵏ

## ⵉⵍⵉⵍⵉⵜⵏ

## ⵉⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵏ

## ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ

## ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ
# 23 ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ

ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⴳⵓⵎⵏⵉⵏ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ.

 ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵙⵓⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵓⴷ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⴽⵉⵎ 250 ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ. ⵜⵥⴹⴰⵕⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵡⵙⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ.

|  |
| --- |
| **23 ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ** |
| **June 23** (ⵜⴰⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣⵜ)
 |
|  |
|  |
| **23 ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵎⵍⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ (2023)** |
| ⴰⵙⴰⵎ
 | ⴰⵢⵏ
 | ⴰⵙⵉⵏ
 | ⴰⴽⵔ
 | ⴰⴽⵡ
 | ⴰⵙⵉⵎ
 | ⴰⵙⵉⴹ
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| **← 22 ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ24 ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ→** |

**23 ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ** (ⵙ ⵜⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣⵜ: *June 23*) ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵙⵙ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ "ⵓⴳⵏⴰⵔ ⴷ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ" ⴳ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ (ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ) ⴳ ⵓⵙⵎⵍⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⴳⵔⵉⴳⵓⵔ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⴰⵙ ⵜⵜⵖⴰⵎⴰ 191 ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵙ ⵢ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ.

## ⵜⵉⵎⵙⴰⵔⵉⵏ

## ⵉⵍⵉⵍⵉⵜⵏ

* **1972**: «ⵜⴰⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⵔⴰⵔ ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ **ⵣⵉⵏⴷⴷⵉⵏ ⵣⵉⴷⴰⵏ**»

## ⵉⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵏ

## ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ

## ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ
# ⴱⵓⵍⵉⴼⵢⴰ

ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⴳⵓⵎⵏⵉⵏ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ.

 ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵙⵓⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵓⴷ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⴽⵉⵎ 250 ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ. ⵜⵥⴹⴰⵕⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵡⵙⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ.
ⴱⵓⵍⵉⴼⵢⴰ
**ⴱⵓⵍⵉⴼⵢⴰ** ⵉⵙⵎ ⵓⵏⵚⵉⴱ ⴰⵡⴰⵏⴽ ⴱⵓ ⵡⴰⵟⵟⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⴷⵓⴷⵏ ⵏ ⴱⵓⵍⵉⴼⵢⴰ (ⵙ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⴱⵍⵢⵓⵏⵜ: Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia) ⴷ ⵉⵛⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵉⴼⴼⵓⵙ ⵏ ⴰⵎⵔⵉⴽⴰ, ⵢⵉⵡⴹ ⵡⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵖⵔ 10,461,053 ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⵙ ⵏ 2013.
ⵜⵉⵎⴷⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⵙⵡⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵏⵉⵜⵏⵉ : ⵙⴰⵏⵜⴰ ⴽⵔⵓⵣ, ⵓⵔⵓⵔⵓ, ⵙⵓⴽⵔⵉ, ⴱⵓⵜⵓⵙ.

ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵥⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵡⴰⵏⴽ ⴰ ⵜⴳⴰⵜ ⵙⵓⴽⵔⵉ

## ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ

* **ⴰⵙⴳⵣⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⵏ ⴰⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ(ⵙ.ⴳ.ⵙ.ⵎ) :** ⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢ ⴰⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ (ⵎ.ⵎ.ⵙ.ⵎ)