# ⴱⵍⵖⴰⵔⵢⴰ

ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵎⵉⵍⵏ ⴳⵓⵎⵏⵉⵏ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⵎⵉⵍⵏ ⴷ ⵢⵓⵙⴰⵏ.

 ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵖⵓⵏⵏ ⵉⴳⵏⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⴳⵓⵎⵏⵉⵏ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⵖⵓⵏⵏ ⵉⴳⵏⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ.

 ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⴳⵓⵎⵏⵉⵏ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ.

| ⴱⵍⵖⴰⵔⵢⴰ |
| --- |
| България (Bulgarian) Народна република България (Bulgarian) Царство България (Bulgarian) ⵙ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵉⴹⵏ (1)Княжество България (Bulgarian)  |
| ⴰⵛⵏⵢⴰⵍ ⵜⴰⵡⵎⵔⵉⴳⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴼⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ: A discovery to share ⵉⵣⵍⵉ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔ: Mila Rodino   |
| ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⴱⵍⵖⴰⵔⵢⴰ ⴳ ⵜⴽⴰⵕⴹⴰ  ﻿ / ﻿ |
| ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵙⵓⴳⵓⵔⵜ |
| ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵥⵓⵏⵜ | Sofia  |
| ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⵓⵏⵚⵉⴱⵜ | Bulgarian  |
| ⴰⴳⵎⴰⵎ ⴳ | ⵜⴰⵍⴳⴰⵎⵜ   (36)* ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵔⵓⴼⵜ
* ⵏⴰⵜⵓ
* Council of Europe
* WTO
* Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation
* ⵜⵉⵎⵜⵜⴰ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ
* Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe
* International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
* International Finance Corporation
* Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency
* International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes
* Australia Group
* Eurocontrol
* Warsaw Pact
* COMECON
* Treaty on Open Skies
* Missile Technology Control Regime
* ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵓⵍⵜⴰ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵖⵍⴰⵏⵜ
* Nuclear Suppliers Group
* Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons
* Movement Coordination Centre Europe
* Strategic Airlift Capability
* ⵢⵓⵏⵉⵙⴽⵓ
* Group on Earth Observations
* Universal Postal Union
* International Telecommunication Union
* Organisation internationale de la Francophonie
* World Meteorological Organization
* WHO
* International Centre for Migration Policy Development
* Antarctic Treaty System
* World Customs Organization
* International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance
* Schengen Area
* CERN Council
* Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons

 |
| ⴰⵏⴱⴰⴹ |
| ⴰⵏⴱⴱⴰⴹ | Румен Радев, Iliana Iotova  |
| ⵜⴰⵍⵖⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴱⴰⴹ | parliamentary republic  |
| ⵜⴰⵔⵙⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵖⴼ ⵏ ⵓⵡⴰⵏⴽ | President of Bulgaria  |
| ⵜⴰⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ |
| ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ | Kiril Petkov, Румен Радев  |
| ⵜⴰⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵣⴳⴰⵔⵜ | Council of Ministers of Bulgaria  |
| ⵜⴰⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ | National Assembly of Bulgaria  |
| ⴰⵏⴳⵎⴰⵎ ⵓⵣⵔⵉⴼ | National Assembly of Bulgaria  |
| ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ |
| ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵙⵔⵙⵍ | 681  |
| ⵜⴰⵔⴰⴽⴰⵍⵜ |
| ⵜⴰⵊⵓⵎⵎⴰ |  110 993,6 ⴽⵎ²  |
| ⴰⵎⵏⵥⴰⵡ | ⵜⵓⵕⵓⴱⵜ  |
| ⵉⵡⵜⵜⴰ ⴰⴽⴷ | ⵜⴰⵍⴳⴰⵎⵜ   (10)* ⵕⵓⵎⴰⵏⵢⴰ
* ⵜⵓⵔⴽⵢⴰ
* ⴰⴳⵔⵉⴽ
* ⵎⴰⵙⵉⴷⵓⵏⵢⴰ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⴼⴰⵢⵜ
* ⵚⵉⵕⴱⵢⴰ
* Black Sea
* Soviet Union
* Jugoslavija
* ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵔⵓⴼⵜ
* ⴰⴳⵎⵓⴹ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ

 |
| ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⴰⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰ | Musala  |
| ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⴰⵏⴰⴷⴷⴰⵡ | Black Sea  |
| ⵉⵏⵉⴳⵍ ⴰⵊⵢⵓⴳⵕⴰⴼⵉ | 732800  |
| ⵜⴰⵔⴰⵖⵔⴼⵜ |
| ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ | ▼ 6 423 207 (2025) ⵙ ⵓⵔⵉⵙ* ⵉⵡⵜⵎⴰⵏ: 3 095 140 (2024)
* ⵜⵉⵡⵜⵎⵉⵏ: 3 342 220 (2024)
 |
| ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵉⵏ | 4 744 111 (2024)  |
| ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴰⵔⴰ | 1 693 249 (2024)  |
| ⵜⴰⵏⵥⵥⵉ | 57,87 ⵣⴷⵖ/ⴽⵎ²  |
| ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵡⵜⴰⵢ | 73,47 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ (2024)  |
| ⴰⵡⵜⴰⵢ ⵓⵍⴳⵉⵏ | 18 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ  |
| ⵜⴰⵎⵏⵛⴽⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵏⵖⵉⵎⴰⵏ | 7 (2024)  |
| ⴰⴼⴰⵔⵙ ⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⴰⵢ ⵓⵙⵜⵉⵢ |
| ⴰⵙⵏⵉⵎⴰⵍ  | 2023 |
| ⴰⵖⵔⵓⴷ | ▲ 102,41 ⵎⵍⵢⴰⵔ $  |
| ⵜⴰⴷⴰⵎⵙⴰ |
| ⴰⴷⵔⵉⵎ | Bulgarian lev, ⵢⵓⵕⵓ  |
| ⴰⴱⴰⵏⴽ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ | Bulgarian National Bank  |
| ⵜⴰⵎⵏⵛⴽⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵢⵓⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴳⴰⵏⵜ (VAT) | 20%  |
| ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴼⴳⴰⵏⵜ |
| ⴰⵏⵎⵎⴰⵍ | ▲ 0,799 (2022)  |
| ⵜⵉⴳⵎⵉⴹⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵔⵡⵓⵔⵉ | ▲ 4,2% (2025)  |
| ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵊⵉⵏⵉ |
| ⴰⵏⵎⵎⴰⵍ |  40,3 (2019)  |
| ⵜⵉⵏⴳⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ |
| ⵜⴰⵏⴳⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵜⵉⵍⵉⴼⵓⵏ | +359  |
| ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵜⵉⵍⵉⴼⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵥⵡⴰⵢⵜ | 112  |
| ⵜⴰⵏⴳⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ | BG  |
| ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵓⵏⵉⴽⵓⴷ | 🇧🇬  |
| ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⵙⵙⵏ ⴰⵢⵍⴰⵏ | 207  |
| ⴰⴳⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵜⵉⵔⵏⵉⵜ | .bg, .бг  |
| ⵉⵙⴼⴽⴰ ⵢⴰⴹⵏ |
| ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴷⴰⵀ | ⴰⴼⴰⵙⵉ  |
| ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵡⴰⴷⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵍⴰⵡⴰⵢ | ⴰⴼⴰⵙⵉ  |
| ⵉⵏⵉⴳⵍ ⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷ | ⵉⵣⵎ  |
| ⴰⵏⵙⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵡⵉⴱ ⵓⵏⵚⵉⴱ | www.government.bg  |
| ⴰⴳⵎⵎⴰⴹ ⴰⴽⵓⴷⴰⵏ | ⵜⴰⵍⴳⴰⵎⵜ   (5)* ⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⴰⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵣⴷⴰⵢ (+02:00)
* ⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⴰⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵣⴷⴰⵢ (+03:00)
* Europe/Sofia
* Eastern European Time
* Eastern European Summer Time

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| ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⴰⵔⴰⴽⴰⵍ |
|  |
|  |
| ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ - ⵙⵏⴼⵍ - ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ |

ⴱⵍⵖⴰⵔⵢⴰ , ⵙ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⴱⵍⵖⴰⵔⵉⵜ: България , ⵓⵏⵚⵉⴱ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵍⵖⴰⵔⵢⴰ , ⵏⵜⴰⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵡⵡⵓⵏⴽⵜ ⵜⵉⵍⵉ ⴷⵉ ⴰⴼⵓⵙ ⵏ ⴰⴳⵎⵎⵓⴹ ⵏ ⵓⵔⵓⴱⴱⴰ. ⵜⵉⵍⵉ ⵅ ⴰⵖⵣⴷⵉⵙ ⵏ ⴰⴳⵎⵎⵓⴹ ⵏ ⵣⴳⴳ ⵍⴱⵍⵇⴰⵏ , ⴷ ⵜⵙⵡⵓⵜⵉⵜ ⵔⵓⵎⴰⵏⵢⴰ ⵣⴳⴳⵯ ⴰⴳⴼⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵚⵉⵔⴱⵢⴰ ⴷ ⵎⵇⴷⵓⵏⵢⴰ ⵣⴳⴳⵯ ⴰⵜⴰⵔⴰⵎ ⴷ ⵍⵢⵓⵏⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵜⵓⵔⴽ ⵣⴳⴳ ⵉⴼⵓⵙ ⴷ  ⵉⵍ ⴰⴱⴰⵔⴽⴰⵏ ⵣⴳⴳⵯ ⴰⴳⵎⵎⵓⴹ. ⵜⴰⵡⴹ ⵜⴰⵊⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⴱⵍⵖⴰⵔⵢⴰ 110.994 ⴽⵉⵍⵓ ⵎⵉⵜⵔⵓ ⴰⵎⴽⴽⵓⵥ (428.55 ⵎⵉⵍ ⴰⵎⴽⴽⵓⵥ) , ⴷ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⵜ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⴷ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵡⵏⵏⴰⴽ ⵜⵉⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⴷⵉ ⵓⵔⵓⴱⴱⴰ. ⵚⵓⴼⵢⴰ ⵏⵜⴰⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⵇⵇⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵜⵜⵉ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵎⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏⵉⵏ. ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵎⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⵏⵉⵜⵏⵜⵉ ⴱⵓⵍⴼⵉⴷⵉⴼ ⴷ ⴼⵉⵔⵏⴰ ⴷ ⴱⵓⵔⴳⴰⵙ

ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵏ ⴽⴰⵔⴰⵏⴼⵓ ⵣⴳⴳ ⵜⵉⵎⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵣⵡⵓⵔⴰ ⴷⵉ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⵓⵔⴰ ⵏ ⴱⵍⵖⴰⵔⵢⴰ ⵜⴰⵜⵔⴰⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⵓⴹⴰ ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵖⵔ 6500 ⵏⴳⵓⵎ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ. ⴷⵉ ⴰⵙⴰⵜⵓ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⴰⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⵜⵓ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵏⴳⵓⵎ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ ,  ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⴷ ⴰⵙⴰⵢⵙ ⵉ ⴰⵎⵜⵡⵉⵢ ⵉ ⵉⵜⴰⵔⵔⴰⵇⵢⵢⵏ ⴷ ⵉⴼⵓⵔⵙⵢⵢⵏ ⴷ ⵉⴳⵉⵍⵜⵢⵢⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⵇⴷⵓⵏⵢⵢⵏ. ⵢⵓⵙ ⴰⵖⵊⴷⵉⵎ ⵍⵍⵉⵖ ⵜⵉⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⵜⴰⵎⵏⵓⴽⴷⴰ ⵏ ⴰⵔⵔⵓⵎ ⵜⴰⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⴷⵉ ⴳⵯ ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 45 ⴰⵡⴰⵔⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ. ⴷ ⴰⵡⴰⵔⵏⵉ ⵉⴼⵜⵜⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵡⵓⵏⴽⵜ ⵏ ⴰⵔⵔⵓⵎ , ⵜⵉⵔⵓⵔⴰ ⵜⵉⵙⵍⴰⴽⵉⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵙⵉⵜⵉⵏ ⴷⵉ ⵜⴰⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ. ⴷⴰⵔ ⴰⵙⴰⵜⵓ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ,    ⵣⴷⵖⵏ ⵉⵙⵍⴰⴼⵢⵢⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵡⵓⵔⴰ ⵜⵉⵎⵓⵔⴰ ⵜⴰ. ⵉⵏⵟⴳ ⵉⴱⵍⵖⴰⵔⵢⵢⵏ ⵙ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵣⵔⵜ ⵏ ⴰⵙⴱⴰⵔⵓⵀ ⵜⵉⵎⵓⵔⴰ ⵏ ⴱⵍⵖⴰⵔⵢⴰ ⵜⴰⵏⵎⵖⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵓⴳⵏ ⵉⴱⵍⵇⴰⵏⴻⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵏⵓⵖ  ⴷ ⴰⵎⵖⵍⴰⵍ ⴷⵉ ⵉⵏⴳⴳⵓⵔⴰ ⵏ ⴰⵙⴰⵜⵓ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⴰ. ⵉⵙⵔⵙⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵙⴰⵍⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵏⵓⴽⴷⴰ ⵏ ⴱⵍⴼⴰⵔⵢⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ , ⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⵉⵙⵇⵔⵜ ⵣⴰⵢⵙ ⵜⴰⵎⵏⵓⴽⴷⴰ ⵏ ⴰⵔⵉⵓⵎ ⴰⴳⵎⵎⵓⴹⵉⴹ ⵜⵉⵏⵏⵔⴰⵢⵜ ⴷⵉ ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ 681 ⴰⵡⴰⵔⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ. ⵜⵏⴱⴹ ⵅ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵜⵉⵡⵏⵏⴰⴽ ⵏ ⵍⴱⵍⵇⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵙⵓⵔⵜ ⵙ ⵓⵏⵓⵖ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⵅ ⵜⵉⴷⵍⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵍⴰⴼⵉⵜ ⵣⴳ ⴰⵎⵥⵓⵏ ⴰⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⵜⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵔⵉⵍⵉⵜ. ⵜⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵜⴰⵎⵏⵓⴽⴷⴰ ⵏ ⴱⵍⵖⴰⵔⵢⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⴰⵍ ⵜⵉⵎⵏⵣⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⴰⵙⴰⵜⵓ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ , ⵍⵍⵉⵖ ⵉⵙⵓⴳⵉⵜ ⴰⵎⵏⴽⵓⴷ ⴰⴱⵉⵥⴰⵏⵟ ⴱⴰⵙⵉⵍ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵉⴼⵙⵢⵉⵜ. ⵜⵉⴼⵔⴰ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵍⴰ ⵏ ⴱⵍⵖⴰⵔⵢⴰ ⵜⵉⵎⵓⵔⵙⵉⵜ ⴰⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ 1185 ⴰⵍ ⴰⵙⴱⴷⴷⵉ ⵜⴰⵎⵏⵓⴽⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⴱⵍⵖⴰⵔⵉⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵅⵛⵛ ⵖⵔ ⵜⴰⵇⵉⵛⵛⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⵢ ⴰⵏⴱⴰⴹ ⵉⴼⴰⵏ ⴰⵙⵏ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ (1218-1241). ⴰⵡⴰⵔⵏⵉ ⴰⵟⵟⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉⵜⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵉⵃⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵢⴰⵙⴰⵢⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵖⵜⴰⵙⵉⵏ , ⵜⴼⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵎⵏⵓⴽⴷⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴷⴰ ⴷⵉ ⴳⵯ ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1396 ⵡⴰⴷⴰⵢ ⵏ ⴰⵎⴹⴰⵍ ⴰⵖⵓⵜⴹⴰⵏ ⵎⵉⵏⴷⵉ ⵉⵜⴰⵡⴹ ⵣⴳ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵓⵜⴰ.

ⵜⴼⵔⵙⵜ ⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⵜⴰⵔⵓⵙⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵜⵓⵔⴽⵉⵜ (1877-1878) ⵅⴼ ⵜⵓⵏⵓⵖⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵡⵡⵓⵏⴽⵜ ⵜⴰⴱⵍⵖⴰⵔⵉⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⴷ ⵖⵉⵍⴰⴷ. ⵉⵢⵓⴷⵊⴰ ⴰⵟⵟⴰⵙ ⵣⴳ ⵉⴱⵍⵖⴰⵔⵢⵢⵏ ⵉⵥⵓⵕⴰⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⵉⵔⵉ ⴰⴳⵎⵉⵔ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵡⵓⵏⴽⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓⵜ , ⵎⵉⵏⵣⵉ ⵉⵏⵣⵍ ⵉⵙⵢⴰⴼⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⴼⵔⴰ ⵖⵔ ⴰⵟⵟⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵢⴰⵙⴰⵢⵏ ⴰⴳ ⵉⵏⴰⵔⴰⴳⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵏⴻⵏ ⴰⴳ ⴰⵍⵉⴹⴰⵏ ⴷⵉ ⵉⵀⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉⵜⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ. ⴷⵉ ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ 1946 , ⵜⵢⴰⵖⵓⵍⵜ ⴱⵍⵖⴰⵔⵢⴰ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵣⵔⵜ ⵏ ⴰⴳⵓⴷⵉ ⴰⴳⵎⵎⵓⴹ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⴼⵢⴰⵜⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵢⴰⵖⵓⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⵡⵡⵓⵏⴽⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵔⴰⵡⵉⵢⵜ. ⵢⵓⵊⵊⴰ ⵢ ⴰⵎⵓⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⵏⵊⵎⴰⵡ ⴰⵎⵏⵀⴰⴹ ⵅ ⵜⵉⴽⵡⵡⵛ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⴰⵡⴰⵔⵏⵉ ⵜⵉⴳⵔⴰⵡⵍⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ  1989 ⴷ ⵢⵓⴷⵊⴰ ⵙ ⵉⵙⵎⵙⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵢⴰⵏⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⵜⵜⵓⵖⵉⵜⵉⵏ. ⴷⴰⵢ ⵜⵎⵎⵓⵜⵜⵉ ⴱⵍⵖⴰⵔⵢⴰ ⵖⵔ ⵜⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ  ⴷ ⴰⴷⵎⵉⵙ ⵉⵜⵙⵖⵣⵏⵜ ⵅ ⴰⴳⴰⴷⵓⵣ. ⵣⴳⵎⵉ ⵜⴰⵙⵖⵣⵏⵜ ⴰⵎⴰⴳⴰⵡ ⵜⵉⵖⴰⵎⵉⵏⵢⵏ ⴷⵉ ⴳⵯ ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ  ⵏ 1991 , ⵜⴰⵖⵓⵍ ⴱⵍⵖⴰⵔⵢⴰ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⴱⵕⵍⴰⵎⴰⵏⵉⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵢⵉⵡⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵣⴳ 28 ⵏ ⴰⴱⵏⵏⵣ , ⴰⴳ ⴰⵙⴽⵯⴼⵍ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵜ ⴷⴳ ⵜⵉⵏⵏⵓⵎⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵜⵉⵢⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴰⴷⴱⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵙⵎⴰⵟⵟⴰⵏⵜ.

ⴱⵍⵖⴰⵔⵢⴰ  ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⴷ ⴰⵏⵔⴽⵓⵎ , ⴰⴳ ⴰⴷⵎⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵉⴳ , ⴷ ⵜⵉⵏⵥⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵯⴼⵍⵜ 68 ⴷⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵛⴰⵢⵜ ⴰⵢⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⵏⴼⴳⴰⵏ. ⵉⵙⵜⵉⴽ ⴰⴷⵎⵉⵙ ⴰⴳⴰⴷⵓⵣ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⴳⵣⵣⵓⵎⵜ ⵣⴳ ⴰⴳⴰⴷⵓⵣ ⵓⵔⵓⴱⵉ ⴰⵎⵙⵢⵉⵡⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵖⵣⵏ ⵖⵔ ⴰⵡⵓⵜⵜⵓ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⵅ ⵉⵙⵏⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ , ⵜⴹⴼⴰⵔⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴳⵓⵔⵉ - ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴰⵙⵖⵓⴷⵉⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵣⴰⵔⵢⵏⵜ - ⴷ ⵜⴰⴽⵔⵣⴰ. ⴰⵏⵖⴰⵍ ⵏ ⴰⴳⵓⴼⵙⵓ ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⴽⵔⵉⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵙⵎⴰⵟⵟⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏⵜ. ⴱⵍⵖⴰⵔⵢⴰ ⵏⵜⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴷⵉ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵕⵓⴱⴱⴰ ⵊⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ 2018 ⴷ 2021 , ⴰⵍ ⵎⵍⵎⵉ ⵜⵢⵓⵜⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵎⴰⵊⵊⴰⵔ ⴷⵉ ⴳⵯ ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⴷⵉ 2022. ⴷ ⵜⵉⵍⵎⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⴰⵍⵜⵓ ⵜⴰⵣⵖⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵉⵎⵓⵖⵔⴰⴼⵉⵜ , ⴰⴳ ⵉⴽⵔⵉⵏ ⴷⵉ ⵉⵎⵉⴹⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵙ ⴰⵎⴰⵥⴰⵢ , ⵣⵉ ⵉⵎⵉⴹⵏ ⵉⵛⴰⵏ 9.009.018 ⴷⵉ ⴳⵯ ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1989 , ⴰⵍ ⵎⴰⵏ ⵉⵜⴰⵡⴹ ⵣⵉ 6.4 ⴰⴳⵏⴷⵉⴷ ⴷⵉ ⵡⴰⵙ. ⴱⵍⵖⴰⵔⵢⴰ ⴰⴳⵎⴰⵏ ⴷⵉ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵕⵓⴱⴱⴰ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵓⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⵟⵍⴰⵏⵜⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵥⵥⵍⵎⴹ ⴷ ⴰⵙⴳⴳⴰⵡⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵔⵓⴱⴱⴰ. ⴰⴳⵎⴰⵏ ⴷ ⴰⵖⵙⵓⵔ ⴷⵉ ⴰⵏⴳⵎⴰⵎ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵖⵍⵉⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵔⵓⴱⴱⴰ , ⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⵔⵙ ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵉⵡⵔ ⴷⵉ ⴰⵙⴳⴳⴰⵡⵔ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵖⵍⵉⵙⵜ ⴰⵏⴹⴼⵓⵕ ⵉ ⵜⴰⵎⵜⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉⵜ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⵍⵜⵉⵏ

ⴰⵛⵏⵢⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵡⵓⵏⴽⵜ ⴱⵍⵖⴰⵔⵢⴰ
## ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ