Rikunarita-ORG/Wikinium huggingface dataset:
# ⴼⴰⵙ

ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵎⵉⵍⵏ ⴳⵓⵎⵏⵉⵏ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⵎⵉⵍⵏ ⴷ ⵢⵓⵙⴰⵏ.

 ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⴳⵓⵎⵏⵉⵏ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ.

 ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵙⵓⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵓⴷ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⴽⵉⵎ 250 ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ. ⵜⵥⴹⴰⵕⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵡⵙⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ.

| **ⴼⴰⵙ**
 |
| --- |
| **Fès - Fez** (ⴼⵕ)
 |
| ⴰⵛⵏⵢⴰⵍ |
| ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵣⴰⵢⴽⵓⵜ ⵏ ⴼⴰⵙ |
| **ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵙⵓⴳⵓⵔⵜ** |
| **ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ** |  ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ
 |
| **ⵜⴰⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ** | ⴼⴰⵙ ⵎⴽⵏⴰⵙ
 |
| **ⵜⴰⵎⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ** | ⴼⴰⵙ
 |
| **ⵜⴰⵔⴰⵖⵔⴼⵜ** |
| **ⴰⵙⵎⵖⵔⴼ** | ⵉⴼⴰⵙⵉⵢⵏ
 |
| **ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖ** | 1.150.131 (2014) |
| **ⵜⴰⵏⵥⵥⵉ** | 2.713/ⴽⵎ²
 |
| **ⵡⴰⵢⵢⴰⴹ** |
| **ⵉⵏⵉⴳⵍ ⴰⵙⵡⴰⵢ** | 30000
 |
| **ⵉⵏⵉⴳⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵢⴰⵡⴰⴹ** | +212
 |
| **ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⴰⴷⵖⵔⴰⵏ** | UTC±00:00 • UTC±01:00
 |
| **ⴰⵏⵙⴰ ⵏ ⵡⵉⴱ** | ⴼⴰⵙ
 |
| **ⵜⴰⵔⴰⴽⴰⵍⵜ** |
| **ⴰⵎⵙⵉⴷⴳ** | 34°03′00″N, 4°58′59″W
 |
| **ⵜⴰⵊⵓⵎⵎⴰ** | 424ⴽⵎ²
 |
| **ⵜⴰⵜⵜⵓⵢⵜ** | 579ⵎ
 |
| **ⵜⴰⴽⴰⵕⴹⴰ** |
|  |
|  34.03900468, -5.01594543
 |

**ⴼⴰⵙ** (ⵙ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ: *فاس*, ⵙ ⵜⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ: *Fès/Fez*) ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵙⵜⴰⵡⵀⵎⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ. ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵜⴰⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵏ ⴼⴰⵙ ⵎⴽⵏⴰⵙ ⵖ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ ⴰⴳⵎⵓⴹⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ, ⵜⴰⴳⴳⵓⴳ ⴼ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵥⵓⵏⵜ ⵕⵕⴱⴰⵟ ⵙ 180ⴽⵎ ⵖ ⵓⴳⵎⵓⴹ ⴳⵔ ⵉⴷⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵔⵔⵉⴼ ⴷ ⵡⴰⵟⵍⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ. ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵥⵓⵏⵜ ⵖ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵎⴰⵣ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴳⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵖⵉⵍⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵥⵓⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵏⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ. ⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⵏⵏⵉⴳ ⵏ 4.216.957 ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖ.

## ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ

ⵉⵚⵓⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⴷⵔⵉⵙⵙ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵇⴱⵉⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵡⵔⴰⴱⴰ ,ⴷ ⵜⴽⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵥⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵍⴷⴰⵢ ⵜⵉⵎⵖⵔⴰⴱⵉⵏ.

## ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵍⵍⴰⵢⵜ

ⵜⴳⴰ ⴼⴰⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵛⵛⴰⵕⵏ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵢⴷⴰ ⴰⴽⵎⴰⵎ ⴷ ⵓⵔⴽⵎⴰⵎ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵖⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵍⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵙⵍⴰⵡⵏⴰ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⵜⴰⵣⴰⵢⴽⵓⵜ, ⴰⵔ ⴷ ⵜⵜⴰⵛⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵍⴰⵢⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ.

ⵜⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵇⴰⵔⴰⵡⵉⵢⵉⵏ
ⵜⴰⵡⵡⵓⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵣⴰⵢⴽⵓⵜ
ⴱⵓⵊⵍⵓⴷ ⴰⵏⵙⴰ ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴼⴰⵙ
## ⵜⴰⴷⵎⵙⴰ

ⵜⵉⴳⵎⵉⴹⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙⵏ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉ : 52.0%
ⵜⵉⴳⵎⵉⴹⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵔⵡⵓⵔⵉ (ⵎⵉⴷⴷⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵟⵟⴰⴼⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵓⵔⵉ) : 23.4%
ⵜⵉⴳⵎⵉⴹⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵍⵎⵅⵣⵏ (ⵏⵖ ⴽⴰⵏⵜⵉⵏ ⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⴳⵉⵙ) : 5.8%
ⵜⵉⴳⵎⵉⴹⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⵍⵉⴳ (ⵏⵖ ⴽⴰⵏⵜⵉⵏ ⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⴳⵉⵙ) : 55.6%

## ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ
# ⵉⴷⴰ ⵓⴳⵕⴹ

ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵎⵉⵍⵏ ⴳⵓⵎⵏⵉⵏ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⵎⵉⵍⵏ ⴷ ⵢⵓⵙⴰⵏ.

 ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⴳⵓⵎⵏⵉⵏ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ.

 ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵙⵓⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵓⴷ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⴽⵉⵎ 250 ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ. ⵜⵥⴹⴰⵕⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵡⵙⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ.

| ⵉⴷⴰ ⵓⴳⵕⴹ
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| --- |
| ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵔⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴰⴳⵕⴹ
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| ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⴰⴳⵕⴹ |
|

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| ⵜⵉⴱⴹⵉ ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵙⵓⴳⵓⵔⵜ
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| ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ | ⵍⵎⴰⵖⵔⵉⴱ |
| ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ
 |
|   • ⴰⵎⴹⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵣⴷⵓⵖⵉⵏ | 3357 |
| ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ
 |
| ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ | ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ |
| ⵉⵏⵉⴳⵍ ⴰⵊⵢⵓⴳⵕⴰⴼⵉ | 6545442  |
| Wikimedia | © OpenStreetMap |
| ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ - ⵙⵏⴼⵍ   |

**ⵉⴷⴰ ⵓⴳⵕⴹ** ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴳⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵎⵓⴳⴰⴷⵓⵔ, ⵜⴳⴰ ⴰⵡⴷ ⴰⵙⵙⴰⵖ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵉⵇⴱⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵃⴰⵃⴰⵏ .
**ⵉⴷⴰ ⵓⴳⵕⴹ** ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵉⴹⴼⵓⵕⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵎⵓⴳⴰⴷⵓⵔ, ⵜⴰⴳⵓⴳ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⵙ 25 ⴽⵎ, ⵙⴳ ⵜⵉⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ 20 ⵜⵙⵙⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⴳ ⵓⵥⴽⴽⴰ. ⵜⴱⴷⴷ ⵜⴰⴷⵎⵙⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵅⴼ ⵜⴼⵍⵍⴰⵃⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵙⴱⴱⴰⴱⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵎⴰⵍⵍⴰⵢⵜ, ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵏⴱⴳⵉ ⴷ ⵓⴼⵔⴰ ⴷ ⵓⴼⵔⴰⴳ ⵅⴼ ⵜⵎⵢⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ.ⵉⵣⴷⴰⵖ ⴳⵉⵙ 3357 ⵏ ⵓⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖ, ⵜⵓⴳⵜ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵙⵡⵡⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴼⵍⵍⴰⵃⵜ ⴷ ⵉⴳⵔ ⵓⵙⵍⵉⴳ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵙⴱⴱⴰⴱⵜ . ⵜⵓⴳⵜ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ.

## ⵜⵉⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ

* ⵜⵉⵎⵣⴳⵉⴷⴰ ⴳ ⵓⴳⴰⴷⴰⵣ.jpg
* ⴰⵎⵥⵕⵉ ⴳ ⵜⴳⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⴰⴳⵕⴹ.jpg
* ⴰⴳⵕⴹ.jpg
* ⴰⴳⴰⴷⴰⵣ ⵏ ⴰⴳⵕⴹ.jpg
* ⴰⴳⵕⴹ.jpg
**ⵉⵡⵍⴰⴼⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⴳⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⴰⴳⵕⴹ**

## ⵜⴰⴷⵎⵙⴰ

ⵜⴱⴷⴷ ⵜⴷⵎⵙⴰ ⴳ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵅⴼ ⵜⵉⵍⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵍⵍⴰⵃⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⴱⴱⴰⴱⵜ, ⵜⵓⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵏ ⴷⴰⵔⵙⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ 52%, ⴷ 18% ⴳ ⵉⴳⵔ ⵓⵙⵍⵉⴳ, ⴷ ⵓⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ 22% ⴱⴷⴷⵏ ⵅⴼ ⵜⵡⵉⵣⵉ ⵜⴰⵡⵊⴰⵡⴰⵏⵜ [1].

## ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ

* ⴰⵇⵕⵎⵓⴷ
* ⵍⵃⵏⵛⴰⵏ

## ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ
# ⵉⴷⴰ ⵓⴳⵕⴹ

ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵎⵉⵍⵏ ⴳⵓⵎⵏⵉⵏ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⵎⵉⵍⵏ ⴷ ⵢⵓⵙⴰⵏ.

 ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⴳⵓⵎⵏⵉⵏ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ.

 ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵙⵓⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵓⴷ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⴽⵉⵎ 250 ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ. ⵜⵥⴹⴰⵕⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵡⵙⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ.

| ⵉⴷⴰ ⵓⴳⵕⴹ
 |
| --- |
| ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵔⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴰⴳⵕⴹ
 |
| ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⴰⴳⵕⴹ |
|

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| ⵜⵉⴱⴹⵉ ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵙⵓⴳⵓⵔⵜ
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| ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ | ⵍⵎⴰⵖⵔⵉⴱ |
| ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ
 |
|   • ⴰⵎⴹⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵣⴷⵓⵖⵉⵏ | 3357 |
| ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ
 |
| ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ | ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ |
| ⵉⵏⵉⴳⵍ ⴰⵊⵢⵓⴳⵕⴰⴼⵉ | 6545442  |
|  |
| ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ - ⵙⵏⴼⵍ   |

**ⵉⴷⴰ ⵓⴳⵕⴹ** ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴳⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵎⵓⴳⴰⴷⵓⵔ, ⵜⴳⴰ ⴰⵡⴷ ⴰⵙⵙⴰⵖ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵉⵇⴱⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵃⴰⵃⴰⵏ .
**ⵉⴷⴰ ⵓⴳⵕⴹ** ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵉⴹⴼⵓⵕⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵎⵓⴳⴰⴷⵓⵔ, ⵜⴰⴳⵓⴳ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⵙ 25 ⴽⵎ, ⵙⴳ ⵜⵉⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ 20 ⵜⵙⵙⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⴳ ⵓⵥⴽⴽⴰ. ⵜⴱⴷⴷ ⵜⴰⴷⵎⵙⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵅⴼ ⵜⴼⵍⵍⴰⵃⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵙⴱⴱⴰⴱⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵎⴰⵍⵍⴰⵢⵜ, ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵏⴱⴳⵉ ⴷ ⵓⴼⵔⴰ ⴷ ⵓⴼⵔⴰⴳ ⵅⴼ ⵜⵎⵢⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ.ⵉⵣⴷⴰⵖ ⴳⵉⵙ 3357 ⵏ ⵓⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖ, ⵜⵓⴳⵜ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵙⵡⵡⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴼⵍⵍⴰⵃⵜ ⴷ ⵉⴳⵔ ⵓⵙⵍⵉⴳ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵙⴱⴱⴰⴱⵜ . ⵜⵓⴳⵜ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ.

## ⵜⵉⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ

* ⵜⵉⵎⵣⴳⵉⴷⴰ ⴳ ⵓⴳⴰⴷⴰⵣ.jpg
* ⴰⵎⵥⵕⵉ ⴳ ⵜⴳⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⴰⴳⵕⴹ.jpg
* ⴰⴳⵕⴹ.jpg
* ⴰⴳⴰⴷⴰⵣ ⵏ ⴰⴳⵕⴹ.jpg
* ⴰⴳⵕⴹ.jpg
**ⵉⵡⵍⴰⴼⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⴳⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⴰⴳⵕⴹ**

## ⵜⴰⴷⵎⵙⴰ

ⵜⴱⴷⴷ ⵜⴷⵎⵙⴰ ⴳ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵅⴼ ⵜⵉⵍⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵍⵍⴰⵃⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⴱⴱⴰⴱⵜ, ⵜⵓⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵏ ⴷⴰⵔⵙⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ 52%, ⴷ 18% ⴳ ⵉⴳⵔ ⵓⵙⵍⵉⴳ, ⴷ ⵓⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ 22% ⴱⴷⴷⵏ ⵅⴼ ⵜⵡⵉⵣⵉ ⵜⴰⵡⵊⴰⵡⴰⵏⵜ [1].

## ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ

* ⴰⵇⵕⵎⵓⴷ
* ⵍⵃⵏⵛⴰⵏ

## ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ
# ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⴰⴱⵍⴽⴰⵎ

| atomic number |
| --- |
|  |
|  |
| ⴰⴷⵓⵙⵎⵉⵍ ⵏ | number of entities, physical quantity  |
| ISQ dimension |  WIKINIUM\_MATH\_PH\_0   |
| Quantity symbol (LaTeX) |  WIKINIUM\_MATH\_PH\_2   |
| Characteristic of | ⴰⴼⵔⴷⵉⵙ ⴰⴽⵔⵓⵔⴰⵏ  |
| Recommended unit of measurement | 1  |
| Counts | proton  |
|  |
| ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ - ⵙⵏⴼⵍ - ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ |

**ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⴰⴱⵍⴽⴰⵎ(Atomic Number) ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⴰⴱⵍⴽⴰⵎ **(ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵜ: Z)** ⵏ ⵓⴱⵍⴽⵉⵎ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⵎⴽⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴱⵔⵓⵜⵓⵏⵏ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵡⵓⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵍⴽⵉⵎ. ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⴰⴱⵍⴽⴰⵎ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵎⴰⵏ ⴰⴼⵔⴷⵉⵙ ⴰⴽⵉⵎⵢⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ. ⴳ ⵓⴱⵍⴽⵉⵎ ⵓⵏⵙⵉⴱ (neutral), ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⴰⴱⵍⴽⴰⵎ ⵉⴳⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⵎⴽⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵍⵉⴽⵜⵔⵓⵏⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⴼⵔⵓⵔⵓⵏ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵍ. ⵉⴼⵔⴷⵉⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵍⵡⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵡⵔⴰⵔⵜ (periodic table) ⵜⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⵜⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⵢⴰⴹⴼⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⴰⴱⵍⴽⴰⵎ.

## ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⴰⴱⵍⴽⴰⵎ ⵓⵔ ⵉⴳⴷⴰ ⴷ:

**ⵜⴰⴷⴰⴷⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⴱⵍⴽⴰⵎⵜ (atomic mass):** ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⴷⴰⴷⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⴰⴱⵍⴽⵉⵎ.

**ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴷⴰⴷⵉⵜ (mass number):** ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵉⵎⵔⵏⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴱⵔⵓⵜⵓⵏⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵏⵓⵜⵔⵓⵏⵏ ⴳ ⵡⵓⵍ.

**ⵜⴰⴷⴰⴷⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⴱⵍⴽⴰⵎⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵙⴰⵙⴰⵜ (relative atomic mass):** ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⴼⵙⵏⴰ (ratio) ⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⵔⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴷⴰⴷⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴷⵉⵙ ⵖⵔ 1/12 ⵙⴳ ⵜⴷⴰⴷⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵍⴽⵉⵎ ⵏ ⵍⴽⴰⵔⴱⵓⵏ-12.

ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⴰⴱⵍⴽⴰⵎ ⴳ ⵜⴼⵍⵡⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵡⵔⴰⵔⵜ ⵉⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ ⴷ ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴱⵔⵓⵜⵓⵏⵏ. ⴽⵓ ⵏⵔⵏⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴱⵔⵓⵜⵓⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏ, ⴰⴼⵔⴷⵉⵙ ⴰⵢⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⴱⴷⴷⴰⵍ. ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵓⵔ ⵉⴳⵉ ⴰⵎⵏⵏⴰ ⴽⵓ ⵏⵔⵏⴰ ⴰⵏⵓⵜⵔⵓⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵉⵍⵉⴽﺘⵔⵓⵏ. ⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵉⵍⵉⴽⵔⵓⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⴽⴽⴰ ⵉ ⵓⴱⵍⴽⵉⵎ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵥⵉⴹⴰⵔⵜ (charge) ⵜⵓⵣⴷⵉⵔⵜ **(-)**, ⴰⴽⴽⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⴰⵥⵉⴹⴰⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰⵜ **(+)**. ⵉⵣⵓⵣⵣⴰⵍ (Metals) ⴰⵔ ⵙⵔⵓⵖⵓⴷⵏ ⵉⵍⵉⴽⵔⵓⵏⵏ, ⵎⴰ ⵢⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ ⵜⴰⵥⵉⴹⴰⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰⵜ.

ⵉⵔⴼⵔⴷⵉⵙⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵉⴳⵉⵏ ⵓⵣⵣⴰⵍ (Non-metals) ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⵎⵥⵏ ⵉⵍⵉⴽⵓⵏⵏ. ⵉⵍⵉⴽﺘⵔⵓⵏⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴽⴽⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵢⴰⴳⴳⴰ ⴳⵔ ⵉⴱⵍⴽⵉⵎⵏ. ⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵏⵖ ⴰⴽⴽⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵏⵓⵜⵔⵓⵏⵏ ⴳ ⵓⴱⵍⴽⵉⵎ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴱⴷⴷⵉⵍ ⵜⴰⵙⴰⵔⴽⵜ *(isotope)* ⵏⵏⵙ. ⴰⵎⴷⵢⴰ: ⵍⴽⴰⵔⴱⵓⵏ-12 ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⴰⵔⴽⵜ ⵜⴰⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵍⴽⴰⵔⴱⵓⵏ. ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⴽⵓ ⵏⵔⵏⴰ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵏⵓⵜⵔⵓⵏⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏ, ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵍⴽⴰⵔⴱⵓⵏ-14, ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⴰⵔⴽⵜ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳⵏ. ⵜⴰⵙⵎⴽⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵏⵓⵜⵔ ⵜⵜⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵡⴰⴽⴽⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⴰⴱⵍⴽⴰⵎ ⵙⴳ ⵜⴷⴰⴷⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⴱⵍⴽⴰⵎت. ⴰⵎⴷⵢⴰ: ⵓⴽⵙⵉⵊⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ 8 ⵏ ⵉⴱⵔⵓⵜⵓⵏⵏ. ⴽⵓ ⵏⵓⴼⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴷⵉⵙ ⵓⵔ ⵏⵙⵙⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ 8 ⵏ ⵉⴱⵔⵓⵜⵓⵏⵏ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⵓⴽⵙⵉⵊⵉⵏ. ⴽⵓ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ 9 ⵏ ⵉⴱرⵓⵜⵓⵏⵏ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⴳⵉ ⵓⴽⵙⵉⵊⵉⵏ. ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵉⵣⵎⵔ ⵓⴽⵙⵉⵊⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ 9 ⵏ ⵉⵏⵓⵜⵔⵓⵏⵏ, ⴷⵉⵏⵏⵉ ⴰⵔ ⴰⵙ ⵏⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵙⴰⵔⴽⵜ *(isotope)*.

## ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ
# ⴰⵎⴰⵏ

ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵎⵉⵍⵏ ⴳⵓⵎⵏⵉⵏ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⵎⵉⵍⵏ ⴷ ⵢⵓⵙⴰⵏ.

 ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⴳⵓⵎⵏⵉⵏ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ.

 ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵙⵓⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵓⴷ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⴽⵉⵎ 250 ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ. ⵜⵥⴹⴰⵕⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵡⵙⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ.

| ⴰⵎⴰⵏ |
| --- |
|  |
| type of chemical entity |
| ⴰⴷⵓⵙⵎⵉⵍ ⵏ | oxide, dihydrogen chalcogenide  |
| Has use | nuclear reactor coolant, hydroponics, refrigerant, potential energy  |
| Name in kana | みず  |
| ⵜⴰⵥⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵙⵉⵙ ⵉⵏⵏⵣⴳⵎⵏ | water science  |
| Conjugate acid | hydronium  |
| Conjugate base | hydroxide ion  |
| Chemical formula | H₂O  |
| Canonical SMILES | O  |
| Phase point | triple point, critical point  |
| Safety classification and labelling | Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008, NFPA 704: Standard System for the Identification of the Hazards of Materials for Emergency Response  |
| Hashtag | water  |
| Subject has role | natural resource, primary metabolite  |
| ⴰⴷⵔⵉⵣ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵏⵉⴳⵍⵎⵢⴰⵏ | 💧, 🚰, 🚱  |
| ⵜⴰⵍⴳⴰⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴷⵉⵙ ⴰ | Q35587366  |
|  |
| ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ - ⵙⵏⴼⵍ - ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ |

ⴰⵎⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⵙⵉ
**ⴰⵎⴰⵏ**  (ⵜⴰⵍⵖⴰ ⵜⴰⴽⵔⵓⵔⴰⵏⵜ: **H2O**) ⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴷⵉⵙ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵖⴼ ⵜⴱⵉⴷⴷ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ, ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⴷⴷⵔⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ, ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴼⴽⴽⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵜⴳⵎⵉⴹⵉ ⵏ 65 %, ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⵥⵢⴰⵏⵏ 75 %, ⴷⴰⵔ ⵡⴰⵔⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵢⵢⵉⵔⵏ 95 %. ⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⵉⴳⴳⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵙ ⵜⴳⵎⵉⴹⵉ ⵏ 70 %, ⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⴳⵉⵙ 97 % ⵏ ⵡⴰⵎⴰⵏ ⵎⴰⵔⵖⵏⵉⵏ ⴷ 3 % ⵏ ⵡⵉⴷ ⵎⵎⵉⵎⵏⵉⵏ. ⴳ ⵜⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴽⵔⵓⵔⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵏⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⵖⴼ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⴼⵔⴷⵉⵙⵏ ⵉⴽⵔⵓⵔⴰⵏⵏ, ⴰⵀⵉⴷⵔⵓⵊⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵓⴽⴰⵔⴱⵓⵏ, ⵎⴰⵛ ⵡⵉⴷ ⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⵏ ⵖⵓⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⵓⵔ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵜⵏ ⵉⵙⵙⵕⵉⵥⵏ.

## ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ
# ⵜⵉⵟⵟ

ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵖⵓⵏⵏ ⵉⴳⵏⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⴳⵓⵎⵏⵉⵏ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⵖⵓⵏⵏ ⵉⴳⵏⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ.

 ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⴳⵓⵎⵏⵉⵏ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ.

 ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵙⵓⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵓⴷ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⴽⵉⵎ 250 ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ. ⵜⵥⴹⴰⵕⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵡⵙⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ.
**ⵜⵉⵟⵟ** ⴷ ⴰⴳⵎⴰⵎ ⵏ ⵉⵥⵔⵉ.

## ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ

* **ⴰⵙⴳⵣⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⵏ ⴰⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ(ⵙ.ⴳ.ⵙ.ⵎ) :** ⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢ ⴰⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ (ⵎ.ⵎ.ⵙ.ⵎ)
# 11 ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ

ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⴳⵓⵎⵏⵉⵏ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ.

 ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵙⵓⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵓⴷ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⴽⵉⵎ 250 ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ. ⵜⵥⴹⴰⵕⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵡⵙⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ.

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| **11 ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ** |
| **June 11** (ⵜⴰⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣⵜ)
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| **11 ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵎⵍⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ (2023)** |
| ⴰⵙⴰⵎ
 | ⴰⵢⵏ
 | ⴰⵙⵉⵏ
 | ⴰⴽⵔ
 | ⴰⴽⵡ
 | ⴰⵙⵉⵎ
 | ⴰⵙⵉⴹ
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| **← 10 ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ12 ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ→** |

**11 ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ** (ⵙ ⵜⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣⵜ: *June 11*) ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵙⵙ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ "ⵢⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ" ⴳ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ (ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ) ⴳ ⵓⵙⵎⵍⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⴳⵔⵉⴳⵓⵔ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⴰⵙ ⵜⵜⵖⴰⵎⴰ 203 ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵙ ⵢ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ.

## ⵜⵉⵎⵙⴰⵔⵉⵏ

* **1936:ⵜⴰⵙⴰⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏⵜ** ⴰⵙⵏⵜⵜⵉ ⵏ **ⵓⵙⵍⴰⴳ** ⴳ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵉⴷⵖⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴳⵓⵔⵉ ⵏ ⴼⵓⵙⴼⴰⵟ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ: **ⵜⴰⴷⴷⴰⵔⵜ ⵜⵓⵎⵍⵉⵍⵜ, ⵅⵔⵉⴱⴳⴰ, ⵍⵢⵓⵙⵓⴼⵉⵢⴰ ⴼⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵢⵢⴰⴹ.**

## ⵉⵍⵉⵍⵉⵜⵏ

* **ⵡⴰⵍⵉⴷ ⴰⵥⴰⵕⵓ1995:** ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴰⵎⵓⵔⴰⵔ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ **ⵡⴰⵍⵉⴷ ⴰⵥⴰⵕⵓ** ⴳ ⵢⵉⵖⵔ ⵏ ⴰⵢⵜ ⵎⵍⵍⵓⵍ.

## ⵉⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵏ

* **1777:** ⵜⴰⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ **ⴰⵃⵎⴷ ⴱⵏ ⵎⵀⴷⵉ ⵍⵖⵣⴰⵍ** ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⴰⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ **ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵓ ⵄⴰⴱⴷⵉⵍⵍⴰⵀ. **2011:** ⵜⴰⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⴳⵎⴰⵎⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵉⵣⵏⵣⴰⵔⵏ **ⴰⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕ ⵍⵃⵙⵏ ⴱⵓⴼⵔⵜⴰⵍ.**

## ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ

## ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ
# ⴰⴽⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ 2026

ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⴳⵓⵎⵏⵉⵏ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ.

 ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵙⵓⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵓⴷ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⴽⵉⵎ 250 ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ. ⵜⵥⴹⴰⵕⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵡⵙⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ.

| ⴰⴽⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ 2026 |
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| ⵉⵎⵉⵔ ⴰⵎⴰⵏⵓⵏ |
| ⵉⵎⵉⵔ ⴰⵎⴰⵏⵓⵏ ⵏ | ⴰⴽⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵛⴰⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ ⵏ ⴼⵉⴼⴰ  |
| ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵣⵉⵣⵡⵣ | ⵜⴰⵛⴰⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵉⵔⴳⴰⵣⵏ  |
| ⵜⵓⵏⵏⵓⵏⵜ | ⵜⴰⵛⴰⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵔ  |
| ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ | ⵎⵉⴽⵙⵉⴽ, ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ, ⴽⴰⵏⴰⴷⴰ  |
| ⵉⵣⵡⴰⵔ ⵜ | ⴰⴽⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ 2022  |
| ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⵜ | ⴰⴽⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ 2030  |
| ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵏⵖⵉⵍⵜ | 23  |
| ⴰⵎⵣⵓⵣⵣⵔ | Oneplay, Fox Sports, Bell Media, Hellenic Broadcasting Corporation, Turkish Radio and Television Corporation  |
| ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ | 2026  |
| ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴷⴷⵎⴰ | 11 ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ 2026  |
| ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⴰ | 19 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ 2026  |
| ⴰⵎⵙⵓⴷⵙ | ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵖⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵛⴰⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ, Bay Area Host Commitee  |
| ⵉⵎⴷⵔⴰⵡⵏ | Curaçao at the 2026 FIFA World Cup, South Korea at the 2026 FIFA World Cup  |
| ⴰⵏⵙⴰ ⵏ ⵡⵉⴱ ⵓⵏⵚⵉⴱ |   |
| ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵖⵓⵏ |   |
| ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵥⵍⴰ ⵙ | 2026 FIFA World Cup broadcasting rights  |
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| ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ - ⵙⵏⴼⵍ - ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ |

**ⴰⴽⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ 2026** ⴷ ⵜⴰⴱⵔⵣⴰ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ 24 ⵙⴳ ⵜⴱⵔⵣⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴽⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵛⴰⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵙⴹⵎⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵔⴳⴰⵣⵏ, ⵔⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵓⵎⴰⵍⵓ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵖⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵛⴰⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ (ⴼⵉⴼⴰ/FIFA) ⴳ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵔⵉⴽⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ, ⴰⴷ ⵜⵏⵜ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴷ ⴽⴰⵏⴰⴷⴰ, ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⴷ ⵎⵉⴽⵙⵉⴽ, ⵙⴳ ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ ⴰⵔ 19 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ 2026. ⵜⴰⴱⵔⵣⴰ ⴰⴷ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵖⵓⵔ ⴽⵕⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴽⴽⵍⵜ.

ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵓⵏⵖⵉⵍⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⴳ ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ 48 ⵏ ⵜⵙⴹⵎⵉⵡⵉⵏ. ⵉⵏⵔⴰ ⵓⵙⴷⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵔⵉⴽⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⴳ ⵉⵙⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵉⵎⴳⴳⵓⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵡⵉⵔ (ⴰⵏⵎⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ) ⵏ ⴼⵉⴼⴰ ⴳ ⵎⵓⵙⴽⵓ. ⵔⴰⴷ ⵜⴳ ⵜⵓⵏⵖⵉⵍⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰⵏ ⵙⵖⵓⵔ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵡⵜ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵙⴳ 2002.

## ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ
# ⵎⵉⴽⵙⵉⴽ

ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⴳⵓⵎⵏⵉⵏ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ.

 ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵙⵓⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵓⴷ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⴽⵉⵎ 250 ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ. ⵜⵥⴹⴰⵕⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵡⵙⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ.
ⴰⵛⵏⵢⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ
ⵜⴰⴽⵔⵟⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ
"ⵜⵉⵡⵉⵏⴰⴽ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵎⵉⴽⵙⵉⴽ" (ⵙ ⵜⵙⴱⵍⵢⵓⵏⵉⵜ: Estados Unidos Mexicanos) ⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵙ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⵎⵉⴽⵙⵉⴽ (ⵙ ⵜⵙⴱⵍⵢⵓⵏⵉⵜ: México) ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵉⴷⵉⵔⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⴼⴰⵏⵜ. ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵡⵜⵜⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ ⵜⵉⵡⵉⵏⴰⴽ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ (ⵎⴰⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏ) , ⵙⴳ ⵓⵏⵥⵓⵍ ⴷ ⵓⵜⴰⵔⴰⵎ ⴰⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⵎⵍⵡⵉ , ⴳ ⵓⵏⵥⵓⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵎⵓⴹ ⴳⵡⴰⵜⵉⵎⴰⵍⴰ ⴷ ⴱⵉⵍⵉⵣ ⴷ ⵢⵉⵍⵍ ⴰⴽⴰⵔⵉⴱⵉ ⴳ ⵓⴳⵎⵓⴹ ⵜⴰⵎⴷⴰ ⵏ ⵎⵉⴽⵙⵉⴽ. ⵜⵉⵡⴹ ⵜⵊⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵏⵏⵉⴳ ⵏ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵎⵍⵢⵓⵏⵏ ⵏ ⴽⵉⵍⵓⵎⵉⵜⵔ ⴰⵎⴽⴽⵓⵥ، ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵇⵇⵔⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵊⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵎⵏⵥⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⵜ , ⴷ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹⵜ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵊⴰⵔ ⵜⵉⵎⵓⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⵎⴰⵕⵕ. ⵢⵉⵡⴹ ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵓⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ 112 ⵎⵍⵢⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ , ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵙⴽⴼⵍⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵎⵓⵖ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⴷⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ . ⵎⵉⴽⵙⵉⴽ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴷⴳⵙ 31 ⵏ ⵜⵡⵏⴽⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵉⴷⵉⵔⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵥⵓⵏⵜ .
ⴷⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ 2009 ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⴷⴰⵎⵙⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⴷⵉ ⵜⵉⵎⵓⵔⵔⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴷⴰⵎⵙⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏ ⵜⵉⵡⴹ ⵓⴳⴰⵔ 1482 ⵏ ⵎⵍⵢⴰⵔ ⵏ ⴷⵓⵍⴰⵔ ⴰⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉ (USD)

ⵎⵉⴽⵙⵉⴽⵓ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵇⵇⵔⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵉⴳⵔ ⴰⴷⴰⵎⵙⴰⵏ ⴷⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⵎⴰⵕⵕⴰ ، ⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⴰⴳⵎⴰⵎ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⵜ ⵜⴰⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏⵉⵜ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵎⴷⴷⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵢⴰⵡⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵏⴼⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⴰⵎⵙⴰⵏⵜ (ⵙⴳ ⴰⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ 1994 ) ⵜⵣⴷⵉ ⵜⴷⴰⵎⵙⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵓⴷⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴷⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵎⵜⴰⵡⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵣⵏⵣⵉ ⴰⴷⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵊⴰⵔ ⵜⵉⵎⵓⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⴼⴰⵏⵜ.

## ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|

|         ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ
 | ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ
 |
| --- | --- |
| 1805 | 5.700.000
 |
| 1842 | 7.000.000
 |
| 1880 | 9.600.000
 |
| 1895 | 12.632.000
 |
| 1900 | 13.607.000
 |
| 1910 | 15.160.000
 |
| 1921 | 14.335.000
 |
| 1930 | 16.553.000
 |
| 1940 | 19.654.000
 |
| 1948 | 24.461.000
 |

 |

|         ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ
 | ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ
 |
| --- | --- |
| 1950 | 26.282.000
 |
| 1955 | 30.557.000
 |
| 1960 | 34.994.000
 |
| 1965 | 41.284.000
 |
| 1970 | 50.695.000
 |
| 1975 | 60.145.000
 |
| 1990 | 81.250.000
 |
| 1996 | 93.182.000
 |
| 2000 | 100.350.000
 |
| 2006 | 108.700.000
 |
| 2008 | 109.960.000
 |

 |

## ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ
# ⴰⵢⵜ ⵎⵍⵍⵓⵍ

| ⴰⵢⵜ ⵎⵍⵍⵓⵍ |
| --- |
| **Ait Melloul** (ⴼⵕ) |
|  |
| ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴰⵢⵜ ⵎⵍⵍⵓⵍ |
| ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⴰⵢⵜ ⵎⵍⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ |
| ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵙⵓⴳⵓⵔⵜ |
| ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ |  ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ |
| ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ |
ⵙⵓⵙ ⵎⴰⵙⵙⵜ |
| ⵜⴰⵎⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ |
ⵉⵏⵣⴳⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵢⵜ ⵎⵍⵍⵓⵍ |
| ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ |
ⴰⵢⵜ ⵎⵍⵍⵓⵍ |
| ⵜⴰⵔⴰⵖⵔⴼⵜ |
| ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖ |
171,847 ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⵉⵖ (2014) |
| ⵜⴰⵡⵊⵉⵡⵉⵏ |
39,697 |
| ⵜⴰⵔⴰⴽⴰⵍⵜ |
| ⵜⴰⵊⵓⵎⵎⴰ |
40 Km² |
| ⵜⴰⵜⵜⵓⵢⵜ |
24 m |
|  |
|
30.334167, -9.497222 |

**ⴰⵢⵜ ⵎⵍⵍⵓⵍ** ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵙⵓⵙ ⵎⴰⵙⵙⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵏⵣⴳⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵢⵜ ⵎⵍⵍⵓⵍ. ⴰⵔ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵉⵣⵔⴰⵢ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵉⴼ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵡⵙⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵉⴼⴼⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜⵜ ⴰⵙⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵙⵓⵙ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴰⵙ ⵉⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ ⵉⵡⵜⵜⴰ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵏⵣⴳⴳⴰⵏ.

ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵍⵉⵃⵚⴰ ⵏ ⵎⵉⴷⴷⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2014 ⵎⴰⵙ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵣⴷⵖⵏ ⴳⵉⵙ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ 171,847 ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖ ⴷ 39,697 ⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵊⵉⵡⵉⵏ.

ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵏⵏ ⵜⴳⴰ ⴰⵢⵜ ⵎⵍⵍⵓⵍ ⵖⴰⵔ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⵡⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⵥⵥⵉⵢⵏ, ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ 1960 ⴰⵙ ⵜⴱⴷⴰ ⵉⵎⵉⴽ ⵙ ⵉⵎⵉⴽ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵍⵉ ⴰⵜⵉⴳ ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵉⵎⵖⵓⵔ ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉⵖ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵖⵉⵍⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵎⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵙⵜⴰⵡⵀⵎⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵙⵓⵙ.

## ⵜⴰⵊⵖⵔⴰⴼⵜ

ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⴰⵢⵜ ⵎⵍⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ ⵉⴼⴼⵓⵙ ⵏ ⴰⵙⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵙⵓⵙ ⴷ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵜⵓⵟⵟⵓⵜ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵔⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵣⴰⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵙⵓⵙ, ⵉⵊⴳⵉⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴼ ⵉⵍⵍ ⵉⴳⴰⵜ ⴳⵔ 20 ⴰⵔ 40 ⵎⵉⵜⵔⵓ.

## ⴰⵙⵏⵎⴽⵜⴰ

ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵓⵙⵉⴹⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2014 ⵎⴰⵙ:

### ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴷ

* ⵜⵉⴳⵎⵉⴹⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵇⵓⴱⴱⴰⵏⵉⵜ (ⵎⵉⴷⴷⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵙⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵜⴰⵔⴰⵏ) : 25,9%
* ⵜⵉⴳⵎⵉⴹⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵖⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⴷⵉ ⵏⵖⴷ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ : 16,9%

### ⵜⴰⴷⴰⵎⵙⴰ

* ⵜⵉⴳⵎⵉⴹⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙⵏ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉ : 47,7%
* ⵜⵉⴳⵎⵉⴹⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵔⵡⵓⵔⵉ (ⵎⵉⴷⴷⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵟⵟⴰⴼⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵓⵔⵉ) : 14,9%
* ⵜⵉⴳⵎⵉⴹⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵍⵎⵅⵣⵏ (ⵏⵖ ⴽⴰⵏⵜⵉⵏ ⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⴳⵉⵙ) : 8,5%
* ⵜⵉⴳⵎⵉⴹⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵍⵉⴳ (ⵏⵖ ⴽⴰⵏⵜⵉⵏ ⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⴳⵉⵙ) : 57,8%

## ⴰⴳⴰⵎⴰ

ⵜⴽⴽⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⴰⵢⵜ ⵎⵍⵍⵓⵍ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵖⴰ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵏ, ⵎⴰⵛ ⵍⵍⵉⵖ ⴷⴽⴽⵓⵜⵏ ⵜⵓⵚⴽⵉⵡⵉⵏ, ⵜⵖⴰⵎⴰⴷ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵖⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ 1000 ⵀⵉⴽⵜⴰⵔ ⵎⴰⵎⵓ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵖⵉⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴰⴷⵎⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵔⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⵙⵓⵙ ⵎⴰⵙⵙⵜ.

## ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ
# ⵉⵥⵏⵥⴰⵕⵏ

ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⴳⵓⵎⵏⵉⵏ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ.

| ⵉⵥⵏⵥⴰⵕⵏ |
| --- |
|  |
| ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵣⵣⵓⵍⵜ |
| ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵏⵓⵛⵛⴳ | 1972   |
|  |
| ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ - ⵙⵏⴼⵍ - ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ |

**ⵉⵥⵏⵥⴰⵕⵏ** ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ, ⴷ ⵜⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⴳ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵏⵎⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴼⵓⴳⵍⵉⵡⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵔⴰⴷ ⵜⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵔⵓⴱⴱⴰ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⴼⴽⴰ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵥⵓⵕⵉ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ.

## ⴰⴱⵔⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵥⵓⵕⵉ

ⴳ ⵢⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ (ⵉⴱⵉⵔⴱⵉⵔⵏ), ⵜⵉⵔⵎⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵉⵣⵏⵣⴰⵕⵏ ⵜⵍⴰ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵥⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ. ⵜⴱⵉⴷⴷ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⴰⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴰⵜⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵏⴼⵍⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⴳ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⴷⴼⴼⵉⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵣⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵃⵟⵟⵓ. ⵉⴳⴰ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ (ⴰⵙⵙⴰⵖ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⴳ ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ) ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵔⵡⵉⵍⵏ. ⴷⴰ ⵜⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵔⵉⵎⵜ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵏⵙⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⴷ ⴷⴰ ⵜⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴳⴳⵉⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴽⵛⵛⵓⵎ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵓⴽⵔⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴷ ⵢⵓⵛⴽⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵙⵡⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵙⵉⵡⵏ ⵉⵛⵛⴰⵔⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵎⴰⵅⵣⵉⵏ. ⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵅⵚⵚⴰ ⴰⵙⵏⴼⵍⵓⵍ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵡⵏⵏⵉ ⴰⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⴰⵏ (ⵏⵖ ⴰⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⴳ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡⵏ ⵉⵣⴰⵢⴽⵓⵜⵏ) ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵏⵙⵙⵉⵡⵍ ⵙⵡⴰ ⵅⴼ ⵓⵙⵙⵓⵜⵔ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵥⵓⵕ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵕⵡⵉ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵔⵜⵉⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ. ⴳ ⵓⵣⵎⵣ ⴰⴷ, ⵜⴱⵉⴷⴷ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴱⵔⵍⴰⵎⴰⵏⵉ (ⴰⵎⵎ ⵜⴱⵉⵜⵍⵙ) ⵓⵍⴰ ⵜⵉⵎⵖⵔⴰⴱⵉⵢⵏ (ⵏⴰⵙ ⵍⵊⵉⵡⴰⵏⵉ, ⵊⵉⵍ ⵊⵉⵍⴰⵍⴰ, ⴷ ⵡⵉⵢⵢⴰⴹ) ⵜⵉⴽⵍⵉ ⵏⵏⵙⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵙⵙⵏ ⵜⴰⴱⵓⵖⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ. ⵙ ⵓⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵉⵜⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕⵏ, ⴷⴰ ⵙⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏⵜ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵉⴼⵉⵏⴰⵖ, ⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⵓⵎⵣⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵎⵢⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵣⴰⵢⴽⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵏⵖⴷ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙⵏⵓⵎⵍⵏ ⵜⵉⴼⵉⵏⴰⵖ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵓⵜⴰ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴷ ⵢⵓⵛⴽⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵡⴰⵛⵓⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵡⴰⴳⵏ ⵉⵎⵖⵔⴰⴱⵉⵢⵏ.

ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⴳ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵡⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ 1960 ⵙⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵥⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵡⵊⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵖⵔⵎ, ⵉⴳⴰ Izenzaren ⵙⴳ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵣⵡⵓⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙⵏⴼⵍⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓⵏ ⴰⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ. ⴷⴼⴼⵉⵔ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵟⵟⴰⵚ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵉⵎⵢⴰⵏⴰⵡⵏ, ⵜⵍⴽⵎ ⵜⵙⵙⵓⵜⵍⵜ ⵏ 1974 ⵉ ⵓⵙⵏⵖⵎⵙ ⵏ ⵜⴽⴰⵙⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ. ⵙ ⵎⴰⵏⴰⵢⴰ, ⵜⴱⴷⴰ ⵜⵙⵓⵜⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵙⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ, ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵢⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵔⵉ ⴰⵎ: ⵡⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓⵏ (ⴰⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ), ⵡⴰ ⵣⵣⵉⵏ (ⵀⴰ ! ⵀⴰ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⵡⴹ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵎⴰⵙ "ⵜⴰⵏⴼⵔⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⴳ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⴷ ⵍⵇⴱⵍⵜ

ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵥⵍⴰⵢ ⵓⵎⵏⵣⴰⵖ ⴳ ⵉⵣⵏⵣⴰⵕⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵇⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏ ⵉⴷⴷⵓⵔⵏ:

ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜ ⵍⴱⵔⵉⵃ ⵉⴷⵔⵓⵙ ⵎⴰ ⵉⵙⴰⵍⴰ ⵉⵖ ⵉⵙⵍⵃ... ⵉⵊⵎⵉⵍⵏ

ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵡⴰⵍ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ.

ⴷ ⵓⵙⴼⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⵉⵛⵇⵇⴰⵏ:

ⵏⵜⵜⵖⵡⵉ ⵣⵓⵏⴷ ⵜⵜⵖⵡⵉ ⵜⵎⵎⵓⵔⵖⵉ ⵖ ⵉⴳⵏⵡⴰⵏ ⵉⴽⴽ ⵉⴽ ⴷ ⵍⵀⵉⴼ ⴰⴽⴰⵍ... ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⴷ.

ⵏⴽⴽⵉ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵎ ⵜⵉⵅⵅⴰⵎⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵉⴳⵏⵡⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵉⵔⴳⴳⵏ.

ⴷⴼⴼⵉⵔ 22 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵃⵢⵢⵍ, ⵉⴼⴼⵖ Iⵣⵏⵣⴰⵕⴰⵏ ⴳ 2012 ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵍⴱⵓⵎ ⴰⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴽⴰⵍ 'ⵜⵉⵔⴷ

ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵥⵍⴰⵢ ⵓⵎⵏⵣⴰⵖ ⴳ ⵉⵣⵏⵣⴰⵕⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵇⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏ ⵉⴷⴷⵓⵔⵏ:

ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜ ⵍⴱⵉⵃ ⵉⴷⵔⵓⵙ ⵎⴰ ⵉⵙⴰⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵉⵖ ⵉⵚⵍⵃ... ⵉⵊⵎⵉⵍⵏ

ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵡⴰⵍ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ.

ⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵏⵣⴰⵔⵏ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜ ⵄⴰⴱⴷⵍⵀⴰⴷⵉⴷ ⵓⵙⴼⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⵉⵛⵇⵇⴰⵏ:

ⵏⵜⵜⵖⵡⵉ ⵣⵓⵏⴷ ⵜⵜⵖⵡⵉ ⵜⵎⵎⵓⵔⵖⵉ ⵖ ⵉⴳⵏⵡⴰⵏ ⵉⴽⴽ ⵉⴽ ⴷ ⵍⵀⵉⴼ ⴰⴽⴰⵍ... ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⴷ.

ⵏⴽⴽⵉ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵎ ⵜⵉⵅⵅⴰⵎⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵉⴳⵏⵡⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵉⵔⴳⴳⵏ.

ⴷⴼⴼⵉⵔ 22 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵃⵢⵢⵍ, ⵉⴼⴼⵖ Iⵣⵏⵣⴰⵕⴰⵏ ⴳ 2012 ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵍⴱⵓⵎ ⴰⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴽⴰⵍ 'ⵜⵉⵔⴷ

## ⵜⴰⴷⵉⵙⴽⵓⴳⵕⴰⴼⵉⵜ

* *ⵉⵎⵎⵉ ⵃⵏⵏⴰ*
* *ⵣⵣⵉⵏ*
* *ⵡⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓⵏ*
* *ⴰⵍⴳⵎⴰⴹ*
* *ⵜⵉⵍⵍⴰⵙ*
* *ⵉⵥⵉⵍⵍⵉⴹ*

## ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ

* ⵄⴱⴷ ⵍⵀⴰⴷⵉ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜ
* ⵎⵛⵟⴰⴼⴰ ⵛⵛⴰⵟⵕ
* ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⴱⵕⴰⵀⵉⵎ ⵟⵟⴰⵍⴱⵉ
* ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴱⵉⵔⵉ
* ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵍⵃⴰⵏⴰⴼⵉ
* ⵄⴱⴷ ⵍⵄⵣⵄⵣ ⵛⵛⴰⵎⵅ
* ⵍⵃⵙⵏ ⴱⵓⴼⵔⵜⵍ

## ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ
# ⵍⵃⵙⵏ ⴱⵓⴼⵔⵜⵍ

ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵎⵉⵍⵏ ⴳⵓⵎⵏⵉⵏ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⵎⵉⵍⵏ ⴷ ⵢⵓⵙⴰⵏ.

 ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⴳⵓⵎⵏⵉⵏ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ.

 ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵖⵓⵏⵏ ⵉⴳⵏⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⴳⵓⵎⵏⵉⵏ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⵖⵓⵏⵏ ⵉⴳⵏⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ.

 ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵙⵓⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵓⴷ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⴽⵉⵎ 250 ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ. ⵜⵥⴹⴰⵕⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵡⵙⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ.

| ⵍⵃⵙⵏ ⴱⵓⴼⵔⵜⵍ
 |
| --- |
| ⵍⵃⵙⵏ ⴱⵓⴼⵔⵜⵍ |
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|  ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⵓⴷⵎⴰⵡⴰⵏⵏ
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| ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ | 1952 |
| ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ | 2011 |
| ⵜⴰⵖⵍⴰⵏⵜ |  ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ |
| ⴰⵙⴳⴷ | ⴰⵏⵙⵍⵎ |
|  ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵣⵣⵓⵍⴰⵏⵜ
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| ⵜⴰⵣⵣⵓⵍⵜ | ⴰⵙⵎⴷⴰⵢ |
| ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵢⵎⵎⴰⵜ | ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ |
| ⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉ | ⵜⴰⵙⵎⴷⴰⵢⵜ ⴰⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ |
| ⴰⵙⵔⴰⴳ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵓⵙⵏⵜ | ⵎⵓⴽⵉⵔ(ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ) ⵉⵥⵏⵥⴰⵕⵏ |
| ⵜⵉⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏⵉⵏ | ⵃⵎⵎⵓ ⵓ ⵏⴰⵎⵉⵔ (ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ) ⵎⵓⴽⵉⵔ (ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ) |
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|  |
| ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ - ⵙⵏⴼⵍ   |

**ⵍⵃⵙⵏ ⴱⵓⴼⵔⵜⴰⵍ** (1952-2011) ⴷ ⴰⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕ, ⴰⵙⵎⴷⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵣⴼⵣⴰⴼ, ⵉⴳ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⴳⵎⴰⵎⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵥⵏⵥⴰⵕⵏ, ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵣⴰⵣⵓ ⴰⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜⵏ. ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ ⵉⵏⵣⴳⴳⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵖⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵍⵎⴷ ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴳ ⴷ ⵜⵥⵓⵕⵉ, ⵉⴷⵔⵓ ⵓⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴷⴷⵉⵜⵏ ⴷ ⵉⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⴰⵎ ⵃⵎⵎⵓ ⵓ ⵏⴰⵎⵉⵔ ⴷ ⵎⵓⴽⵉⵔ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵖⴰⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵔⵖ.

## ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ

## ⵜⵉⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ

## ⵜⵉⵔⵉⵎⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏⵜ

## ⵉⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵔⴰ

1. ⵃⵎⵎⵓ ⵓ ⵏⴰⵎⵉⵔ (ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ) 2003.
2. ⵜⴰⵎⵖⴰⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵔⵖ (ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ)
3. ⵎⵓⴽⵉⵔ (ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ)

## ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ

* ⵉⵥⵏⵥⴰⵕⵏ
* ⵎⵓⴽⵉⵔ (ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ)
* ⵃⵎⵎⵓ ⵓ ⵏⴰⵎⵉⵔ (ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ)

* ⵍⵃⵓⵙⴰⵢⵏ ⵉⴱⵓⵔⴽⴰ

## ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ
# ⵟⴰⵏⵊⴰ

ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⴳⵓⵎⵏⵉⵏ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ.

 ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵙⵓⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵓⴷ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⴽⵉⵎ 250 ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ. ⵜⵥⴹⴰⵕⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵡⵙⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ.

| ⵟⴰⵏⵊⴰ |
| --- |
| **Tangier** (ⴳⵍⵣ) |
|  ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ |
|  |
|  |
| ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵙⵓⴳⵓⵔⵜ |
| ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ |  ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ |
| ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ |
ⵟⴰⵏⵊⴰ ⵜⵉⵟⵟⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵍⵃⵓⵙⵉⵎⴰ |
| ⵜⴰⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ |
ⵟⴰⵏⵊⴰ ⴰⵚⵉⵍⴰ |
| ⵉⵏⵉⴳⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⵡⴰⵢ |
90000 |
| ⵜⴰⵔⴰⵖⵔⴼⵜ |
| ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖ |
947,952 ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⵉⵖ (2014) |
| ⵜⴰⵔⴰⴽⴰⵍⵜ |
| ⵜⴰⵊⵓⵎⵎⴰ |
124ⴽⵎ² |
|  |
|
35.776667, -5.803889 |

**ⵟⴰⵏⵊⴰ** ⵏⵖ **ⵜⴰⵏⵊⴰⵢⵜ** (ⵙ ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ: طنجة) ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵔⵏ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵍⴰⵏ ⴰⵜⵉⴳ ⵖ ⵜⴼⵔⵉⵇⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ. ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵖ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ. ⵜⴳ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵥⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵟⴰⵏⵊⴰ ⵜⵉⵟⵡⴰⵏ-ⵍⵃⵓⵙⵉⵎⴰ. ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵙ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⵓⴳⵜ ⵏ 14 ⴽⵎ ⵉ ⵓⴼⵜⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵚⴱⴰⵏⵢⴰ. ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵓⵙⵉⴹⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵢⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ 2014 ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵖⵍⵉ ⴰⵔ 947 952 ⵓⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖ.

## ⴰⵙⵏⵎⴽⵜⴰ

ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵓⵙⵉⴹⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2014 ⵎⴰⵙ:

### ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴷ

* ⵜⵉⴳⵎⵉⴹⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵇⵓⴱⴱⴰⵏⵉⵜ (ⵎⵉⴷⴷⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵙⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵜⴰⵔⴰⵏ) : 16.0%
* ⵜⵉⴳⵎⵉⴹⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵖⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⴷⵉ ⵏⵖⴷ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ : 14.9%

### ⵜⴰⴷⴰⵎⵙⴰ

* ⵜⵉⴳⵎⵉⴹⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙⵏ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉ : 56.6%
* ⵜⵉⴳⵎⵉⴹⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵔⵡⵓⵔⵉ (ⵎⵉⴷⴷⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵟⵟⴰⴼⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵓⵔⵉ) : 15.8%
* ⵜⵉⴳⵎⵉⴹⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵍⵎⵅⵣⵏ (ⵏⵖ ⴽⴰⵏⵜⵉⵏ ⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⴳⵉⵙ) : 8.4%
* ⵜⵉⴳⵎⵉⴹⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⵍⵉⴳ (ⵏⵖ ⴽⴰⵏⵜⵉⵏ ⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⴳⵉⵙ) : 65.3%

## ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ
# ⵉⵍⵍ ⴰⴳⵔⴰⴽⴰⵍ

ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⴳⵓⵎⵏⵉⵏ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ.

 ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵙⵓⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵓⴷ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⴽⵉⵎ 250 ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ. ⵜⵥⴹⴰⵕⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵡⵙⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ.
ⵜⴰⴽⴰⵕⴹⴰ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵍⵍ ⴰⴳⵔⴰⴽⴰⵍ
**ⵉⵍⵍ ⴰⴳⵔⴰⴽⴰⵍ** (ⵙ ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ: البحر الأبيض المتوسط) ⴷ ⵉⵍⵍ ⴰⴳⵔⵎⵏⵥⴰⵡ ⴷⵔⵓⵖ ⵉⵇⵇⵏⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵖⵔⵓⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴳⵍⵉⵏⵜ ⵜ ⵉⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵕⵓⴱⵜ, ⵏ ⵜⴼⵔⵉⵇⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵏ ⵜⴰⵣⵉⵜ, ⵙⴳ ⵜⴰⵖⵢⴰ ⴰⴷⵔⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵟⴰⵕⵉⵇ ⴳ ⵓⵜⴰⵔⴰⵎ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴹⴰⵕⴹⴰⵏⵉⵍⵏ ⴷ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⴱⴰⴷⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵙⵙⵡⵉⵙ ⴳ ⵓⴳⵎⵓⴹ. ⵜⵓⵎⵥ ⵜⵊⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ 2,5 ⵏ ⵉⵎⵍⵢⵓⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⴽⵉⵍⵓⵎⵉⵜⵔ ⴰⵎⴽⴽⵓⵥ. ⵉⵎⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵏⵏ ⵅⴼ ⵓⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⵏⴰⵟⵍⴰⵚ ⴳ ⵓⴷⵔⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵟⴰⵕⵉⵇ, ⵢⵉⵔⵉⵡ ⵙ 14 ⴽⵎ.

## ⵜⴰⵙⵎⴰⴷⴳⵜ

ⵉⵔⵎ "ⴰⴳⵔⴰⴽⴰⵍ" ⵉⵏⵢ ⵙ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ, ⵜⴰⵏⵣⵖⵜ "ⴳⵔ" ⴷ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ "ⴰⴽⴰⵍ", ⴰⵛⴽⵓ ⵉⵍⵍ ⴰⴳⵔⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵢⵓⵙⴰ ⴷ ⴳⵔ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⴽⴰⵍⵏ, ⴰⴷ ⵜⵏ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵕⵓⴱⵜ ⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵔⵉⵇⵜ.

## ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ

ⵜⴰⵎⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⴽⴰⵍⵜ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵏⵙⴱⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵉⵎⵎⵔⴽⵙⵏ ⵜⴳ ⵜⴰⵇⴱⵓⵔⵜ. ⵜⴳⴰ ⴰⵙⵎⵖⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⴽⵔⵣⴰ, ⴷ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵔⵎⵉⵡⵉⵏ, ⵏ ⵓⴳⵎⵓⴹ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ, ⵏ ⵜⵓⵕⵓⴼⵜ, ⵏ ⵜⴼⵔⵉⵇⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵣⵉⵜ.

## ⵜⵓⵙⵏⴰⴽⴰⵍⵜ

## ⵜⴰⵔⴰⴽⴰⵍⵜ

## ⵜⵉⴽⵓⵍⵓⵊⵉⵜ

## ⵜⴰⴷⴰⵎⵙⴰ

## ⵜⵓⵏⵏⵓⵏⵜ

ⴳⴰⵏ ⵡⵓⵔⴰⵔⵏ, ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⴽⵓ ⴽⴽⵓⵥ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ, ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵣⵉⵣⵡⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵜⵓⵏⵏⵓⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵜⵎⵉⴳⴳⵉⵔⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⴷⴷⴰⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵉⵣⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵍⵍ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⴽⴰⵍⵜ.

## ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵍⵍⴰⵢⵜ

## ⴰⵣⵡⴰⴳ

## ⵉⵙⴷⵉⴷⴷⵉⵢⵏ ⵅⴼ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵢⴰⴳⴳⵓⴳⵏ

## ⵉⵙⵓⵖⴰⵍ

## ⵥⵔ ⴰⵡⴷ

## ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ
# ⵜⵉⴳⵣⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⵏⴰⵔⵉⵢⵉⵏ

ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵎⵉⵍⵏ ⴳⵓⵎⵏⵉⵏ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⵎⵉⵍⵏ ⴷ ⵢⵓⵙⴰⵏ.

 ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵙⵓⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵓⴷ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⴽⵉⵎ 250 ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ. ⵜⵥⴹⴰⵕⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵡⵙⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ.
**| ⵜⵉⴳⵣⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⵏⴰⵔⵉⵢⵉⵏ |
| --- |
| Islas Canarias (ⵜⴰⵚⴱⵍⵢⵓⵏⵜ)  |
| ⴰⵛⵏⵢⴰⵍ ⵜⴰⵡⵎⵔⵉⴳⵜ  |
| ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵣⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⵏⴰⵔⵉⵢⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴽⴰⵕⴹⴰ  ﻿ / ﻿ |
| ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵙⵓⴳⵓⵔⵜ |
| ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵥⵓⵏⵜ | ⵙⴰⵏⵜⴰ ⴽⵔⵓⵣ ⴷⵉ ⵜⵉⵏⵉⵔⵉⴼⵉ, ⵍⴰⵙ ⴱⴰⵍⵎⴰⵙ ⴷⵉ ⴳⵔⴰⵏ ⴽⴰⵏⴰⵕⵢⴰ  |
| ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⵓⵏⵚⵉⴱⵜ | ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵚⴱⵍⵢⵓⵏⵜ  |
| ⵜⴰⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ |
| ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ | ⴰⵏⵅⵉⵍ ⴼⵉⴽⵜⵓⵔ ⵜⵓⵔⵉⵙ ⴱⵉⵔⵉⵣ  |
| ⵜⴰⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ | ⴰⴱⵕⵍⴰⵎⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴰⵏⴰⵕⵉ  |
| ⴰⵏⴳⵎⴰⵎ ⵓⵣⵔⵉⴼ | ⴰⴱⵕⵍⴰⵎⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴰⵏⴰⵕⵉ  |
| ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ |
| ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵙⵔⵙⵍ | 1982  |
| ⵜⴰⵔⴰⴽⴰⵍⵜ |
| ⵜⴰⵊⵓⵎⵎⴰ |  7 447 ⴽⵎ²  |
| ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⴰⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰ | ⵜⵉⴷ  |
| ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⴰⵏⴰⴷⴷⴰⵡ | ⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⵟⵍⴰⵏⵜⵉⵢ ⴰⴳⴰⴼⴰⵏ  |
| ⵉⵏⵉⴳⵍ ⴰⵊⵢⵓⴳⵕⴰⴼⵉ | 2593110  |
| ⵜⴰⵔⴰⵖⵔⴼⵜ |
| ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ | ▲ 2 228 862 (2024)  |
| ⵜⴰⵏⵥⵥⵉ | 299,3 ⵣⴷⵖ/ⴽⵎ²  |
| ⵜⴰⴷⴰⵎⵙⴰ |
| ⴰⴷⵔⵉⵎ | ⵢⵓⵕⵓ  |
| ⵉⵙⴼⴽⴰ ⵢⴰⴹⵏ |
| ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴷⴰⵀ | ⴰⴼⴰⵙⵉ  |
| ⴰⵏⵙⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵡⵉⴱ ⵓⵏⵚⵉⴱ | www.gobiernodecanarias.org  |
| ⴰⴳⵎⵎⴰⴹ ⴰⴽⵓⴷⴰⵏ | ⵜⴰⵍⴳⴰⵎⵜ   (3)* ⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⴰⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵣⴷⴰⵢ (±00:00)
* ⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⴰⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵣⴷⴰⵢ (+01:00)
* ⴰⵟⵍⴰⵏⵜⵉⵢ/ⴽⴰⵏⴰⵕⵢⴰ

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| ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⴰⵔⴰⴽⴰⵍ |
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| ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ - ⵙⵏⴼⵍ - ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ |ⵜⵉⴳⵣⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⵏⴰⵔⵉⵢⵏ** (ⵙ ⵜⵚⴱⵏⵢⵓⵍⵉⵜ: *Islas Canarias*) ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵔⴽⴰⴱⵉⵍ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵓⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⵟⵍⴰⵏⵜⵉ. ⵜⴰⴳⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵢⴰⵥⵏ ⵉ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ, ⵜⴰⴳⴳⵓⴳ ⵏⵏ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⵙ 100ⴽⵎ.

## ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ

ⴰⵛⵏⵢⴰⵍ ⵏ ⴰⵡⴰⵏⴰⴽ ⴰⴽⴰⵏⴰⵔⵉ
ⴳ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⴰⵜⵔⴰⵔ, ⵙⵙⵓⵜⵔⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴽⵏⴰⵔⵉ ⴰⵣⴰⵔⵓⴳ ⵅⴼ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵚⴱⴰⵏⵢⴰ , ⵙⴱⴷⴷⵏ ⴰⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⴼⵓⵍ ⴰⴳⵓⵙⵍⵎⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵣⴰⵔⵓⴳ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵣⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⴽⴰⵏⴰⵔⵉⴰ (MPAIAC), ⴰⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵟⵟⴰⴼⵏ ⴰⵏⵣⵡⴰⵢ ⴳ ⵜⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵣⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⵙⴽⵔ ⴰⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵜⴰⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵏ ⵙⴱⵍⵢⵓⵏ.

ⵉⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⵓⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⵣⴰⵔⵓⴳ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵓⴼⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵖⵏⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⵟⵓⵏⵢⵓ ⴽⵓⴱⵉⵍⵍⵓ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ 1964. ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵡⴰⵅⵅⴰⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵜⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⵏ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵏⴰⵖⵜ, ⵜⵙⵡⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵙⵉⵙ ⵜⵎⴳⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵔⵉⵇⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ 1968 .

ⵜⴰⴼⵔⵉⵙⵜ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵍⵏ ⵉⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵣⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⵏⴰⵔⵉⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵎⵥⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵚⴱⴰⵏⵢⵓⵍⵉⵢⵏ.ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ 1978، ⵉⴳⴰ ⵓⵎⵖⵏⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⵟⵓⵏⵢⵓ ⴽⵓⴱⵉⵍⵍⵓ ⴹⴰⵃⵉⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵔⵎⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵙⴽⵔⵏ ⵉⵖⵡⵡⴰⵖⵏ ⵉⵙⴱⵍⵢⵓⵏⵉⵢⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵏⴳⴳⴰⵔⵓ ⵉ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵜⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⵏ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵏⴰⵖⵜ.

ⵜⴱⵕⵕⵃ ⵜⵏⵣⵡⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⵉ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵣⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⴱⴰⵛ ⴰⴷ ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⵖⵔ ⵓⵥⵓⵔ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵅⴷⴷⵎ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵎⴰⵕⵕⴰ". . ⴷⴼⴼⵉⵔ ⵓⵢⴰ، ⵉⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵓⵛⵏⵢⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⴳ ⵎⴰⵕⵕⴰ ⵜⵉⵎⵓⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ،
ⴰⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⵉⵙⴱⴷⴷ ⵜⴰⵖⵏⵙⴰ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵜⴰⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵏ ⵙⴱⵍⵢⵓⵏ ⴷⴼⴼⵉⵔ ⵎⴰ ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴱⴰⴹ ⴰⵢⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⵉ ⴰⵔⵅⴰⴱⵉⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴽⵏⴰⵔⵉ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1982. ⴷⴼⴼⵉⵔ ⵓⵢⴰ، ⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⵍⵄⴼⵓ ⵉ ⵓⵎⵖⵏⴰⵙ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ ⴰⵏⵟⵓⵏⵢⵓ ⴽⵓⴱⵉⵍⵍⵓ ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⵖⵔ ⵙⴱⵍⵢⵓⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵎⴰ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ.

## ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ