# ⵟⵟⴰⵀⵕ ⴱⵏ ⵊⵍⵍⵓⵏ

ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵙⵓⵍ ⴰⴳⵓⵊⵉⵍ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙⵖⵓⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⴽⵕⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ.

| ⵟⵟⴰⵀⵕ ⴱⵏ ⵊⵍⵍⵓⵏ |
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| ⵓⵎⵍⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⵎⴰⵡⴰⵏⵏ |
| ⵉⵙⵎ ⵓⴷⵎⴰⵡⴰⵏ | Tahar  |
| ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ | ⴼⴰⵙ  |
| ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ | 1 ⴷⵓⵊⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1944, 1 ⴷⵓⵊⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1947  |
| ⵜⴰⵖⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵣⴷⵓⵖⵜ |
| ⵜⴰⵖⵍⴰⵏⵜ | ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ, ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ  |
| ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵔⵉ | ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ, ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ  |
| ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵣⵣⵓⵍⵜ |
| ⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉ | ⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍ, short story  |
| ⵜⴰⵣⵣⵓⵍⵜ | ⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰ, ⴰⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣ, psychotherapist, novelist, painter, short story writer  |
| ⵜⵉⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ | This Blinding Absence of Light, The Sacred Night  |
| ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴷ |
| ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴷ | ⵜⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ  |
| ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵜⴰⵢⵎⵎⴰⵜ | ⵜⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ  |
| ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵜⵢ ⵜⴰⵢⵎⵎⴰⵜ | ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ  |
| ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ | ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ, ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ  |
| ⵉⵙⵉⵜⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷⵏ |
| ⴰⵙⵉⵜ ⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷ |   |
| ⵜⵉⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵉⵏ |
| ⵜⵉⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵉⵏ | Grand Officer of the Legion of Honour, Commander of the National Order of Merit, Prix Goncourt, honorary doctorate from the Université de Montréal, Honorary doctor of the Catholic University of Louvain, Commandeur des Arts et des Lettres‎, Dublin Literary Award, Camaiore Literary Prize, Q16120331, Q137593931, Franco-Arabic Friendship Award  |
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| ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ - ⵙⵏⴼⵍ - ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ |

**ⵟⵟⴰⵀⵕ ⴱⵏ ⵊⵍⵍⵓⵏ** (ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ 1 ⴷⵓⵊⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1944) ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ-ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚ. ⵉⴳⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ, ⴷ ⵖⵓⵔⵙ ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⴳⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ, ⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵜ. ⵜⵜⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⴳⵉⵜⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵎⴰⵎⴽⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵍⴽⵍⵓⵕⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵎⴰⵏ. ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⴳⵓⵏⴽⵓⵔ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ "ⵉⴹ ⵉⴼⵓⵥⵕⵏ".

## ⵜⵉⴳⵎⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ

ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⵟⵟⴰⵀⵕ ⴱⵏ ⵊⵍⵍⵓⵏ ⴳ 1 ⴷⵓⵊⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1944 ⴳ ⵜⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⵏ ⴼⴰⵙ. ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜⵜⵉ ⵖⵔ ⵟⴰⵏⵊⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1955, ⵍⵍⵉⵖ ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ. ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵎⴰⵥ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1966 ⴰⴽⴷ 94 ⵏ ⵉⵏⵍⵎⴰⴷⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵙⴽⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⵍⵎⴰⴷⵉⵏ ⵏ 1965, ⵉⴼⵍ ⴰⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⴰⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏ ⵉⴷⴷⵓ ⵏⵉⵜ ⵖⵔ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ.

ⵉⵖⵔⴰ ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵙⵓⴼⵜ ⴳ ⵕⵕⴱⴰⵟ ⴰⵔ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1971, ⵍⵍⵉⵖ ⵜⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵜ ⵜⵉⵔⴰⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵙⵄⵕⵕⴱ ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴷ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵍⵙⵓⴼⵜⴰ. ⵉⴼⴼⵖ ⵏⵉⵜ ⵟⵟⴰⵀⵕ  ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷ ⴰⴼⵔⴰⵏⴽⵓⴼⵓⵏⵉ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵉⴷⴷⵓ ⵏⵉⵜ ⵖⵔ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ, ⵖⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵔⴰⴳⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰⵜ ⴳ  ⵜⵙⵏⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ. ⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵉⴽⴽⵉ ⵢⴰⵜ ⴳ ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵣ ⵉⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⵏⵉⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ, ⴷ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵖⵉⵏⵏ ⴰⵎ ⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⴰⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏ ⵉ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ "ⵍⵓⵎⵓⵏⴷ" ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴼⵙⴰⵔ ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍ.

## ⵜⴰⵡⴰⴷⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵍⴰⵏⵜ

ⵉⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵙ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵜⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ "ⴰⵏⴼⴰⵙ" ⴳ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ, ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜⵜⵉ ⵖⵔ ⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵜ. ⵉⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⴷ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵉⵜⵏ ⵉⵙⴽⵍⴰⵏⵏ  ⵙⴳ ⵉⴷ ⵙⴰⵎⵔⴰⵡ, ⴳⵉⵙⵏⵜ ⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍⵏ: "ⵃⵔⵔⵓⴷⴰ" ⵙⴳ ⵜⴰⴷⴷⴰⵔⵜ ⴷⵓⵏⵓⵡⵉⵍ ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ 1973, ⴷ ⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ "ⵎⵓⵃⴰ ⴰⵎⵅⵍⴰⵡ, ⵎⵓⵃⴰ ⴰⵎⵏⵏⴳⵔⵉ" ⵙⴳ ⵜⴰⴷⴷⴰⵔⵜ ⵍⵓⵙⵡⵉ ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ 1981, ⴷ "ⵜⴰⵥⴰⵍⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴰⴱⴱⴰⵢ" ⵙⴳ ⵜⴰⴷⴷⴰⵔⵜ ⵍⵓⵙⵡⵉ ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ 1981, "ⴰⵔⴱⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵍⴰⵍⵏ" ⵙⴳ ⵜⴰⴷⴷⴰⵔⵜ ⵍⵓⵙⵡⵉ ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ 1985, "ⵉⴹ ⵏ ⵍⵇⴰⴷⴰⵔ" ⵙⴳ ⵜⴰⴷⴷⴰⵔⵜ ⵍⵓⵙⵡⵉ ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ 1987, ⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵙ ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⴳⵓⵏⴽⵓⵔ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ. ⴰⵡⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⴷ ⵜⵉⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴹⵕⵉⵚⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵔⵙⵉⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵏⵟⵓⵍⵓⵊⵉⵢⵉⵏ, ⵙⴳⵉⵙⵏⵜ: "ⵜⵉⵎⴽⵜⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⴰⵍ" ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵟⵓⵍⵓⵊⵉⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓⵜ ⴳ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ 1976, ⴰⴱⵔⵙⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ "ⴳ ⴰⵙⵉⴽⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴽⵜⵉⵜ" ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ 1980, ⴷ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ "ⵜⴰⵢⵔⵉ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⵜⴳⴰ ⴱⴷⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⵏⴳⴳⴰⵔⵓⵜ" ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ 1995. ⵙⴳ ⵉⴳⵉⵜⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵔⴰⵏ, "ⵎⴽⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵖⵉⵏⵏ"2024, ⴷ ⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍ "ⵉⵎⵙⵙⵓⵊⵎⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴼⴰ", ⴷ ⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍ "ⵜⴰⵎⵎⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵕⵥⵓⴳⵉ".ⵢⵓⵔⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ "ⵍⵓⵎⵓⵏⴹ" ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚ ⵙ ⵓⵣⵡⵍ "ⵍⵉⵙⵍⴰⵎ ⴰⵎⵓⴷⵔⵓⵙ", ⵉⵙⵇⵙⴰ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵡⴹ ⵍⵉⵙⵍⴰⵎ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ "ⵓⵙⵡⵉⵔ ⵢⴰⵜⵜⵓⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴽⵙⵙⵉⵙ ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵓⵙⵎⵉⴳⵍ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵍⵍⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵔⵙⴰⵍ ⵏⵖ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵡⴰⵣⴰⵍⵏⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵓⴼⵓⵖ ⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴰⵔⵓ ⵏⵖ ⵜⵉⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵓⵙⵓⵏⵖ ⴰⴽⴰⵔⵉⴽⴰⵜⵓⵔⵉ ?" ⵉⵔⴰⵔ ⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵙ "ⵓⵀⵓ", ⵉⵙⴷⴷⵉⴷ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴰⵎⵙⵙⵉⵙ ⵓⵔ ⵢⵓⵜ ⵢⵉⵎⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵍⵉⵙⵍⴰⵎ ⴷ ⵡⴰⵣⴰⵍⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵢⵓⵜ ⵉⵎⵓⵙⵍⵎⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵏⵏ ⵉⴳⴹⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵔⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ.

ⵢⵓⵥⵉⵎ ⵉⵙⵓⵏⵖⵏ ⵉⴽⴰⵔⵉⴽⴰⵜⵓⵔⵉⵢⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵅⵛⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴷ ⴷ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⴰⵔⵇⵇⴰⵙ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⵖⵓⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵣⵎⵉⵔⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴼⵙⵔ ⵉⵙⵓⵏⵖⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵏ ⵍⴱⴰⴱⴰ ⵏⵖ  ⵉⵏⴽⴽⴰⴷⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵉⵃⵉⵢⵏ, ⵉⵥⵕⴰ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵓⵢⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵙⵜⵜⵛⵓ ⴰⴱⵔⵙⵉⵡⴷ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵍⵉⵙⵍⴰⵎ ⴳ ⵓⵜⴰⵔⴰⵎ.

## ⴽⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵉⴳⵉⵜⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ

1. ⴰⵙⵙ ⴰⵏⵙⵙⴰⵙⵎ ⴳ ⵟⴰⵏⵊⴰ. 2011.
2. ⵉⴹ ⵏ ⵜⵣⴳⵍⵜ. 1996.
3. ⴰⵙⵙⵉⵡⴷ ⵎⴽⵍⵍⵉ ⵙ ⴷⴰ ⵜ ⵏⵙⵙⴼⵔⵓ ⵉ ⵜⴰⵔⵡⴰ ⵏⵏⵖ 2017.
4. ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵜⵟⵟⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵕⵥⴰⵏⵉⵏ. ⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍ ,201.
5. ⵍⵉⵜⵉⵀⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⵔⴻⵔ. ⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍ , 2017.
6. ⵉⵎⵙⵙⵓⵊⵎⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴼⴰ . ⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍ 2024.

## ⵜⵉⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵉⵏ

1. 2010: ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵔⴳⴰⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏⵜ .

## ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ

* ⵉⴷⵔⵉⵙ ⵛⵛⵕⴰⵢⴱⵉ
* ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵍⴰ
* ⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍ

## ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ

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