# Índíà

| Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Índíà Republic of India भारत गणराज्य\* **Bhārat Gaṇarājya** |
| --- |
|
Àsìá

National Emblem

 |
| **Motto:"Satyameva Jayate"* (Sanskrit) सत्यमेव जयते  (Devanāgarī) "Truth Alone Triumphs" |
| **Orin ìyìn:Jana Gana Mana* Thou art the ruler of the minds of all people |
|  |
| Olùìlú | New Delhi |
| Ìlú tótóbijùlọ | Mumbai |
| Àwọn èdè ìṣẹ́ọba | Híńdì, Gẹ̀ẹ́sì |
| Constitutional languages |
8th Schedule:[fihàn]
Assamese Bengali Bodo Dogri Gujarati Hindi Kannada Kashmiri Konkani Maithili Malayalam Manipuri Marathi Nepali Oriya Punjabi Sanskrit Santali Sindhi Tamil Telugu Urdu
 |
| Orúkọ aráàlú | Índíà |
| Ìjọba | Olómìnira ìjọba àpapọ̀ |
|  |
| • Ààrẹ  | Droupadi Murmu |
| • Prime Minister  | Narendra Modi |
| • Chief Justice  | Bhushan Ramkrishna Gavai |
|  |
| Aṣòfin | Sansad |
| • Ilé Aṣòfin Àgbà | Rajya Sabha |
| • Ilé Aṣòfin Kéreré | Lok Sabha |
| Independence from United Kingdom |
|  |
| • Declared  | 15 Oṣù Ògún 1947 |
| • Republic  | 26 Oṣù Ṣẹ̀rẹ́ 1950 |
|  |
| Ìtóbi |
| • Total | 3,287,240 km2 (1,269,210 sq mi)‡ (7th) |
| • Omi (%) | 9.56 |
| Alábùgbé |
| • 2009 estimate | 1,198,003,000 (2nd) |
| • 2001 census | 1,028,610,328 |
| • Ìdìmọ́ra | 364.4/km2 (943.8/sq mi) (32nd) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2008 estimate |
| • Total | $3.298 trillion (4th) |
| • Per capita | $2,780 (130th) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2008 estimate |
| • Total | $1.206 trillion (12th) |
| • Per capita | $1,017 (143rd) |
| Gini (2004) | 36.8 **Error: Invalid Gini value** |
| HDI (2007) | 0.612 **Error: Invalid HDI value** · 134th |
| Owóníná | Indian rupee (₨) (INR) |
| Ibi àkókò | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| • Ìgbà oru (DST) | UTC+5:30 (not observed) |
| Ojúọ̀nà ọkọ́ | left |
| Àmì tẹlifóònù | 91 |
| ISO 3166 code | IN |
| Internet TLD | .in |
| **Non-numbered Footnotes:**[fihàn]
**\Bharat Ganarajya*, that is, the Republic of India in Hindi, written in the *Devanāgarī* script. See also other official names **‡** This is the figure as per the United Nations though the Indian government lists the total area as 3,287,260 square kilometres.
 |

**Índíà**, tàbí **Orílẹ̀-èdèOlómìnira ilẹ̀ Índíà** (ní èdè Híńdì: भारत गणराज्य Bhārat** Gaṇarājya*;), jẹ́ orílẹ̀-èdè kan ní Gúúsù Éṣíà. Ohun ni orílẹ̀-èdè kejè títóbi júlọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìtóbí jẹ́ọ́gráfì, orílẹ̀-èdè kìn-ín-ni tó ní ìye àwọn ènìyàn júlọ pẹ̀lú bíi 1.43 bílíọ̀nù ènìyàn, àti ìjọba-oníbò tó ni ìye àwọn ènìyàn júlọ̀ lágbàyé. Ó ja mọ Òkun Índíà ní gúúsù, Òkun Lárúbáwá ni ìwọ̀ oòrùn, àti Ebado Benga ní ìlà oòrùn, India ní etíkun tó jẹ́ 7,516.6 kilometres (4,700 mi). Ó ni ààlà láàrin Pakistan ní ìwọ̀ oòrùn; Ṣáínà, Nepal, ati Bhutan si àríwà; ati Bangladẹ́shì ati Burma ní ìlà oòrùn. Índíà wà nítosí Sri Lanka, àti Maldives tí wọ́n wà ní Òkun Índíà.

Gẹ́gẹ́ bíi ilẹ̀ Ọ̀làjú Àfonífojì Indus jẹ́ ibí tó ní ìdàgbàsókè púpọ̀, abẹ́orílẹ̀ Índíà jẹ́ ibi àwọn ènìyàn mọ̀ fún ọlá àti àṣà rẹ̀ káàkiri ayé. Esin nla merin, Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism ati Sikhism ni won bere latibe, nigbati Zoroastrianism, Esin Ju, Esin Kristi ati Imale de sibe ni egberundun akoko IO (CE) won si kopa ninu bi orisirisi asa agbegbe na seri. Diedie o je fifamora latowo British East India Company lati ibere orundun ikejidinlogun, o si di ile amusin Ile-oba Isodokan lati arin orundun ikandinlogun, India di orile-ede alominira ni 1947 leyin akitiyan fun isominira to se pataki fun isatako alaise jagidijagan kakiri.

India je orile-ede olominira kan to ni ipinle 28 ati awon agbegbe isokan meje pelu sistemu onileasofin oseluaralu. Okowo India ni okowo ikokanla titobijulo gege bi olorujo GDP lagbaye ati ikerin titobijulo gege bi ibamu agbara iraja. Otun je omo egbe Ajoni awon Orile-ede, G-20, BRIC, SAFTA ati Agbajo Owo Agbaye. India je orile-ede toni ohun-ijagun bombu inuatomu, o si ni ile-ise ologun ikewa ton nawojulo pelu ile-ise ologun adigun keji titobijulo lagbaye. Atunse okowo to bere lati 1991 ti so India di ikan ninu awon okowo to n dagba kiakia julo lagbaye; sibesibe, aini si tun ba ja, aimookomooka, iwa-ibaje, arun, ati aijeunkanu. Gege bi awujo esin olopolopo, eledepupo ati eleya eniyan pupo, India tun je ibugbe fun opolopo awon eran-igbe ni opolopo ibi alaabo.

National symbols of the Republic of India (Official)| **National animal** |  |  |
| **National bird** |  |  |
| **National tree** |  |  |
| **National flower** |  |  |
| **National heritage animal** |  |  |
| **National aquatic marine mammal** |  |  |
| **National reptile** |  |  |
| **National heritage mammal** |  |  |
| **National fruit** |  |  |
| **National temple** |  |  |
| **National river** |  |  |
| **National mountain** |  |  |

## Orísun ìtumọ̀ ọ̀rọ̀

*India* (pípè **/ˈɪndiə/**) gege bi oruko wa lati *Indus*, to wa lati oro Persia Atijo *Hindu*, lati Sanskrit सिन्धु *Sindhu*, oruko ibile fun Odo Indus. Awon Griiki ayeijoun n pe awon ara India ni *Indoi* (Ινδοί), awon eniyan Indus. Ilana Ibagbepo ile India ati lilo oro towopo ninu opo awon ede India bakanna tun seidamo *Bharat* (pipe [ˈbʱɑːrʌt̪]  ( ẹ tẹ́tí gbọ́)) gege bi oruko onibise iru kanna. Bharat gege bi oruko wa lati oruko oba olokiki Bharata ninu awon Itan-Awaso Hindu. *Hindustan* ([hɪnd̪ʊˈstɑːn]  ( ẹ tẹ́tí gbọ́)), ni berebere to je oro Persia fun “Ile Hindus” lati toka si apaariwa India, bakanna tun lilo gege bi oruko gbogbo India.

## Ìtàn

Awon ibugbe apata Igba Okuta pelu awon iyaworan ni Bhimbetka rock shelters ni Madhya Pradesh ni eri igbe eniyan pipejulo ni India. Awon ibudo akoko ti a mo bere ni odun to ju 9,000 seyin lo, diedie o si dagba soke si Indus Valley Civilisation, ti ojo ori re to odun 3400 BCE ni apaiwoorun India. Eyi je titele pelu Vedic period, to se ipilese Esin Hindu ati awon asa miran igba ibere awujo India, o si pari ni awon odun 500 BCE. Lati bi 550 BCE, opolopo awon ile-oba alominira ati orile-ede olominira ti a mo bi Mahajanapadas je didasile kakiri ibe.

Paintings at the Ajanta Caves in Aurangabad, Maharashtra, sixth century
Ni orundun keta KIO (BCE), opo gbogbo Guusu Asia je piparapo di Ileobaluaye Maurya latowo Chandragupta Maurya o si lokunkun ni asiko Ashoka Olokiki. Lati igba orundun keta IO (CE), ijoba iran Gupta samojuto igba ti a mo bi ancient "Igba Oniwura India ayeijoun." Awon ileobaluaye ni Apaguusu India je kikopomo gbogbo awon ti Chalukya, ti Cholas ati ti Vijayanagara Empire. Sayensi, teknoloji, ise-ero, ise-ona, ogbon, ede, litireso, mathematiiki, itorawo, esin ati imo-oye di olokunkun labe itoju awon oba wonyi.

Leyin awon iborile lati Arin Asia larin orundun 10th ati 12th, opo Ariwa India ni won bo si abe ijoba Delhi Sultanate ati leyin eyi sabe Ileobaluaye Mughal. Labe isejoba Akbar the Great, India gbadun idagbasoke asa ati okowo pupo ati irepo esin. Awon obaluaye Mughal diedie fe ile won si pupo lati dori apa nla abeorile. Sibesibe, ni Ariwa-Apailaorun India, alagbara to joba ibe ni ileoba Ahom ti Assam, gege bi ikan ninu awon ileoba ti won lodi si ijobalenilori Mughal. Ihalemo ninla akoko si agbara ijoba Mughal wa latodo oba Hindu Rajput kan Maha Rana Pratap ti Mewar ni orundun 16th ati leyin eyi latodo orile-ede Hindu kan to n je adapapo Maratha, to joba lori opo India ni arin orundun 18th.

Lati orundun 16th, awon alagbara ara Europe bi Portugal, Hollandi, Fransi, ati Iparapo Ileoba se idasile ibudo owo (trading posts) be sini leyin eyi won lo anfani ti awon ija abele ibe fa wa lati sedasile awon ibiamusin nibe. Nigba to fi di 1856, opo India ti bo sabe idari British East India Company. Odun kan leyin eyi, igbogundi kakiri awon eyo ologun olodi ijoba ati awon ileoba, ti a mo bi Ogun Ilominira Akoko India tabi Sepoy Mutiny, koju idari ile-ise yi gidigidi sugbon ko yori si rere. Nitori aidurorege, India bo si abe isejoba taara Oba Alade Britani.

Mahatma Gandhi (right) with Jawaharlal Nehru, 1937. Nehru would go on to become India's first prime minister in 1947.
Ni orundun 20th, akitiyan fun ilominira kakiri orile-ede bere latowo Indian National Congress ati awon agbajo oloselu miran. Olori India Mahatma Gandhi lewaju awon egbegberun eniyan ni opolopo igbese torile-ede fun aigboran araalu aini-jagidijagan .

Ni ojo 15 osu kejo 1947, India gba ilominira kuro lowo isejoba Britani, sugbon nigba kanna awon agbegbe ogunlogo Musulum je pipinniya lati da orile-ede otooto Pakistan. Ni ojo 26 osi kinni 1950, India di orile-ede olominira be sini ilana ibagbepo tuntun je gbigbe jade.

Lati igba ilominira, India ti ni awon isoro lati owojagidijagan esin, casteism, naxalism, isedaniloro ati latowo awon igbogunti oludase agbegbe, agaga ni Jammu ati Kashmir ati Ariwailaorun India. Lati igba awon odun 1990 awon idigbolu adaniloro ti nipa lori opolopo awon ilu India. India ni ariyanjiyan ile pelu orile-ede Olominira awon Eniyan ile Saina, to di ni odun 1962 Ogun Saina-India, ati pelu Pakistan, to fa awon ogun ni 1947, 1965, 1971 ati ni 1999. India je omo egbe adasile Iparapo awon Orile-ede (gege bi India Britani) ati Non-Aligned Movement. Ni odun 1974, India se nuclear test nipamo ati idanwo marun ni 1998, eyi so India di orile-ede to ni bombu inuatomu. Lati 1991, atundase okowo pataki ti so India di ikan ninu awon okowo to n dagba kiakia julo lagbaye, eyi fun lagbara pupo laye.

## Ijoba

Ilana-Ibagbepo ile India, to je ilana-ibagbepo togunjulo ati to kunrerejulo ti orile-ede alominira lagbaye, je gbigba bi ofin ni 26 January 1950. Akokoso ilana-ibagbepo yi setumo India gege bi orile-ede olominira toseluaralu sovereign, sosialisti, ti araaye. India ni ileasofin oniyewumeji to n sise bi sistemu onileasofin iru Westminster. Iru ijoba re je jijuwe pe o je bi 'quasi-federal' pelu gbongan to lagbara ati awon ipinle ti won ko lagbara, sugbon o ti di apapo diedie lati opin awon odun 1990 nitori awon iyipada oloselu, olokowo ati alawujo.

Aare ile India ni olori orile-ede to je didiboyan latowo igbimo onidiboyan fun igba odun marun kan. Alakoso Agba ni olori ijoba, ohun lo si segbese opo agbara alase. Gege bi yiyan latowo Aare,Alakoso Agba je titileyin latowo egbe oloselu tabi ifowosowopo oloselu to ni ogunlogo awon ijoko ni ile kekere Ileasofin. Apa ijoba apase ni Aare, Igbakeji Aare, ati Igbimo awon Alakoso (Kabinet ni igbimo apase re) ti olori re je Alakoso Agba. Alakoso yiowu to ni ipo gbodo je ikan ninu awon omo ile ileasofin. Ninu sistemu onileasofin ti India, apase wa labe asofin, nibi ti Alakoso Agba ati Igbimo re wa labe ile kekere.

Asofin ile India ni Ileasofin oniyewumeji, to ni ile oke ti o n je Rajya Sabha (Igbimo awon Ipinle) ati ile kekere to n je Lok Sabha (Ile awon Eniyan). Rajya Sabha, agbarajo aiyese, ni 245 omo egbe ti won wa nibe fun odun marun. Opo won je didiboyan taara latowo awon asofin ipinle ati agbegbe gege bi iye awon eniyan won.

## Awon ipinle India

Administrative divisions of India, including 28 states and 7 union territories.
**States:**

|  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. Andhra Pradesh
2. Arunachal Pradesh
3. Assam
4. Bihar
5. Chhattisgarh
6. Goa
7. Gujarat
 | 8. Haryana
9. Himachal Pradesh
10. Jammu and Kashmir
11. Jharkhand
12. Karnataka
13. Kerala
14. Madhya Pradesh
 | 15. Maharashtra
16. Manipur
17. Meghalaya
18. Mizoram
19. Nagaland
20. Orissa
21. Punjab
 | 22. Rajasthan
23. Sikkim
24. Tamil Nadu
25. Tripura
26. Uttar Pradesh
27. Uttarakhand
28. West Bengal
 |

**Union Territories:**

|  |
| --- |
| 1. Andaman and Nicobar Islands
2. Chandigarh
3. Dadra and Nagar Haveli
4. Daman and Diu
5. Lakshadweep
6. National Capital Territory of Delhi
7. Puducherry
 |

## Akojọ ti awọn olori ipinle ti Índíà

* Àkójọ àwọn olórí orílẹ̀-èdè ilẹ̀ Índíà
* Àkójọ ti àwọn Aare ti Índíà
* Ààrẹ ilẹ̀ Índíà

## Itokasi