# Dungganan nga Bungbong han Tsina

| Dungganan nga Bungbong han Tsina |
| --- |
| 万里长城 |
| The Great Wall of China at Jinshanling |
| Map of all the wall constructions |
| Kasahiran nga pagpasabot |
| Tipo |
Fortification |
| Nasod |  China |
| Mga koordinada | ﻿ / ﻿ |
| Mga detalye nga teknikal |
| Size |
21,196 km (13,171 mi) |
|  |
|
UNESCO World Heritage Site |
| *Official name: The Great Wall* |
| Type: |
Cultural |
| Criteria: |
i, ii, iii, iv, vi |
| Designated: |
1987 (11th session) |
| Reference No. |
438 |
| State Party: |
China |
| Region: |
Asia-Pacific |
|  |

|  |
| --- |
|  |
|
Chinese names |
| The Long Wall |
| Minat-an nga Tsinino | 長城 |
| Yinano nga Tsinino | 长城 |
|

| Mga transkripsyon |
| --- |
| Standard nga Minandarin |
| Hanyu Pinyin |
Chángchéng |
| Wade–Giles |
Ch'ang-ch'eng |

 |
| The 10,000-Mile Wall |
| Minat-an nga Tsinino | 萬里長城 |
| Yinano nga Tsinino | 万里长城 |
| Literal nga kahulogan | The 10,000-Mile Long Wall The Immeasurably-Long Long Wall |
|

| Mga transkripsyon |
| --- |
| Standard nga Minandarin |
| Hanyu Pinyin |
Wànlǐ Chángchéng |
| Wade–Giles |
Wan-li Ch'ang-ch'eng |

 |
|  |

An **Dungganan nga Bungbong han Tsina** o kundi man **Dako nga Pader han Tsina** amo an pader nga hinimo ha bato ngan tuna ha may amihanan han Tsina, para protektahan an amihanan nga katubtoban han Imperyo Tsina ha iya kaaway nga Xiongnu. Mayda ini kahalabaan nga 6,400 kilometro kwadrado.

## Pinanbasaran

## Mga reperensya

* Edmonds, Richard Louis (1985). *Northern Frontiers of Qing China and Tokugawa Japan: A Comparative Study of Frontier Policy*. University of Chicago, Department of Geography; Research Paper No. 213. ISBN 0-89065-118-3.
* Elliott, Mark C. (2001). *The Manchu Way: The Eight Banners and Ethnic Identity in Late Imperial China*. Stanford University Press. ISBN 978-0-8047-4684-7.
* Evans, Thammy (2006). *Great Wall of China: Beijing & Northern China*. Bradt Travel Guide. Bradt Travel Guides. p. 3. ISBN 1-84162-158-7.
* Haw, Stephen G. (2006). *Marco Polo's China: a Venetian in the realm of Khubilai Khan*. Volume 3 of Routledge studies in the early history of Asia. Psychology Press. ISBN 0-415-34850-1.
* Hessler, Peter (2007). "Letter from China: Walking the Wall". *The New Yorker* (21 Mayo 2007): 58–67.
* Karnow, Mooney, Paul and Catherine (2008). *National Geographic Traveler: Beijing*. National Geographic Books. p. 192. ISBN 1-4262-0231-8.
* Lindesay, William (2008). *The Great Wall Revisited: From the Jade Gate to Old Dragon's Head*. Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-03149-4.
* López-Gil, Norberto (2008). "Is it Really Possible to See the Great Wall of China from Space with a Naked Eye?" (PDF). *Journal of Optometry*. **1** (1): 3–4. doi:10.3921/joptom.2008.3. Ginhipos tikang han orihinal (PDF) han 2009-10-07. Ginkuhà 2015-01-30.
* Lovell, Julia (2006). *The Great Wall : China against the world 1000 BC - 2000 AD*. Sydney: Picador Pan Macmillan. ISBN 9780330422413.
* Rojas, Carlos (2010). *The Great Wall : a cultural history*. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press. ISBN 9780674047877.
* Slavicek, Louise Chipley; Mitchell, George J.; Matray, James I. (2005). *The Great Wall of China*. Infobase Publishing. p. 35. ISBN 0-7910-8019-6.
* Szabó, József; Dávid, Lóránt; Loczy, Denes, eds. (2010). *Anthropogenic Geomorphology: A Guide to Man-made Landforms*. Springer. ISBN 978-9-048-13057-3.
* Turnbull, Stephen R (January 2007). *The Great Wall of China 221 BC-AD 164*. Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84603-004-8.
* Waldron, Arthur (1983). "The Problem of The Great Wall of China". *Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies*. Harvard-Yenching Institute. **43** (2): 643–663. JSTOR 2719110.
* Waldron, Arthur (1988). "The Great Wall Myth: Its Origins and Role in Modern China". *The Yale Journal of Criticism*. Johns Hopkins University Press. **2** (1): 67–104.
* Waldron, Arthur (1990). *The Great Wall of China : from history to myth*. Cambridge England New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521427074.
* Yule, Sir Henry, ed. (1866). *Cathay and the way thither: being a collection of medieval notices of China*. Issues 36–37 of Works issued by the Hakluyt Society. Printed for the Hakluyt society.

## Padugang nga barasahon

* Arnold, H.J.P, "The Great Wall: Is It or Isn't It?" *Astronomy Now*, 1995.
* Beckwith, Christopher I. (2009): *Empires of the Silk Road: A History of Central Eurasia from the Bronze Age to the Present*. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-13589-2.
* Luo, Zewen, et al. and Baker, David, ed. (1981). *The Great Wall*. Maidenhead: McGraw-Hill Book Company (UK). ISBN 0-07-070745-6
* Man, John. (2008). *The Great Wall*. London: Bantam Press. 335 pages. ISBN 978-0-593-05574-8.
* Michaud, Roland and Sabrina (photographers), & Michel Jan, *The Great Wall of China*. Abbeville Press, 2001. ISBN 0-7892-0736-2
* Schafer, Edward H. (1985) *The Golden Peaches of Samarkand*. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-05462-2.
* Yamashita, Michael; Lindesay, William (2007). *The Great Wall — From Beginning to End*. New York: Sterling. 160 pages. ISBN 978-1-4027-3160-0.

## Mga sumpay ha gawas

* International Friends of the Great Wall Ginhipos 2009-02-17 han Wayback Machine – organization focused on conservation
* UNESCO World Heritage Centre profile
* Enthusiast/scholar website (Tsinino)

* Great Wall of China on *In Our Time* at the BBC. (listen now)
* Photoset of lesser visited areas of the Great Wall