# Bakterya

| *Bacteria* |
| --- |
|   |
| Siyentipiko nga pagklasipika |
|

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
| Ginhadi-an: | Animalia  |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda  |
| Ubosphylum: | Hexapoda  |
| Klase: | Insecta  |
| Orden: | Phasmida  |
| Banay: | Diapheromeridae  |
| Genus: | **Bacteria**  |

 |
| Binomial nga ngaran |
| **Bacteria**  |

| Bakterya |
| --- |
|  Scanning electron micrograph of *Escherichia coli* bacilli |
| Siyentipiko nga pagklasipika |
|

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
| Dominio: | **Bacteria**  |

 |
| Phyla |
| * **Gram positive / no outer membrane**

Actinobacteria (high-G+C)
Firmicutes (low-G+C)
Tenericutes (no wall)
* **Gram negative / outer membrane present**

Aquificae
Deinococcus-Thermus
Fibrobacteres–Chlorobi/Bacteroidetes (FCB group)
Fusobacteria
Gemmatimonadetes
Nitrospirae
Planctomycetes–Verrucomicrobia/Chlamydiae (PVC group)
Proteobacteria
Spirochaetes
Synergistetes
* **Unknown / ungrouped**

Acidobacteria
Chloroflexi
Chrysiogenetes
Cyanobacteria
Deferribacteres
Dictyoglomi
Thermodesulfobacteria
Thermotogae |

*Escherichia coli*
An **bakterya** amo an usa ka dako nga grupo hin tig-usa ka selula nga kagaw. An Bacteria in uska genus han Insecta. An *Bacteria* in nahilalakip ha familia nga Diapheromeridae.
Nasakop ini sin darako na *domain* san prokaryotic na mikroorganismo. Gamay ini ngan magkadurudilain an korte, sugad san *sphere*, *rods* ngan *spiral*. Usa ini san mga nauna na porma san kinabuhi sa kalibutan, ngan presente ini sa daramo na klase sin *habitat*. Naukoy ini sa baras, sa tubig, sa *acidic hot spring*, ngan *radioactive waste*, ngan higlarum na parte san *crust* san Kalibutan. Nabubuhi liwat an bakterya na *symbiotic* ngan *parasitic* sa mga tanaman ngan hayop. Nabubuhi ini sira bisan sa mga *manned spacecraft*.

## An Ginikangan ngan Ebolusyon

An ninuno san mga moderno na bakterya amo an mga *unicellular* na *microorganismo* na mga una na mga porma san kinabuhi sa Kalibutan, 4 kabilyones katuig an nakakalabay. Sadton 3 kabilyones katuig an nakalabay, *microscopic* natanan na organismo, ngan an bakterya ngan an archaea an mga dominante na porma san kinabuhi. Bisan kun may'ada sin fossil an bakterya, sugad san stromatolite, an kawara sin *distinctive morphology* san bakterya mao an rason na diri ini magamit san pag-eksaminar san kasaysayan san ebulosyun san bakterya, og ihap san edad san oras san pagtikang san partikular na specie san bakteria. Bisanpaman, an *gene sequences* pwede magamit san pag-*reconstruct* san phylogeny san bakterya, ngan sa mga pag'aram nagsusumat na an bakterya una na binulag tikang sa linyada san archaea/eukaryote.

## Ilarom nga taxa

* *Bacteria abnormis*
* *Bacteria aborigena*
* *Bacteria acuminatocercata*
* *Bacteria aetolus*
* *Bacteria amazonica*
* *Bacteria ambigua*
* *Bacteria annulicornis*
* *Bacteria apolinari*
* *Bacteria baculus*
* *Bacteria bahiensis*
* *Bacteria bicolor*
* *Bacteria bigranulosa*
* *Bacteria brasiliensis*
* *Bacteria brevitarsata*
* *Bacteria capitata*
* *Bacteria carrikeri*
* *Bacteria chacoensis*
* *Bacteria chaperi*
* *Bacteria chiriquensis*
* *Bacteria crassipes*
* *Bacteria cubaensis*
* *Bacteria culmus*
* *Bacteria dentatocercata*
* *Bacteria diademata*
* *Bacteria divertens*
* *Bacteria donskoffi*
* *Bacteria dreyfusi*
* *Bacteria ecuadorica*
* *Bacteria fasciata*
* *Bacteria ferula*
* *Bacteria foliolata*
* *Bacteria frustrans*
* *Bacteria gracilis*
* *Bacteria grossetuberculata*
* *Bacteria hastata*
* *Bacteria horni*
* *Bacteria iconicoffi*
* *Bacteria incolumis*
* *Bacteria indifferens*
* *Bacteria irregulariterspinosa*
* *Bacteria krugiana*
* *Bacteria laesa*
* *Bacteria laticauda*
* *Bacteria ligata*
* *Bacteria lobulata*
* *Bacteria longipes*
* *Bacteria lugens*
* *Bacteria magnifica.*
* *Bacteria maroniensis*
* *Bacteria modesta*
* *Bacteria montana*
* *Bacteria mutica*
* *Bacteria nigrolineata*
* *Bacteria nova*
* *Bacteria obtusa*
* *Bacteria ornata*
* *Bacteria pallidenotata*
* *Bacteria pan*
* *Bacteria paramodesta*
* *Bacteria parasanguinolenta*
* *Bacteria pastazae*
* *Bacteria peruana*
* *Bacteria ploiaria*
* *Bacteria quadrilobata*
* *Bacteria quadrispinosa*
* *Bacteria reclusa*
* *Bacteria sakai*
* *Bacteria sanguinolenta*
* *Bacteria serricauda*
* *Bacteria significans*
* *Bacteria simplex*
* *Bacteria straminea*
* *Bacteria tenella*
* *Bacteria tubulata*
* *Bacteria virgulata*
* *Bacteria yersiniana*

## Pinanbasaran

Ipakita an sayop: `<ref>` tag with name "COL" defined in `<references>` is not used in prior text.
## Dugang nga barasahon

* Alcamo IE (2001). *Fundamentals of microbiology*. Boston: Jones and Bartlett. ISBN 0-7637-1067-9.
* Atlas RM (1995). *Principles of microbiology*. St. Louis: Mosby. ISBN 0-8016-7790-4.
* Martinko JM, Madigan MT (2005). *Brock Biology of Microorganisms* (11th ed.). Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice Hall. ISBN 0-13-144329-1.
* Holt JC, Bergey DH (1994). *Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology* (9th ed.). Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 0-683-00603-7.
* Hugenholtz P, Goebel BM, Pace NR (15 Septyembre 1998). "Impact of culture-independent studies on the emerging phylogenetic view of bacterial diversity". *J Bacteriol*. **180** (18): 4765–74. PMC 107498. PMID 9733676. Ginhipos tikang han orihinal han 14 Septyembre 2008. Ginkuhà 16 Enero 2015.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
* Funke BR, Tortora GJ, Case CL (2004). *Microbiology: an introduction* (8th ed.). San Francisco: Benjamin Cummings. ISBN 0-8053-7614-3.
* Shively, Jessup M. (2006). *Complex Intracellular Structures in Prokaryotes (Microbiology Monographs)*. Berlin: Springer. ISBN 3-540-32524-7.

## Mga sumpay ha gawas

* MicrobeWiki Ginhipos 2015-02-06 han Wayback Machine, an extensive wiki about bacteria Ginhipos 2015-02-08 han Wayback Machine and viruses Ginhipos 2015-02-14 han Wayback Machine
* Bacteria that affect crops and other plants
* Bacterial Nomenclature Up-To-Date from DSMZ Ginhipos 2007-09-29 han Wayback Machine
* Genera of the domain Bacteria Ginhipos 2008-09-17 han Wayback Machine – list of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature
* The largest bacteria Ginhipos 2012-12-11 han Wayback Machine
* Tree of Life: Eubacteria Ginhipos 2014-10-21 han Wayback Machine
* Videos Ginhipos 2015-11-05 han Wayback Machine of bacteria swimming and tumbling, use of optical tweezers and other videos.
* Planet of the Bacteria Ginhipos 2019-06-22 han Wayback Machine by Stephen Jay Gould
* On-line text book on bacteriology Ginhipos 2008-09-13 han Wayback Machine
* Animated guide to bacterial cell structure.
* Bacteria Make Major Evolutionary Shift in the Lab
* Online collaboration for bacterial taxonomy. Ginhipos 2014-04-15 han Wayback Machine
* PATRIC, a Bioinformatics Resource Center for bacterial pathogens, funded by NIAID
* Bacterial Chemotaxis Interactive Simulator – A web-app that uses several simple algorithms to simulate bacterial chemotaxis.
* Cell-Cell Communication in Bacteria Ginhipos 2009-01-30 han Wayback Machine on-line lecture by Bonnie Bassler, and TED: Discovering bacteria's amazing communication system Ginhipos 2011-12-05 han Wayback Machine

## Image gallery

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