# Syensya

An **syensya** (tikang ha Linatin *scientia*, kasirigngon "kaaradman") amo an paghalikwat hin mga batun para madug-ngan an kaaradman, ngan an organisado nga bahin han kaaradman nga nabibilngan ha pamaagi hini.

An gintikangan han syensya mababaybay ngadto san *Ancient Egypt* ngan Mesopotamia sadton mga 3500 tobtob 3000 BCE. An ira kontribusyon sa mathematics, astronomiya , ngan pagtaga-medisina nagbug'os san philosopiya sadton mga sina-una na mga Greyego.

## Mga Sanga san Syensya

An moderno na syensya amo in binabahin sin tulo na sanga;  *natural sciences* (e.g., biology, chemistry, ngan physics), an pag' aram san mga butang na nakapalibot sa aton; an *social sciences*(e.g., economics, psychology, ngan sociology), an pag'aram adton mga indibiduwal ngan mga sosyodad; ngan an *formal sciences* (e.g., logic, mathematics, ngan theoretical computer science), na hiunung san mga *abstract concpt*. Lugaring la, may ada argumento kun an *formal sciences* matuod ba na syensya tungod kay diri ini ginpapasarig san *empirical evidence*.

Adton mga disciplina na nagamit san *existing scientific knowledge* para san praktikal na gamit, sugad san *engineering* ngan *medicine*, amo in gintatawag na  *applied sciences*.

## Pinanbasaran

## Mga reperensya

* Crease, Robert P. (2009). *The Great Equations*. New York: W.W. Norton. p. 317. ISBN 978-0-393-06204-5.
* Crease, Robert P. (2011). *World in the Balance: the historic quest for an absolute system of measurement*. New York: W.W. Norton. p. 317. ISBN 978-0-393-07298-3.
* di Francia, Giuliano Toraldo (1976). *The Investigation of the Physical World*. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-29925-X.   Originally published in Italian as *L'Indagine del Mondo Fisico* by Giulio Einaudi editore 1976; first published in English by Cambridge University Press 1981.
* Fara, Patricia (2009). *Science : a four thousand year history*. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 408. ISBN 978-0-19-922689-4.
* Feyerabend, Paul (1993). *Against Method* (3rd ed.). London: Verso. ISBN 0-86091-646-4.
* Feyerabend, Paul (2005). *Science, history of the philosophy*, as cited in Honderich, Ted (2005). *The Oxford companion to philosophy*. Oxford Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-926479-1. OCLC 173262485.
* Godfrey-Smith, Peter (2003). *Theory and Reality*. Chicago 60637: University of Chicago. p. 272. ISBN 0-226-30062-5.
* Feynman, R.P. (1999). *The Pleasure of Finding Things Out: The Best Short Works of Richard P. Feynman*. Perseus Books Group. ISBN 0-465-02395-9. OCLC 181597764.
* Heilbron, J. L. (editor-in-chief) (2003). *The Oxford Companion to the History of Modern Science*. New York: Oxford University Press.. ISBN 0-19-511229-6.
* Lindberg, D. C. (1976). *Theories of Vision from al-Kindi to Kepler*. Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Pr..
* Needham, Joseph (1954). "Science and Civilisation in China: Introductory Orientations". **1**. Cambridge University Press. Cite journal requires `|journal=` (help)
* Nola, Robert; Irzik, Gürol (2005). *Philosophy, science, education and culture*. Science & technology education library. **28**. Springer. ISBN 1-4020-3769-4.
* Papineau, David. (2005). *Science, problems of the philosophy of.*, as cited in Honderich, Ted (2005). *The Oxford companion to philosophy*. Oxford Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-926479-1. OCLC 173262485.
* Parkin, D. (1991). Philip M. Peek. ed. *African Divination Systems: Ways of Knowing*. Indianapolis, IN: Indiana University Press. .
* Polanyi, Michael (1958). *Personal Knowledge: Towards a Post-Critical Philosophy*. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-67288-3.
* Popper, Karl Raimund (1996) [1984]. *In search of a better world: lectures and essays from thirty years*. New York, NY: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-13548-6.
* Popper, Karl R. (2002) [1959]. *The Logic of Scientific Discovery*. New York, NY: Routledge Classics. ISBN 0-415-27844-9. OCLC 59377149.
* Stanovich, Keith E. (2007). *How to Think Straight About Psychology*. Boston: Pearson Education. ISBN 978-0-205-68590-5.
* Ziman, John (1978). *Reliable knowledge: An exploration of the grounds for belief in science*. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 197. ISBN 0-521-22087-4

## Dugang nga barasahon

* Augros, Robert M., Stanciu, George N., "The New Story of Science: mind and the universe", Lake Bluff, Ill.: Regnery Gateway, c1984. ISBN 0-89526-833-7
* Becker, Ernest (1968). *The structure of evil; an essay on the unification of the science of man*. New York: G. Braziller.
* Cole, K. C., *Things your teacher never told you about science: Nine shocking revelations* Newsday, Long Island, New York, 23 Marso 1986, pg 21+
* Feynman, Richard "Cargo Cult Science" Ginhipos 2009-03-04 han Wayback Machine
* Gaukroger, Stephen (2006). *The Emergence of a Scientific Culture: Science and the Shaping of Modernity 1210–1685*. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-929644-8.
* Gopnik, Alison, "Finding Our Inner Scientist" Ginhipos 2016-04-12 han Wayback Machine, Daedalus, Winter 2004.
* Krige, John, and Dominique Pestre, eds., *Science in the Twentieth Century*, Routledge 2003, ISBN 0-415-28606-9
* Levin, Yuval (2008). *Imagining the Future: Science and American Democracy*. New York, Encounter Books. ISBN 1-59403-209-2
* Kuhn, Thomas, *The Structure of Scientific Revolutions*, 1962.
* William F., McComas (1998). "The principal elements of the nature of science: Dispelling the myths". In McComas, William F.. *The nature of science in science education: rationales and strategies*. Springer. ISBN 978-0-7923-6168-8.
* Obler, Paul C.; Estrin, Herman A. (1962). *The New Scientist: Essays on the Methods and Values of Modern Science*. Anchor Books, Doubleday.
* Russell, Bertrand (1985) [1952]. *The Impact of Science on Society*. London: Unwin. ISBN 0-04-300090-8.
* Rutherford, F. James; Ahlgren, Andrew (1990). *Science for all Americans*. New York, NY: American Association for the Advancement of Science, Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-506771-1.
* Thurs, Daniel Patrick (2007). *Science Talk: Changing Notions of Science in American Popular Culture*. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press. pp. 22–52. ISBN 978-0-8135-4073-3.

## Mga sumpay ha gawas

**Publications "*GCSE Science textbook*". Wikibooks.org

**Mga balita Nature News. Science news by the journal *Nature*
* New Scientist. An weekly magazine published by Reed Business Information
* ScienceDaily
* Science Newsline
* Sciencia Ginhipos 2011-11-29 han Wayback Machine
* Discover Magazine
* Irish Science News from Discover Science & Engineering

**Resources Euroscience Ginhipos 2010-04-12 han Wayback Machine:
	+ "ESOF: Euroscience Open Forum". Ginhipos tikang han orihinal han 10 Hunyo 2010.
* Science Development in the *Latin American docta* Ginhipos 2009-05-04 han Wayback Machine
* Classification of the Sciences in *Dictionary of the History of Ideas*. (Dictionary's new electronic format is badly botched, entries after "Design" are inaccessible. *Internet Archive* old version).
* "Nature of Science" Ginhipos 2006-10-10 han Wayback Machine *University of California Museum of Paleontology*
* United States Science Initiative Selected science information provided by US Government agencies, including research & development results
* How science works *University of California Museum of Paleontology*