# Ukraine

*Wɔatwerɛ nsɛm wei ɛwɔ **Asante** kasa mu*

| **Ukraine** |
| --- |
|

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |  |

 |
|  |
| Ahenkuro | Kyiv |
| Mpɔtɛm | 603,628 km² |
| Nnipa dodoɔ | 41,167,336 ab. (2022) |

**Ukraine** (pronounciation of "Ukraine" ) (*Україна*) yε ɔman. Kro titiriw wɔ Kiev.Ɔman a ɛso sen biara wɔ Europa. Kasa atitiriw a wɔde di nkitaho ne Ukraine kasa, na nea ɛto so abien no yɛ Russia kasa esiane ɔman no atubrafo bere a atwam nti.

## Ɔman no Abakɔsɛm

Cossackfo Mfoniniyɛ, Ilya Repin
Wɔ afeha a ɛto so 7-9 mu no, Apuei Fam Slav mmusuakuw bɛtraa ha, na wɔn mu binom tu fii nnɛyi Ukraine asasesin mu kɔɔ nnɛyi Russia atɔe fam. Wɔ Mfinimfini Mmere no mu no, na aman abien yi nsase wɔ ɔman biako ase, na ne kurow titiriw ne Kiev. Wɔ afeha a ɛto so 12 mu no, Kievan man no fii ase paapaee yɛɛ no ​​ahemman ahorow a ɛsono emu biara.

Wɔ afeha a ɛto so 12 mu no, na Yuri Dolgoruky, Kievan ɔheneba Volodymyr Monomakh babarima a ɔto so asia no nni ahengua no ho tumi biara ma enti ofii ase gyee nsase a ɛwɔ atifi fam apuei no. Enti, wɔ afeha a ɛto so 12 mfinimfini no, Slav mmusuakuw puei wɔ Russia mfinimfini fam. Ansa na wɔreba no, na Finlandfo titiriw na wɔte Moscow a Yuri Dolgoruky hyehyɛɛ no. Ntawntawdi sɔree wɔ Vladimir-Suzdal Ahemman (ɛnnɛ Russia mfinimfini fam) ne Kiev Ahemman no ntam, na ɛmaa Kievan Rus gui wɔ 1169 mu.

Nkaedum a wɔde yɛ Ɔheneba Volodymyr a ɔde Kristosom baa Kyiv no, wɔ nkaedum sika bi so
Bere a Batu tow hyɛɛ wɔn so wɔ 1240 mu akyi no, Alexander Nevsky, atifi fam nsase so ɔheneba no bɛyɛɛ Batu ba a ɔfaa no sɛ ne ba, na biakoyɛ a wɔne Horde no yɛe no maa ne babarima Daniel a wadi mfe 16 no bɛyɛɛ Moscow ɔheneba a odi kan, na ɛno na ɛkyerɛɛ nnɛyi Russia mfiase. Mfinimfini mmere mu kurow foforo a ɛho hia wɔ nnɛyi Russia ne Veliky Novgorod a na ɛtaa ne Moscow bɔ abira na 1478 nkutoo na edii so nkonim.

Akyiri yi Ukraine ne Belarus tetew wɔn ho fii daakye Russia ho wɔ afeha a ɛto so 14 mu na wɔbɛyɛɛ Lithuania Ahemman Kɛse no fa (ɛde besi afeha a ɛto so 18 no, na nnipa baanu yi bɛn wɔn ho wɔn ho paa, na ɛnnɛ mpo Ukraine ne Belarus kasa no wɔ nsɛmfua koro no ara mu 84%).Wɔ afeha a ɛto so 15 awiei no, Sikakɔkɔɔ Kuw no mu paapaee bɛyɛɛ Crimea Khanate, Astrakhan Khanate, Kazan Khanate, ne Moscow Ahemman (Russia), a wɔko tiaa akodi ahorow pii a emu yɛ den, titiriw tiaa Lithuania Ahemman Kɛse no. Ná wɔtaa ko wɔ Smolensk kurow no ho. Wɔhyehyɛɛ Russiafo no fii Apuei Fam Slav mmusuakuw mu na wɔbɛyɛɛ ɔman a wɔatew wɔn ho wɔ Muscovite man no bere so wɔ afeha a ɛto so 16 mu.

Nkaedum a wɔde yɛ Ɔheneba Volodymyr a ɔde Kristosom baa Kyiv no, wɔ nkaedum sika bi so
Wɔ afeha a ɛto so 15 ne 16 mu no, wɔhyehyɛɛ Ukrainefo atitiriw - Zaporizhian Cossacks, akofo a wɔbɔɔ ɔman no ho ban fii afipamfo ntua ho. Russiafo baa Ukraine nsase so wɔ afeha a ɛto so 17 mu, na esiane ɔko a Ukrainefo dii de hwehwɛɛ ahofadi ne Poland nhyɛso wɔ 1648-1654 mu nti, wɔ Bohdan Khmelnytsky akanni ase no, wɔne Russia yɛɛ apam wɔ 1654 mu.

Na wommu Ukrainefo sɛ wɔn ankasa nnipa dodow no fa ma enti na wɔtaa yɛ adwuma wɔ tebea horow a emu yɛ den mu wɔ Russia mmusuakuw nsase so, na wobu apam a wɔyɛe wɔ 1654. (Ukrainefo 10,000 wuwui esiane tebea horow a ɛnyɛ nnipa de bere a na wɔresi Ladoga Asubɔnten no.) Eyi maa Hetman Ivan Mazepa tumi yɛɛ ɔman anidan wɔ 1708 mu, na obuu apam a ɔne Russia yɛe no so na ɔsrɛɛ sɛ wɔmma Sweden nyɛ apam

Wɔ afe 1775 mu no, Russia sɛee Ukraine Cossackfo ne wɔn abankɛse Sich, na ɛde Ukrainefo pii yɛɛ nkoa ne Russification nhyehyɛe - Ukraine kasa ne amammerɛ a Russia atumfoɔ sɛee no wɔ aban kwan so. Saa nhyehyɛe yi ho nhwɛso a agye din sen biara ne Ems Edict (Эмский указ) ne Peter Valuev Edict (Валуевский циркуляр), a ɛbaraa Ukrainefo sɛ wɔmfa wɔn kurom kasa nni dwuma.

Russia Ɔman no mu Nsɛm ho Ɔsoafo Pyotr Valuev ahyɛde fi 1863: Ukraine kasa no nni hɔ, na obiara a ogye di sɛ ɛwɔ hɔ no yɛ Russia tamfo.
Wɔ 1914 mu no, Ɔhempɔn Nicholas II baraa Taras Shevchenko, Ukraine anwensɛm kyerɛwfo bi a wagye din awo mfe 100 afahyɛ wɔ Russia Ahemman no mu.

Wɔ 1917 mfiase no, February Ɔman Anidan a Alexander Kerensky dii anim no tuu ahemman nniso no fii hɔ , na ɛmaa nnipa a kan no na wɔhyɛ wɔn so no nyaa hokwan ko maa wɔn ahofadi.

Bere a Lenin baa tumidi akyi no, ofii ɔmanko ase wɔ kan Russia Ahemman no mu, titiriw wɔ 1917–1921 mu wɔ Ukraine People’s Republic ne Soviet Russia ntam, a ɛmaa wɔkyekyɛɛ Ukraine mu wɔ Poland ne Russia ntam (efi 1922 - sɛ Soviet Union fa).

Wɔ 1932-1933 mu no, Soviet aban a na ɛhyɛ Joseph Stalin ase no na ɛde Holodomor (ɔkɔm a nnipa de bae) bae, a aman pii a ɛwɔ wiase nyinaa gye tom sɛ ɛyɛ mmusuakuw asetɔre a wɔde tia Ukrainefo na ekunkum nnipa bɛyɛ ɔpepem 10.

Tete Nneɛma Akorae a Ɛhwɛ Ɔkɔm-Mmusuakuw asetɔre a ɛbae wɔ 1932-1933 mu wɔ Kyiv, a wɔyɛe bere a Soviet Union gui akyi no
Wɔ 1937 mu no, NKVD (akyiri yi USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs) too Ukrainefo anyansafo, mfoniniyɛfo, ne nyansahufo pii tuo, na wosiee wɔn afunu wɔ Bykivnyanskyi Kwae a ɛwɔ Kyiv, faako a wɔyɛɛ nkaedum bi bere a USSR gui akyi no.

Wɔ 1941-1945 mu no, Nasifo kunkum Ukrainefo 1/5.

Wɔ 1960-1980 mfe no mu no, Soviet aban no hyɛɛ wɔn a wɔsɔre tia no so, de wɔn guu afiase anaasɛ wɔde wɔn guu adwenemyare ayaresabea ahorow. Ná Vasyl Stus yɛ wɔn a wɔsɔre tia no a wɔagye din sen biara no mu biako. Wɔ 1985-1991 mu no, Soviet Union gui esiane demokrase mu nsakrae nti.

Vladimir Putin dii tumi mprɛnsa so wɔ afe 2012 mu akyi no, Russia fii ase siw kasa mu ahofadi ano na ɛmaa n’asraafo a wɔbɛn Ukraine no yɛɛ kɛse, na ɔsan nso yɛɛ nsɛm a ɛnteɛ ho ɔsatu kɛse bi tiaa ɔman no. Nea ɛbɛyɛ na Ukraine ɔmampanyin Viktor Yanukovych abɔ ne tumi ho ban no, ɔtoo nsa frɛɛ Russia asraafo wɔ afe 2013 mu, na ɛno maa nnipa pii yɛɛ ɔsɔretia a wɔfrɛ no Euromaidan

Donetsk wimhyɛn gyinabea, a Russia akofofo ne wɔn satellite ahorow sɛee no wɔ ɔko a wɔko tiaa Ukraine no mu, bere a wɔfaa kurow no wɔ afe 2014 mu akyi.
Wɔ February 20, 2014, bere a na Yanukovych wɔ Kyiv no, Russia fii ase faa Crimea a ɛwɔ Ukraine kesee fam no, na akyiri yi ɛboaa Yanukovych ma oguan. Wɔ April 12, 2014 no, Russia fii ntua ase wɔ Ukraine apuei fam bere a asraafo a Igor Girkin a ɔyɛ Russia Ahobammɔ Dwumadibea (FSB) panyin di wɔn anim no faa Sloviansk kurow no. Wɔ April 13, 2014 no, Ukraine fii ase yɛɛ adwuma a wɔde ko tia amumɔyɛfo (ATO) de siw ntua yi ano.

Eduu afe 2022 no, Russia nam abofra "Donetsk People's Republic" a Moscow nam Russia amammuifo Alexander Borodai so di so koraa no so fii ɔko a edi mũ ase tiaa Ukraine. Wɔ afe 2022 mu no, nnipa pii a wɔsɔre tiaa ɔko no huu amane wɔ Russia
.

Wɔ Ukraine no, Russia reyɛ ɔko mu nsɛmmɔnedi a anibere wom, te sɛ atopae a wɔtow gu mmeae a nnipa te, nkurow te sɛ Mariupol a wɔsɛe no, ne nsɛmmɔnedi a wɔyɛ tia ɔmanfo a wɔnyɛ asraafo de hu ɔsɔretia no na wɔhyɛ wɔn so, a mmofra a wɔkyere wɔn sie na wɔpam wɔn ka ho. Nsɛmmɔnedi a enye koraa a wɔde tia ɔmanfo a wɔnyɛ asraafo wɔ Ukraine ne okunkɛse a esii wɔ Bucha wɔ March 2022 mu no.

Russia asraafo kunkum Ukrainefo a wɔnyɛ asraafo wɔ Bucha, yɛɛ wɔn ayayade nna pii, na afei wɔtow tuo guu wɔn ti akyi. Mfonini a ɛkyerɛ nkae a wohuu wɔ adan a ɛwɔ fam no biako mu.
Wɔ nsasesin a wɔafa no mu no, Russiafo fii ase sɛee Ukraine nhoma ahorow wɔ sukuu ahorow, tete nneɛma akorae, ne nhomakorabea ahorow a ɛne Russiafo nsɛmmɔnedi nhyia mu, na wɔyɛɛ nea wɔfrɛ no "filtration camps" a wɔde ɔmanfo a wɔnyɛ asraafo guu afiase na wɔyɛɛ wɔn ayayade.

Asɛm a Timofey Sergeytsev, Russiani amammuisɛm ho ɔbenfo ne nyansapɛfo kyerɛwee, "Dɛn na Ɛsɛ sɛ Russia Ne Ukraine Yɛ?" (Russia kasa: Что Россия должна сделать с Украиной?) no, abakɔsɛm kyerɛwfo Timothy Snyder afrɛ no "Russiafo mmusuakuw asetɔre ho adesua nhoma"”.

## Nsrahwɛfo ho nsɛm

* Abakɔsɛm mu beae titiriw, Kiev
* Abakɔsɛm mu beae titiriw, Lviv
* Abakɔsɛm mu beae titiriw, Kharkiv
* Ɔhotefo Elizabeth Abankɛse no, Kropyvnytskyi
* Opera agoprama, Odesa
* Kurow no mfinimfini, Kherson
* Agoruhwɛbea, Mykolaiv

## Sources a ɛwɔ link no mu

## Map

 Ростовська область
### Ростовська область

 Одеська область
### Одеська область

 Харківська область
### Харківська область

 Полтавська область
### Полтавська область

 Сумська область
### Сумська область

 Мапа Mapa??11