# Belarus

Flag of Belarus-Kwoci *Payorosu*（白俄羅斯國旗）
# Belarus（白俄羅斯）

Gaga kska Owcow ka Belarus, 53 00 N, 28 00 E ka gaga na nniqan.

Kana ka knlbangan na o 207,600 sq km（hangan na o Tg86）

(knlbanga dxgal o 202,900 sq km, knlbangan qsiya o 4,700 sq km).

Kana ka sejiqun o niqan 9,570,376 hiyi.

Gaga Minsk ka pusu alang paru, jiyax 3 idas 7 ka jiyax skrayan klwaan.

Manu ka dxgal Belarus ga wada sugan 43.70% ka dxgal qpahan, 42.70% ka dxgal bbuyu, rahuq dxgal do niqan 13.60% na.

Bukung klwaan ta sayang o kiya ka Alexander Lukashenko, pnaah hngkawas1994 idas 7 jiyax 20pnrajing kmlawa klwaan.

File:Coat of arms of Belarus (1995-2021).svg- Kwohwey(國徽)
File:Europe-Belarus.svg-Ida nkiya nniqan lnglingay(自然地理位置)
cinkhulan sa knita’ sa brbiru’

## *Payorosu(*白俄羅斯)

*Payorosu Konghokwo* (Kari *Payorosu*：Беларусь， brnahun matas: *Biełaruś；IPA：[bʲɛlaˈrusʲ]*；Kari *Orosu*：Беларусь，IPA：[bʲɪlɐˈrusʲ]) plwanan “*Payorosu*” mi lxanun lmawa “*Paye*”spatas seyhu hangan cyokoku u “*Payrosu*” , wa mniq *Tongo* u *neyru* klwanan, *sotu* u *Mingsuko. Payorosu Suweyay Sehweycuyi Konghokwo u wada dukuricu kngkawas 1991 idas 8 diyax 25, mntna kngkawas idas 9 diyax 19 cida pa knpriyux hangan “Payorosu Konghokwo”. Payorosu u tunarac mi tudaya pa mssiyaw Orosu, turahuc u msqapah* Ukoran, tuiril u msupu *Poran* mi *Ritawwan* mi *Ratoweyya* mssiyaw, kana knlbangan dxral knlwanan u 207,600 *pinghwang kongri*, knhbrawan kana sediq u 950 knbkiyan hiyi (kngkawas 2018), hbaraw bay ka wa mniq *Mingkosu* mi msdalih beyring alang mkbrnux, ya bay 80% knhbrawan sediq u tnpusu bay mntuting nanaq sediq *Payorosu*, pusu bay *sawsumincu* spuda bnkuwan u sediq *Orosu* mi sediq *Poran* mi sediq *Ukeran*. Kndadax 1955 da u, wada ngalun kari srngaw *seyhu* ka kari *Payorosu* mi kari *Orosu*. *Keypo Payorosu pa ini pdungus bay phiyu snhiyan knlwanan, knhbaraw bay ka smluhay Orosu Tongcengkyo, thiti da u Roma Teysukyo, kiya mi ou bay diyax smsung Kiristokyo (so diyax smsung tntuyan hnqilan Yesu………) u wada Psdhun diyax sngayan knlwanan uri.*

## Pusu pnyahan kari (辭源)

*Payorosu（Белару́сь）*mniq kari *Payorosu* pa dungus na u *“*mbhuway ka *Rosu”,* kiya mi “bhuway” u ririh sa rakaw mbhuway *“Rosu”* mi *“Orosu”* pa dungus na u mntna bay kingal kari, Telu mi sediq *Rosu* u uka pnluban, sediq *Mongku* mquri tuiril mccbu cida u, hana mnwaluk sediq *Rosu*, kari rudan cbiyaw *Mongku u naqah matas “r” ka pnrdingan, so kiya sediq Mongku hiya mubahang kari Rosu, so kiya, spuda kari Mongku Opos mi brahun hnang u Orosu da. Белару́сь u brahun kari Telu ka cbiyaw u “Pyeyrorusiya” .... Binasw bnrahan kari Telu jidayi saya daw dmuwi bay “Payorosu”. Kari Surahu “mbhuway” u mntna hari pnhnang kari Telu “bhuway”, binaw ini pntna ka pusu dungus kari, wada nanaq so mntna ka hnang, uka balay bay pnluban ka pusu dungus kari.*

Bnrahan kari *Telu “Payorosu”* u dungus hnang na, kiya mi pnlngu bay dungus na uri.

Ini *dukuricu* ka *Payorosu* cida han pa, hangan na *ego* u pneyyah kari *Orosu “Byelorussia”*, babaw *dukuricu* ka *Payorosu* daw kasi duwi bnrahan kari *Payorosu “Belarus”*.

### Tnhangan *Payorosu* quri mbhuway u ou kluwanan kari:

1. 13 *seyki* dhuq 14 *seyki* iyax cida, sediq *Sio* thngayan dha *Payorosu* ka kana nniqan *Payorosu* saya sediq *Surahu* snluhay *Kiristokyo*. Mniq tuiril dha ka sediq *Poroti* ini pntna snhiyan u Mqalux *Rosu*, mniq tunarac dha saya ka sediq *Ukoran* u Mbanah *Rosu*.
2. Sediq *Payorosu*(tnpusu sediq *Surahu*) u snkuxul lukus mbhuway, so kiya mangal tmhangan niyi.
3. 13 *seyki* dhuq 14 *seyki* iyax cida, sediq *Sio* thngayan dha *Payorosu* ka kana nniqan *Payorosu* saya sediq *Surahu* snluhay *Kiristokyo*.
4. Mniq kngkawas 1267 brah cida ini hay knnrmux *Mongku tikwo* ka sediq *Rosu* u sediq Mbhuway *Rosu*. Pnusa patas pkla kari ka *Payorosu cuhwa tasukwan*, dungus na *Payorosu* u niqan “*dukuricu*, mtrawah, uxay sbkuy qaqay mi bawa *nsediq Tatan Mongku* ” ka dungus niya.

Kngkawas 2018 idas 3 diyax 16*, Payorosu mnnniq Conghwa jenmin tasukwan u pquri nganguc pusa kari, brahun kari Telu ka hangan knlwanan dha u Payrosu.*

## Rikisi*（*歷史）

File:Grand Duchy of Lithuania Rus and Samogitia 1434.jpg（直到1434年，立陶宛大公國的位置，整個白俄羅斯是立陶宛一部分）
Patas bntasan:Soviet guerilla.jpgFile:Soviet guerilla.jpg（1943年，白俄羅斯的最前線抗德游擊隊）
*Kongweyn* 9 *seyki* dhuq 11 *seyki*, *jidayi* saya dxral kana *Payorosu* u nsediq *Weycing* mniq *kongyeyn* kngkawas 862 pnhiyu *Cihurosu*, kingal thdiqan bay qnlhangan pneyyah *Ryoriko wangcaw* ka knlwanan *Tongsurahu*.

Mniq *Cihurosu* *takong* *Yarosurahu 1su* wada mrdang kngkawas 1054 daw, wada kndudul pswayay ou *dukuricu* klualang *kongkwo* ka *Cihurosu*.

Dhuq 9 mi 10 *seyki* cida, *Payorosu* turahuc mi tudaya saya phiyu *Porocuko* mi *Turohu*-*Pingsuko* *dkongkwo*.

Kndadax 13 dhuq 14 *seyki* daw msupu *Ritawwan takongkwo*, pnrdingan phiyu *Ritawwan takongkwo* u alaw quri *keyjay*, kiya hiti na u seyji mi waya sediq mnniq dxral *Payorosu* hini pa mntna bay, 13 *seyki* ka *Mongku* mquri *Orosu* knnrmux cida, yahan qmlahang ini qbsiyaq kngkawas sediq *Mongku Cincanghankwo* ka *Payorosu*, peyyah hini mcbu *Sio* mi *Poran*, beytaq miyah turahuc knnrmux *Cihu* ka *Ritawwan* *takongkwo*, wada ini baka ka *budayi Mongku*, kiya mi muda qndriqan qnlqilan ka dxral niyi.

Kngkawas 1386 idas 2 diyax 2 cida spuda pnstrngan ddha *Ritawwan takongkwo*  mi *Poran* daw wada msupu phiyu *Kongcu pangryeyn*.

Mndungus bay pnspuwan ka ddha knlwanan niyi u kiya ka kngkawas 1596 cida spuda *Rupurin* u qulung bay wada msupu phiyu *Poran Ritawwan*.

Kngkawas 1696 cida kari *Poran* ka wada rmirih kari *Payorosu* mi ngalan kari srngaw *seyhu*, kiya mi cida daw wada pusa kari ngalan dha smliq waya ka rmngaw kari *Payorosu*.

Kngkawas 1486 sediq *Mosuko* Iban 3su u smatang spuda mccbu pkngalun kana ka *Curosu* *kongkwo*, quri so dxral *Payorosu* mi *Ukoran* mi iril *Orusu*.

Kngkawas 1795, *Orosu tikwo* mi *Purusu* mi *Awtiri* bnbur pquri mddayak *Poran*, Pnluban *pangryeyn Poran* mi *Ritawwan* pa wada pkngatun, iyax niyi u dxral *Payorosu* pa wada mndxral *Orosu tikwo*.

*Sao Nikura 1su* mi *Yarisanta 3su* ka mbukung qmlahang cida, alaw hhmtur *Poran* mi *Orosu* da *mibungka Payorosu* u wada prtan mi spoxan.

19 *seyki* ka *Payorosu* u wada ngalun *jidayi* saya mtkla quri knkla *minjoku* mi *jidayi* krinah niqan *singko* dha nanaq ka *Payorosu*.

Mpqdu ka tumntxan mccbu kngkawas 1918 idas 3 diyax 25, *Pureysuto-Ritawhusuko* patas pnsdhuwan ida wisu mppstuq kari cida, dndulan quri uuda *bokusing* knlwanan *Doyicu* wada dha ngalun ka *Payo* mi *Ukoran* mi knlwanan *Porotihay*, *Payorosu* ka muwaya balay pusa kari *dukuricu*, spuda dndulan knlwanan *Doyicu* phiyu *Payorosu Jnmin Konghokwo*.

Binaw lmutuc ka mccbu *PoSu*, wada so tnayis bay ka *konghocngti* mi dxral tunarac mi tuiril u wada ulkun *Orosu* *Suweyay Ryeynpang Sehwey Cuyi Konghokwo* mi *Poran* tudha *Konghokwo*.

Kngkawas 1919 idas 1 diyax 1, *Suweyay Okwo* mniq dxral unlkan na *Payorosu* pusa kari phiyu *Payorosu Sehwey Cuyi Konghokwo*.

Kiya mi thiti daw mccbu cida kari bay dxral ka wada ulkan *Poran*, Kiya mi thiti daw mccbu cida kari bay dxral ka wada ulkan *Poran*, iyux muda cmiyux pprngaw *Poran* ka *Suo*, mniq iada 7 diyax 17 cida balay bay ptalax *Ritawwan-Payorosu Suweyay Sehweycuyi Konghokwo*.

*Suweyay Okwo* u mniq kngkawas 1920 idas 7 mntxal umluk *Mingsuko* dungan, idas 7 diyax 31 cida snburah phiyu *Payorosu Suweyay Sehwey Cuyi Konghokwo*.

Kngkawas 1921, mnhdu ka mccbu *PoSu* rngiyan dha ka quri so pprngawan *Payorosu*, saya u dxral tuiril *Payorosu* u *nPoran*. Kngkawas 1922 idas 12 diyax 30,

*Payorosu* *Suweyay Sehwey Cuyi Konghokwo* pa bnatas pnsdhuwan phiyu *Suryeyn*, Wada mtuspac tumal *konghokwo* pnhyuwan *Suryeyn* cida.

Mnccbu tumndha cida, kngkawas 1941 idas 6 diyax 22 *Nacwey Doyicu* ka miyah knnrmux *Suryeyn*, prading mccbu ka *Suryeyn* mi *Doyicu*, muda ckcka elu ka *Doyicu* u wada mangal *Payorosusohu* *Mingsuko*, wada pspuwan *Doyicu* ka *Payorosu* mi Tturu knlwanan *Porotihay* mi ngalan na *Awsuran Congtu Syacyu*, kngkawas 1944 butayi *Suryeyn* u cmiyuk cnbu *Doyicu* u kiya ka wada plaxan. Iyax cida u wada mqraqil bay ndanan kana tumal *Suryeyn konghokwo* ka *Payorosu*, mniq diyax cida, *Nacwey Doyicu* pa 290 mkbrnux alang u wada sliqun 209, kiya mi *85% kongyey* mi 100 knbkiyan sapah ka wada sliqun kana.

Pnuda mnhdu mnccbu mi kndudul mkrana, wada knmalu dungan ka *kongyey Payorosu*, kiya mi wada mpusu bay mpsalu qqiya tuiril *Suryeyn*, pprana sngtangan qqpahun, dmudul sediq *Orosu* miyax qnpah.

Kngkawas 1986, ssiyaw *Payorosu* knlwanan *Ukoran* u mnuda *Cenopi bakudang hacideynsyo suku*, alaw ka sbhuran mi quri nniqan, wada mchdil bay snrtiqan na tunarac turahuc *Komeyrico* mi *Mociryawhuco* ddha *co* niyi.

Kngkawas 1991 idas 8 diyax 25, spuda dnlulan *Payorosu Kyosangto*, hangan knlwanan u kndadax “*Payorosu Suweyay Sehwey Cuyi Konghokwo*” wada knpriyux

“*Payorosu Knghokwo*” . Wada mkrhak ka *Suryeyn* daw, kngkawas 1991 diyax 8 diyax 25 cida wada pusa kari *dukuricu* ka *Payorosu*.

*Mndukuricu* 3 kngkawas cida, kngkawas 1994 idas 6 diyax 24 mi idas 7 diyax 10 mndha umaw *Soto* cida, mnuka blbalay hhangan ka *Yarisanta Rukasnko* pa kasi mntxan slxan niqan hhhangan mniq knlwanan.

Tumntxan bnkuwan *seyngkyo* u wada mangal 45% ka *xyo* na, tumndha bnkuwan *seyngkyo* daw wada mangal 80% ka mneytaq hiya mi wada na ini baka ka *Weyyacyeysurahu Hurancayweyci Kopici* mnangal 14% balay *xyo*, mi wada mangal *soto*.

Bukuy na kngkawas 2001 mi kngkawas 2006 mi kngkawas 2015 *seyngkyo* cida u snpusal mangal *soto*.

Qnita dha *jncweyn kwanca* mi pnssliyan *kwocitoso* pa niqan *weycweyn cuyi* ka ndanan na *Rukasnko seyhu*.

## Seyji/Cngc*（*政治）

File:CSTO Collective Security Council meeting Kremlin, Moscow 2012-12-19 01.jpeg（總統盧卡申科（右），與俄羅斯總統普京（左）握手，2012年12月）
File:Btr-d Belarus.jpg（白俄羅斯裝甲車）
File:Belarus-Volot Transporting T-72-1.jpg（白俄羅斯T-72）
*Payorosu* u *konghokwo* muda muwaya *soto*, spuda *soto* mi *kokoingkay* ka pnspuwan *seyhu*, pnuda kngkawas 1994 pnwaya *keyngpo*, mnrima kngkawas muda umaw ntxan *soto* *seyngkyo*, kngkawas 1996 cida bnkuwan diyax *soto* u 5 kngkawas han mi wada pryuxan 7 kngkawas bnkuwan mntxan, *kokoingkay syayiyeyn* u pnspuwan 110 hiyi knhbrawan, *sangyiyeyn* u pnspuwan 64 hiyi knhbrawan.

Binaw, kndadax dukuricu dhuq saya ka *Payorosu* pa ida nanaq *Rukasnko* ka phyuwan *soto*, muda *seyngkyo soto* pa wada dha chnganun ini mtduwa mi ini mtbalay(*not fair and open*).

Niqan ka krinaq bay tnkari “nhdanan bay kingal *tucay cngcweyn* ” ka *Payorosu*.

## Tiri（地理）

*Payorosu* u wa mniq tuckcka *Oco*, kiya u taxa *neyru* knlwanan, mnslutuc sqapah knlwanan u niqan tunarac *Orosu*, mi tudaya *Ratoweyya*, *Poran*, tuiril daya *Ritawwan*, kiya mi turahuc ka *Ukoran*.

Knlbangan kana dxral na *Payorosu* pa *20.76 knbkiyan pinghwang kongri, qnsthyaqan turahuc mi tudaya u 560 kongri, qnsthyaqan tunarac mi tuiril u 650 kongri.*

Nniqan *Payorosu* u mkbrnux narac *Oco*, mbrnux mi ttruma ka dxral mi to so bay yayung mhuriq dxral, mmaku qringan qqhuni lmiqu u dhuq *40％*, tududux bay duwiyaq u duwiyaq *Ceyarjnsuko*, *haypa 345 meyta*, utruma bay nniqan wa mniq yayung *Nyeyman* u 90 *meyta*.

Yayung beyhing mi tiping pa niqan 2 knbkiyan sngari, knbbaraw u 9.06 knbkiyan kongri.

Pusu bay yayung niqan yayung *Tinyeypo* mi yayung *Puripiyaci* mi yayung *Sitoweyna* mi yayung *Nyeyman* mi yayung *Soju*, niqan 6 bnkuwan yayung pa hmrinas 500 *kongri*.

Yayung *Nyeyman* pquri tuiril daya mquri ucilung *Proti*, yayung *Puripiyaci* u pquri tunarac mi msturung yayung *Tinyeypo* daw mquri Ucilung qalux.

Niqan 1 knbkiyan langu mi kana knlbangan na u 2000 *pinghwang* *kongri* ka *Payorosu*, knbeyhing bay knrbangan langu na langu *Nraci* u niqan 79.6 *pinghwang kongri*,  wada knmalu bay tnhnganan dha ka “knlwanan knbkiyan langu”.

Kiya mi niqan uri ka 130 sngari langu sliyan qsiya, mndungus bay ka dduwi ana manu quri qqsiya.

Kntlxan na karac u mniq knmuxul nniqan karac  *tarusing* mi karac *hayyangsing*.

Karac misan pa so muxul kiya, karac idas 1 tuiril trahuc u ya bay *−4℃（Puryeysuto）*ka knskuy na, karac tunarac daya u -*8℃（Weycyeypusuko）*.

Karac rbawan pa mtltu mi mhhuriq, ya bay *18℃* ka kntlxan na.

Tnkawas nyahan qsiya u *550 hawmi～～700 hawmi*.

## Cuyeyn (資源）

Kari bay *kwangcan cuyeyn* niya ka *Payorosu*, 30 kluwanan kwangu ka msasu 4000 sngari nniqan kwangcyu, spruwan bay kwang pa sdan ha ka *cyayeyn*, snsliyan namniq kana *Oco* u wa mniq tubrah, malu kriyan 20~115 kngkawas.

Uxay *kwang cuyeyn* u niqan btasil *hwakang* mi btasil *payyun* mi basil *seykay* mi claq qbulic mi *payya* mi *jyaryaw* hhmtur puniq mi *yanyeyntu*.

Snsliyan *nitan* u *44 oku twen* (snsliyan kana *Suryeyn* cbiyaw u 36% ka snsliyan *Payorosu*).

Mttuku balay ka *cuyeyn* qqsiya mmahan mi qqsiya ddiyun mnarux.

Mmaku qringan qqhuni lmiqu u dhuq 36*％,* knrbangan ida nkiya qqhuni u 19%.

Snsliyan npaqan qhuni u *10.93 oku rihwangmi*, kngkawas pqriyun nganguc ka npaqan qhuni u ya bay *500* knbkiyan *twen*.

Kiya mi, mniq ckcka dxral *Payorosu* pa niqan *3.1* knbkiyan lnlamu kluwanan ccamac.

## Singcng-cyuhwa（行政區劃）

File:Subdivisions of Belarus.png（數字1為明斯克市、2為布列斯特州、3為戈梅利州、4為格羅德諾州、5為莫吉廖夫州、6為明思克州、7為維捷布斯克州）
 Kana knlwanan *Payorosu* pa psnakan dha 7 ka knlwanan *ici singcngcyu*, kiya kana ka *6 co*（*вобласць*） mi kingal maci niqan *dukuricu singcngcyu* hnyuwan na *sotu* *Mingsuko*.

* Puryeysutoco Komeyrico Korotonwoco Mociryawhuco Minsukosu Mingsukoco Weycyeypusukoco

## Keyjay（經濟）

File:50000-rubles-Belarus-2000-b.jpg（50000白俄羅斯盧布鈔票正面）
Knmalu bay ka qpahun quri *kongyey Payorosu*, qpahun mpsalu *kikay* mi *yeycin cyakongyey* mi *kikay* ddiyun qpahun mi *tyeyncu* mi *reyso cisu* u niqan bay knklanan mi knnrana balay, qpahun *IT* u niqan bay knklanan uri, qpahun ppwalang mi qpahun tnbuwan u niqan bay knklanan uri, pnhmanan bunga tumun mi sama chiya mi *yama* … u unhiyan na pa mniq ckcka knlwanan *dukuricu kwosyey* u tubrah kana.

Kngkawas 2005 unhiyan na kana ckcka knlwanan pa mrana *9.2%*, *kongyey* u mrana *10.4%*, qpahun ppwalang u *2.1%*.

## Knhbrawan sediq（人口）

Knhbrawan kana sediq *Payorosu* pa *989.86* knbkiyan hiyi（kngkawas 2003 idas 1), kawas kawas u wada kndudul mlih.

Pusu *minjoku Payorosu joku* knhbrawan na u *81.2%*, *Orosu joku* u *11.4%* knhbrawan, knhbrawan na *Poran joku* u *3.9%*, Endukuy dow musa tuhuy Awcow cincikontonti da.

Thdin cida ka Piris u niqan dh aka pusa bay thdiya dha dxral mi kbhran ayus dxral, dxral Ruanta- Uron mi Pisukankow, kiya saya na sow Kan-kow-micu-konhkow.

Pisukankow u knkawas 1885 enda kaygi P oring kiya wada sbuway bukung Piris Riawpotears .

Dxral Riawpote u shangan dha Kankowcyowpan, ngalan dha endxral dha nanaq.

Da, spuda dha sowmqraqir bay qmlahang, cida u hmaan dha ou bay qhuni Siyanciyaw, kiya pttuku babaw dxral sow knuo na Siyanciyaw papak rulu.

knhbrawan na *Ukoran joku* u *2.4%*, knhbrawan *Yodaya joku* u *0.3%*, *minjoku* iicil u *0.8%*.

## Snhiyan（宗教）

Knhbrawan bay sediq *Payorosu* pa snluhay quri *Tongcngcyaw*, kiya mi so wa mniq alang quri tuiril daya u snluhay *Teysukyo mi* *Dukuricu cyawpay (Pnspuwan* *cyawpay* *Tongcngcyaw* mi *Teysukyo*)

## Bungka（文化）

File:Жодино - БелАЗ.JPG（白俄羅斯製造的礦業卡車）
Lukus pnlkusan cbiyaw *Payorosu* pa muwaya bay han u wada run llkusan dha *Cihurosu* cida, thiti daw pusu bay u wada run *Poran* mi *Ritawwan* mi *Ratoweyya* mi *Orosu* mi duma knlwanan *Oco*.

Wada run bungka *Orosu* uri, msdalih quri *Ritawwan* ka knklanan pchada ka *Payorosu*, binaw qnita sediq u kiya bay so ini qndhqi ka knkranan niya knlwanan ssiyaw, ini so knlwanan ssiyaw spruwan qmita sediq uri.

Ya bay knhbrawan sediq u ini kdhu ka snpruwan dha qmita knlwanan dha nanaq, hbaraw bay sediq u wada malix waya uuqun cbiyaw.

Kbkuy kngkawas niyi pa, wada pkngatun *Orosu* ka kari bay waya quri *Payorosu*.

*Rukasnko soto* ka pusa kari prradiyo mi pttreybi u kasi ka muru pnwaya, kddiyax pkla kana sediq pa rntanun rmngaw ka kari *Payorosu* mi khnu payhunpi, binaw ini rngaw ka ya qulung bay dmuwi kari *Payorosu*.

*Rradiyo* mi *ttreybi* pa nknlwanan kana. *Singbung* u to bay so qlhangan knlwanan kana, mray so “*singbung Payorosu konghokwo*”………

Kari bay hbangan dnyawan *seyhu* kngkawas ka ou bay diyax smsung *bungka：*

1. Kndungus bay 72 *hwang.*
2. Srwasaw na *Mingsuko.*
3. 72 *wenyi hweyyeyn.*
4. Smsung *kwoci cweysuwey.*
5. Mwaya mehu kana knlwanan.
6. *Yisu* llaqi mi mbbiyax.
7. Pnsung *yisu* mbbiyax *congyi cyeymu.*
8. Qnnaqah kuxul ka *Niarsuwey* qnalang beyhing sapah.
9. Qnalang beyhing sapah *Miar.*
10. Diyax smsung *Payorosu.*
11. Sspu uyas kana knlwanan mi muyas.

Ana so *inggaku* mi *yisu* mi uyas mi *geyki* mi rmweri, uuda niyi u ptura bay knkla *mpkeyki Payorosu*, mniq ddiyax smsung niyi, wada dhuq mangal knkluwanan snadu ka dhiya: “Mndungus msediq balay *minjoku*” mi “Mndungus bay *inggaku yisu Payorosu*”.

Duma sngayan knlwanan, mray so diyax *dukuricu* mi diyax *dnwiyal*, dmudul bay knhbrawan sediq, kiya mi muda quri *yeynhwa hweyyeyn* mi kkluwanan *yosing heytay*.

Spuruwan bay diyax smsung pa to bay mniq mssli *Mingsuko* kana.

Niqan spac *suceyyican hniti cbiyaw ka Payorosu:*

1. *Qnalang beyhing sapah Miar; Мірскі замак*
2. *Qnalang beyhing sapah Niarsuweysu; Нясвіж*
3. *“Beyhing llmiqu Pyeyrosoju”; “Msupu dmuwi Poran”* ;  Белавежская пушча
4. *Sutoruweycotihu “ Pnspuwan Aysaniya mi Hwenran mi Ratoweyya mi Ritawwan mi Nwowey mi Moartowa mi Orosu mi Jweytyeyn mi Ukoran.*

## *Kyoiku（*教育）

File:Skaryna 1517.jpg（白俄羅斯文學的促進者弗蘭齊斯克·斯科里納）
Mrana bay ka *kyoyiku Payorosu*, *ipang* sapah piyasan pa *dmuwi* 12 kngkawas ini angal hbangan *yiucyawyu*.

Tubaraw pnwaya slhayan muyas u 4~5 kngkawas, psnakan ini angal hbangan mi mangal hbangan ddha kluwanan.                                                                                 Kngkawas 2005 snduyan hbangan *kyoyiku* u *2.08%* kana hbangan snduyan knlwanan.

Saya u niqan 4128 sapah piyasan laqi ttiring(laqi muyas u ya bay 9 knbkiyan hiyi); 4221 ka ipang ckcka sapah piyasan(laqi muyas u ya bay 128 knbkiyan hiyi); 253 ka ckcka cwanyey sapah piyasan mi 55 ka tubaraw sapah pyasan(ckcka niyi u 43 ka tubaraw sapah piyasan pnhyuwan knlwanan mi 12 ka tubaraw sapah piyasan uxay pnhiyu knlwanan).

Spuda patas snpuwan qmita, saya ka wa qnpah ipang ckcka sapah pyasan u 15 knbkiyan hiyi, ckcka niyi u ya bay 14 knbkiyan hiyi ka mptusa, wa mniq tubaraw sapah piyasan qnpah u 2 knbkiyan hiyi sngari.

Niqan bay hhangan tubeyhing sapah piyasan u: Tubeyhing sapah piyasan pnhiyu knlwanan *Payorosu*, pnhiyu kngkawas 1921, mpuyas u 14000 hiyi, mptusa u 1610 hiyi; Tubeyhing cisu sapah piyasan pnhiyu knlwanan *Payorosu*, pnhiyu kngkawas 1920, mpuyas u 21000 hiyi, mptusa u 1560 hiyi; Tubeyhing kmptusa sapah piyasan pnhiyu knlwanan *Payorosu*, pnhiyu 1914, mpuyas u 14586 hiyi, 1038 hiyi ka mptusa; Tubeyhing keyjay sapah piyasan pnhiyu knlwanan Payorosu, pnhiyu 1933, mpuyas u 15000 hiyi, mptusa u 700 hiyi; Tubeyhing qnpah pnwalang sapah piyasan pnhiyu knlwanan *Payorosu*, pnhiyu 1940, mpuyas u 9106 hiyi, mptusa u 630 hiyi; Tubeyhing kari sapah piyasan pnhiyu knlwanan *Mingsuko*, pnhiyu kngkawas 1948, mpuyas u 4500 hiyi, mptusa u 537 hiyi.

## *Meyti（*媒體）

Dhuq kngkawas 2005 bukuy, niqan 1255 sapah *singbung* ka *Payorosu*, hbaraw bay mbari mi beyhing bay nruwan na *singbung* u *singbung* *soto pankongting*--*“Singbung Suweyay Payorosu”*, dmuwi kari *Orosu* mi *Payorosu* ddha kari niyi matas, ya bay 40.29 knbkiyan ka sbari kddiyax, pnhiyu kngkawas 1927.

### Niqan hmrinas 1 knbkiyan mi ini dhuq 10 knbkiyan sbari kingal diyax ka *singbung* pa:

*“Singbung Konghokwo”* mi *“Singbung Jnmin”* mi “Alaw Knrdax *Cukwo*” mi “*Singbung* Mbbiyax Splawa” mi  “Llabang Qnpahan *Payorosu*” mi “*Singbung*  *Suyey Payorosu*” mi  “*Singbung Jnmin Yicu*”.

Pusu bay *treybi* mi *pradiyo* pa “*Kojyo Payorosu* knlwanan *trybi pradiyo*”, kojyo niyi u kasi qlhangi *soto*, *cusi kojyo* mi *hukucusi* u *soto* ka phiyu mi malax.

*kojyo* u qnlahang *singbungbu* mi *treybitay* mi *radiyotay* mi *usyeyntyeyn cisu congsin* mi *sangyey seyngdingbu*, mniq kbkingal *Co* u phiyu *hwenbu*, *pradiyo* mi *treybi* u dhuq khbungan mi qtanan kana knlwanan.

Kana *seymung* mpqpah u ya bay 3000 hiyi. *Kojyo Payorosu* knlwanan *trybi pradiyo* trahuc na *Pradiyotay Payorosu* pa pnhiyu kngkawas 1925 idas 11, saya u niqan 3 bkuwan *cyeymu*.

Tukingal bnkuwan *cyeymu* u knkingal diyax *pradiyo* 19 *jikang*. Tudha bnkuwan cyeymu u knkingal diyax *pradiyo 16 jikang*.

*“Sotu” pradiyotay* u kddiyax *pradiyo 12 jikang*. Turu bnkuwan *cyeymu* u primax kari *Orosu* mi *Payorosu* dha kari niyi *pradiyo*, *Ukoran* mi *Poran* mi *Ritawwan* mi *Ratoweyya* msqapah msdalih nniqan *Payorosu* mi *Orosu* tudu duwiyaq *Uraar* nniqan tuiril u malu qbhangan.

*Payorosu kwoci* *pradiyo tyeyntay* pa spuda *wangci wangru* kddiyax dmuwi kari *Payorosu* mi kari *Orosu* mi kari *Telu* mi kari *Doyicu* mi kari *Eygo* muda *pradiyo Amirika* mi *Kanada* mi *Awtariya* mi *Cyokoku* mi 20 sngari knlwanan *Oco* mi *Ahweyrika*, kddiyax muda *pradiyo 4 jikang*.

Knlwanan *treybitay Payorosu* pa pnhiyu kngkawas 1956, primax kari *Payorosu* mi kari *Orosu ptreybi*, diyax *qtanan* *treybi* u ya bay *20 jikang*.

## Nmalan（其他）

Payorosu ka ana beytaq saya muda pwaya hhuqil mniq knlwanan Oco.

## Pskbiyax hiyi（體育）

### Pnsliyan mtur *boru(*足球隊):

* *Pawrisohu BATE mtur boru cyuropu, cyuropu niyi pa sngkkawas musa pnsung mtur boru Oco kwancyun ryeynsay.*
* *MTZ Raypu* mtur *boru cyuropu*.

## Pnyahan pnatas (參考資料)

* CIA
* 外交部
* List of current heads of state and government
*  (20200728參見中文維基百科)