# Ostrelia

| Commonwealth of Australia |
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| **Singsing:Advance Australia Fair* |
| Location of Australia   |
| **Kapitol** | Kambra
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| Largest city | Sidni |
| Tokples bilong gavman | Nogat |
| National language | Tok Inglis (*de facto*) |
| Nem bilong manmeri | Australian, Aussie
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| Gavman | Federal parliamentary democracy and constitutional monarchy |
|  -  | King | Charles III |
|  -  | Gavana-Jenerel | David Hurley |
|  -  | Praim Minista | Anthony Albanese |
| Legislature | Parliament |
|  -  | Upper House | Senate |
|  -  | Lower House | House of Representatives |
| Independens | Ikam long Yunaitet Kingdom  |
|  -  | Constitution | 1 Janueri 1901  |
|  -  | Statute of Westminster | 11 Disemba 1931  |
|  -  | Statute of Westminster Adoption Act | 9 Oktoba 1942 (with effect from 3 September 1939)  |
|  -  | Australia Act | 3 Mas 1986  |
| Hekte |
|  -  | Olgeta |  7,617,930 km2 (6th) 2,941,299 sq mi  |
| Manmeri |
|  -  | 2026 estimate | 27,962,435 (50th) |
|  -  | 2006 census | 19,855,288  |
|  -  | Densiti | 2.833/km2 (233rd) 7.3/sq mi |
| **GDP** (PPP) | 2010 estimate |
|  -  | Olgeta | $882.344 billion (17th) |
|  -  | Long wanwan manmeri | $39,692 (19th) |
| **GDP** (nominal) | 2010 estimate |
|  -  | Olgeta | $1,219.722 billion (13th) |
|  -  | Long wanwan manmeri | $54,868 (6th) |
| **Gini** (2006) | 30.5 (medium)  |
| **HDI** (2010) |  0.937 (very high) (2nd) |
| Karansi | Australian dollar (`AUD`)  |
| Taim hap | various (UTC+8 to +10.5) |
|  -  | Sama (DST) | various (UTC+8 to +11.5) |
| Drives on the | left |
| Intanet kod | .au |
| Telefon kod | +61 |

**Ostrelia** (Australia) oa bikpela nem, **Commonwealth of Australia** i wanpla kantri long bikpela ailan blong Pasifik. Em i gat ailan Tasmenia na planti moa liklik ailan. Em i stap namba sikis bikpela kantri long ol blong olgeta sais long ples. Klostu ol kantri i stap Indonisia, Is Timo na Papua Niugini long not, Solomon Ailans na Vanuatu long not-is na Niu Silan long sot-is.

Long Janueri 1, 1901, Ostrelia i tanim long independan kantri. Ostrelia i gat klostu 24 milien pipol na long Praim Minista nau i Anthony Albanese.

Bipo British i kam long Ostrelia, ol Aboriginal pipol i blong hia klostu 40'000 (poten tausen) yia bipo. Ol i tokim moa long 250 (tu-handet na faivten) tokok lain. Ostrelia i nogat astok blong gavman, tasol ol kantri toktok i Tok Inglis. Ol narapla toktok i Tok Saina, Australian Kriol, Torres Strait Creole na sampla Indigenous toktok olsem Warlpiri, Tiwi, Is Arrernte na Pitjantjatjara.

Ostrelia i bikpela kantri na i gat planti mani wantaim sampla narapla ol kantri na em i gat namba tentu bikpela ekonomi long ol. Ostrelia i memba wantaim Yunaitet Nesen‎, G20, Commonwealth of Nations, World Trade Organization, Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation na Pacific Islands Forum.

## Tok Blong Bipo

Pipol i bin sindaun long Ostrelia bikgraun i nabaut 42'000 na 48'000 (poten tausen na poten-et tausen) yia bipo, ating wantaim pipol i kam blong ol graun-bris wataim ples olsem Papua Niugini na Ostrelia i bin wanpela ples olgeta. Nabaut 1800 ol yia, pipol blong Yurop i kam, wataim kanaka blong Ostrelia i bin gat planti long bikpela pasin.

Nambawan taim pipol bilong Yurop i bin lukim Ostrelia ples, na nambawan taim pipol bilong Yurop i bin sanap long Ostrelia graun i bikos wanpela man bilong Holan, Willem Janszoon. Em i bin lukim nambis blong Kep Yok Poin long bipotaim 1606.

Nabaut 1770, James Cook i salim long sip abrus na rekot is nambis wanem em i kolim 'Niu Saut Wels' na givim long Yunaitet Kingdom. Wantaim Yunaitet Kingdom lusim Amerika ples blong em long taim blong 1783, so Gavman blo em i salim wanpla lain long sip kolim 'First Fleet' (Nambawan Lain long Sip) wanem i gat kalabusman blong Inglan na bringim ol i long Ostrelia. Ol sip i ananit bos long Kapten Arthur Phillip na mekim nupela ples blong em long New South Wales. Ol i sanapim long Sydney Cove long 26th Janueri 1788 wanem i Kantri De blong Ostrelia kolim Ostrelia De.

Ol kanaka blo Ostrelia i bin gat namba nabaut 750'000 na 1'000'000 (seven handet na faivten tausen, na wan milien) bipo ol Yuropmanmeri i kam long hap, tasol bihain Yurop i statim, namba long indigenous i go daun tru, planti olsem sik i bringim long nupela Yurop pipol. Wanpla nupela gavman pepa i statim wantaim *Aboriginal Protection Act 1869* (Pepa lo Lukautim blong Aboriginal pipol 1869) wanem i ansaim planti pikinini i tekewe long ol famili na komuniti - planti taim despla pipol i kolim Stolen Generation (Pipol i bin Tekewe) - wanpla tingting wanem i wokim poret namba long indigenous i go daun. Long 1967 Gavman long Ostrelia i mekim nupela loa long lukautim na nais poret Aboriginal pipol.

## Ol Stet na Teritori

Ostrelia i gat sikispela stet; New South Wales (NSW Niu Saut Wels), Queensland (QLD Kwinslan), South Australia (SA Saut Ostrelia), Victoria (VIC Viktoria), Tasmania (TAS Tasmenia) na Western Australia (WA Wes Ostrelia), na tripela bikpela graunples teritori, Australian Capital Territory (ACT Kapitol Teritori bilong Ostrelia), Northern Territory (NT Noten Teritori) na Jervis Bay Territory (JBT Jevis Be Teritori). Long planti taim, em tupela teritori i wokim olsem stet, tasol i lukim olsem teritori.

Ostrelia tu gat sampla longwe ples blong Ostrelia Gavman i kolim, Ashmore and Cartier Islands (Asmor na Kartia Ailans), Australian Antarctic Territory (Antartik Teritori blong Ostrelia), Christmas Island (Krismas Ailan), Cocos (Keeling) Islands (Kokos (Kiling) Ailans), Coral Sea Islands (Koral Si Ailans) na Heard and McDonald Islands (Herd na Mikdonal Ailans).

Norfok Ailan i tu wanpla autsait teritori blong Ostrelia, tasol *Norfolk Island Act 1979* i givim en moa independans na i stap lokal i lukautim ailan, tasol em i stap ananit Ostrelian bos liklik.

## Biktaun bilong Ostrelia

* Adalet - Adelaide
* Balarat - Ballarat
* Bendago - Bendigo
* Brisbin - Brisbane
* Dawin - Darwin
* Gol Kos - Gold Coast
* Hobat - Hobart
* Kambra - Canberra
* Kens - Cairns
* Lonseston - Launceston
* Melben - Melbourne
* Niukasel - Newcastle
* Olbri - Albury
* Pet - Perth
* Sanlait Kos - Sunshine Coast
* Sentral Kos - Central Coast
* Sielong - Geelong
* Sidni - Sydney
* Taunsvil - Townsville
* Wulongong - Wollongong

## Environment

Ostrelia i gat plantikain long graun na bus na i kolim 'megadiverse country' (kantri i gat planti bus tru). Bikos Ostrelia i olpela tru, em gat plantikain long ol animal wanem i blong Ostrelia tasol. Nabaut 85% long bus i plaua i painim long Ostrelia tasol (i kolim 'endemic') na 84% long mamal (kainkain long animal i dringim susu wataim em pikinini tasol), moa long 45% long pisin na 89% long pis (kainkain nogat stap long solwara tasol), ol i endemic. Tu, Ostrelia gat moa kain long palai long ol wol, wantaim 755 (seven handet na faivten-faiv) kainkain long em.

Tasol Ostrelia i lusim ol displa kainkain bikos long tumas pipol na ol i bosim Environment na bus. Tasol Ostrelia i gat gut Environment loa na i stap traim long helpim Environment.

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## Ol referens