# Ураниюм

Уран, 92U|  |
| Уран |
| Талаффуз | /j**[unsupported input]**eɪniəm/ ​(*ewr-AY-nee-əm*) |
| Номи дигар | uranium |
| Намуди зоҳирӣ | хокистарранги нуқрагуни метталӣ |
| Вазни атомии муқаррарӣ *A*r, std(U) | 7002238028910000000♠238.02891(3) |
| Уран дар ҷадвали даврӣ |
|

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|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| ҳидроген |  | ҳелий |
| литий | бериллий |  | бор (элемент) | карбон | натрий | оксиген | фтор | неон |
| натрий | магний |  | алюминий | силитсий | фосфор | сулфур | хлор | аргон |
| калий | калсий | скандий |  | титан (элемент) | ванадий | хром | манган | оҳан | кобалт | никел | мис | руҳ | галлий | германий | арсен | селен | бром | криптон |
| рубидий | стронсий | иттрий |  |  | сирконий | ниобий | молибден | технетсий | рутений | родий | палладий | нуқра | кадмий | индий | қалъагӣ | сурма | теллур | йод | ксенон |
| сезий | барий | лантан | серий | празеодим | неодим | прометий | самарий | европий | гадолиний | тербий | диспрозий | ҳолмий | эрбий | тулий | иттербий | лютесий | ҳафний | тантал | волфрам | рений | осмий | иридий | платина | тилло | симоб | таллий | сурб | висмут | полоний | астат | радон |
| франcий | радий | актиний | торий | протактиний | уран (элемент) | нептуний | плутоний | америcий | кюрий | берклий | калифорний | эйнштейний | фермий | менделевий | нобелий | лоуренсий | резерфордий | дубний | сиборгий | борий | ҳассий | мейтнерий | дармштадтий | рентгений | коперниcий | ниҳоний | флеровий | московиум | ливерморий | теннесин | оганессон |

 | Nd ↑ **U** ↓ (Uqh) |
| протактиний ← **уран** → нептуний |

 |

 |
| Рақами атомӣ (*Z*) | 92 |
| Гурӯҳ | n/a |
| Давр | даври 7  |
| Блок | f-блок  |
| Категорияи элемент |   Актинид |
| Конфигуратсияи электрон | [Rn] 5f3 6d1 7s2 |
| Электронҳо аз рӯӣ ҷилд | 2, 8, 18, 32, 21, 9, 2 |
| Хосиятҳои физикӣ |
| Фаза дар ҲФМ | сахт |
| Нуқтаи гудозиш | 1405.3 K ​(1132.2 °C, ​2070 °F)  |
| Ҳарорати ҷӯшиш | 4404 K ​(4131 °C, ​7468 °F)  |
| Зичӣ (наздик ба ҳ.х.) | 19.1 гр/см3 |
| ҳангоми моеъ будан (дар н.г.) | 17.3 гр/см3  |
| Ҳарорати гудозиши хос | 9.14 кҶ/мол  |
| Ҳарорати буғшавии хос | 417.1 кҶ/мол  |
| Гармигунҷоиши молярӣ | 27.665 Ҷ/(мол·К)  |
| **Буғи сершуда**

| *P* (Pa) | 1 | 10 | 100 | 1 k | 10 k | 100 k |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| at *T* (K) | 2325 | 2564 | 2859 | 3234 | 3727 | 4402 |

 |
| Хосиятҳои атомӣ |
| Дараҷаҳои оксидшавӣ | +1, +2, +3, +4, +5, **+6** (a weakly basic oxide) |
| Электроманфиият | Ҷадвали Полинг: 1.38  |
| Қувваҳои иондоршавӣ | * 1-ум: 597.6 кҶ/мол
* 2-юм: 1420 кҶ/мол
*
 |
| Радиуси атом | эмпирикӣ: 156 пм  |
| Радиуси ковалентӣ | 196±7 пм  |
| Радиуси Ван дер Ваалс | 186 пм  |
| Color lines in a spectral range**Хатҳои спектрии Ураниюм** |
| Дигар хосиятҳо |
| Сохтори булӯрӣ |  ​orthorhombic |
| Суръати овоз  thin rod | 3155 м/с (дар 20 °C)  |
| Васеъшавии ҳароратӣ | 13.9 µm/(m·K) (дар 25 °C)  |
| Гармигузаронандагӣ | 27.5 W/(m·K)  |
| Муқобилияти нисбӣ | 0.280 µΩ·m (дар 0 °C)  |
| Тартибории магнитӣ | парамагнетик  |
| Модули Юнг | 208 ГПа  |
| Модули ғеҷонидан | 111 ГПа  |
| Модули чандирии ҳаҷмдор | 100 ГПа  |
| Коэффисиенти Пуассон | 0.23  |
| Сахтии Виккерс | 1960–2500 МПа  |
| Сахтӣ аз рӯи Бринелл | 2350–3850 МПа  |
| Рақами CAS | 7440-61-1  |
| Таърих |
| Номгузорӣ | after planet Uranus, itself named after Greek god of the sky Uranus |
| Кашф | Мартин Генрих Клапрот (1789) |
| Ҷудогузории аввалин | Eugène-Melchior Péligot (1841) |
| Изотопҳои асосии уран |
|

| Изо­топ | Мавҷу­дият | Давраи ним­таҷзия (*t*1/2) | Тарзи таҷзия | Маҳ­сул |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 232U | синт | 68.9 y | ТБ | – |
| α | 228Th |
| 233U | trace | 1.592×105 y | SF | – |
| α | 229Th |
| 234U | 0.005% | 2.455×105 y | SF | – |
| α | 230Th |
| 235U | 0.720% | 7.04×108 y | SF | – |
| α | 231Th |
| 236U | trace | 2.342×107 y | SF | – |
| α | 232Th |
| 238U | 99.274% | 4.468×109 y | α | 234Th |
| SF | – |
| β−β− | 238Pu |

 |
|

**Уран** (лот. uranium) — унсури химиявӣ, рақами атомиаш 92 буда бо рамзи **U** ишора карда мешавад.

Дар ҷадвали даврии ҳозира замон, Уран дар блоки f ҷойгир мебошад.

## Хосиятҳо

### Физикӣ

### Химиявӣ ш

### Атомӣ

### Изотопҳо

### Мавҷудият дар табиат

## Таърих

### Кашф

### Номгузорӣ

## Пайвандҳо

* Ҷадвали даврии унсурҳои кимёӣ

## Эзоҳ

## Адабиёт

* *Менделеев Д. И.* Элементы химические // Энциклопедический словарь Брокгауза и Ефрона : в 86 т. (82 т. и 4 доп.). — СПб., 1890—1907.

## Ҳаволаҳои беруна

Анбори Википедиа дар бораи ин мавзӯъ гурӯҳ дорад:
Ураниюм