# Utengenezaji

Mzunguko wa utengenezaji.
Finished regenerative thermal oxidizer at manufacturing plant
Assembly of Section 41 of a Boeing 787 Dreamliner
An industrial worker amidst heavy steel semi-products (KINEX BEARINGS, Bytča, Slovakia, c. 1995–2000)
A modern automobile assembly line
**Utengenezaji** ni uundaji wa vitu kwa kutumia kazi ya binadamu, mashine, vifaa n.k.

Unahesabika kama sekta ya pili ya uchumi.

Inaweza kuitwa hivyo kazi ya fundi binafsi lakini hasa ile ya viwanda vikubwa vinavyotumia teknolojia ya kielektroni.

## Orodha ya nchi 50 zenye utengenezaji mkubwa zaidi

Orodha hii ya Benki ya Dunia inahesabu utengenezaji kwa dolar za Marekani.

| Nafasi | Nchi/Eneo | Milioni za dola | Mwaka |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  *Dunia* | 13,809,122 | 2019 |
| 1 |  China | 3,896,345 | 2019 |
| 2 |  United States | 2,317,176 | 2018 |
| 3 |  Japan | 1,027,967 | 2018 |
| 4 |  Germany | 747,731 | 2019 |
| 5 |  South Korea | 416,903 | 2019 |
| 6 |  India | 394,531 | 2019 |
| 7 |  Italy | 298,442 | 2019 |
| 13 |  Brazil | 173,668 | 2019 |
| 8 |  France | 266,634 | 2019 |
| 9 |  United Kingdom | 243,114 | 2019 |
| 10 |  Russia | 222,544 | 2019 |
| 11 |  Indonesia | 220,503 | 2019 |
| 12 |  Mexico | 217,852 | 2019 |
| 14 |  Spain | 154,833 | 2019 |
| 15 |  Canada | 151,724 | 2016 |
| 16 |  Turkey | 143,017 | 2019 |
| 17 |  Thailand | 137,544 | 2019 |
| 18 |  Switzerland | 131,718 | 2019 |
| 19 |  Ireland | 119,868 | 2019 |
| 20 |  Polandi | 100,011 | 2019 |
| 21 |  Netherlands | 99,648 | 2019 |
| 22 |  Saudi Arabia | 99,438 | 2019 |
| 23 |  Australia | 78,657 | 2019 |
| 24 |  Malaysia | 78,279 | 2019 |
| 25 |  Austria | 74,710 | 2019 |
| 26 |  Singapore | 73,677 | 2019 |
| 27 |  Philippines | 69,568 | 2019 |
| 28 |  Sweden | 69,262 | 2019 |
| 29 |  Belgium | 63,569 | 2019 |
| 30 |  Venezuela | 58,236 | 2014 |
| 31 |  Argentina | 57,726 | 2019 |
| 32 |  Bangladesh | 57,284 | 2019 |
| 33 |  Czech Republic | 55,270 | 2019 |
| 34 |  Iran | 53,417 | 2017 |
| 35 |  Nigeria | 51,634 | 2019 |
| 36 |  Egypt | 48,241 | 2019 |
| 37 | Template loop detected: Kigezo:Flag | 47,834 | 2018 |
| 38 |  Denmark | 45,507 | 2019 |
| 39 |  Israeli | 44,314 | 2018 |
| 40 |  Vietnam | 43,172 | 2019 |
| 41 |  Romania | 42,453 | 2019 |
| 42 |  South Africa | 41,400 | 2019 |
| 43 |  Algeria | 41,278 | 2019 |
| 44 |  Finland | 38,670 | 2019 |
| 45 |  United Arab Emirates | 36,727 | 2019 |
| 46 |  Colombia | 35,439 | 2019 |
| 47 |  Pakistan | 34,658 | 2019 |
| 48 |  Oman | 30,283 | 2018 |
| 49 |  Hungary | 29,349 | 2019 |
| 50 |  Peru | 28,733 | 2018 |

## Tanbihi

## Vyanzo

* Kalpakjian, Serope; Steven Schmid (Agosti 2005). *Manufacturing, Engineering & Technology*. Prentice Hall. ku. 22–36, 951–88. ISBN 978-0-13-148965-3.`{{cite book}}`: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

## Viungo vya nje

Simple English Wiktionary
Wikamusi ya Kiswahili ina maelezo na tafsiri ya maana ya neno:
utengenezaji

Wikimedia Commons ina media kuhusu:
 Utengenezaji

 Wikiquote ina mkusanyiko wa dondoo kuhusu: Utengenezaji How Everyday Things Are Made: video presentations
* Grant Thornton IBR 2008 Manufacturing industry focus
* EEF, the manufacturers' organisation – industry group representing uk manufacturers
* Enabling the Digital Thread for Smart Manufacturing
* Evidences of Metal Manufacturing History Ilihifadhiwa 1 Mei 2021 kwenye Wayback Machine.
* Manufacturing Sector of the National Occupational Research Agenda, USA, 2018.

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| --- | --- |
|  | Makala hii kuhusu mambo ya uchumi bado ni **mbegu**. Je, unajua kitu kuhusu **Utengenezaji** kama historia yake au mahusiano yake na mada nyingine? Labda unaona habari katika Wikipedia ya Kiingereza au lugha nyingine zinazofaa kutafsiriwa? Basi unaweza kuisaidia Wikipedia kwa kuihariri na kuongeza habari*.* |