# Mary Pickford

Mary Pickford mnamo 1914.
**Mary Pickford** (8 Aprili 1892 - Mei 29 1979) alikuwa mwigizaji mzaliwa wa Canada na mkaazi wa Marekani.

Alizaliwa na jina la Gladys Louise Smith mnamo Aprili 8, 1892, huko Toronto, Canada. Alianza kuigiza akiwa na umri mdogo sana. Wakati huo akiwa na miaka minne pekee. Alifanya maigizo katika majukwaa ya michezo ya kuigiza huko Canada na baadaye Marekani. Jina lake la kisanii "Mary Pickford" lilitokana na muunganiko wa majina ya mama yake, Charlotte Hennessey na baba yake wa kambo, John Charles Pickford.

Mwanzoni mwa karne ya 20, Pickford alipata umaarufu mkubwa katika filamu za kimya za Hollywood. Alikuwa mmoja wa nyota wakubwa wa enzi hiyo, na alifahamika kama "Sweetheart of America" na "Queen of the Movies". Alifanya kazi na studio nyingi mashuhuri za filamu ikiwa ni pamoja na Biograph. Huko alikuja kukutana na mwongozaji maarufu D.W. Griffith.

Mwaka wa 1919, Pickford, pamoja na Charles Chaplin, Douglas Fairbanks, na D.W. Griffith, walishirikiana kuunda kampuni ya United Artists. Hilo lilihesabiwa kama tukio kubwa katika historia ya filamu. Studio hiyo iliwezesha wasanii kuwa na udhibiti zaidi juu ya kazi zao na usambazaji wa filamu zao. Pickford alihusika sana katika uendeshaji wa kampuni hiyo na alicheza filamu nyingi zilizofanikiwa kupitia United Artists.

Mary Pickford alishinda Tuzo ya Academy kama mwigizaji bora mnamo 1929 kwa filamu ya "Coquette", ambayo ilikuwa mojawapo ya filamu zake za kwanza za sauti. Licha ya mafanikio haya, alihisi kwamba filamu za sauti hazikuwa zinaendana na mtindo wake wa uigizaji wa kimya. Mwishoni mwa miaka ya 1930, alistaafu uigizaji.

Mbali na kazi yake ya uigizaji, Pickford alikuwa mfadhili na mwanaharakati. Alikuwa miongoni mwa waanzilishi wa Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, shirika linalotoa Tuzo za Academy. Alifanya kazi nyingi za hisani, ikiwa ni pamoja na kusaidia wakongwe wa Vita Kuu ya Kwanza ya Dunia na wahitaji wengine wakati wa Mdororo Mkuu.

## Marejeo

1. Mary Pickford: Queen of the Movies na Christel Schmidt
2. Mary Pickford Rediscovered na Kevin Brownlow
3. Pickford: The Woman Who Made Hollywood na Eileen Whitfield
4. Mary Pickford: Canada's Silent Siren, America's Sweetheart na Peggy Dymond Leavey
5. Mary Pickford: From Here to Hollywood na Barbara Tepa Lupack
6. Sweetheart: The Story of Mary Pickford na Robert Windeler
7. Mary Pickford and Douglas Fairbanks: The Most Popular Couple the World Has Ever Known na Booton Herndon
8. My Best Girl: The Extraordinary Life of Mary Pickford na Eileen Whitfield
9. Million Dollar Lips: The Story of Mary Pickford na Wesley W. Stout
10. Silent Stars na Jeanine Basinger (inazungumzia nyota wa filamu za kimya ikiwa ni pamoja na Mary Pickford)

## Viungo vya Nje

Wikimedia Commons ina media kuhusu:
 Mary Pickford

 Wikiquote ina mkusanyiko wa dondoo kuhusu: Mary Pickford Mary Pickford at the Internet Broadway Database
* Mary Pickford at the Internet Movie Database
* Mary Pickford at the Women Film Pioneers Project
* About Mary Pickford, from the Mary Pickford Foundation website
* Mary Pickford CBC Radio interview May 25, 1959
* Mary Pickford at the *Encyclopædia Britannica*
* Footage of Mary Pickford with Charlie Chaplin and Douglas Fairbanks in 1919 Ilihifadhiwa 1 Aprili 2017 kwenye Wayback Machine.
* Mary Pickford at Virtual History
* Mary Pickford–Buddy Rogers correspondence, 1943–1976, held by the Billy Rose Theatre Division, New York Public Library for the Performing Arts
* Mary Pickford scrapbook, 1915–1917, held by the Billy Rose Theatre Division, New York Public Library for the Performing Arts
* Mary Pickford papers, Margaret Herrick Library, Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences
* *Mary Pickford – Whose Real Name is Gladys Smith* from *Current Opinion Magazine*, June, 1918

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