# Chotara

Familia pana ya kichotara ya Afrika Kusini ikionyesha tofauti katika rangi ya ngozi na nyinginezo.
Barack Obama, rais wa Marekani (2008-2016) ni chotara, kwa sababu baba yake alikuwa Mjaluo wa Kenya na mama alikuwa Mmarekani mwenye asili ya Ulaya.
**Chotara** (kutoka Kihindi; pia: **suriama** kutoka Kiarabu na **shombe**) ni kiumbe hai ambacho kimetokana na makabila zaidi ya moja ya spishi yake. Kwa mfano, binadamu ambaye alizaliwa na baba Mzungu na mama Mwafrika anaitwa hivyo.

Katika lugha mbalimbali kuna majina maalumu kwa aina za machotara: kwa mfano katika Kihispania kuna *Mulato*, *zambo* na *mestizo*; katika Kireno kuna *mulato*, *caboclo*, *cafuzo*, *ainoko* na *mestiço*.

Pengine sensa zinauliza asili ya wakazi, zikiacha nafasi ya kutaja asili zaidi ya moja.

Kundi la pekee ni Machotara wa Afrika Kusini waliotokana na mchanganyiko wa Wazungu, Waafrika na Wamalay na kutengwa chini ya sheria ya apartheid nchini Afrika Kusini.

## Tanbihi

## Marejeo

* "Multiracial Children". American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. Oktoba 1999. Iliwekwa mnamo 2008-07-14.`{{cite web}}`: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
* Freyre, Gilberto; Putnam, Samuel (1946). *The Masters and the Slaves: A Study in the Development of Brazilian Civilization*. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. ISBN 0-520-05665-5. OCLC 7001196. Iliwekwa mnamo 2008-07-14.
* Joyner, Kara; Kao, Grace (Agosti 2005). "Interracial Relationships and the Transition to Adulthood". *American Sociological Review*. **70** (4). American Sociological Association: 563–81. doi:10.1177/000312240507000402. Iliwekwa mnamo 2008-07-14.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

## Viungo vya nje

* The Multiracial Activist Ilihifadhiwa 13 Agosti 2006 kwenye Wayback Machine., an online activist publication registered with the Library of Congress, focused on multiracial individuals and interracial families since 1997
* ProjectRACE, an organization leading the movement for a multiracial classification

Asasi za kutetea haki za chotara
* Association of MultiEthnic Americans, Inc. Ilihifadhiwa 13 Agosti 2006 kwenye Wayback Machine., US
* Blended People of America Ilihifadhiwa 4 Februari 2010 kwenye Wayback Machine., US-based nonprofit organization representing the interests of the mixed-race community
* Brazilian Multiracial Movement, Brazilian mixed-race organization
* The Hafu Project Ilihifadhiwa 30 Januari 2018 kwenye Wayback Machine., a study of half-Japanese people, London-, Munich-, Tokyo-based nonprofit organisation
* MAVIN Foundation Ilihifadhiwa 9 Machi 2012 kwenye Wayback Machine., an organization advocating for mixed heritage people and families
* Mixed Race UK Ilihifadhiwa 17 Juni 2020 kwenye Wayback Machine., UK-based nonprofit organization representing the interests of the mixed-race community
* Mosiac UK Ilihifadhiwa 6 Oktoba 2008 kwenye Wayback Machine., a UK-based organisation for mixed race families
* People in Harmony UK
* Swirl Ilihifadhiwa 11 Agosti 2015 kwenye Wayback Machine., US-based mixed community

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  | Makala hii kuhusu mambo ya utamaduni bado ni **mbegu**. Je, unajua kitu kuhusu **Chotara** kama historia yake au mahusiano yake na mada nyingine? Labda unaona habari katika Wikipedia ya Kiingereza au lugha nyingine zinazofaa kutafsiriwa? Basi unaweza kuisaidia Wikipedia kwa kuihariri na kuongeza habari*.* |