# Cetacet

| Cetacet |
| --- |
|  |
| Klasifikimi shkencor |
| Mbretëria: | Animalia |
| Filumi: | Chordata |
| Klasa: | Mammalia |
| Infraklasa: | Eutheria |
| Mbirendi: | Laurasiatheria |
| Rendi: | **Cetacea** |
| Ndarja |
|
Mysticeti
Odontoceti
†Archaeoceti  |
| Shumëllojshmëria |
| Rreth 88 lloje |

**Cetacet** (*Cetacea*, nga latinishtja *cetur* "balenë" dhe greqishtja *ketos* "peshk i madh") janë një degë gjërësisht e përhapur e e gjitarëve të detit, mishngrënës dhe me pendë. Pjesë e rendit të cetaceve, *Cetacea*, janë nënrendet: *Odontoceti* (balenat me dhëmbë, ku përfshihen edhe delfinët dhe marsuinët), *Mysticeti* (balenat me mustaqe) dhe *Archaeoceti* (paraardhësit e balenave të sotme, sot të zhdukur). Ka rreth 89 lloje të cetaceve, ku 70 i takojnë nënrendit *Odontoceti*. Edhe pse hisorikisht është menduar se cetacetë kanë prejardhje nga *Mesonychid*-ët, provat molekulare tregojnë se janë kushërinjë të dythundrakëve (*Artiodactyla*). Kohët e fundit, cetacetë grupohen në rendin *Cetartiodactyla* (kombinim i *Cetacea* + *Artiodactyla*), dhe më të afërmit e tyre të gjallë janë kuajt e Nilit dhe thundrakët e tjerë (devetë, derrat dhe dhentë), me të cilët u ndanë rreth 50 milionë vjet më parë.

## Taksonomia

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  | *Për më shumë informacione shikoni artikullin **Lista e llojeve të cetaceve |

Balenat me mustaqe (*Mysticeti*) e kanë marrë emrin nga disa pllaka të gjata me fletëza të brirta, që quhen mustaqe balene, që kanë fomë theku dhe përdoren për të dëbuar ujin gjatë ushqyerjes me planktone dhe krille. Balenat me dhëmbë (*Odontoceti*), ku përfshihen edhe delfinët dhe marsuinët, kanë dhëmbë në formë koni e lopate dhe mund ta perceptojnë mjedisin me anë të bisonarit.

Infrarendi përbëhet nga familjet: *Balaenidae* (balenat e duhura), *Balaenoptera* (balenat me hulli), *Eschrichtiidae* (balenat e hirta), *Delphinidae* (delfinët oqeanikë), *Monodontidae* (balenat e bardha), *Phocoenidae* (marsuinët), *Physeteridae* (kashalotët), *Kogiidae* (kashalotët e vegjël), *Platanistidae* (delfinët e lumit e Botës së Vjetër), *Iniidae* (delfinët e lumit e Botës së Re), *Pontoporiidae* (delfinët e La Platës) and *Ziphidae* (balenat me sqep).

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|  **Cetacetë**  |

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|  Balenat me dhëmbë  |

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| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
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| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  Delphinoidea  |

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |  Balenat e bardha (Monodontidae)  |
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|  |  marsuinët (Phocoenidae) |
|  |

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|  |  Delfinët oqeanikë (Delphinidae)  |
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|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |  Iniidae |
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|  |  Pontoporiidae  |
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|  |  Balenat me sqep (Ziphiidae)  |
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|  |  Delfinët e lumit (Platanistidae)  |
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|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |  Kashalotët e vegjël (Kogiidae) |
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|  |  Kashalotët (Physeteridae)  |
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|  Balenat me mustaqe  |

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |

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| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |

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| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |  Balenat me hulli (Balaenopteridae)  |
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|  |  Balenat e hirta (Eschrichtiidae)  |
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|  |  Neobalaeninae |
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|  |  Balenat e duhura (Balaenidae)  |
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|  |  *Janjucetus* † |
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|  |  *Basilosaurus* †  |
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|  |  *Dorudon* † |
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|  |  *Rodhocetus* † |
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|  |  Remingtonocetidae † |
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|  |  Ambulocetidae †  |
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|  |  Pakicetidae † |
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|  |  Raoellidae † |
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## Shiko dhe

* Këmbëlopatat

## Referime