Rikunarita-ORG/Wikinium huggingface dataset:
# Kupendha

Varanda vachidzana kuchiridzwa che Bhanjo
**Kupendha** (Chingezi: *to paint, painting*) kushandisa mavara kugadzira mifananidzo yekuona. Iri zvakare izwi rekuti basa rakapendwa remifananidzo. Mhando dzakawanda dzependhi dzinoshandiswa kugadzira useza. Izvi zvinosanganisira *watercolors*, *acrylics* uye mafuta. Vamwe vasezi anoda kushanda nepenzura kana choko. Dzimwe nguva marasha anogona kushandiswa.

Pendi dzine mukurumbira dzinowanzo chengetwa mumakamuri emifananidzo, se Ghaleri re Dhidhizha (*national gallery*) muLandani uye Louvre (Phari) uko kwakaturikwa imwe yemifananidzo ine mukurumbira pasirose, iyo Mona Lisa, yakapendhwa na Leonardo da Vinci. Vanhu havafanirwe kuenda kune yakakurumbira ghaleri kuti vaone useza. Kune nzvimbo dzinochengeterwa mifananidzo dzakazvimiririra mumaguta akawanda pasirose.

Pane musiyano mukuru pakati pekutara nekupendha. Mukutara, chidimbu chimwe chete ndicho chifananidzo chose. Mukupendha, rimwe reya (*layer*) rinopendhwa pamusoro perimwe kuti riwane mufananidzo wekupedzisira. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kazhinji yenguva chifananidzo hachizove chakajeka kusvika chasvika padanho rekupedzisira.

Mukomana muranda
Pane nhanho ina dzakakosha pakupenda: kugadzirira, kupatsanura, reya, uye kubata.

1. Kugadzirira: vazhinji vasezi vanogadzirira kgamvasi (*canvas*) kana imwe nzvimbo. Chifukidziro chakapfava yunifomu kana "kushambidza" yemuchena kana rumwe ruvara rwakaiswa pamusoro pese. Izvi zvinogona kubatsira mashure ekupedzisira kuti awane kugadzirisa kumwechete pamusoro pese. Zvakare, kugezwa kusingaonekwe kunogona kubatsira kudzokororwa kwechiedza kubva pamusoro, nekudaro kunatsiridza maitiro kune anoona. Kune nzvimbo dzisina kuenzana kana dzine mavara, dzakaita sehuni kana khamvasi dzakakasharara, chifukidziro chakakura chinodiwa. Iyo inonzi gheso (*gesso)*, yakajairika musanganiswa wechoko ne jeratini (*gelatin*), asi mazuva ano inowanikwa seukiriri (*acrylic*) jena ukobvu. Kupendha pane dzimwe nzvimbo kunoda unyanzvi hunokosha. Kupendha papurasita kunoshandisa nzira ye furesko (*fresco*).
2. Muchikamu chekuparadzanisa, canvas yakakamurwa kuita zvishoma nzvimbo huru (zvichienderana nemufananidzo waunopenda), uye kumashure kwenzvimbo idzodzo dzakarongwa.
3. Muchikamu chemutsetse, mutsara unorongwa pamusoro peimwe danga, kuti uwane chimiro chinodiwa munzvimbo imwe neimwe. Pakupera kwenhanho iyi, zvinhu zvese zviri mumufananidzo zvichange zvave kunyatsozivikanwa.
4. Iyo touchup nhanho inoda kuwedzera kushanda. Iyi nhanho ndeyekupa tarisiro yekuwedzera kumufananidzo, senge chaiyo muganhu, kubatanidza maseru uye mamwe maitiro ekuona.

## Mamwe mapeji ekutarisa

* Pendhi
* Useza
* Kutara
* Kuskecha
# Chimanje-manje

**Chimanje-manje, umanjemanje** (kureva *modernism; modern: manners, custom, fashion*) kana **chimanjemanje** kureva matauriro, mapfekero kana tsika dzemukore uno kana mazuvano.

## Kurerutsa Mutauro

* Chimanjemanje chapinda kumatare; vakabvisa mutemo unoti roora rinobvunzwa vanhu vasati vachatiswa.

## Mitauro yeBantu

* MaZulu vanoti **isimanje** (Modern manners, custom, fashion) vachireva chimanje kana chimanje-manje.
* MaZulu vanoti **manje** (adv. Now; at this time). Muenzaniso: **Manje sengiyabona** (Now I see) kureva ndazviona manje kana ndazoona manje.
* MaZulu vanoti **manje** (conj. And; and then). Muenzaniso: **Wethuka manje wathatha ngejubane** (He got a start and off he sped).
* MaZulu vanoti **manjena** (adv. Now). Muenzaniso: **Manjena kuyashisa** (It is hot now) kureva - iye zvino kuri kupisa.