Rikunarita-ORG/Wikinium huggingface dataset:
# Runhare

Runhare rwemhando Olivetti 1940s
**Runhare** muchina unoshandiswa kuti vanhu vataure vose vari kure nekure; muchina uyu unofambisa mashoko semagetsi kubudikidza newaya. Runhare rwokutanga rwakagadzirwa nemurume ainzi Graham Bell kunyika yeUnited States of America mumakore emwaka wechikumi 1870.

Pari nhasi runhare rwava muchina wakakoshesa pakufambiswa kwemashoko pakati pedzimba, makambani, mabhizimisi naimo muhushangazhi. Kwave nemhando yerunhare isangashandisi waya asi inoshandisa masaisai inonzi chizinganhare kana kuti cell phone kuEnglish.

Makambani anoita zverunhare muZimbabwe anosanganisira: Africom, Telone, Econet, Telecel neNetone.\*

## Mamwe Mazwi

Ko iro izwi rokuti runhare rakambovepi?

* -nhara (turn up at some distant place). Chamapiwa akanhara kuJapan - Chamapiwa turned up in Japan.
* Nyakunhara, **nhare** kana nhara (something that turns up from a distance)?
* Runhare (thin wire).

## Mazwi eBantu

* MaZulu vanoti **inkulumakude** kana **ulucingo** (n. telephone. Lit. what speaks afar) kureva runhare. Bwile vanoti mutali (adj. long) kureva kureba.
* Baila vanoti **intale** (iron binding on spear shaft) kureva simbi inosunga muromo wepfumo. VaYao vanoti **kutalikanyana** (to be distant from each other) vachireva kuti kutarangana.
* VaYao vanoti **kutalika** (to be distant) vachireva kuti kure. VaYao vanoti **chilambo cha kwakutalika** (a distant country) vachireva nyika iri kure.
* VaNyakyusa vanoti **pa-tali** (far) vachireva kuti kure. Mamwe Mazwi: **pabu-tali** (long) vachireva kuti kurefu kana parefu.

## Mamwe mapeji ekutarisa

* Kombiyuta
* Nharembozha
* Hwendefa
# Ukonfuzhi

**Ukonfuzhi** kana **Ukonfushasi** (kana futi **Uru**) idandira renhondero kana maitiro akavamba kuChayina yekare. Unotsanangurwa se tsika, ungondamano, chinamato, umunhu kana chinamato chirirhashinali, nzira yekurarama kana nzira yeupenyu, Ukonfuzhi hwakavambwa kubva pachakazonzi Zvikoro zviZana zv Nhondero kubva pazvidzidziso zvemugondamano wechiChayina ainzi Konfuzhi (551–479 BCE).

## Ringai zve:

* Konfuzhi
* Zvinamato zvekuChayina
# Kushandura

**Kushandura** ishoko rechishona rinoreva zviri zasiyo

* Shanduko

**Ushanduro**, **Wushanduro** kureva kushandura chinhu kuimwe mhando, senge kushandura mashoko e Chishona kumutauro we Chiswahiri.

* chishanduri - translator, mushanduri translator/changer

## Mavambo

Shoko rokuti *kushandurudza* ndiro riri kushandiswa kureva - *to translate*

* kushandurudzira - *to translate for*
* kushandurudzika - *to be translatable*
* kushandurudzikika - *to be translatable for*

Mashoko aya, abava pamashoko aya

* kushanduka -> to change
* kushandukira -> to change for
* kushandurika, kushandukika -> to be changeable
* Kushandukirika -> to be changeable/malleable for

## Mhando dzekushandura

* Kuchinja
* Kuchinjirudza
* Kusandura
* Kushezhenura
# Uvaranomwe

Izwi rokuti Uvaranomwe (Literature) rinoshandiswa kureva nagware ose anowanikwa mururimi rugi kutaura nezvarwo.

## Uvaranomwe weShona

Uvaranomwe weShona hunosanganisira: tsumo, nhetembo, zvirahwe, nganonyorwa, nhango nendyaringo, nziyo, magwaronhau zvichingodaro.

## Mabhuku

* Akanga Nyimo Avangarara.
* Uchandifungawo
* Ziva Kwawakabva
* Karikoga Gumi reMiseve
* Dzasukwa Bwana Asina Hembe
* Kunyarara Hakusi Kutaura
* China Manenji Hachifambisi
* Kutonhodzwa kwaChauruka

## Mamwe Mazwi

* Dudziramutauro (grammar).
* Nzwisiso (Comprehension).
* Mhenenguro (Practical Criticism).
* Rondedzero (Composition).
# Dzitsi (Mazwi)

**Dzitsi** (kuChingezi: word stem) chidimbu chezita chisingashanduki chinouya mberi kwe chivakashure. Dzitisi ndiro rinotipa zvinorehwa nezita.

muenzaniso udiki| Chivakashure | Dzitsi | Shoko |
| --- | --- | --- |
| mu | -nhu/-ndu | munhu, mundu (Chindau) |
| mu | -sikana | musikana |
| chi | -koro | chikoro |

## Mabviro eruzivo

|  |
| --- |
| *Peji rino imbeu rinoda kuwedzerwa nevaye vanoziva.*
*Kana uri mudzidzisi kana mudzidzi we Chishona betserawo neruzivo rwako.* |
# Chiito

**Chiito** (kureva verb;** an act, action*), kureva chinhu chakaitwa, chikamu che mupanda we mashoko muchidzidzo che dudziramutauro.

## Mitauro ye Chibantu

* Yao inoti **kutenda** (to do) zvichireva kuita. VaYao vanoti **kutenda makani** (to argue) zvichireva kuita nharo. VaVenda vanoti **-itulula** (v. undo).
* Swahili inoti **kitendo** (1. act, action 2. undertaking, operation 3. feat, exploit) kureva chiito. Mamwe mazwi: **mtendo** (doing, acting, performing, accomplishing).
* Swahili inoti **tenda** (make, do, act, carry out, perform, accomplish. 2. do something to someone). Mamwe mazwi: **matendo** (activity, occupation, work).
* Luganda inoti **kitendo** kana **tendo** (behaviour, character). VaZigula vanoti **chitendo** (n. deed, action).
* Swahili vanoti **Matendo ya Mitume** (Acts of the Apostles) kureva Mabasa Avapostori. VaFwe vanoti **citendo** (action).

## Mazanhi ekuringa:

* Bizo (*nauni*)
* Chipauro
* Sazitasingwi
* Dudzirachiito
* Chisazita
# Hondo yePasirose yeChipiri

Hondo yePasirose yeChipiri **(HP2)** (neChirungu: World War Two, WW2) kana kuti Hondo yaHitler yaiva hondo dandiranyika yakarwiwa nenyika zhinji dzePasirose kuvamba mugore 1939 ichizopera mugore 1945. Hondo iyi yakarwiwa nehuzhinji hwenyika dziri pasirose, kusanganisira mhitsa dzehondo - *super-powers*. Pakuguma kwazvo kwakamuka mapoka enyika akabatana kurwa hondo aiti mawuto echikumbano *(allied forces)* nemawuto ezvikerema - *(axis forces)*, . Hakuna hondo pasirose yambotekeshera matunhu sehondo iyi, yakarwiwa nevarwi vemawuto vanosvika mamirioni zana (100 million) vaibva kunyika dzinodarika makumi matatu (30). Munguva iyi nyika dzakanga dziri muhondo dzakunga simba rose rehupumi, dzidzo yeScience, uye hushangazhi hwadzo kuti hushandire hondo iyi. Musiyano pakanga pasisina pakati pemawuto nevanhuwo zvavoakanga nokuti vose vakanga voita shishi nebamba rose kuti vatsigire nyika dzavo pakukunda hondo iyi.

Vanhu vazhinji vakafa muhondo iyi kusanganisira vazhinji verudzi rwaIsrael vakaurayiwa nemutongi godzonga (tyrant, dictator) ainzi Adolf Hitler muhuipi hunodanwa kunzi rushigido rwemaJudah - (*Holocaust*). Vanhu vakafa muhondo iyi vanofungidzirwa kusvika 50-70 miriyoni. Nhamba yevanhu vakafa iyi inoita kuti hondo iyi ive ndiyo hondo yakaipisa parufu rwevanhu munhoroondo yepasirose.

* Mawuto echikumbano, mawuto egumbano kana mawuto echinamatira (Allies or allied forces).
* Kukumbana (Form and maintain lasting friendship) apa kureva kumutsa hushamwari nekuramba muri pahushamwari.

## Zvombo zveShomwe

Apo Hondo yePasirose yeChipiri yanga yosvika pakupera kwakashandiswa zvombo zveshomwe zviviri, zvose zvakadonhedzwa nendege dzemawuto eUnited States panyika yeJapan. Musi waAugust 6, 1945 bhomba rakasenga Uranium rakadhurwa kuJapan muguta reHiroshima. Mushure memazuva matatu bhomba rakasenga Plutonium rakadhuurwa kuJapan zvakare muguta reNagasaki. Zvombo zveshomwe zviviri izvi zvakauraya vanhu vanosvika chifo che 200,000 vakanga vakuvadzwa zvakaipisa nekudhuuka kwawo.

## Mitauro yeBantu

* VaVenda vanoti **pfano** (n. alliance).
# Zita rekutanga

**Zita rekutanga** (Nge: given name, first name) **zita rimotsi**, kana **rechimotsi** ndiro zita rinopihwa munhu pamberi pezita remhuri. Zita rekutanga ndiro zita rinozivikanwa neshamwari, mhuri uye nevamwe pavanodana munhu. Zita rekutanga rinoratidza munhu, anogona ane zita repakati futi, uye anosiyanisa munhu nemhuri yake yaanopanana zita remhuri navo

Mumamiriro asina kurongwa, mazita anopiwa anowanzo shandiswa nenzira yakajairika uye yeushamwari. Mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu, zita remunhu rinonyanya kushandiswa. Madimikira ekuti 'pane zita-rekutanga' uye 'kuve pamazita ezita rekutanga' anoreva kujairirana kunowanikwa mukutaura kune mumwe munhu nemazita avo.

## Muenzaniso

* Muzita rokuti Tanaka Mkanganwi zita rekutanga ndi**Tanaka**.
* Tonderai Majuma - zita rekutanga ndi**Tonderai**.
* Muzita rokuti Kgomotsego Majuta - zita rekutanga ndi**Kgomotsego**

## Mabviro eruzivo