Rikunarita-ORG/Wikinium huggingface dataset:
# Kukadzi 21

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|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| << | Kukadzi | >> |
| Svo | Mvh | Chp | Cht | Chn | Chs | Mg |
|  |  | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 |
| 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 |
| 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 |
| 27 | 28 |  |  |  |
| ....2021 - **2022** - 2023.... |

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**Kukadzi 21** musi we mashanumaviri gore paKarenda ya Gregori; pane misi 313 yasara kusvika pakupera kwegore (314 pagore re mucherikwa).

* makumimashanu (50) mbiri (2) - mashanumaviri (kupfupisa)
# Afurika ye Madokero

**Afurika ye Madokero** (kureva *West Africa, Western Africa*) kana **Madokero e Afurika**, ichisi chinowanikwa kumadokero e ziwumbe re Afurika. Mubatanidzwa we Madhidhizha unotsanangura kuti pane nyika gumitanhatu: Bhenini, Bhurukina Faso, Kabho Vherite, Gambia, Ghana, Ghini, Ghini-Visawu, Kote Dhi Vhwa, Ribheriya, Maari, Moritani, Naijeriya, Nayizhe, Senegari, Siera-Leyoni, ne Togo, uyezve Musande Elena, Asenjeni ne Tristani Dhakunha (Ascension and Tristan da Cunha (chisi cheUK chirikuzhe).
# Gungwa re India

*Tarisai futi peji re Gungwa*

Gungwa reIndiya pa mepu ye pasirose
**Gungwa re India** (kureva *Indian ocean*) ndiro gungwa rechitatu pakukura kwemagungwa, uye igungwa rinotora 20% huwandu hwechiso cheRinopasi, uye rinopotererwa zviumbwe zvina.

## Tarisai futi:

* Bhahari
* Gungwa re Atlandiki
* Gungwa re Pasifiki
* Gungwa rekuChamhembe
* Gungwa re Akitiki
# North Korea

Democratic People's Republic of Korea*
*조선민주주의인민공화국|

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |  |

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| *Rwiyo: 애국가, "The Patriotic Song"* |
|  |

**North Korea** (Chosŏn'gŭl: 조선민주주의인민공화국; Chosŏn Minjujuŭi Inmin Konghwaguk) inyika iri muAsia.

Guta guru racho iPyongyang.

Nyika iyi ine miganhu neRussia, China neSouth Korea.
# Johannesburg

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| Johannesburg
*eGoli*  (Zu. Xho.), *Jobheki* (Sho.) |
| --- |
|  |
| **Mazita ayo: Jo'burg; Jozi;
* Muḓi Mulila Ngoma (muChivhenda),
* Joni (muChitsonga);
* Egoli (kureva "Vugoridhe; Nzvimbo ye Ndarama");
* Gauteng ("Vugoridhe; Nzvimbo ye Ndarama")
 |
| **Motto yayo:**
"Unity in development" |
|  |
| Makoadhineit: 26°12′16″S 28°2′44″E |
| Nyika | Afurika Chamhembe |
| Purovhinzi | Gauteng |
| Municipality | Guta re Jobheki |
| Rakasikwa muna | 1886 |
| Hurumende |
| • Mhando | Metropolitan municipality |
| • Meya | Mpho Phalatse (DA) |
| Ruwa |
| • Guta | 1,644.98 km2 (635.13 sq mi) |
| • Ebheni | 3,357 km2 (1,296 sq mi) |
| Usimudzwa (elevhesheni) | 1,753 m (5,751 ft) |
| Huwandu (2019) |
| • Guta | 5,635,127 |
| • Dhensiti | 3,400/km2 (8,900/sq mi) |
| • Ebheni | 8,000,000 |
| • Dhensiti ye Ebheni | 2,400/km2 (6,200/sq mi) |
| • Metro | 10,500,000 |
| Ganda re Vanhu (2019) |
| • Vatema vechiAfurika | 76.4% |
| • Makaradhi | 5.3% |
| • Maindiya/Maezhiya | 4.9% |
| • Vazungu | 13.7% |
| • vamwe | 0.8% |
| Rurimi rwamai (2011) |
| • Chizulu | 23.41% |
| • Chingezi | 20.10% |
| • Chisutu | 9.61% |
| • Chitswana | 7.68% |
| • Chiafurikanzi | 7.28% |
| Zoni ye Nguva | UTC+2 (SAST) |
| Khodhi ye kuPosta (mgwagwa) | 2001 |
| PO Bhokisi | 2000 |
| Khodhi ye Ruwa | 010 and 011 |
| HDI | 0.75 **High** (2012) |
| GDP | US$76 billion (2014) |
| GDP per capita (PPP) | US$16,370 (2014) |
| Webhusaiti |  |

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**Johannesburg** (sho. **Jobheki**) iguta guru reAfurika Chamhembe. Vazulu ne Vaxhosa vanoiti wo **eGoli,** uye futi wo**Joza** nehuwandu hwe vagari veimomo.
# Hujoto

Muchidzidzo fundoyetsimba, **hujoto** (temperature) chiyero chinopima kutonhora kana kupisa kuri kuita chiro kana nzvimbo. Hujoto hunodudza kuti chiro chinokwanisa kudziyisa chimwe zvakadii. Sokuti madziya (heat) anoyerera kubva panzvimbo pane **hujoto** hwe 100oCelsius kuenda kune **hujoto** hwe 40oCelsius.

## Zvikero zveHujoto

**Celsius** ndicho chikero chinoshandiswa munyika zhinji kupima hujoto. Chikero ichi chinoura kuti 0oCelsius inowankwa pa**hujoto panogwamba mvura** - *freezing point of water*. kana mvura yasvika pahujoto painofashaira inenge yava pa 100oC.

**Kelvin** ndicho chikero chinoshandiswa zvikurusei kufundoyetsimba; ichi chikero chinoti 0oC = 273,15K. Kuchishandiswa chikero ichi, 0 Kelvins inenge yaenzana ne -273,15K.

**Fahrenheit** ndicho chikero chinoshandiswa kupima hujoto kunyika ye**USA**. Kuchitevedzwa chikero cheFahrenheit, mvura inogwamba pa 32oF ichizofanza pa 212oF. Kushanduka kwemvura uku kunenge kuchipimwa papuresha yemweya (atmospheric pressure) unoita 101.365kPa. Mvura iri pamusoro pegomo refu inokurumidza kufanza kupfuura iri pasi nokuda kwemusiyano wemutsindo wemweya.

## Mamwe Mazwi

* Chinyudza madziya (heat sink).
* Chiposha madziya (heat exchanger).

## Mitauro yeBantu

* Chewa inoti **chitukuta** kana **mtukuta** (n. heat).
* Fwe inoti **mutukuta** (heat) kureva madziya. Kinande vanoti **ekitutu** (n. heat) vachireva madziya.
* Lenje inoti **lumwi** kana **nkasalo** (n. heat). VaMbugwe vanoti **mbiro** (heat) kureva madziya.
# Bhawaraki

Tarisai futi peji re: Mazita e Nhangande

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
| **Zita re nhangande** | Bhawaraki (kana Bhoroni) |
| **Chiratidzo** | B |
| **Numeri ye hatomu** | 5 |
| **Huremu we hatomu** | 10.8 u |
| **Hukomba** | 2, 3 |
| **Kuoma ( Mohs )** | ~ 9.5 |
| **Chimiso chekufanza** | 2349 K (2076 ° C) |
| **Rheti ye kufanza** | 4200 K (3927 ° C) |
| **Huwandu hwe goko re rinopasi** | 0 |

Nangazira ye murazvo we Bhawaraki
**Bhawaraki** (ku Chingezi: Boron kubva kushoko re Chiarabhu *Bawraq*) kana **Bhoroni** inhangande ye mushonga. Ine chiratidzo che mushonga cha **B**. Ine numeri ye hatomi ya 5. Ichisimbi*;* ine miriki ye simbi uye isinasimbi. Bhawaraki zhinji inowanikwa mu kombaundi ye mushonga muchitofu chebhuraki (*ore borax*) yayo. Bhawaraki hayikwanise kutsvakwa mudondo.

## Tsananguro

Pane mhando dze bhawaraki mbiri dzinowanikwa (*allotropes*). Amorufosi bhawaraki ipawudha yeruvara rwembise uye bhawaraki ye usimbi (*crystalline*) ine ruvara rutema ne conducter iri isina kusimba muhujoto we kamure. Bhawaraki ndiyo nhangande ye chishanu muboterera yenhangande, pamusoro pezvo ibazi rechikamu chemeso werinopasi. Bhawaraki tsvene inoshandiswa se *dopant* (rucheka inowedzerwa ku *semiconductors* kuti ashandure maitiro ayo nemagetsi) mu hushangazhi we *semiconductor*.

Kombaundi ye mushonga we Bhawaraki yakakosha nekuti anogadzira rucheka wakasimba isinga reme stereki, se *nontoxic insecticides* ne *preservative* uye chiruka che mushonga.

Madzinde anoda bhawaraki mukati mawo kuti ave mapenyu. Ushoma hwe bhawaraki unodiwa mumwiri wemhuka kuti dzirambe dzine hutano hwakanaka. Zvekuti inochengeta hutano hwemhuka, hazvizivikwi kuti zvinoshanda sei mutsananguro refu.

Bhawaraki yakawanikwa ne Mungezi anonzi Saya Humphry Davy, nyanzvi ye chemishonga muna 1808.

Bhawaraki inonyauka mu 2075 °C (3767 °F), uye ino fanza mu 4000 °C (7232 °F).

## Zita

### Vambo (etymology)

Shoko re Chingezi rekuti *Boron* rinotorwa kubva ku shoko rekuti *borax* rakatorwa wo kubva ku Chiarabhu pashoko rekuti '*bawraq*'. Iro shoko rekuti *bawraq* ndiro rashandiswa zve kuturikira shoko re Chishona resimbi inonzi '*boron*' sezvakaitwa ne vatauri vemitauro mumwe. Pano sikwa mashoko ekutapa kana asina manzvovera anowedzerwa uye shona hayina 'q' saka 'k' aiswa pamusoro paro, ndokusikwa kwa 'bhawaraki'.

### Mashoko ashandiswa

Bhuraki (*borax*) - chishoteswo che Bhawaraki uye rinobvawo kushoko re Chiarabhu *al'buraq/bawraq* (البورق).

Miriki (*property*) - ratorwa kubva kuChiswahiri, kana shoko re Chishona richizivikwa ngari iswe pamusoro peiri.

Chisimbi (*metalloid*), Sinasimbi (*non-metal*), Amufurosi (*amorphous*) uye Gamasimbi (*semi-metal*) - tarisai peji re Gama kuti muzive chirevo charo.

Rucheka (*substance; material*), chiruka (*synthesis*)

## Mamwe mapeji ekutarisa

* Bhuraki
* Numeri ye hatomu
* Chisimbi
* Miriki
* Nhangande
* Simbi
# Yureniyamu

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| Yureniyamu, U |
| --- |
|  |
| Ratidziko | sirivhi pfumbu, usimbi; |
| Huremu hwe hatomu
*A*r, std(U) | 238.02891(3) |
| Yureniyamu mutafura ye rupotera |
| numeri ye hatomu (*Z*) | 92 |
| Boka | harina boka |
| Piriyodhi | piriyodhi 7 |
| Bhloku | bhloku re f |
| mhodigetsi configuration | [Rn] 5f3 6d1 7s2 |
| mhodzigetsi pa shell | 2, 8, 18, 32, 21, 9, 2 |
| ratidziko ye mtumbi |
| Fhezi pa STP | godo |
| Poyidhi ye kunyauka | 1405.3 K ​(1132.2 °C, ​2070 °F) |
| Poyindi ye kufanza | 4404 K ​(4131 °C, ​7468 °F) |
| Dhensiti (near r.t.) | 19.1 g/cm3 |
| iri mutuvi (pa m.p.) | 17.3 g/cm3 |
| dziya re fusion | 9.14 kJ/mol |
| Dziya re vaporization | 417.1 kJ/mol |
| Molar heat capacity | 27.665 J/(mol·K) |

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**Yureniyamu** (Nge. Uranium) inhangande yemushonga ine chinanga **U** nenhamba yeatomu 92. Atomu reYureniyamu rine maProton 92 nemhodzigetsi 92. Yureniyamu inoita husasaradzi (radioactive) nokuti mhandonyina dzayo hadzina hudzidzinindi - not stable/steady.