Rikunarita-ORG/Wikinium huggingface dataset:
# Ruambamhenyu

**Ruambamhenyu** (Chirungu: biology) kana Unenamhenyu mashoko ari kushandiswa pano kureva denhe reruzivo rinodzidzisa pamusoro pezvinhu zvinorarama zvinosanganisira: mhuka; muchero; hove; shiri; tupuka zvichingodaro. Zita iri rinonongedza kuti chidzidzo ichi chinotaura pamusoro pezvinhu zvinorarama zvine hupenyu - tichiturikira kuChirungu pari kunzi *"study of living things".* Munhu anoshanda mubazi iri anonzi chiambamhenyu (*biologist*).

* Mazwi anoti zvisikwa zvinopona kana zvisikwa zvinorarama ari kushandiswa pachinyorwa chino kuturikira chinonzi *Living Things or Living Organisms* kuChirungu.

## Kupiwa kweZita

* Chivakashure **ruamba** chiri kushandiswa kuturikira chivakamberi -logy chinowanikwa kuChirungu mumazwi anodudza zvidzidzo zvinoti: **biology, geology, physiology** nezvimwe.
* Chivakamberi cheChirungu chekuti *-logy* chinoreva "*a speaking, discourse, treatise, doctrine, theory, science".*

## Upangamutowo (taxonomy)

### Vambo re shoko

Muruambamhenyu, *taxonomy* (kubva kuChigiriki τάξις *( taxis )*  'kuronga; kupanga', uye -νομία *( -nomia )*  'mutowo') ndiko kudzidza kwesainzi kwekutumidza mazita, kutsanangura ( kudzingisa) uye kupatsanura mapoka ezvisikwa zvipenyu zvinoenderana nehunhu hwakagovaniswa.

* Kupangura (arrangement; classification)
	+ Hupango mu sainzi (scientific classification)
* Mutowo (method)
* Upangamutowo (taxonomy - arrangement method)

#### Kupiwa kwe zita

Zvichiendererana nepeji re Upangandimo, chivakamberi chekuti *-nomy* mu Chingezi, chivakashure chinonzi **Upanga** muChishona.

* Chivakashure **nomos** chaturikirwa kupanga (to make a law, command, order, arrange, organise, align, to devise).
* **Agronomist** rinenge roturikirwa kunzi chipangandimo.

## Mazwi eBantu

* VaChewa vanoti **muyambo** (traditional stories and teachings, customs of a people).
* VaVenda vanoti **luambo** (n. language) kureva mutauro. Mamwe mazwi: **amba** (v. talk).
* VaVenda vanoti **tshilo** (n. life) kureva hupenyu.
* BaKalanga vanoti **buchilo** (life) vachireva hupenyu.

## Zvitaridzwa

* Animalia - Bos primigenius taurus
* Planta - Triticum
* Fungi - Morchella esculenta
* Stramenopila/Chromista - Fucus serratus
* Bacteria - Gemmatimonas aurantiaca (- = 1 Micrometer)
* Archaea - Halobacteria
* Virus - Gamma phage

## Mabviro eruzivo
# Sainzi

*peji rino rinoda kuwerengwa ne kuwedzerwa*

**Sainzi** (Sho. **Guruzivo,** Nge. *Science*) ruzivo runowanikwa nekudzidzira, kucherechedza nekuedza chokwadi chakamboonekwa uye chisina kutsigirwa. Galileo Galilei anowanzoonekwa sababa vesainzi yemazuva ano.

## Mhando dze sainzi

Kune akasiyana sainzi akaiswa muzvikamu zvinotevera:

**Sainzi ye zvisikwanamwari Ruambamhenyu
* Tarachisi
* Ruambamhuka

**sainzi ye nhambwe Fundoyetsimba
* Masvomhu
* Chemishonga

**Sainzi ye nzanga Ruambakare/Unenakare (akyoroji)
* Dzidzo
* Ruambandanga
* Utongwanyika / matongegwoenyika

**sainzi ye zvishandiswa Ruambarueza (tekinoroji)
* Umhizha (Uenjiniya)

Dzimwe nzira dze sainzi ndedziri pazasi:

* Ubvidza (kompitensi)
* Ruambanyeredzi
* Uchidza (therapi)

## Mutowo we sainzi

Hwaro hwesainzi hunoshanda. Miitiro yesainzi ine mitoo yavo imene inoshandiswa kuratidza zvokwadi dzesayenzi.

Matsananguriro echinhu chesainzi anobva mudzidziso kana fungidziro. Zvadaro, kuitira kuti chokwadi chigamuchirwe, chinobuda kubva mukufungidzira uye kuburikidza nemiedzo yepamutemo, inovandudza pfungwa yakakwana kana dzidziso senyaya yekutaura uye maitiro.

Saka, chimiro chenzira yesainzi maonero anofambirana nezviito zviri kutariswa. Kubva pamaonero masayendisiti anoumba dzidziso. Gare gare vanoongorora kana dzidziso dzacho dziri dzechokwadi. Kunze kwekunge ivo vachiramba dzidziso. Kana zvichiita sokuti kakawanda dzidziso yacho yakafanotaura chokwadi, uye haina kukanganisa, inenge iri dzidziso inogamuchirika.
# Nhengo dzesikarudzi

Muchidzidzo Chezvipenyu (Biology) nhengo dzesikarudzi (reproductive organs) inhengo dzevanhu varume nevakadzi dzine chokuita nekuzvarwa kwevana. Nhengo idzi dzinosanganisira dzinoonekwa nokunze neidzo dzisingaonekwe nokunze.

Nhengo yechikadzi inoonekwa nekunze inonzi mbutu. Mukati mune nhengo dzinosanganisira: chibereko; makandiro; mukana; nemachubhu anofamba nemazai emukadzi.

Nhengo dzemurume dzesikarudzi dzinosanganisira mboro nemachende - rimwe richinzi jende. Mukati mune machubhu anofamba neuronyo hunova hunotakura mbeu yemurume.

## Mitauro yeBantu

* VaZigula vanoti **nnyo** (n. genitals - male and female) vachireva nhengo dzesikarudzi
# Ruambamuta

**Ruambamuta** (Chirungu: physiology) chidzidzo chakanangana nekududzira mashandiro akarungama muzvinhu zvipenyu. Apa chinangwa ndechekuziva kuti mhuka kana dzinde rine hutano hwakanaka rinofanirwa kunge richishanda sei. Chidzidzo ichi chiri pasi pebazi reronzamhenyu. Chinowongorora nokucherechedza: muviri; nhengo dzemuviri; madandira enhengo; zvizinga uye mishonga-mhenyu irimo mumiviri, zvose izvi zvichiita mibisho nemishonga uye yemabasa makukutu anoitwa nemuviri. Chidzidzo ichi chine zvikamu zvinoti: Ruambamuta wemhuka; Ruambamuta rwemadzinde; Ruambamuta rwemado; Ruambamuta rwetupukanana; Ruambamuta rwebhakitiriya; Ruambamuta rwevhairasi.

## Kupiwa kweZita

* Chivakashure **ruamba** chiri kushandiswa kuturikira chivakamberi logy chinowanikwa kuEnglish mumazwi anodudza zvidzidzo zvnoti: **biology, geology, physiology** etc.
* Cherechedzai kutodzana kwemazwi anotevera: **kukwara**, gwaro; gwaronhau. Murangariro mumwe wakatevedzwa zvichibva pakuti kuamba kana **kuyamba**, ambo kana yambo kusvika pakuumba Ruambamuta.
* **Physiologist** rinenge roturikirwa kunzi chiyambamuta. Chikamu chekuti **muta** chiri kubva kumutauro weChikongo unoti **ta** kureva muviri.
* **Physiology** - The biological study of the functions of living organisms and their parts.
* Chivakashure **physio-** chinodudzwa kunzi **of or relating to nature or natural functions**.

## Mamwe Mazwi

* Ruambadenda (Pathology).
* Ruambamutamutenda (Pathophysiology).

## Mitauro yeBantu

* VaChewa vanoti **muyambo** (traditional stories and teachings, customs of a people).
* VaVenda vanoti **luambo** (n. language) kureva mutauro. Mamwe mazwi: **amba** (v. talk).
* VaVenda vanoti **muta** kana **mita** (n. family) kureva mhuri. VaVenda vanoti **divhamuvhili** (n. Physiology).
* VaKongo vanoti **ta** (n. body) vachireva muviri.
# Tarachisi

**Tarachisi** (*Geography*) - iri izwi riri kubva kumazwi ari kuEnglish anoti: *geo* rinoreva nyika (earth) muChiGreeK, uye *graph* rinoreva mutaro kana kuti mufananidzo.

## Mitauro yeBantu

* VaTonga vanoti **cisi** (land, country, place, nation). VaGiryama vanoti **tsi** (land).
* VaLunda neVaLenje vanoti **chisi** (country, region, land, district, village and its neighbourhood).
* VaLenje vanoti **nshi** kana **nsi** (land, region, ground underfoot) apa kurva pasi kana pavhu.
* Kinyarwanda inoti **isi** (world, earth). Lugwere vanoti **chisi** (region, country).
# Ruambanhanga

Izwi rokuti ruambanhanga ari kushandiswa kuturikira chinonzi **Ecology** kuEnglish. Ruambanhanga chidzidzo chinotarisa hukama huripo pakati pezvinhu zvinorarama nenharaunda yakakomberedza.

Pachinyorwa chino izwi rokuti nhanga (1. Forest with desired species; 2. Place usually frequented by individual or group for food gathering or hunting) riri kureva nzvimbo inozivikanwa kuti ine zvinowanikwa zvakadai semichero, hohwa kana mhuka.

## Kupiwa kweZita

* Chivakashure **ruamba** chiri kushandiswa kuturikira chivakamberi logy chinowanikwa kuEnglish mumazwi anodudza zvidzidzo zvnoti: **biology, geology, physiology** etc.
* Chivakamberi cheEnglish chekuti *-logy* chinoreva *a speaking, discourse, treatise, doctrine, theory, science".*
* **Ecologist** rinenge roturikirwa richinzi chinenanhanga

## Mitauro yeBantu

* VaChewa vanoti **muyambo** (traditional stories and teachings, customs of a people).
* VaVenda vanoti **luambo** (n. language) kureva mutauro. Mamwe mazwi: **amba** (v. talk).