# Uzbekistan

| Republic of Uzbekistan*O‘zbekiston Respublikasi*,  Ўзбекистон Республикаси  (Uzbek) |
| --- |
|
Flag

Emblem

 |
| **Anthem:O‘zbekiston Respublikasining Davlat Madhiyasi*,  Ўзбекистон Республикасининг Давлат Мадҳияси "State Anthem of the Republic of Uzbekistan" |
| Location of Uzbekistan (green) |
| Capitaland largest city | Tashkent ﻿ / ﻿ |
| Official languages | Uzbek |
| Recognized national languages | Russian |
| Recognised regional languages | Karakalpak |
| Ethnic groups (2021) | * 84.5% Uzbeks
* 4.8% Tajiks
* 2.4% Kazakhs
* 2.2% Karakalpaks
* 2.1% Russians
* 4.0% others
 |
| Demonym(s) | Uzbekistani • Uzbek |
| Government | Unitary presidential republic |
|  |
| • President  | Shavkat Mirziyoyev |
| • Prime Minister  | Abdulla Aripov |
|  |
| Legislature | Oliy Majlis |
| • Upper house | Senate |
| • Lower house | Legislative Chamber |
| Formation |
|  |
| • Uzbek Khanate  | 1428–1471 |
| • Uzbek khanates  | 1500–1920 |
| • Turkestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic  | 30 April 1918 |
| • Uzbek SSR  | 27 October 1924 |
| • Declaration of Independence  | 31 August 1991 |
| • Republic of Uzbekistan  | 1 September 1991 |
| • Independence recognized  | 26 December 1991 |
| • Current constitution  | 1 May 2023 |
|  |
| Area |
| • Total | 448,978 km2 (173,351 sq mi) (55th) |
| • Water (%) | 4.9 |
| Population |
| • 2024 estimate | 37,535,605 (40th) |
| • Density | 80.2/km2 (207.7/sq mi) (138th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2024 estimate |
| • Total |  $428.657 billion (57th) |
| • Per capita |  $11,900 (122th) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2024 estimate |
| • Total |  $112.60 billion (70th) |
| • Per capita |  $3,050 (138th) |
| Gini (2013) |  36.7 medium |
| HDI (2022) |  0.740 high · 106th |
| Currency | Uzbek sum (UZS) |
| Time zone | UTC+5 (UZT) |
| Date format | dd/mm yyyyc |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +998 |
| ISO 3166 code | UZ |
| Internet TLD | .uz |
| **Website** gov.uz |
| 1. Co-official in Karakalpakstan.
2. On 31 August 1991, the Supreme Soviet of the Uzbek SSR voted to declare the country independent from the Soviet Union. The next day was declared a national holiday by the Uzbek government, and became an Independence Day.
3. dd.mm.yyyy format is used in Cyrillic scripts, including Russian.
 |

**Uzbekistan**, officially the **Republic of Uzbekistan**, is a country in Central Asia. Its capital and largest city is Tashkent. There are about 37,5 million people living in Uzbekistan, in 2023. The neighbouring countries are Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Turkmenistan. It is a doubly landlocked country, of which there are only two in the world. Most people in Uzbekistan speak a language called Uzbek, a Turkic language similar to Uyghur and Turkish. In the Uzbek language, Uzbekistan is called "O‘zbekiston" and it means "the land of the true nobles". Uzbekistan has a long history. Humans first lived in Uzbekistan from before the 2nd millennium BC. The current president today is Shavkat Mirziyoyev.

Sunni Islam is its largest religion with Hanafi being the main school of law.

## Provinces

Uzbekistan is divided into twelve provinces, one autonomous republic, and one independent city. The provinces are divided into districts.

Political Map of Uzbekistan

| Division | Capital City | Area (km²) | Population (2008) | Key |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Buxoro Region | Buxoro (Bukhara) | 39,400 | 1,576,800 | 3 |
| Jizzax Region | Jizzax | 20,500 | 1,090,900 | 5 |
| Navoiy Region | Navoiy | 110,800 | 834,100 | 7 |
| Qashqadaryo Region | Qarshi | 28,400 | 2,537,600 | 8 |
| Samarqand Region | Samarkand | 16,400　 | 3,032,000 | 9 |
| Sirdaryo Region | Guliston | 5,100 | 698,100 | 10 |
| Surxondaryo Region | Termiz | 20,800 | 2,012,600 | 11 |
| Tashkent Region | Toshkent (Tashkent) | 15,300　 | 2,537,500 | 12 |
| Tashkent City | Toshkent (Tashkent) | ??? | 2,192,700 | 1 |
| Fergana Region | Fergana　 | 6,800 | 2,997,400 | 4 |
| Andijan Region | Andijan | 4,200 | 2,477,900 | 2 |
| Namangan Region | Namangan | 7,900 | 2,196,200 | 6 |
| Xorazm Region | Urganch | 6,300　 | 1,517,600 | 13 |
| Qaraqalpaqstan Respublikasi | Nukus | 160,000 | 1,612,300 | 14 |

Registan
Xiva

* Poopak NikTalab. Sarve Samarghand (Cedar of Samarkand), continuous interpretation of Rudaki's poems, Tehran 2020, Faradid Publications {Introduction}