Rikunarita-ORG/Wikinium huggingface dataset:
# Tamsui District

**Tamsui District** (Chinese: 淡水鎮, Taiwanese: Tām-súi/Tām-chúi, Tongyong Pinyin: Danshuei, Hanyu Pinyin: Danshui) is a sea-side town in Taipei County, Taiwan. The town has a population of 130,105 people. It is named after a river whose name means "Freshwater". The town is also popular as a site for viewing the sun setting into the Taiwan Strait. There are three universities in this town.
# Second Cold War

A map showing the three main powers of a hypothetical Second Cold War: United States, Russia, and China.
**Second Cold War**, **Cold War II**, or the **New Cold War** is a term that has been used by analysts and scholars to describe the growing geopolitical tensions between the United States and its allies on one side and China and/or Russia and those partnered with either on the other side in the 21st century.

This term draws comparisons to the original Cold War that lasted from the end of World War II in 1945 until the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. During the first Cold War, the world was divided into two opposing sides: the U.S. and its allies on one side, and the Soviet Union and its allies on the other.

This Second Cold War, however, has no definite meanings. Rather it has been variously referred to relations without agreement by various sources on the existence and development of this Cold War.
# National Taiwan University

National Taiwan University
**National Taiwan University** (**NTU**; Chinese: 國立臺灣大學) is a university in Taiwan. The main campus is in Taipei City. It was founded in 1928.

## University presidents

### National Taiwan University

* Kuan Chung-ming: since 8 January 2019
* Tei-Wei Kuo (interim): October 2017 – January 2019
* Yang Pan-chyr: June 2013 – June 2017
* Lee Si-chen : August 2005 – June 2013
* Chen Wei-jao: 22 June 1993 – June 2005
* Kuo Kuang-hsiung: March 1993 – June 1993
* Sun Chen: August 1984 – February 1993
* Yu Chao-chung: August 1981 – July 1984
* Yen Cheng-hsing: June 1970 – July 1981
* Chien Szu-liang: January 1951 – May 1970
* Shen Kang-po: December 1950 – January 1951
* Fu Szu-nien: January 1949 – December 1950
* Chuang Chang-kung: June 1948 – December 1948
* Lu Chih-houng: August 1946 – May 1948
* Lo Tsung-lo: August 1945 – July 1946

### Taihoku Imperial University

* Kazuo Ando (安藤一雄): March 1945 – August 1945
* Masatsugu Ando: April 1941 – March 1945
* Sadanori Mita: September 1937 – April 1941
* Taira Shidehara: March 1928 – September 1937

## Nobel laureates

* Dr.Yuan-Tseh Lee (Chemistry)

## Other websites

* Taida
# Matsu Islands

Lienchiang County in the Republic of China
The **Matsu Islands** (Chinese: 馬祖列島; pinyin: *Mǎzǔ Lièdǎo*) are a small group of islands in the Taiwan Strait. There are 19 islands.

They are governed as a county of the Republic of China (ROC), **Lienchiang County** (Chinese: 連江縣; pinyin: *Liánjiāng Xiàn*). This county is part of Fujian Province. It is the smallest county in the ROC.
# Uber

Uber Technologies, Inc.|  |
| Headquarters in Mission Bay, San Francisco |
| Formerly | Ubercab (2009–2011) |
| Company type | Public |
| Traded as | * NYSE: UBER
* DJTA component
* S&P 500 component
 |
| Industry | * Transportation
* Mobility as a service
 |
| Founded | March 2009 (2009-03) |
| Founders | * Garrett Camp
* Travis Kalanick
 |
| Headquarters | San Francisco, California, U.S. |
| Area served | 70 countries and 10,500 cities worldwide |
| Key people | * Ronald Sugar (chairman)
* Dara Khosrowshahi (CEO)
 |
| Services | * Taxi
* Food delivery
* Package delivery
* Freight transport
 |
| Revenue |  US$43.98 billion (2024) |
| Operating income |  US$2.799 billion (2024) |
| Net income |  US$9.856 billion (2024) |
| Total assets |  US$51.24 billion (2024) |
| Total equity |  US$21.56 billion (2024) |
| Number of employees | 31,100 (2024) |
| Subsidiaries | * Careem (2020–2023)
* Cornershop
* Drizly (2021–2024)
* Postmates
* Uber Carshare (2022–2024)
* Uber Eats
 |
| Website | uber.com |
| **Footnotes / references** |

Uber taxi
**Uber** traded on the NYSE under the ticker (UBER) is an American-based ride-sharing company. It created the Uber mobile app and a ridesharing network. “Shared rides” are provided by Uber drivers to passengers. The passengers pay money for each ride they receive. The mobile app allows passengers to request trips and pay for the rides online.

Passengers who want Uber rides “sign-up” with the Uber passenger mobile app. They provide their name, smartphone number, and a credit card number to Uber. Then they can request shared-rides through the Uber app.

Uber drivers use the Uber driver mobile app to find rideshare passengers. They are first enrolled with Uber as drivers. Then they log-on to the Uber mobile app. This tells Uber they are in a certain area and can take rideshares as passengers. The Uber app looks for passengers who want a ride to a particular place. The Uber driver finds the passenger via the map. Then they pick up the passenger and drive to the destination. When they reach the destination, they drop-off the passenger. The Uber mobile app records the journey, bills the passenger, and pays the driver.

Uber uses third party Internet mapping services such as Google Maps to find the location of the passenger and to navigate the driver.

Uber was founded as "UberCab" in San Francisco by Travis Kalanick and Garrett Camp in 2009. Three years later, Uber started to open international offices. In 2014, it experimented with carpooling features and made other updates.

In September 2018, Uber introduced a new logo.

## Other websites

* Official website
# Symbian

Symbian OS| Developer | Symbian Ltd. (1998–2008) Symbian Foundation (2008–11) Nokia (2010–11) Accenture on behalf of Nokia (2011–13) |
| Written in | C++ |
| OS family | RTOS |
| Working state | Discontinued |
| Source model | Closed source, previously open source (2010–11) |
| Initial release | 5 June 1997 (1997-06-05) (as EPOC32) |
| Latest release | Nokia Belle Feature Pack 2 / 2 October 2012 |
| Available in | Multi-lingual |
| Update method | 65 |
| Package manager | .sis, .sisx, .jad, .jar |
| Platforms | ARM, x86 |
| Kernel type | Real-time microkernel, EKA2 |
| Default user interface | S60 (from 2009) |
| License | Proprietary, previously licensed under EPL |
| Official website | symbian.nokia.com (defunct as of May 2014), symbian.org (defunct as of 2009–10) |

**Symbian OS** is an operating system for mobile devices. It is designed for smartphones.

## History

Nokia, Motorola, Ericsson, Psion and others joined to create Symbian association. This let them promote using EPOC designed for mobile phones. Symbian is a follower of EPOC system. It is used in pocket PC Psion, running on the ARM processors. This operating system has had many changes since it was first created. Nokia smartphones are the major users of Symbian OS. The last Symbian phone is the Nokia 808 PureView. The Nokia 808 PureView was released in May 2012.

## Versions

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
| Symbian 6.0 / 6.1 |
The first usable version of Symbian. It was used on Nokia 9210 communicator. Nokia sold over 500 000pcs of this type. Basic changes were: add bluetooth support, VGA camera. |
| Symbian 7.0 / 7.1 |
Very important version of Symbian OS. Developers add support of EDGE technology and IPv6. Change from pJava to Java ME. A virus, spread by bluetooth, caused problems with this version. |
| Symbian 8.0 / 8.1 |
Safer version of Symbian (because of the first virus), with CDMA, 3G, DVB-H and OpenGL support. |
| Symbian 9.0 |
There was only few changes, mostly for developers. |
| Symbian 9.x | Version 9.1 was released in 2005. Nokia added support of Bluetooth 2.0, but some developers were angry because of the new security changes. |

A new version came out every year after 2005. Because of fast technology research, mobile phones and operation systems made very large improvement quickly. The most recent Symbian OS is designed for touch phones and the newest technologies.
# British Indian Ocean Territory

Flag of the British Indian Ocean Territory
The **British Indian Ocean Territory** is a dependency of the United Kingdom. It includes many small islands in the Indian Ocean. The territory is the seven atolls of the Chagos Archipelago with over 1,000 individual islands – many very small. There is a total land area of 60 square kilometres (23 sq mi). The largest island is Diego Garcia.

Both India and Mauritius claim the territories, and do not recognise the United Kingdom's authority over the Chagos Archipelago. India does not recognise Anglo sovereignty over these "Cultural Indo-Indian/Indies islands" and has disputed their status since 1947.

Coat of arms of British Indian Ocean Territory
A map of the British Indian Ocean Territory
The natives of these islands were deported (made to leave their homes) by the British government. They were sent to Mauritius and the Seychelles. This happened in 1968 to 1973, to allow the United States to build a joint UK/US military base. In 2000, the High Court of the UK first ruled that the natives had the right to return home, but the government have been fought hard against this court decision, and many of the natives are still said to be tried to move back to the islands. Following resumed negotiations a treaty was signed on 22 May 2025 that will formally transfer the sovereignty of the territory to Mauritius once it comes into effect, while the Diego Garcia military base remains under British control during a 99-year lease. The UK government expects the treaty to be ratified near the end of 2025. On May 23, 2025, India welcomed the agreement between the United Kingdom and Mauritius for the transfer of sovereignty over the Chagos Islands, describing it as an important step in completing the decolonization of the island nation "in the spirit of international law and a rules-based order".

In June 2025, UN experts called for the suspension of a recently signed agreement between the United Kingdom and Mauritius, warning that it failed to protect the rights of the displaced Chagossian people. “By maintaining a foreign military presence of the United Kingdom and the United States on Diego Garcia and preventing the Chagossian people from returning… the agreement appears to be in contradiction with the Chagossian right of return,” according to the experts. The experts criticized the lack of provisions allowing access to cultural sites or the preservation of the Chagossian heritage. They called on the two countries to renegotiate the restitution agreement, stating, “We call for the suspension of ratification of the agreement and the negotiation of a new agreement that fully guarantees the rights of the Chagossian people”.
# House of Bourbon

| House of Bourbon |
| --- |
|  |
| Parent house | Capet |
| Country | * France
* Spain
* Luxembourg
* Two Sicilies
* Parma
 |
| Etymology | Bourbon |
| Founded | 1272 (1272) |
| Founder | Robert, Count of Clermont, the sixth son of King Louis IX of France, married Beatrice of Bourbon |
| Current head | Prince Louis Alphonse, Duke of Anjou |
| Final ruler | * France and Navarre: Charles X (1824–1830)
* Of the French: Louis Philippe I (1830–1848)
* Parma: Roberto I (1854–1859)
* Two Sicilies: Francis II (1859–1861)
 |
| Titles |
List
* **King of France and Navarre King of Spain
	+ King of Aragon and Castile
* King of the Two Sicilies
* King of Poland
* Grand Duke of Lithuania
* Grand Duke of Luxembourg
* Dauphin of France
* Duke of Bourbon
* Duke of Calabria
* Duke of Vendôme
* Duke of Orléans
* Duke of Anjou
* Duke of Berry
* Duke of Alençon
* Duke of Angoulême
* Duke of Parma
* Duke of Lucca
* Prince of Condé
* Prince of Conti
* Count of La Marche
* Count of Soissons
* Count of Provence
* Count of Artois
* Count of Barcelona
 |
| Estate(s) | * France
* Navarre
* Spain
* Two Sicilies
* Luxembourg
* Parma
 |
| Deposition | * France (and Navarre until 1830):
	+ 1830: July Revolution
	+ 1848: February Revolution
* Parma, 1859: Annexation by Kingdom of Sardinia
* Two Sicilies, 1861: Italian unification
 |
| Cadet branches | **House of Bourbon-Anjou House of Bourbon-Braganza (extinct)
* House of Bourbon-Parma
* House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies

**House of Orléans House of Orléans-Braganza
* House of Orléans-Galliera
* House of Bourbon-Montpensier

**House of Condé** (extinct)
* House of Conti
* House of Soissons

**House of Bourbon-Bhopal** (disputed)
**Illegitimate branches House of Bourbon-Busset
* House of Bourbon-Maine
* House of Bourbon-Montpensier
* House of Bourbon-Penthièvre
* House of Bourbon-Vendôme
 |

The **House of Bourbon** is an important royal house of Europe. Kings from the House of Bourbon ruled France from 1589 to 1792 and again from 1815 to 1848. This is a younger branch of the Capetian dynasty. Members of the House of Bourbon also ruled Naples, Sicily, and Parma in the past. Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg and King Felipe VI of Spain are both part of the House of Bourbon.

## Branches

**All of these branches descended from three legitimate grandsons of Louis XIV**.

* Bourbons of France, such as King Louis XV.
* House of Bourbon–Anjou, Bourbons of Spain, such as the present King.
* Bourbons of Parma, Dukes of Parma
* Bourbons of the Two Sicilies, Kings of the Two Sicilies
# Swing (politics)

When people talk about elections, or votes, they use the term **swing**, to say how much a result changed, compared to the last vote or election. Very often, a swing is done based on the party, and not the candidate. The candidates of a party may change between elections. Usually, the results are published as graphics, to say so many voters that used to elect a candidate from one party now pick a candidate from another.

When electing an US president, there are states, that only have a few votes, but where these few votes often change the result. These are known as swing states.
# Industry

Historical photo of a factory in Lodz (Poland), probably taken 1877 or 1878.
In economics, different kinds of manufacturing and services are broken down into groups called **industries**. The word comes from a Latin word meaning "working diligently at a task". There are many different industries, like mining, farming and logging. The industrial revolution made new industries.

An industry produces goods or services which are of a common set of qualities and which are indistinguishable (called homogeneous, in economics). It uses standardised processes for production, mass production and division of labor.

## History

### Slavery

Slavery, which is forcing people to make goods and services, has happened since ancient times throughout the world as a way to have low-cost production. It usually produces goods for which profit depends on economies of scale. International law has declared slavery illegal.

### Industrial Revolution

The industrial revolution (from the mid-18th century to the mid-19th century) saw the development and popularization of using machines to make goods instead of using hands. The industrial revolution played a role in the abolition of slavery in Europe and in North America.
# Herring

| Herring |
| --- |
|  |
| Atlantic Herring |
| Scientific classification |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Clupeiformes |
| Family: | Clupeidae |
| Genus: | Clupea Linnaeus, 1758 |
| Type species |
| Clupea harengus  |

Clupea harengus
Pickled herring to eat.
A **herring** is a small teleost fish of the genus *Clupea*. Best-known of this family is probably the Atlantic herring. There are 15 different species of herring. When herrings migrate in the water they usually do this in large numbers; this is then called a *school* of herring. Like other fish, they do this for protection: see shoaling and schooling.

Herrings can be eaten. They are often smoked or pickled.

A **red herring** is used to describe a plot device in mystery fiction that leads the reader to a wrong solution.
# Banda Sea

The **Banda Sea** is part of the Pacific Ocean. It lies between Sulawesi, East Timor and New Guinea. Sulawesi, and part of New Guinea are part of Indonesia today. East Timor is an independent country. The Banda Sea extends about 1,200 kilometres (750 mi) east-west, and about 600 kilometres (370 mi) from north to south. It contains the Banda Arc, with the Lesser Sunda Islands and the Maluku Islands. Islands such as Sulawesi are part of the Greater Sunda Islands. In its center, the Banda Sea has a depth of 5,800 metres (19,000 ft). Its lowest point is at the Weber deep, at 7,440 metres (24,410 ft).
# Saur Revolution

The **Saur Revolution** (pronounced like "sour"; Dari: إنقلاب ثور or ۷ ثور (literally 7th Saur); Pashto: د ثور انقلاب), also romanized **Sowr Revolution** and alternatively called the **April Revolution** or the **April Coup**, was a revolution in which the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA) overthrew General Mohammad Daoud Khan and his republican government on 27–28 April 1978. The revolution caused a new Marxist-Leninist government to be formed in the country and was named after the date in the Persian calendar.

## Other websites

* Surviving the 1978 Revolution in Afghanistan, a personal account of the experiences of Larry Clinton Thompson, an American, during the Saur Revolution
* How I escaped from jail in Afghanistan by Ismail Sloan, another personal account of an American who traveled to Afghanistan to rescue assets shortly after the revolution and during Khan's short-lived government