Rikunarita-ORG/Wikinium huggingface dataset:
# United States Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs

Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee| Standing committee |
| --- |
| **ActiveUnited States Senate** 119th Congress |
| History |
| Formed | October 9, 2004 |
| Succeeded | Committee on the District of Columbia (1816) Committee on Post Office and Civil Service (1816) Committee on Retrenchment (1842) Committee on Expenditures in the Executive Departments (1921) Committee on Government Operations (1952) Committee on Governmental Affairs (1978) |
| Leadership |
| Chair | Rand Paul (R) Since January 3, 2025 |
| Ranking member | Gary Peters (D) Since January 3, 2025 |
| Structure |
| Seats | 15 members |
| Political parties | **Majority** (8)
* Republican (8)

**Minority**  (7)
* Democratic (7)
 |
| Jurisdiction |
| Policy areas | Accounting standards, Census, Compliance audit, Federal civil service, Federal Protective Service, Federal statistics, Financial audit, Freedom of information, Government of the District of Columbia, Governmental accounting, Homeland security, Mail, National archives, Nuclear export policy, Organization and reorganization of the executive branch of government, Performance audit, Public procurement, Records management, United States budget process |
| Oversight authority | Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency, Department of Homeland Security, Domestic Nuclear Detection Office, Government Accountability Office, Federal Emergency Management Agency, General Services Administration, National Archives and Records Administration, Office of E-Government & Information Technology, Office of Federal Financial Management, Office of Federal Procurement Policy, Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, Postal Regulatory Commission, United States Capitol Police, United States Census Bureau, United States Office of Management and Budget, United States Office of Personnel Management, United States Postal Service, United States Secret Service, Washington, D.C., White House Office of Intergovernmental Affairs |
| House counterpart | House Committee on Homeland Security, House Committee on Oversight and Reform |
| Meeting place |
| 340 Dirksen Senate Office Building Washington, D.C. |
| Website |
| www.hsgac.senate.gov |
| Rules |
| * Rules of the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs
 |
|  |

The **United States Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs** is the main oversight committee of the United States Senate. It focuses on issues related to the Department of Homeland Security and other homeland security concerns. It was called the **United States Senate Committee on Governmental Affairs** before homeland security was added to its responsibilities in 2004.
# Oklahoma State University

**Oklahoma State University** is a public university in Stillwater, Oklahoma.

## Sports

Oklahoma State's men's athletic teams are called the Cowboys. The women's athletic teams are called the Cowgirls. Oklahoma State has 16 varsity teams. They compete in the Big 12 Conference.
# Obstetrics

**Obstetrics** is the medical speciality that deals with helping a woman during pregnancy and childbirth. It is part of gynaecology.

## Gallery

* Two midwives assisting a woman in labour on a birth chair in the 16th century, from a work by Eucharius Rößlin.
* Leopold's maneuvers
# Oklahoma Territory

Map of Oklahoma Territory and Indian Territory, 1890s
**Oklahoma Territory** was an organized territory of the United States from May 2, 1890 until November 16, 1907, when Oklahoma became the 46th state. It was made up of the western area of what is now the state of Oklahoma. The eastern area consisted of the last remaining part of Indian Territory.

## Lands that came to make up Oklahoma Territory

* Old Oklahoma – April, 22, 1889 – opened by land run.
* No Man's Land – May 2, 1890, assigned to Oklahoma Territory by Organic Act.
* Iowa reserve – September 22, 1891 – opened by land run.
* Sac and Fox reserve – September 22, 1891 – opened by land run.
* Tonkawa reserve – 1891 – allotment.
* Citizen Potawatomi and Absentee Shawnee reserve – September 22, 1891 – opened by land run.
* Cheyenne Arapaho reserve – April 19, 1892 – opened by land run.
* Cherokee Outlet – September 17, 1893 – opened by land run.
* Kickapoo reserve – May 4, 1896 – opened by land run.
* Greer County – March 16, 1896 – officially assigned to Oklahoma Territory (Supreme Court decision May 23, 1895, separated the county from Texas).
* Comanche, Kiowa, and Apache reserve – June 9 through August 6, 1901 – lottery.
* Wichita and Caddo reserve – June 9 through August 6, 1901 – lottery.
* Ponca and Otoe–Misouria reserve – 1904 – allotment.
* Kaw reserve – 1906 – allotment.
* Osage reserve – 1906 – allotment.
* Big Pasture – December 1906 – sealed bid.

## Other websites

* *History of the State of Oklahoma*, 1908 Archived 2008-09-21 at the Wayback Machine
# Pete Dye

| Pete Dye |
| --- |
| Born | (1925-12-29)December 29, 1925 Urbana, Ohio, U.S. |
| Died | January 9, 2020(2020-01-09) (aged 94) Gulf Stream, Florida, U.S. |
| Nationality | American |
| Alma mater | Rollins College |
| Occupation | Golf course designer |
| Spouse |
Alice (O'Neal) Dye
​ ​(m. 1950; died 2019)​ |
| Children | 2 sons (Perry, P.B.) |
| Parent(s) | Elizabeth and Paul "Pink" Dye |
| Awards | World Golf Hall of Fame PGA Tour Lifetime Achievement Award Old Tom Morris Award Doctor of Landscape Architecture ASGCA *Donald Ross Award*  |

**Paul B. "Pete" Dye** (December 29, 1925 – January 9, 2020) was an American golf course designer. He was a member of a family of course designers. He was married to fellow designer and former amateur champion Alice Dye.

Dye designed the *Radrick Farms Golf Course* for the University of Michigan in 1962, but the course did not open until 1965. Dye's first well-known course was Crooked Stick Golf Club in Carmel, Indiana, north of Indianapolis, begun in 1964.

Dye died on January 9, 2020 in Gulf Stream, Florida of dementia-related problems at the age of 94.

## Other websites

* Pete Dye Golf Club
* American Society of Golf Course Architects profile
* Bio from Dye Designs
* Time – Top 10 Most Difficult Golf Courses Pete Dye nickname Marquis de Sod (Doc D.) Archived 2012-02-16 at the Wayback Machine
# Book club

A **book club** is a club where people regularly meet to discuss a book that they have read and talk about their opinions, likes, dislikes of the characters and plot. Book clubs meet in private homes, libraries, bookstores, pubs, cafes or restaurants over meals, etc.
# Genovese crime family

| **Genovese crime family** |
| --- |
| In | New York City |
| Founded by | Lucky Luciano |
| Years active | 1931-present |
| Territory | Various neighborhoods over NYC and throughout the USA. |
| Ethnicity | Italian, Italian-American made men and other ethnicities as "associates" |
| Membership | 250 - 300 made members, 3500 associates approx |
| Criminal activities | Racketeering, conspiracy, loansharking, money laundering, murder, narcotics, extortion, pornography, bookmaking, and gambling. |
| Allies | Gambino, Bonanno, Colombo, and Lucchese Crime Families |
| Rivals | Various gangs over NYC including their allies |

The **Genovese crime family** is one of the "Five Families" that controls organized crime activities in New York City, within the nationwide criminal phenomenon known as the Mafia (or Cosa Nostra). The Genovese crime family has been nicknamed the "Ivy League" and "Rolls Royce" of organized crime.

## Bosses of the Genovese crime family

* 1922–1931 – Giuseppe "Joe the Boss" Masseria (Boss, murdered in 1931 during the Castellammarese War)
* 1931–1946 – Salvatore 'Charlie "Lucky" Luciano' Lucania (Boss, jailed in 1936)
* 1936–1946 – Frank "Frankie the Prime Minister" Costello (acting boss)
* 1946–1957 – Frank "Frankie the Prime Minister" Costello (Boss, retired)
* 1957–1969 – Vito "Don Vito" Genovese (Boss, jailed 1959, died in prison in 1969)
* Circa 1959–1972 – Thomas "Tommy Ryan" Eboli (acting boss, turned front boss sometime in the mid-1960s, murdered 1972)
* Circa 1965–1972 – Gerardo "Jerry" Catena (jailed 1970-72, retired 1973, died 2000 at age 98)
* Circa 1965–1981 – Philip "Benny Squint" Lombardo (retired)
* 1972–1981 – Frank "Funzi" Tieri (acting boss, turned front boss sometime in the early 1970s by the family)
* 1981–1987 – Anthony "Fat Tony" Salerno (front boss for Vincent Gigante, jailed 1987, died in prison)
* 1981–2005 – Vincent "Chin" Gigante (Boss, jailed 1997, died in prison of heart failure on December 19, 2005)
* 1990–1996 – Liborio "Barney" Bellomo (street boss, jailed)
* 1996–1998 – Dominick "Quiet Dom" Cirillo (street boss, steps down)
* 1997–2003 – Matthew "Matty the Horse" Ianniello (acting boss, jailed)
* 2003–2005 – Dominick "Quiet Dom" Cirillo (acting boss, jailed)
* 2005–2006 – Mario Gigante (acting boss, possible in retirement after the death of his brother in 2005)
* 2006–2007 – Daniel "Danny the Lion" Leo (*acting boss*) (indicted May 31, 2007, remanded without bail before being sentenced to 5 years in prison in early 2008), Venero "Benny Eggs" Mangano (*underboss*) (released from prison December, 2006 after serving 15 years), Dominick "Quiet Dom" Cirillo (*consigliere*) (Sentenced to 46 months on March 3, 2006), Lawrence "Little Larry" Dentico (*acting consigliere*) (promoted prior to coping a plea and being sentenced to ​4 1⁄2 years in early 2006)
* 2007–present – Paul "Paulie Stripes" DiMarco (alleged *acting boss*, next in line coming from the midwest?), Venero "Benny Eggs" Mangano (*underboss*), Dominick "Quiet Dom" Cirillo (*consigliere*?)
# Carleton University

**Carleton University** (previously Carleton College) is a public university in Ottawa, Canada. It started as a private evening college for veterans who were returning from World War II.

## Other websites

* Official website
# Rutgers University

**Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey** (also known as **Rutgers University**), is the largest institution for higher education in the state of New Jersey. It was originally chartered as *Queen's College* in 1766 and is the eighth-oldest college in the United States.

## Scooters

Rental dockless e-scooters are available on Rutgers campus. Notably, Rutgers professor Juan A. Ayala is notable for doing wheelies on these scooters.

## Ranking

Rutgers was designated The State University of New Jersey by acts of the New Jersey Legislature in 1945 and 1956. The campuses of Rutgers are in New Brunswick, Piscataway, Newark and Camden. Rutgers is the largest university within New Jersey's state university system, and it was ranked 46th in the world academically in a 2006 survey conducted by the Institute of Higher Education at Shanghai Jiao Tong University. The university offers more than 100 distinct bachelor, 100 master, and 80 doctoral and professional degree programs across 175 academic departments, 29 degree-granting schools and colleges, 16 of which offer graduate programs of study.
# Swimming

A baby swimmer
A father accustoms his baby to the swimming pool
Brainerd Boys Swimming And Diving Beats Bemidji
**Swimming** is the movement of the body through water using arms and legs. People can swim in the sea, swimming pools, rivers and lakes. People swim for exercise, for fun, and as a sport. There are several styles of swimming, known as "strokes", including: *front crawl*, *breaststroke*, *freestyle*, *butterfly*, and *backstroke*.

Swimming works all the muscles simultaneously. It is impact free. It also builds up stamina.

## Styles of swimming

There are several styles in swimming. Some of them are:

* Front crawl: Fastest and most efficient technique; also called freestyle, because swimmers use it in freestyle events.
* Backstroke: Only stroke that is swum on the back with the swimmer looking up; uses the same leg movements (flutter kick) as crawl.
* Breaststroke: One of the easiest and most relaxing strokes; competitive swimmers find it difficult because it uses more energy when swum at a fast pace.
* Butterfly: Powerful and fast; relies on good technique; uses the dolphin kick; the hardest and least popular stroke.

## Competitive swimming

The goal of competitive swimming is to improve speed, and to beat other competitors in events. An athlete goes through several stages of training. At the beginning, the body is overloaded with work. The workload becomes less closer to the date of the competition. This final stage is often referred to as "shave and taper"; the swimmer tapering downs his or her workload to be able to perform at their optimal level. At the end of this stage, before competition, the swimmer shaves off all exposed hair and dead skin. Often confused within shaving, swimmers shave to rid the skin of dead skin cells to expose sensitive skin to the water. The effect of shaving is a decrease in drag from hair and an increase in the sensation of "feeling" the water.

## Equipment

Sometimes equipment is used when swimming, and can include:

* Fins: rubber or plastic and are worn on the foot.
* Kickboard: keeps the upper body afloat; allows the swimmer to concentrate on kicking correctly
* Pull buoy: foam float that swimmers hold between their thighs to keep the lower body high and flat; helps to learn the arm and upper body movements
* Swimming Suits: These are made from a special fabric and used in swimming

## Related pages

* Aquatic locomotion deals with animals swimming.
# Cracker

Crackers with herring and garlic sauce.
A **cracker** is a thin and crispy piece of baked bread. Crackers can be eaten by themselves, but they can also be eaten with things on them called toppings. Common toppings include cheese, peanut butter, and sliced meats. Crackers are most often eaten as a snack, or crumbled into soup.

## History

In 1792, Theodore Pearson of Newburyport, Massachusetts, made a cracker-like bread that was made from only water and flour which he called "Pearson's Pilot Bread." This was the first cracker bakery in the United States, and made crackers for more than a century.
# Recreation

**Recreation** or **fun** is a person's time of refreshing his or her body and mind.

There are many different forms of recreation which are shaped by individual interests and by environment; a few examples being reading, playing or listening to music, watching movies or TV, gardening, hunting, hobbies, sports, studies, and travel. These activities are just some of a wide variety of recreation activity available in day-to-day life.

Public places such as parks and beaches are very important for many recreational activities. Tourism profession has recognized long ago that many of their clients are specifically attracted by recreational offerings.

## Related pages

* Leisure
* Sport

## Other websites

* National Recreation and Park website
# Funeral home

A **funeral home** is a place that helps take care of people who have died. Usually people go there for funerals.

There are certain common types of services in North America. A traditional funeral service consists of a viewing (sometimes referred to as a visitation), a funeral service in a place of worship or the funeral home chapel and a graveside committal service.
# Sargon of Akkad

Stone carving depiction of Sargon
**Sargon of Akkad**, also known as **Sargon the Great**, was the ruler of the Akkadian Empire. He was one of the first people in recorded history to create an empire.

## Identity

Sargon of Akkad may have been the same person as the first Sargon of Assyria (also known as Sharrukin or Sharru-kin). Sargon's empire would probably have included Assyria. He is listed in the Assyrian king list as the son of Ikunum and the founder of a dynasty. He became a prominent member of the royal court of Kish, ultimately overthrowing its king before embarking on the conquest of Mesopotamia.

## The Empire

Sargon's vast empire is known to have extended from Elam to the Mediterranean Sea, including Mesopotamia, parts of modern-day Iran and Syria, and possibly parts of Anatolia and the Arabian peninsula. He ruled from a new capital, Akkad, which the Sumerian king list claims he built on the left bank of the Euphrates. He is sometimes regarded as the first person in recorded history to create a multiethnic, centrally ruled empire, although the Sumerians Lugal-anne-mundu and Lugal-zage-si also have a claim. His dynasty controlled Mesopotamia for around a century and a half.

Sargon allowed the people of the lands he conquered to retain their local rulers and customs. They had to obey him, however, and pay a protection tax known as a tribute. Sargon's policy contributed to the preservation of peace and the loyalty of people throughout his empire.

### Akkadian language

The Akkadian language was made the official language of international discourse. During Sargon's reign, Akkadian was standardized and adapted for use with the cuneiform script, which was previously used for the Sumerian language. A style of calligraphy developed in which text on clay tablets and cylinder seals was arranged amidst scenes of mythology and ritual.
# Dorothy Gale

| Dorothy Gale |
| --- |
| *Oz* character |
|  |
| First appearance | The Wonderful Wizard of Oz |
| Created by | L. Frank Baum |
| Portrayed by | Judy Garland |
| Information |
| Species | Human |
| Gender | Female |
| Nationality | American |

**Dorothy Gale** is a fictional character created by L. Frank Baum for his book The Wonderful Wizard of Oz and is the protagonist. She also appears many times in later books of the series.

## Portrayals

* *The Wizard of Oz* (1902 stage musical): Anna Laughlin
* *The Fairylogue and Radio-Plays* (1908): Romola Remus
* *The Wonderful Wizard Of Oz* (1910): Bebe Daniels
* *His Majesty, the Scarecrow of Oz* (1914): Violet MacMillan
* *Wizard of Oz* (1925): Dorothy Dwan
* *The Wizard Of Oz* (1939): Judy Garland
* *Rainbow Road to Oz* (1957): Darlene Gillespie
* *Tales of the Wizard of Oz* (1961): Corinne Conley
* *Return to Oz* (1964): Susan Conway (speaking voice), Susan Morse (singing voice)
* *Journey Back to Oz* (1972): Liza Minnelli (voice)
* *Oz* (1976): Joy Dunstan
* *The Wiz* (1975): Stephanie Mills
* *The Wiz* (1978): Diana Ross
* *Return to Oz* (1985): Fairuza Balk
* *Dorothy Meets Ozma of Oz* (1987): Janice Hiromi Kawaye
* *The Wizard of A.I.D.S.* (1988): Martha Murphy
* *The Wonderful Galaxy of Oz* (1990): Mariko Kouda
* *The Dreamer of Oz: The L. Frank Baum Story* (1990): Courtney Barilla (as Dorothy Gage and Dorothy Gale)
* *The Wizard of Oz* (1991): Liz Georges (voice)
* *The Wizard of Oz*: Denise Van Outen British TV version.
* *The Wizard of Oz in Concert: Dreams Come True* (1995): Jewel
* *The Oz Kids* animated series (1996-1997): Erika Schickel
* *The Wizard of Oz* (2001 stage show): Nikki Webster
* *The Muppets' Wizard of Oz* (2005): Ashanti
* *The Wonderful Wizard of Ha's* (2007): Lisa Vischer as Junior Asparagus as Darby (replacing Dorothy)
* *Tin Man (TV miniseries)* (2007): Zooey Deschanel as DG; Rachel Pattee & Alexis Llewellyn as Young DG; Grace Wheeler as the Grey Gale
* *The Wizard of Oz (2011 musical)*: Danielle Hope and later Sophie Evans 2012 Toronto production Danielle Wade
* *The Witches of Oz* (2011): Paulie Redding
* *Dorothy and the Witches of Oz*: Paulie Rojas
* *Tom and Jerry and the Wizard of Oz*: Grey DeLisle
* *After the Wizard*: Jordan Van Vranken as "Elizabeth Haskins"
* *Supernatural (US TV series)*: Tiio Horn as "Dorothy" (Episode: Slumber Party)
* *Legends of Oz: Dorothy's Return*: Lea Michele
* *The Wiz Live!*: Shanice Williams
* *Dorothy Must Die* (2014 book): Danielle Paige
* *Lego Dimensions*: Laura Bailey
* *Tom and Jerry: Back to Oz*: Grey DeLisle
* *Emerald City*: Adria Arjona
* *Dorothy and the Wizard of Oz*: Kari Wahlgren
* *Lost in Oz*: Ashley Boettcher
* *The Lego Movie 2: The Second Part*: Maya Rudolph
* *Red Shoes and the Seven Dwarfs*: Katie DiCicco
# National Education Association

The **National Education Association** (**NEA**) is the largest labor union in the United States. It represents public school teachers and other support personnel, faculty and staffers at colleges and universities, retired educators, and college students preparing to become teachers. The NEA has 2.8 million members and is headquartered in Washington, D.C. The NEA had a budget of $399 million in 2023. Becky Pringle is the NEA's current president.