Rikunarita-ORG/Wikinium huggingface dataset:
# Joni Ernst

| Joni Ernst |
| --- |
|  |
|  |
| Vice Chair of the Senate Republican Conference |
| **Incumbent** |
| **Assumed office**  January 3, 2019 |
| Leader | Mitch McConnell |
| Preceded by | Roy Blunt |
| United States Senator from Iowa |
| **Incumbent** |
| **Assumed office**  January 3, 2015Serving with Chuck Grassley |
| Preceded by | Tom Harkin |
| Member of the Iowa Senate from the 12th district |
| **In office** January 5, 2011 – November 28, 2014 |
| Preceded by | Kim Reynolds |
| Succeeded by | Mark Costello |
| Auditor of Montgomery County |
| **In office** 2005–2011 |
| Preceded by | Connie Magneson |
| Succeeded by | Ted Schoonover |
|  |
| Personal details |
| Born | Joni Kay Culver  (1970-07-01) July 1, 1970 Red Oak, Iowa, U.S. |
| Political party | Republican |
| Spouse(s) |
Gail Ernst
​ ​(m. 1992; div. 2019)​ |
| Children | 1 |
| Education | Iowa State University (BA) Columbus State University (MPA) |
| Website | Senate website |
| Military service |
| Allegiance |  United States |
| Branch/service |  United States Army  Iowa Army National Guard |
| Years of service | 1993–2015 |
| Rank |  Lieutenant Colonel |
| Unit | 185th Combat Sustainment Support Battalion |
| Battles/wars | Iraq War |

**Joni Kay Ernst** (née **Culver**; born July 1, 1970) is an American politician. She has been Iowa's U.S. Senator since 2015. She is a Republican. Prior to being a U.S. Senator, she was an Iowa state senator.

On November 4, 2014, she was elected to the United States Senate. Ernst is the first woman to represent Iowa in the United States Congress.

Ernst was born in Red Oak, Iowa.
# Robert M. La Follette

| Robert M. La Follette |
| --- |
|  |
|  |
| United States Senator from Wisconsin |
| **In office** January 2, 1906 – June 18, 1925 |
| Preceded by | Joseph V. Quarles |
| Succeeded by | Robert M. La Follette, Jr. |
| 20th Governor of Wisconsin |
| **In office** January 7, 1901 – January 1, 1906 |
| Lieutenant | Jesse Stone (1901–1902) |
| Preceded by | Edward Scofield |
| Succeeded by | James O. Davidson |
| Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Wisconsin's 3rd district |
| **In office** March 4, 1885 – March 4, 1891 |
| Preceded by | Burr W. Jones |
| Succeeded by | Allen R. Bushnell |
|  |
| Personal details |
| Born | Robert Marion La Follette (1855-06-14)June 14, 1855 Primrose, Wisconsin |
| Died | June 18, 1925(1925-06-18) (aged 70) Washington, D.C. |
| Political party | Republican Progressive |
| Spouse(s) | Belle Case La Follette (1881-1925) |
| Children | Fola La Follette, Robert M. La Follette, Jr., Philip La Follette, Mary La Follette |
| Alma mater | University of Wisconsin–Madison |
| Signature |  |

**Robert Marion "Fighting Bob" La Follette, Sr.** (June 14, 1855 – June 18, 1925) was an American Republican. He was a U.S. senator from Wisconsin from January 2, 1906 to his death. He ran for president in 1924 but lost. If La Follette had won, he would have been the seventh president to die in office. He is thought to be one of the greatest senators in American history.

La Follette was born on June 14, 1855 in Primrose, Wisconsin. He was of English-Scottish-French descent abd studied at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. La Follette was married to Belle Case Le Follette from 1881 to his death. They had four children.

La Follette diedin Washington, D.C., from a heart disease, aged 70.

## Other websites

* Robert M. La Follette, Sr. Grave
* Free Speech and the Right of Congress to Declare the Objects of the War Archived 2009-02-06 at the Wayback Machine
* Statement of Robert La Follette, Sr. on Communist Participation in the Progressive Movement, 26 May 1924
# Paris Peace Conference (1919–1920)

The **Paris Peace Conference** was the formal meeting in 1919 and 1920 of the victorious Allies after the end of World War I to set the peace terms for the defeated Central Powers.
# Wilson (movie)

Wilson is a 1944 American biographical drama movie directed by Henry King and starring Alexander Knox, Charles Coburn, Geraldine Fitzgerald, Thomas Mitchell, Ruth Nelson, Cedric Hardwicke, Vincent Price, Francis X. Bushman. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox and was nominated for 10 Oscars and won 5 Academy Awards in 1945.

## Other websites

* *Wilson* on IMDb
* *Wilson* at AllMovie
* *Wilson* at the TCM Movie Database
# American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009

**The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009**, most commonly referred to as the **stimulus bill** or **stimulus package**, was a spending bill passed by the U.S. Congress in 2009. It was one of the early things Barack Obama did as president. Despite Obama trying to get Republicans as well as Democrats to vote for the bill, only three did. The bill did several things:

* It gave more money to unemployed people (people with no jobs) for longer.
* It cut taxes for workers, students, and the middle class
* It gave more money to Medicaid
* It gave money to improve roads and bridges in the U.S.
* It gave millions of dollars to various government agencies, including the National Endowment for the Arts

It has taken awhile for the stimulus money to be used. President Joe Biden is one of the people in charge of making sure the money is used right.
# Tax Relief, Unemployment Insurance Reauthorization, and Job Creation Act of 2010

The **Tax Relief, Unemployment Insurance Reauthorization, and Job Creation Act of 2010** was passed by the United States Congress on December 16, 2010 and signed into law by President Barack Obama on December 17, 2010. It helped cut taxes and create more jobs for the United States.
# Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act

The **Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act** (**IIJA**), also known as the **Bipartisan Infrastructure Bill**, and originally in the House as the **INVEST in America Act** (H.R. 3684), is a United States federal statute passed by the 117th United States Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden on November 15, 2021.

The act was a $715 billion infrastructure package that would have given money to a federal-aid highway, transit, highway safety, motor carrier, research, hazardous materials and rail programs of the Department of Transportation. It also focused on funding for broadband access, clean water, electric grid renewal which was $1.2 trillion in spending.

The bill was passed 69–30 by the Senate on August 10, 2021. On November 5, it was passed 228–206 by the House, and ten days later was signed into law by President Biden.
# United States District Court for the District of New Hampshire

| United States District Court for the District of New Hampshire |
| --- |
| (D.N.H.) |
|  |
|  |
| Location | ConcordExpand*More locations** Littleton
 |
| Appeals to | First Circuit |
| Established | September 24, 1789 |
| Judges | 3 |
| Chief Judge | Landya B. McCafferty |
| Officers of the court |
| U.S. Attorney | John J. Farley |
| U.S. Marshal | Nick Willard |
| www.nhd.uscourts.gov |

The **United States District Court for the District of New Hampshire** (in case citations, **D.N.H.**) is the Federal district court in the state of New Hampshire. The Warren B. Rudman U.S. Courthouse for the New Hampshire district is in Concord.

## Other websites

* United States District Court for the District of New Hampshire
* United States Attorney for the District of New Hampshire
* United States Probation and Pretrial Services of New Hampshire
# United States District Court for the District of South Carolina

The **United States District Court for the District of South Carolina** (in case citations, **D.S.C.**) is the federal district court. They cover the state of South Carolina.

Court is held in the cities of Aiken, Anderson, Beaufort, Charleston, Columbia, Florence, Greenville, and Spartanburg.

## Other websites

* United States District Court for the District of South Carolina Official Website
* United States Attorney for the District of South Carolina Official Website
# United States Supreme Court building

The front of the United States Supreme Court building
The **Supreme Court building** is home of the Supreme Court of the United States. It is in Washington, D.C. It was designed in the neoclassical style by an architect named Cass Gilbert.
# William Pitt the Younger

| The Right Honourable William Pitt |
| --- |
|  |
|  |
| Prime Minister of the United Kingdom |
| **In office** 10 May 1804 – 23 January 1806 |
| Monarch | George III |
| Preceded by | Henry Addington |
| Succeeded by | The Lord Grenville |
| **In office** 1 January 1801 – 14 March 1801 |
| Monarch | George III |
| Preceded by | Himself (as Prime Minister of Great Britain) |
| Succeeded by | Henry Addington |
| Prime Minister of Great Britain |
| **In office** 19 December 1783 – 1 January 1801 |
| Monarch | George III |
| Preceded by | The Duke of Portland |
| Succeeded by | Himself (as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom) |
| Chancellor of the Exchequer |
| **In office** 10 May 1804 – 23 January 1806 |
| Preceded by | Henry Addington |
| Succeeded by | Lord Henry Petty |
| **In office** 19 December 1783 – 1 January 1801 |
| Preceded by | Lord John Cavendish |
| Succeeded by | Henry Addington |
| **In office** 10 July 1782 – 31 March 1783 |
| Preceded by | Lord John Cavendish |
| Succeeded by | Lord John Cavendish |
|  |
| Personal details |
| Born | (1759-05-28)28 May 1759 Hayes, Kent, England |
| Died | 23 January 1806(1806-01-23) (aged 46) Putney, Surrey, England |
| Resting place | Westminster Abbey |
| Nationality | British |
| Political party | Tory |
| Parents | William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham Hester Grenville |
| Alma mater | Pembroke College, Cambridge |
| Signature |  |

**William Pitt the Younger** (28 May 1759 – 23 January 1806) was a British politician of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries.

He was Chancellor of the Exchequer from 1782–1783, 1783–1801 and 1804–1806. He was prime minister of the United Kingdom from 1783 to 1801, and again from 1804 until his death. He is known as "William Pitt the Younger" to distinguish him from his father, William Pitt the Elder, who also served as prime minster.

He became the youngest prime minister in 1783 at the age of 24. During his time as prime minister, the kingdom of Ireland joined with Great Britain and both kingdoms became the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland on 1 January 1801. Pitt continued to be prime minister in the new Parliament of the United Kingdom.

**Notes**

## Other websites

* 1791 Caricature of William Pitt by James Gillray
# European Economic Community

The **European Economic Community** was the predecessor of the European Union. It existed from 1957 to 1992, when the Treaty of Maastricht led to more cooperation between the countries of the European Union. France and Germany for the first time came together to revive their economy and maintain peace in the continent.
# John E. Sununu

| John E. Sununu |
| --- |
|  |
|  |
| United States Senator from New Hampshire |
| **In office** January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2009 |
| Preceded by | Bob Smith |
| Succeeded by | Jeanne Shaheen |
| Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from New Hampshire's 1st district |
| **In office** January 3, 1997 – January 3, 2003 |
| Preceded by | William H. Zeliff |
| Succeeded by | Jeb Bradley |
|  |
| Personal details |
| Born |  (1964-09-10) September 10, 1964 Boston, Massachusetts |
| Political party | Republican |
| Spouse(s) | Kitty Sununu |
| Children | John Sununu Grace Sununu Charlotte Sununu |
| Residence | Rye Beach, New Hampshire |
| Alma mater | Massachusetts Institute of Technology Harvard Business School |
| Profession | engineer, technology executive |

**John E. Sununu** (born September 10, 1964) is a former United States Senator from New Hampshire and a member of the Republican Party. He was in the United States House of Representatives from 1997 to 2003. Sununu served in the United States Senate from January 3, 2003, to January 3, 2009.

In October 2025, Sununu announced that he would run for the U.S. Senate again in the 2026 election to replace retiring Democratic Senator Jeanne Shaheen.

Sununu was born on September 10, 1964 in Boston, Massachusetts to former Governor of New Hampshire John H. Sununu. He studied at Massachusetts Institute of Technology and at Harvard Business School. He is married to Kitty Sununu. They have three children. His brother, Chris Sununu is the former Governor of New Hampshire.

## Other websites

 Media related to John E. Sununu at Wikimedia Commons
# Laura Ingraham

| Laura Ingraham |
| --- |
| Ingraham in 2022 |
| Born | Laura Anne Ingraham  (1963-06-19) June 19, 1963 Glastonbury, Connecticut, U.S. |
| Education | Dartmouth College (BA) University of Virginia (JD) |
| Occupations | * Television presenter
* author
 |
| Political party | Republican |
| Children | 3 |
| Website | lauraingraham.com |

**Laura Anne Ingraham** (born 19 June 1963) is an American conservative political commentator, author and radio host. Her nationally syndicated talk show *The Laura Ingraham Show* was broadcast for nine years on the Talk Radio Network. She has been known for her controversial statements against the left wing party.

## Personal life

Ingraham is a converted Roman Catholic, after attending a Baptist church until the age of twelve. She studied Spanish and Russian.

Ingraham has dated George Conway and Dinesh D'Souza, fellow conservatives.

In April 2005, Ingraham announced that she had undergone treatment for breast cancer.

She is a single parent of three children: a girl, Maria, from Guatemala adopted in 2008; a boy, Michael Dmitri, from Russia adopted in 2009; and a second boy, Nikolai Peter, adopted from Russia in 2011.
# Hudson Institute

Hudson Institute|  |
| Founder(s) | Herman Kahn |
| Type | Think tank |
| Founded | 1961 |
| Headquarters | 1015 Fifteenth Street, NW Washington, D.C., United States |
| Origins | RAND Corporation |
| Area served | United States of America |
| Revenue | $10,000,000+ |
| Employees | 60 |
| Website | www.hudson.org |

The **Hudson Institute** is an American neoconservative non-profit think tank based in Washington D.C.

It was founded in 1961 in Croton-on-Hudson, New York, by futurist Herman Kahn and his colleagues at the RAND Corporation.

The Institute is committed to innovative research and analysis that promotes "global security, prosperity and freedom."
# Commentary

Jim Ross & Todd Grisham
A **commentary** often means some sort of voice that will explain what is going on while a program is playing. Commentary is most often used in sports. Some famous commentators are Jim Ross, Larry Merchant, Jesse Ventura, Navjot Singh Sidhu , VKSravan Gamer,and Gorilla Monsoon.

A commentary can mean comments, spoken or written, which help people understand a book, play or work of art.

VKSravan University

VKSravan Max

VKSravan Gamer Vivek Kumar Saw
# Tablet (magazine)

*Tablet*|  |
| Editor | Alana Newhouse |
| Publisher | Nextbook |
| First issue | June 2009 (2009-06) |
| Language | English |
| Website | www.tabletmag.com |
| ISSN | 1551-2940 |

Tablet is a conservative online magazine focused on Jewish news and culture. The magazine was founded in 2009 and is supported by the Nextbook foundation. Its editor-in-chief is Alana Newhouse.

## History

*Tablet* was founded in June 2009 by Alana Newhouse, former culture editor at *The Forward*, with the support of the Nextbook foundation as a redeveloped and news-focused version of the Jewish literary journal *Nextbook.* In the 3 years after its founding, *New York Magazine* described Tablet as a "must-read for young politically and culturally engaged Jews. Its reporting has largely focused on Jewish news and culture.

### Notable interviews

* Walter Abish
* Mike Stoller
* Seymour Stein
* Naomi Alderman
* Shimon Peres
* Adina Bar-Shalom

## Awards

*Tablet* has received two National Magazine Awards. The magazine won a Rockower Award in 2013 and another in 2022.
# Independent Journal Review

The Independent Journal Review is a conservative American news and opinion website. It is based in Alexandria, Virginia. It was founded in 2012 by Alex Skatell.
# PragerU

PragerU|  |
| Formation | 2011 |
| Founders | Dennis Prager Allen Estrin |
| Website | www.prageru.com |

**PragerU**, short for **Prager University**, is a website that promotes Conservatism using short educational videos. However, it is not a University and doesn’t claim to be one. Dennis Prager and Allen Estrin started this website in 2009. Prager appears in some of the videos himself. PragerU is suing YouTube for restricting 99 of its videos. PragerU has already lost several lawsuits against YouTube.

## Other websites

* Official website
* PragerU on YouTube
# Concerned Women for America

**Concerned Women for America** is a conservative Christian activist group in the United States. It is against abortion, sex education, contraception, feminism, pornography, stem cell research, and LGBT rights. CWA was founded by Beverly LaHaye, the wife of Christian minister Timothy LaHaye around 1979 as a response to activities from the National Organization for Women and a 1978 Barbara Walters interview with the feminist Betty Friedan. The president and CEO is Penny Young Nance.
# Moral Majority

The **Moral Majority** was a political organization in the United States. It was made by Jerry Falwell. It tried to get conservative Christian views into laws by lobbying. It was one of the major organizations of the religious right. It was started in 1979, in response to *Roe v. Wade* and other events known as the "culture wars". It broke up in the late 1980s. It had four branches:

* Moral Majority, Inc. – the lobbying division
* Moral Majority Foundation – educated people on political issues
* Moral Majority Legal Defense Fund – fought against people in court
* Moral Majority Political Action Committee – supported candidates with their views

It broke up during Ronald Reagan's presidency because people did not think that the matter was so urgent. Other Christians also opposed it, as well as many liberal people.
# Right-wing politics

**Right-wing politics** is a kind of politics that supports social or economic conservatism.

## Beliefs

Someone who is "right-wing" usually supports tradition and keeping things the way that they already are. The right-wing supports tradition and authority. The right-wing in some countries, like the United States, often supports social conservatism and a capitalist economy where the government has little influence. Usually the right-wing thinks of society as similar to a living thing, what is called "organic society". They believe that society's customs and traditions are a collection of things that we have learned from the past and are useful and should be maintained as much as possible.

## Types

People who are very right-wing are called "reactionary", and want to either return to the way things were before, such as neoreaction, or more often start as a reaction against left-wing ideas which are spreading in a country or two.

## Famous right-wing politicians

* Silvio Berlusconi
* Boris Johnson
* Giorgia Meloni
* Benjamin Netanyahu
* Ronald Reagan
* Margaret Thatcher
* Donald Trump
* Janez Janša
* Jair Bolsonaro
* Rishi Sunak
* Narendra Modi

## Related pages

* Centrism
* Fascism
* Left-wing politics
* Nationalism
* Neoconservatism
* Paleoconservatism
# Silver Spring, Maryland

**Silver Spring** is a community in the U.S. state of Maryland. It is a suburb of Washington, DC. It is the fifth biggest place in Maryland by population. Its population in 2020 was 81,015. Francis Preston Blair founded Silver Spring in 1840.

## Media

* Silver Spring Stations
* Discovery Communications Building, (now Closed in 2019, and Demolition in 2020s)
# Jeff Flake

| Jeff Flake |
| --- |
|  |
|  |
| United States Ambassador to Turkey |
| **In office** January 26, 2022 – September 1, 2024 |
| President | Joe Biden |
| Preceded by | David M. Satterfield |
| Succeeded by | Tom Barrack |
| United States Senator from Arizona |
| **In office** January 3, 2013 – January 3, 2019 |
| Preceded by | Jon Kyl |
| Succeeded by | Kyrsten Sinema |
| Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Arizona |
| **In office** January 3, 2001 – January 3, 2013 |
| Preceded by | Matt Salmon |
| Succeeded by | Matt Salmon (redistricting) |
| Constituency | 1st district (2001–2003) 6th district (2003–2013) |
|  |
| Personal details |
| Born | Jeffry Lane Flake  (1962-12-31) December 31, 1962 Snowflake, Arizona, U.S. |
| Political party | Republican |
| Spouse(s) |
Cheryl Bae ​(m. 1985)​ |
| Children | 5 |
| Relatives | Jake Flake (uncle) William J. Flake (great-great-grandfather) |
| Education | Brigham Young University (BA, MA) |
|

Jeff Flake's voice

Flake's opening statement at his confirmation hearing to be United States ambassador to Turkey Recorded September 28, 2021
 |

**Jeffry Lane Flake** (born December 31, 1962) is an American politician. Flake was the United States Ambassador to Turkey from 2022 to 2024. He was the United States Senator from Arizona. He is a member of the U.S. Republican Party. He was in the Senate from January 3, 2013 to January 3, 2019. He was in the United States House of Representatives from 2001 to 2013.

Flake was born on December 31, 1962 in Snowflake, Arizona. He graduated from the Brigham Young University. He is married to Cheryl. They have five children.

After criticizing President Donald Trump and with low approval ratings, Flake announced on October 24, 2017, that he would retire at the end of his current term instead of seeking reelection in 2018.

In July 2021, President Joe Biden nominated Flake to serve as the United States Ambassador to Turkey. Flake was confirmed by the Senate by voice vote on October 26, 2021. He resigned in September 2024.

In September 2024, Flake announced that he would be endorsing to Vice President Kamala Harris for president in 2024.

## Other websites

 Media related to Jeff Flake at Wikimedia Commons
# AT&T

AT&T Inc.| AT&T’s logo since 2015 |
| Whitacre Tower, AT&T’s corporate headquarters in Dallas |
| Formerly | * Southwestern Bell Corporation (1983-1995)
* SBC Communications Inc. (1995-2005)
 |
| Company type | Public |
| Traded as | * NYSE: T
* S&P 500 Component
 |
| Industry | Telecommunications |
| Predecessor | American Telephone and Telegraph Company |
| Founded | October 5, 1983 (1983-10-05) |
| Headquarters | Whitacre Tower, Dallas, Texas, U.S. |
| Key people | Randall Stephenson (Chairman & CEO) |
| Products | * Fixed line
* mobile telephony
* broadband
* fixed-line internet services
* digital television

 Nanocubes |
| Revenue | US$128.752 billion (2013) |
| Operating income | US$30.479 billion (2013) |
| Net income | US$18.249 billion (2013) |
| Total assets | US$277.787 billion (2013) |
| Total equity | US$90.988 billion (2013) |
| Number of employees | 246,740 (2013) |
| Subsidiaries | * AT&T Corporation
* AT&T Mobility
* BellSouth
* Southwestern Bell
* AT&T Teleholdings
* Cricket Wireless
 |
| Website | att.com |

**AT&T Inc.** (used to be called **American Telegraph & Telephone**) is the largest provider of both local and long distance fixed telephone services and Internet access in the United States with 71.4 million customers. It is the second largest wireless service provider in the country.

AT&T has been publicly traded on the New York Stock Exchange since 1984. It was one of the 30 companies that made up the Dow Jones Industrial Average until 2013, when it was replaced by Apple Inc.

On April 8, 2022, the spinoff of WarnerMedia and its subsequent merger with Discovery, Inc. to form Warner Bros. Discovery was completed. As a result of this merger, HBO Max and other video services were dropped from AT&T's unlimited plan offering.

In March 2024, AT&T confirmed the 2021 leak of contact information of over 7.6 million current users, as well as 65 million former ones. The leaked records may contain "full name, email address, mailing address, phone number, social security number, date of birth, AT&T account number and passcode". A few months later, it closed it's AT&T Corporation division.

## Other websites

* Official website