# June 25

**June 25** is the 176th day of the year (177th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 189 days remaining until the end of the year.

## Events

### Up to 1900

* 253 – Pope Cornelius is executed by beheading.
* 524 – The Franks are defeated by the Burgundians in the Battle of Vezeronce.
* 841 – Battle of Fontenay: Forces lead by Charles the Bald and Louis the German defeat the armies of Lothair I of Italy and Pepin II of Aquitaine.
* 1530 – At the Diet of Augsburg, the Augsburg Confession is presented to the Holy Roman Emperor by the Lutheran princes and electors of Germany.
* 1658 – Spanish forces fail to retake Jamaica at the Battle of Rio Nuevo during the Anglo-Spanish War.
* 1678 – Venetian Elena Cornaro Piscopia becomes the first woman to get a Doctorate of Philosophy, graduating from the University of Padua.
* 1741 – Maria Theresa of Austria is crowned Queen of Hungary.
* 1786 – Gavriil Pribylov discovers Saint George Island in the Pribilof Islands (now belonging to Alaska, US) in the Bering Sea.
* 1788 – Virginia ratifies the United States Constitution and is admitted as the 10th state of the United States.
* 1876 – Battle of the Little Big Horn and the death of Colonel George Armstrong Custer.
* 1888 – Fire destroys Sundsvall, Sweden.
* 1900 – Daoist monk Wang Yuanlu discovers the Dunhuang manuscripts, a cache of ancient texts of great historical significance, in the Magao Caves at Dunhuang, China.

### 1901 – 2000

* 1903 – Marie Curie announces the discovery of radium.
* 1910 – Igor Stravinsky's ballet "The Firebird" is first performed in Paris.
* 1935 – Colombia and the Soviet Union establish diplomatic relations.
* 1938 – Dr. Douglas Hyde is elected the first President of Ireland.
* 1940 – World War II: France officially surrenders to Germany.
* 1943 – The Holocaust: Jews in the Czestochowa Ghetto in Poland stage an uprising against the Nazis.
* 1944 – World War II: The Nordic countries' biggest battle of the war, of Tali-Ihantala, begins.
* 1945 – Seán T. O'Kelly is elected the second President of Ireland.
* 1947 – The Diary of a Young Girl (Diary of Anne Frank) is first published.
* 1948 – The Berlin airlift begins.
* 1949 – "Long-Haired Hare", starring Bugs Bunny, is released in theatres.
* 1950 – The beginning of the Korean War.
* 1953 – In the UK, the murderer John Christie is sentenced to death.
* 1959 – Éamon de Valera is elected the third President of Ireland.
* 1960 – Two cryptographers working on the US National Security Agency leave for vacation in Mexico, and from there they defect to the Soviet Union.
* 1967 – First global satellite television programme – "Our World".
* 1973 – Erskine Hamilton Childers is elected the fourth President of Ireland.
* 1975 – Mozambique gains independence from Portugal.
* 1975 – A State of Emergency is declared in India.
* 1976 – A magnitude 7.1 earthquake in New Guinea kills 422 people.
* 1978 – The Rainbow flag for Gay pride is flown for the first time in San Francisco.
* 1978 – Argentina wins the FIFA World Cup, beating the Netherlands 3–1 in extra time.
* 1981 – Microsoft is restructured to become an incorporated business in its home state of Washington.
* 1982 – A match-fixing scandal erupts after West Germany and Austria both qualify from the group stage of the 1982 FIFA World Cup in a very slow-paced match, at Algeria's expense.
* 1982 – Greece abolishes headshaving of the recruits in the military.
* 1988 – In West Germany, the Netherlands wins the UEFA European Championship, defeating the Soviet Union 2–0. In the game, Dutch striker Marco van Basten scores a goal that is widely considered to be the best in European Championship history.
* 1991 – Croatia and Slovenia declare their independence from Yugoslavia.
* 1993 – David Letterman airs his last episode of *Late Night with David Letterman*.
* 1993 – Kim Campbell is chosen as leader of the Progressive Conservative Party of Canada and becomes the first female Prime Minister of Canada.
* 1993 – Tansu Ciller becomes the first female Prime Minister of Turkey.
* 1993 – Vienna Declaration is adopted by World Conference on Human Rights.
* 1996 – Khobar Towers bombing leaves 19 U.S. servicemen dead in Saudi Arabia.
* 1997 – The Soufriere Hills volcano on Montserrat erupts, killing 19 people.
* 1997 – An unmanned Progress spacecraft collides with the Russian Space Station Mir.
* 1998 – Microsoft Windows 98 is released.
* 1998 – In *Clinton v. City of New York*, the United States Supreme Court decides that the Line Item Veto Act of 1996 is unconstitutional.
* 1999 – The American soap opera *Another World* airs its 8891st and final episode.

### From 2001

* 2001 – A typhoon strikes Fujian province of China, killing over 100 people.
* 2006 – Israeli soldier Gilad Shalit is kidnapped by Palestinian militants.
* 2007 – British soldiers leave Northern Ireland after 37 years.
* 2009 – Pop star Michael Jackson dies suddenly, aged 50, leading to a worldwide outpouring of grief.
* 2013 – Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani becomes the 8th Emir of Qatar.
* 2014 – An explosion in Abuja, Nigeria, kills over 20 people.

## Births

### Up to 1900

* 1242 – Beatrice of England, Duchess of Brittany (d. 1275)
* 1328 – William Montacute, 2nd Earl of Salisbury, English military leader (d. 1397)
* 1373 – Joanna II of Naples (d. 1435)
* 1560 – Wilhelm Fabry, German surgeon (d. 1634)
* 1568 – Gunilla Bielke, Queen of Sweden (d. 1597)
* 1612 – John Albert Vasa, Polish bishop (d. 1634)
* 1646 – Elena Lucrezia Cornaro Piscopia, Italian philosopher (d. 1684)
* 1715 – Jean-François Foulon, French politician (d. 1789)
* 1726 – Thomas Pennant, British naturalist (d. 1798)
* 1755 – Princess Natalia Alexeievna of Russia (d. 1776)
* 1768 – Lazare Hoche, French general (d. 1797)
* 1799 – David Douglas, Scottish botanist (d. 1834)
* 1821 – Bartolomé Mitre, President of Argentina (d. 1906)
* 1825 – James Farnell, Australian politician, 8th Premier of New South Wales (d. 1888)
* 1842 – Eloy Alfaro, 15th President of Ecuador (d. 1912)
* 1852 – Antoni Gaudí, Catalan architect (d. 1926)
* 1858 – Georges Courteline, French dramatist (d. 1929)
* 1860 – Gustave Charpentier, French composer (d. 1956)
* 1863 – Emile Francqui, Belgian soldier and diplomat (d. 1935)
* 1864 – Walther Nernst, German chemist and physicist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry (d. 1941)
* 1865 – Robert Henri, painter (d. 1929)
* 1870 – Yi Jun-yong, Korean Joseon Dynasty politician (d. 1917)
* 1884 – Daniel-Henry Kahnweiler, German art promoter (d. 1979)
* 1886 – Henry H. Arnold, American general (d. 1950)
* 1887 – Frigyes Karinthy, Hungarian writer and journalist (d. 1938)
* 1887 – George Abbott, American playwright, screenwriter, producer, director and actor (d. 1995)
* 1894 – Hermann Oberth, physicist (d. 1989)
* 1896 – Alfred Anderson, Scottish centenarian and World War I veteran (d. 2005)
* 1900 – Marta Abba, Italian actress (d. 1988)
* 1900 – Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma (d. 1979)

### 1901 – 1950

* 1902 – Prince Chichibu of Japan (d. 1953)
* 1903 – George Orwell, English writer (d. 1950)
* 1903 – Anne Revere, American actress (d. 1990)
* 1903 – Bob Skelton, American swimmer (d. 1977)
* 1904 – Vladimir Kokkinaki, Russian test pilot (d. 1985)
* 1905 – Rupert Wildt, German-American astronomer (d. 1976)
* 1907 – J. Hans D. Jensen, German physicist (d. 1973)
* 1908 – Willard Van Orman Quine, American philosopher (d. 2000)
* 1911 – William Howard Stein, American chemist (d. 1980)
* 1912 – William T. Cahill, American politician, 46th Governor of New Jersey (d. 1996)
* 1913 – Cyril Fletcher, British comedian (d. 2005)
* 1915 – Peter Lind Hayes, actor (d. 1998)
* 1917 – Nils Karlsson, Swedish cross-country skier (d. 2012)
* 1917 – Claude Seignolle, French author (d. 2018)
* 1921 – Heinrich Windelen, German politician (d. 2015)
* 1923 – Nicholas Mosley, British writer (d. 2017)
* 1923 – Sam Francis, American painter (d. 1994)
* 1924 – Sidney Lumet, American actor, director and producer (d. 2011)
* 1925 – June Lockhart, American actress
* 1925 – Robert Venturi, American architect (d. 2018)
* 1926 – Margaret Anstee, British diplomat (d. 2016)
* 1926 – Ingeborg Bachmann, writer (d. 1973)
* 1926 – Kep Enderby, Australian lawyer, judge and politician (d. 2015)
* 1927 – Antal Roka, Hungarian athlete (d. 1970)
* 1928 – Alexei Alexeyevich Abrikosov, Russian physicist (d. 2017)
* 1928 – Peyo, Belgian comic book artist (d. 1992)
* 1928 – Alex Toth, American cartoonist (d. 2006)
* 1929 – Eric Carle, American children's writer (d. 2021)
* 1929 – Francesco Marchisano, Italian cardinal (d. 2014)
* 1930 – George Murdock, American actor (d. 2012)
* 1931 – Mrunalini Devi Puar, Indian educator (d. 2015)
* 1931 – V. P. Singh, Prime Minister of India (d. 2008)
* 1932 – George Sluizer, Dutch filmmaker (d. 2014)
* 1932 – Peter Blake, British artist
* 1933 – James Meredith, American civil rights activist
* 1935 – Charles Sheffield, English mathematician, physicist and science fiction author (d. 2002)
* 1935 – Larry Kramer, American writer and activist
* 1936 – Bacharuddin Jusuf Habibie, 3rd President of Indonesia, 1998 – 1999
* 1937 – Obuchi Keizo, Prime Minister of Japan (d. 2000)
* 1940 – Denys Arcand, French-Canadian movie director, screenwriter and producer
* 1940 – Peer Augustinski, German actor (d. 2014)
* 1940 – Mary Beth Peil, American opera singer and actress
* 1942 – Michel Tremblay, Canadian playwright
* 1945 – Carly Simon, American singer-songwriter
* 1945 – Kevin McKenna, Irish politician (d. 2019)
* 1946 – Roméo Dallaire, Canadian senator
* 1946 – Ian McDonald, British musician
* 1949 – Brigitte Bierlein, Austrian jurist and Chancellor of Austria

### 1951 – 1975

* 1952 – Martin Gerschwitz, German singer-songwriter, musician and composer
* 1954 – Sonia Sotomayor, Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court
* 1954 – Mario Lessard, Canadian ice hockey player
* 1954 – David Paich, American singer-songwriter
* 1954 – Alison Leslie, British diplomat
* 1955 – Terry Chimes, musician
* 1956 – Boris Trajkovski, President of the Republic of Macedonia (d. 2004)
* 1956 – Anthony Bourdain, American chef and writer (d. 2018)
* 1957 – Greg Millen, Canadian ice hockey player
* 1959 – Jari Puikkonen, Finnish ski jumper
* 1960 – Aldo Serena, Italian footballer
* 1960 – Brian Hayward, Canadian ice hockey player
* 1961 – Ricky Gervais, British comedian and actor
* 1961 – Timur Bekmambetov, Kazakhstani producer and director
* 1962 – Phill Jupitus, British comedian and broadcaster
* 1963 – George Michael, British singer (d. 2016)
* 1963 – Yann Martel, Spanish-Canadian writer
* 1963 – Doug Gilmour, Canadian ice hockey player
* 1963 – John Benjamin Hickey, American actor
* 1964 – Johnny Herbert, British Formula One driver
* 1964 – Greg Raymer, American poker player
* 1966 – Richard Matt, American murderer and prison escapee (d. 2015)
* 1966 – Dikembe Mutombo, basketball player
* 1969 – Zim Sum, American guitarist
* 1970 – Lucy Benjamin, British actress
* 1971 – Neil Lennon, Northern Irish footballer
* 1971 – Scott Maslen, English actor
* 1971 – Jason Lewis, American actor
* 1972 – Carlos Delgado, Puerto Rican baseball player
* 1972 – Saif al-Islam Gaddafi, Libyan politician
* 1973 – Milan Hnilicka, Czech ice hockey player
* 1973 – Jamie Redknapp, English footballer
* 1973 – Sunetra Sarker, English actress
* 1974 – Karisma Kapoor, Indian actress
* 1975 – Derek Adams, Scottish footballer and coach
* 1975 – Linda Cardellini, American actress
* 1975 – Albert Costa, Spanish tennis player
* 1975 – Vladimir Kramnik, Russian chess player

### From 1976

* 1976 – José Cancela, Uruguayan footballer
* 1976 – Carlos Niesto, Argentine-Italian rugby player
* 1976 – Iestyn Harris, Welsh rugby player
* 1976 – Gavin Williamson, English politician
* 1977 – Lola Ponce, Argentine-born Italian singer, actress and model
* 1979 – Daniel Jensen, Danish footballer
* 1979 – La La, American actress and TV host
* 1981 – Simon Ammann, Swiss ski jumper
* 1981 – Sheridan Smith, English actress and singer
* 1981 – Pooja Umashankar, Indian actress
* 1982 – Mikhail Youzhny, Russian tennis player
* 1982 – Rain, Korean singer and actor
* 1982 – Cécile Cassel, French actress and singer
* 1983 – Marc Janko, Austrian footballer
* 1984 – Lauren Bush, American model and fashion designer
* 1985 – Scott Brown, Scottish footballer
* 1985 – Hanna Pérez Moza, Mexican singer (Ha\*Ash)
* 1985 – Karim Matmour, Algerian footballer
* 1986 – Gabriele Grunewald, American runner (d. 2019)
* 1986 – Aya Matsuura, Japanese singer
* 1986 – Charlie Davies, American soccer player
* 1987 – Claudio Corti, Italian motorcycle racer
* 1987 – Alissa Czisny, American figure skater
* 1988 – Jhonas Enroth, Swedish ice hockey player
* 1989 – Edgar Morais, Portuguese actor, director, producer and screenwriter
* 1989 – Rafael Morais, Portuguese actor, director and screenwriter
* 1991 – Kyousuke Hamao, Japanese actor, singer and model
* 1991 – Victor Wanyama, Kenyan footballer
* 1991 – Simone Zaza, Italian footballer
* 1993 – Barney Clark, English actor
* 1997 – Rodrigo Bentancur, Uruguayan footballer
* 2002 – Mason Vale Cotton, American actor

## Deaths

### Up to 1900

* 253 – Pope Cornelius
* 635 – Emperor Gaozu, 1st Emperor of the Tang Dynasty in China (b. 566)
* 1134 – King Niels of Denmark (b. 1034)
* 1218 – Simon de Montfort, 5th Earl of Leicester, Norman crusader (b. 1160)
* 1291 – Eleanor of Provence (b. 1223)
* 1533 – Mary Tudor, Queen of France (b. 1496)
* 1579 – Hatano Hideharu, Japanese daimyo and samurai (b. 1541)
* 1593 – Michele Mercati, Italian physician (b. 1541)
* 1634 – John Marston, English playwright (b. 1576)
* 1638 – Juan Pérez de Montalbán, Spanish writer (b. 1602)
* 1665 – Archduke Sigismund Francis of Austria, regent of Tyrol and Further Austria (b. 1630)
* 1671 – Giovanni Battista Riccioli, Italian astronomer (b. 1598)
* 1686 – Simon Ushakov, Russian painter (b. 1626)
* 1767 – Georg Philipp Telemann, German composer (b. 1681)
* 1792 – Thomas Peters, Sierra Leone founding father (b. 1738)
* 1822 – E.T.A. Hoffmann, German writer, composer, and painter (b. 1776)
* 1857 – Langdon Cheves, American politician (b. 1776)
* 1861 – Abd-ul-Mejid, Ottoman Sultan (b. 1823)
* 1864 – King William I of Württemberg (b. 1781)
* 1866 – Alexander von Nordmann, Finnish zoologist (b. 1803)
* 1868 – Carlo Matteucci, Italian physicist (b. 1811)
* 1876 – George Armstrong Custer, American army officer (b. 1839)
* 1876 – Thomas Custer, American army officer (b. 1845)
* 1876 – Boston Custer, American guide, forager, packer and scout (b. 1848)
* 1882 – François Jouffroy, French sculptor (b. 1806)
* 1884 – Hans Rott, composer (b. 1858)
* 1886 – Jean-Louis Beaudry, 11th Mayor of Montreal (b. 1809)
* 1889 – Lucy Webb Hayes, First Lady of the United States (b. 1831)
* 1898 – Ferdinand Julius Cohn, German botanist and microbiologist (b. 1828)

### 1901 – 2000

* 1906 – Stanford White, American architect (b. 1853)
* 1916 – Thomas Eakins, artist (b. 1844)
* 1922 – Satyendranath Dutta, Bengali poet (b. 1882)
* 1929 – Georges Courteline, French dramatist and novelist (b. 1858)
* 1932 – Howard Valentine, American track and field athlete (b. 1881)
* 1933 – Giovanni Giacometti, Swiss painter (b. 1868)
* 1937 – Colin Clive, British actor (b. 1900)
* 1939 – Dick Seaman, English racing driver (b. 1913)
* 1944 – Dénes Berinkey, 18th Prime Minister of Hungary (b. 1871)
* 1944 – Lucha Reyes, Mexican singer (b. 1906)
* 1948 – William C. Lee, U.S. general (b. 1895)
* 1949 – Buck Freeman, American baseball player (b. 1871)
* 1960 – Tommy Corcoran, American baseball player (b. 1869)
* 1971 – John Boyd Orr, 1st Baron Boyd-Orr, Scottish physician (b. 1880)
* 1974 – Cornelius Lanczos, Hungarian mathematician and physicist (b. 1893)
* 1976 – Johnny Mercer, American songwriter (b. 1909)
* 1977 – Bob Skelton, American swimmer (b. 1903)
* 1979 – Dave Fleischer, American animator, director and producer (b. 1894)
* 1983 – Alberto Ginastera, Argentine composer (b. 1916)
* 1983 – Oddbjorn Hagen, Norwegian skier (b. 1908)
* 1984 – Michel Foucault, French philosopher (b. 1926)
* 1988 – Hillel Slovak, Israeli-American guitarist (b. 1962)
* 1992 – James Stirling, British architect (b. 1926)
* 1995 – Warren E. Burger, United States Supreme Court Chief Justice (b. 1907)
* 1995 – Ernest Walton, Irish physicist (b. 1905)
* 1997 – Jacques-Yves Cousteau, French explorer, scientist, movie maker and inventor (b. 1910)
* 1999 – Tommy Ivan, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1911)

### From 2001

* 2003 – Lester Maddox, segregationist Governor of Georgia (b. 1915)
* 2006 – Kenneth Griffith, British actor and director (b. 1921)
* 2008 – Erika Crusardson, artist and actress (b. 1975)
* 2009 – Farrah Fawcett, American actress (b. 1947)
* 2009 – Michael Jackson, American entertainer and singer (b. 1958)
* 2009 – Sky Saxon, American singer-songwriter and musician (b. 1937)
* 2011 – Margaret Tyzack, British actress (b. 1931)
* 2013 – Robert E. Gilka, American photographer and journalist (b. 1916)
* 2014 – Ana Maria Matute, Spanish writer (b. 1925)
* 2014 – Nigel Calder, English science writer (b. 1931)
* 2014 – Arvid Jacobsen, Norwegian newspaper editor (b. 1938)
* 2015 – Patrick Macnee, English-American actor (b. 1922)
* 2016 – Bill Cunningham, American photographer (b. 1929)
* 2016 – Giuseppe Ferrara, Italian movie director (b. 1932)
* 2016 – Patrick Mayhew, British politician, former Secretary of State for Northern Ireland (b. 1929)
* 2016 – Nicole Courcel, French actress (b. 1931)
* 2016 – Mohapatra Nilamani Sahoo, Indian writer (b. 1926)
* 2017 – Gordon Wilson, Scottish politician (b. 1938)
* 2017 – Elsa Daniel, Argentine actress (b. 1938)
* 2017 – K. R. Mohanan, Indian film director (b. 1947)
* 2017 – José Manuel Mourinho Félix, Portuguese footballer and manager (b. 1938)
* 2017 – Walter Fillmore, American general (b. 1933)
* 2018 – Paul Gérin-Lajoie, Canadian lawyer and politician (b. 1920)
* 2018 – Richard Benjamin Harrison, American businessman and television presenter (b. 1941)
* 2018 – David Goldblatt, South African photographer and critic of Apartheid (b. 1930)
* 2018 – James M. Keck, American lieutenant general (b. 1921)
* 2019 – Kevin McKenna, Irish politician (b. 1945)
* 2019 – Isabel Sarli, Argentine actress and model (b. 1929)

## Observances

* Independence Day (Mozambique)
* National Day of Slovenia and Croatia
* Statehood Day (Virginia)
* National Catfish Day (United States)
* Arbor Day (Philippines)