Rikunarita-ORG/Wikinium huggingface dataset:
# Euronext Paris

**Euronext Paris** is a French stock market. It used to be called the Paris Bourse**.** It merged with the Amsterdam, Lisbon and Brussels exchanges in September 2000 to form Euronext NV. In 2022, the 795 companies listed had a combined market value of over US$4.58 trillion. Euronext Paris, the French branch of Euronext is Europe's largest stock exchange market. In November 2022, it became Europe's largest stock exchange, overtaking the London Stock Exchange, the first time since 2003.

In 1986, the Paris Bourse started to implement an electronic system for the processing of the transactions. Before that it was an open outcry exchange. The dealers shouted and waved. By 1989 it was all electronic.

It runs the CAC 40 stock market index. It is updated every 15 seconds. It tracks the 40 most significant stocks.
# Shenzhen University

**Shenzhen University** (Traditional Chinese: 深圳大學; Simplified Chinese: 深圳大学) is a public university in Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China. Founded in 1983, it located in Nanshan district and has two campuses: Yuehai and Lihu.

## Famous student

* Ma Huateng, Chinese businessman, founder of Tencent.
# Lin Moyu

**Lin Moyu** (Chinese: 林默予; 1 July 1924 – 1 July 2020) was a Chinese actress. She was known for her role in the movie series *A Dream of Red Mansions*. She won a Golden Rooster Award in 1990.

Lin Moyu died on her 96th birthday on 1 July 2020.
# Gong Li

*This is a Chinese name; the family name is* Gong*.*

| Gong Li |
| --- |
| Gong Li at 2016 Cannes Film Festival |
| Born |  (1965-12-31) December 31, 1965 Shenyang, Liaoning, China |
| Nationality | Chinese (1965–2008) Singaporean (2008–present) |
| Occupation | Celebrity |
| Years active | 1987 - present |
| Height | 169 cm (5 ft 7 in) |
| Spouses |

Ooi Hoe Soeng
​ ​(m. 1996; div. 2010)​

Jean-Michel Jarre
​ ​(m. 2019)​ |
| Parent(s) | Gong Lize (father) Liu Ying (mother) |
|  |
| **Lua error in Module:Infobox\_multi-lingual\_name at line 132: attempt to call field '\_transl' (a nil value).** |
|  |

**Gong Li** is a Chinese actress. She helped bring Chinese cinema to Europe and the United States.

She has several awards. She received both the Golden Rooster and the Hundred Flowers Awards two times. She also has the Berlinale Camera, Cannes Festival Trophy, National Board of Review, New York Film Critics Circle Award, and Volpi Cup.

Gong Li became a Goodwill Ambassador of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) on 16 October 2000.
# Huang Zongying

**Huang Zongying** (Chinese: 黄宗英; 13 July 1925 – 14 December 2020) was a Chinese actress and writer. She starred in many black-and-white movies such as *Rhapsody of Happiness* (1947), *Crows and Sparrows* (1949), *Women Side by Side* (1949), and *The Life of Wu Xun* (1950). Huang was born in Beijing.

Huang died on 14 December 2020 in Beijing at the age of 95.
# Billy Tang

**Billy Tang Hin-Shing** (Chinese: 鄧衍成) (died 2 July 2020) was a Hong Kong movie director. He began working as an assistant director for Asia Television. He was known for directing *Dr. Lamb*, *Those Were the Days...* and *Dial D for Demons*.

Tang died of nasopharynx cancer on 2 July 2020, aged 69.

## Other websites

* Billy Tang on IMDb
# Xinjiang

Map of Xinjiang region within China
The Pamir Mountains south of Kashgar
Pro independence flag for East Turkestan used by Uyghurs also known as Kök bayraq

**Xinjiang** (also transliterated as **Sinkiang**) is a northwestern region of the People's Republic of China on the outer edges of East Asia. Like all of China including both “China Proper” and the other outer east asian regions such as Tibet, Manchuria and Inner Mongolia, it is also claimed by the current Chinese state known as the Republic of China. It is a large area with few people. It is over 1.6 million km2, which takes up about one sixth of the country's land. It is mainly inhabited by Uyghurs who are Turkic people.

In the 19th century, when the name of the Silk Road was first used by a German geographer, it just included the land route from Xinjiang to Central Asia. Xinjiang sits at the heart of the Silk Road in China. At that time, the country was often called "Chinese Turkestan" for its many Turkic peoples.

Xinjiang borders the Tibet Autonomous Region and Jammu and Kashmir's Leh District to the south and Qinghai and Gansu provinces to the southeast, Mongolia to the east, Russia to the north and Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Afghanistan to the west, Pakistan and Kashmir region to the southwest.

Ürümqi is the capital of Xinjiang and the largest city in Western China. It also holds the world record for being the most remote city from any sea in the world; it is 2,500 km from any coastline.

The east-west chain of the Tian Shan Mountains separate Dzungaria in the north from the Tarim Basin in the south. Dzungaria is dry steppe. The Tarim Basin is desert surrounded by oases. In the east is the Turpan Depression. The Taklamakan Desert is also in Xinjiang. Ürümqi, the capital, Turpan, Kashgar, Karamay, Yining and Shihezi are the major cities.

## Other websites

* Xinjiang Government official website Archived 2010-12-04 at the Wayback Machine
* Photos of Xinjiang Ethnic Groups & Food
# Chinese people

Chinese people|  |
| Languages |
| Chinese |
| Religion |
| Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism, Chinese folk religion |

**Chinese people** are the various ethnic groups from China, including Taiwan.

Countries with a significant population with Chinese ancestry.  + 1 400 000 000  + 60 000 000   + 40 000 000  + 4 000 000   + 2 000 000
The largest of these groups is the Han Chinese. This group is often called "Chinese" or "ethnic Chinese" in English. Large numbers of Han Chinese live in countries other than China. They may make up as much as 29% of the world's population.

Other ethnic groups in China include the Zhuang, Hui, Manchu, and Uyghurs, among many others. The People's Republic of China (PRC) officially recognises 56 ethnic groups. Taiwan (Republic of China, ROC) officially recognises 14 tribes of Taiwanese aborigines. The list of ethnic groups in China includes the major ethnic groups of China (PRC) and Taiwan.

## Related pages

* Chinese American
* British Chinese
* Chinese Canadian
* China population
* List of Chinese scientists
# Kim Joo-hyuk

**Kim Joo-hyuk** (Hangul: 김주혁; Hanja: 金柱赫; 3 October 1972 – 30 October 2017) was a South Korean actor. He was born in Seoul, South Korea.

Kim was known for his leading roles in the movies *My Wife Got Married* (2008), *The Servant* (2010) and *Yourself and Yours* (2016). He was known for his roles on the television series *Lovers in Prague* (2005), *God of War* (2012), *Hur Jun, The Original Story* (2013) and *Argon* (2017). Also, he was a regular member of the TV show 2 Days and 1 Night, which gave him the his best-known nickname “Brother Gutaeng”(구탱이형).

Kim was killed in a car crash near Seoul after suffering a heart attack behind the wheel on 30 October 2017 at the age of 45.

## Other websites

* Kim Ju-hyeok at Namoo Actors (in Korean)
* Kim Ju-hyuk on IMDb
# Im Yoon-ah

| Im Yoon-ah |
| --- |
|  |
| Background information |
| Birth name | Im Yoon-ah (임윤아) |
| Also known as | Yoona |
| Born |  (1990-05-30) May 30, 1990 Seoul, South Korea |
| Origin | South Korea, Seoul |
| Genres | K-pop |
| Occupation(s) | Singer, actress |
| Years active | 2007–present |
| Labels | SM Entertainment |
| Website |  |

|  |
| --- |
| **Im Yoon-ah** |
| Hangul | 임윤아 |
| Hanja | 林潤妸 |
| Revised Romanization | *Im Yoona* |
| McCune–Reischauer | *Im Yoona* |

**Im Yoon-ah** (born May 30, 1990), commonly known as **YoonA** (윤아/潤娥), is a South Korean singer and actress. She is a member of Girls' Generation and of its sub-unit Girls' Generation-Oh!GG under the label SM Entertainment.
# Chaohusaurus

| *Chaohusaurus* Temporal range: Early Triassic,  |
| --- |
|  |
| Specimen AGM CHS-5 |
| Scientific classification  |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Reptilia |
| Order: | †Grippidia |
| Family: | †Grippiidae |
| Genus: | †*Chaohusaurus* Young & Dong, 1972 |
| Type species |
| †Chaohusaurus geishanensis Young & Dong, 1972 |
| Species |
| * *C. geishanensis* Young & Dong, 1972
* *C. zhangjiawanensis* Chen *et al.*, 2013
* *C. brevifemoralis* Huang *et al.*, 2019
 |

*C. geishanensis* restoration
Chaohusaurus is an extinct genus of basal ichthyopterygian, or ichthyosaur, from the Lower Triassic of Chaohu and Yuanan, China.

It was closer in time and form to *Cymbospondylus* and *Mixosaurus* than to more advanced genera like *Ichthyosaurus*. It did not have the dolphin-like form of later ichthyosaurs, but it was fully aquatic. The tail fin is wide-based and short. The neck is rather long, whereas later ichthyosaurs have no neck. There is no dorsal fin.

It was one of the smallest ichthyosaurs, about 70 to 180 cm long. Its weight was about 10 kg.

## Reproduction

A recent study of *Chaohusaurus* shows an early example of live birth. A remarkable feature was a baby close to emerging *head-first*. The authors comment:

"Its headfirst birth posture... strongly indicates a terrestrial origin of viviparity, in contrast to the traditional view. The tail-first birth posture in derived ichthyopterygians, convergent with the conditions in whales and sea cows, therefore is a secondary feature". They comment "obligate marine amniotes appear to have evolved almost exclusively from viviparous land ancestors".
In other words, ichthyosaurs gave live birth when they were still land dwellers. Then, later, they adapted to an aquatic life.

Diagram from the PLoS paper, showing key features of the fossil *Chaohusaurus*
The maternal *Chaohusaurus* specimen with three embryos. Color coding shows: black, maternal vertebral column, including neural and haemal spines; blue, maternal pelvis and hind flipper; green, maternal ribs and gastralia. Embryos 1 and 2 are in orange and yellow, and neonate 1 is in red. Scale bar = 1 cm
# Charity (practice)

A painting by Raja Ravi Varma showing a Hindu woman giving alms to a poor man
**Charity** is the act of giving help to those in need of it. It is a humanitarian act. It involves giving money, goods or time and effort to those who need it. It is done without expecting something in return. Giving money or food to poor people is an example of charity. Poor, sick or injured people are generally considered the proper people to whom charity should be given. When such people are not supported, they often begin begging, which is directly asking for help from people they do not know. Others may rely on support from charitable organizations. These organizations collect money and goods and then give them to those in need for food or for anything else.

Most acts of charity are concerned with providing basic needs, such as food, water, clothing, health care and shelter. The most common form of charity is donating money. The money is then used to buy these basic needs. Moreover, many people do other things as charity, such as teaching orphans, donating blood, or aiding research.

Charitable giving can be a responsibility in many religions. This kind of charity is called **almsgiving** or **alms**. The word "charity" comes from the Latin "caritas" meaning Christian love. In Islam, it is called *zakat*. It is one of the five most important duties of being a Muslim, and in Judaism it is "tzedakah".

## Related pages

* Altruism
* Charitable organization
* Compassion
* Fundraising
* Humanitarianism
* Mercy
* Philanthropy
* Pro bono
# Đỗ Mười

Đỗ Mười in 2008
**Đỗ Mười** (2 February 1917 – 1 October 2018) was a Vietnamese communist politician. He served as the General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam from 27 June 1991 through 29 December 1997.

Muoi was born on 2 February 1917 in Dong Phu, Thanh Trì, Hanoi as **Nguyễn Duy Cống**. He turned 100 in 2017.

## Longevity

Until October 2018, he was the oldest and earliest serving former Prime Minister of Vietnam and the oldest living state leader at the age of 101.

## Death

On April 12, 2018, Đỗ Mười was admitted to the Central Military Hospital 108 in Hanoi. He died on October 1, 2018 at the age of 101, after a long period of illness.

## Other websites

* Abuza, Zachary (December 1998). "Leadership Transition in Vietnam since the Eighth Party Congress: The Unfinished Congress". *Asian Survey*. **38** (12). University of California Press: 1105–1121. doi:10.2307/2645824. JSTOR 2645824.
* Abuza, Zachary (April 2002). "The Lessons of Le Kha Phieu: Changing Rules in Vietnamese politics" (PDF). *Contemporary Southeast Asia*. **24** (1). Institute of Southeast Asian Studies: 121–145. doi:10.1355/CS24-1H. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2013-11-23.
* Abrami, Regina (25–26 May 2007). *Vietnam through Chinese Eyes: Comparing Vertical and Horizontal Accountability in Single-Party Regimes* (PDF). Harvard Business School.
* Abrami, Regina; Malesky, Edmund; Zheng, Yu (2008). *Accountability and Inequality in Single-Party Regimes: A Comparative Analysis of Vietnam and China* (PDF). Harvard Business School. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-06-06. Retrieved 2013-11-23.
# Promise

When a person agrees to do something or to *not* do something, that person is making a **promise**. A promise can be made verbally (by saying it), or it can be written down as a contract. *Breaking* a promise, or not keeping it, is often just bad manners, but it can sometimes be illegal, such as when a contract is not kept.

A **vow** is a special promise. It is mostly used in a religious sense or in ceremonies such as marriages when the couple who are being married make their "marriage vows", promising to be faithful to one another.

An oath is a promise in the legal sense. When someone has to give evidence in a court of law they "swear an oath". This means that they promise they will tell the truth.
# Emperor Ruizong of Tang

**Emperor Ruizong of Tang** (22 June 662 – 13 July 716), personal name **Li Dan**, also known at times during his life as **Li Xulun**, **Li Lun**, **Wu Lun**, and **Wu Dan**, was the fifth and ninth emperor of Tang Dynasty. He was the sons of Emperor Gaozong and Wu Zetian. He was the brother of Emperor Zhongzong. He was the Emperor of Tang Dynasty for two times.
# Wu Zetian

| Wu Zetian |
| --- |
|  |
| Empress of Zhou Dynasty |
| Reign | 16 October 690 – 22 February 705 |
| Predecessor | none, Emperor Ruizong as Emperor of Tang Dynasty |
| Successor | dynasty abolished, Emperor Zhongzong as Emperor of Tang Dynasty |
| Empress Regent of Tang Dynasty |
| Reign | 660-690 |
| Successor | Empress Wei |
| Empress consort of Tang Dynasty |
| Reign | 655–683 |
| Predecessor | Empress Wang |
| Successor | Empress Wei |
|  |
| Born | (624-02-17)17 February 624 Lizhou, Sichuan Province, Tang Dynasty |
| Died | 16 December 705(705-12-16) (aged 81) Luoyang, Tang Dynasty |
| Burial | 706 Qianling Mausoleum |
| Spouse | Emperor Taizong of Tang Emperor Gaozong of Tang |
| Issue | Li Hong, Emperor Yizong Li Xian, Crown Prince Zhanghuai Princess Si of Anding Li Xian, Emperor Zhongzong Li Dan, Emperor Ruizong Princess Taiping |
|

| Full name |
| --- |
| **Family name:** Wu (武) **Given name:** Mei (媚), later Zhao (曌/瞾) |
| Posthumous name |
| Empress Zetian Shunsheng (則天順聖皇后) |

 |
| House | Wu *(by birth)* House of Li *(by marriage)* |
| Father | Wu Shihuo, Duke Ding of Ying |
| Mother | Lady Yang |

**Wu Zetian** (**Wu Tse-tien**; simplified Chinese: 武则天; traditional Chinese: 武則天; pinyin: *Wǔ Zétiān*; c. 625 AD – 705 AD), was the first female monarch of China. She ruled under the name of her self-proclaimed Zhou Dynasty, from 690 to 705. She had previously been a member of the Tang Dynasty. Wu was a concubine of Emperor Taizong. After his death, she married his successor and 9th son, Emperor Gaozong in 655. After Gaozong's stroke in 660, Wu Zetian ruled as effective sovereign until 705. She is the only woman to have ruled China in her own right.
# Li Li-hua

*This is a Chinese name; the family name is* Li*.*
Li in 1943
**Li Li-Hua** (also known as **Li Hua Li**, **Li Lihua** and **Teresa Li** Chinese: 李麗華; 17 July 1924 – 19 March 2017) was a Chinese Hong-Kong actress, better known as an actress from the Shaw Brothers Studio.

In 1957, Li married Hong Kong actor and director Yan Jun (嚴俊). He died in 1980.

Li Lihua was born on July 17, 1924 in Shanghai.

Her first movie was *3 Smiles* (三笑) which was released in two parts in 1940. Her final movie was *New Dream of the Red Chamber* (新紅樓夢) in 1978 after which she retired and moved to the United States. She acted in over one hundred twenty movies during her 38 year career. In 1969 she was awarded the Golden Horse Best Actress award for *Storm over the Yangtze River* (揚子江風雲).

Li died in Hong Kong on 19 March 2017, aged 92.
# Taiwan Pride

**Taiwan Pride** is the yearly gay pride parade in Taiwan (officially the "Republic of China"). The parade was first held in 2003. It is in the capital city of Taipei. It is the largest gay pride parade in Asia.
# Comedian

Charlie Chaplin, a well-known comedian
A **comedian** is a person who tells jokes, or acts in comedies. Some people use the French loanword *comedienne* to refer to female comedians. A comedian can also be called a comic or a comic actor.