Rikunarita-ORG/Wikinium huggingface dataset:
# Zakat

Recipients waiting to receive zakat in India.
**Zakat** (Arabic: زكاة) is one of the five most important aspects of Islam. Zakat means giving charity to the poor. Generally, a Muslim is expected to give *zakat* as long as they are able. Through Zakat wealth reaches to the poor class of the society. It is considered to be a personal responsibility for Muslims to help those in need and eliminate inequality. It is often 2.5% of what the Muslim has.

## Related pages

* Altruism
* Five Pillars of Islam
# Mass media

Newspapers are an example of mass media
**Mass media** are media like radio, television, internet or other things that reach many people. Television is most used. We can see and hear news from around the world. Radio also brings music and news. Books supply older and more detailed material. The internet is also important. We can search for all the news and information. Websites like Wikipedia and about.com give information about many things. Libraries are also important. In libraries, we can read books and listen to music.

The term was coined in the 1920s with the advent of nationwide radio networks, mass-circulation newspapers and magazines, although mass media (like books and manuscripts) were present centuries before the term became common.

## Related pages

* Journalism
* Censorship
* News agency
* Media studies
# A&E Networks

A&E Television Networks, LLC|  |
| Company type | Joint venture Limited liability company |
| Industry | Mass media |
| Founded | 1984 (1984) |
| Headquarters | New York City, New York, United States |
| Key people | * Paul Buccieri
* (president)
* David Granville-Smith (COO, CFO)
 |
| Products | Home video films |
| Services | Broadcasting & Cable TV |
| Total equity | est. $20 billion (2013) |
| Owners | **Each of 50% owned by: Hearst Communications
* The Walt Disney Company
 |
| Divisions | * Consumer Enterprises
* A+E Networks International
* Digital Media
* A+E Network
* History Network
 |
| Subsidiaries | * A+E Studios, LLC
* Lifetime Entertainment Services
* Vice Media (20%)
* Propagate Content, LLC (stake)
* Reel One Entertainment (35% stake)
 |
| Website | www.aenetworks.com |
| **Footnotes / references** |

**A&E Networks** (stylized as **A+E NETWORKS**) is an American multinational broadcasting company. It is owned by the Hearst Communications and The Walt Disney Company.

The company owns many non-fiction and entertainment-based television brands, including A&E, History, Lifetime and FYI.
# Worker

Subsaharan worker in Algeria.
A **worker** is a person who does a job. This usually means a person who does manual labour( such as manufacturing goods,farming,etc). In economics,there are three factors of production. These are *labour* (the work done by workers), land (usually people need some space to produce something), and capital (it will cost resources, or money, to produce something).

People who work, usually get paid for the work they do. This is either called wages (if it is bound to a time period, like an hour), or a salary (if it is independent of the time taken).

May Day is an international holiday for workers' rights.

## Related pages

* Working class
* Workers of the world, unite!
# Technology

A steam turbine
**Technology** is the skills, methods, and processes used to achieve goals. The word has been in use since the 17th century.

People can use technology to:

* Produce goods or provide customer services
* Carry out goals, such as scientific investigation or sending a spaceship to the moon
* Solve problems, such as disease or famine
* Do things we already do, but more easily.

Technology can be knowledge of how to do things. Some machiness have automatic controls. This lets others use the machines without knowing how they work. **Technological systems** use technology by taking something, changing it, then producing a result. They are also known as **technology systems**.

The most simple form of technology is the development and use of basic tools. The discovery of fire and the Neolithic Revolution made food easier to get. Other inventions, such as the wheel and the ship, helped people to transport goods and themselves. This, along with information technology such as the printing press, the telephone, and the Internet, has led to globalization.

People have used technology for millions of years. Without food technology, most people would die.

## Etymology

The word "technology" comes from two Greek words:

* τέχνη, *techne*, meaning "art, skill, or cunning of hand"
* -λογία, *-logia,* a suffix meaning "the study of"

## Related pages

* Engineering
* Inventor
# Justine Musk

**Justine Musk** is an author born in the 2 September 1972 in Canada and spent most of her early life in Canada.

## Life

She attended Queen's University in Kingston and obtained a degree in English literature. She then moved to Japan where she taught English as a second language before finally settling in California. In January 2000 she married Elon Musk and in 2002 they had there first child Nevada who died of sudden infant death syndrome at the age of 10 wks. Between 2004 and 2008 they had 5 children. On September 13 2008 Justine and Elon got divorced.

## Books

Her first book was published in 2005 named "Bloodangel" followed by "uninvited" in 2007 and "lord of bones" in 2008, her latest book "Smalltown Canadian girl" was published last year in 2016.
# Spacecraft

The US Space Shuttle flew 135 times from 1981 to 2011, supporting Spacelab, *Mir*, the Hubble Space Telescope, and the ISS. (*Columbia*'s maiden launch, which had a white external tank, shown)
A **spacecraft** is a vehicle that can carry people and cargo beyond the Earth's atmosphere, through space to other planets, space stations, or orbits and back home again. Spacecraft which are launched from the surface of a planet are called launch vehicles and usually take-off from launch pads at spaceports.

Most spacecraft today are propelled by rocket engines, which shoot hot gases opposite to the direction of travel. Other forms of propulsion are used when appropriate. Spacecraft which do not need to escape from strong gravity may use ion thrusters or other more efficient methods.

Because of the very large amount of energy needed to leave the Earth's gravity, spacecraft are usually very expensive to build, launch, and operate. Plans for future spacecraft often focus on reducing these costs so more people can participate in space. But today, costs are still very high, and until recently all spacecraft were operated by national governments. Now, some companies operate spacecraft.

## Human spaceflight vehicles

It is very expensive to send people to space, because they need food, water, air, and living space. People going to space have special names: Americans call themselves astronauts, Russians call themselves cosmonauts, and Chinese call themselves taikonauts.

* The American agency NASA once used a launch vehicle called the Space Shuttle. Currently, they fly on the Russian Soyuz or SpaceX's Falcon 9.
* The Russian agency RFSA uses a launch vehicle called Soyuz.
* The Ukrainian agency UASA uses a launch vehicle called Zenit.
* The Chinese agency CNSA uses a launch vehicle called Shenzhou.
* A space company SpaceX uses a launch vehicle called Falcon 9. The first part of that rocket lands back on Earth, making it cheaper to fly. They are currently building a larger rocket called Starship.
* A space company Blue Origin uses a launch vehicle called New Shepard. It can only send people to space for a few minutes.

## Satellites

Some of the most important spacecraft today are artificial satellites. Artificial satellites are smaller, unmanned spacecraft. Some go into Low Earth orbit to look at the Earth or for other purposes. Others are sent to geostationary orbit to relay radio signals from one part of Earth to another, or to watch events on Earth from a high point of view. Communications satellites are important for television and other communications, and other satellites help with weather prediction and other jobs.

## Related pages

* Spaceflight
* Space probe
# Time 100

Time* 100** (often stylized as TIME* 100**) is an annual article that lists 100 of the most influential people in the world. It is published by the American news magazine *Time*. It was first published in 1999 as the result of a debate among American academics, politicians, and journalists, the list is now a highly publicized annual event.

Only the winner of the Reader's Poll, conducted days before the official list is revealed, is chosen by the general public.

American singer Katy Perry appeared once on *Time 100*.
American singer Beyoncé has made three appearances on *Time 100*
## Categories of Time 100

* Artist
* Icons
* Pioneers
* Leaders
* Titans
* Innovators
# The Social Network

| The Social Network |
| --- |
| Official Logo |
| Directed by | David Fincher |
| Screenplay by | Aaron Sorkin |
| Based on | *The Accidental Billionaires* by Ben Mezrich |
| Produced by | * Scott Rudin
* Dana Brunetti
* Michael De Luca
* Ceán Chaffin
 |
| Starring | * Jesse Eisenberg
* Andrew Garfield
* Justin Timberlake
* Armie Hammer
* Max Minghella
 |
| Cinematography | Jeff Cronenweth |
| Edited by | * Kirk Baxter
* Angus Wall
 |
| Music by | * Trent Reznor
* Atticus Ross
 |
| Production companies | * Relativity Media
* Trigger Street Productions
 |
| Distributed by | Columbia Pictures |
| Release date | * October 1, 2010 (2010-10-01)
 |
| Running time | 120 minutes |
| Country | United States |
| Language | English  |
| Budget | $40 million |
| Box office | $224,920,315 |

The Social Network is a 2010 American movie about the beginning of Facebook. Jesse Eisenberg played Mark Zuckerberg in the movie. David Fincher directed the movie. Aaron Sorkin wrote the screenplay. The movie was very popular and won many awards, but did not win the Academy Award for Best Picture. The story happens in Massachusetts and California from 2003–2005. It is based on the book The Accidental Billionaires by Ben Mezrich.

## Cast

* Jesse Eisenberg as Mark Zuckerberg
* Andrew Garfield as Eduardo Saverin
* Justin Timberlake as Sean Parker
* Armie Hammer as Cameron Winklevoss and Tyler Winklevoss
* Josh Pence as Tyler Winklevoss (body double for Armie Hammer)
* Max Minghella as Divya Narendra
* Brenda Song as Christy Lee
* Rashida Jones as Marylin Delpy
* Joseph Mazzello as Dustin Moskovitz
* Rooney Mara as Erica Albright
* Dustin Fitzsimons as The Phoenix S-K Club President
* Patrick Mapel as Chris Hughes
* Douglas Urbanski as Larry Summers
* Wallace Langham as Peter Thiel
* Dakota Johnson as Amelia Ritter
* Malese Jow as Alice Cantwel
* Denise Grayson as Gretchen
* James Shanklin as Prince Albert II
* Trevor Wright as Josh Thompson
* John Getz as Sy
* Shelby Young as K.C.
* David Selby as Gage
* Aaron Sorkin as Ad executive

## Other websites

* Official site Archived 2019-10-01 at the Wayback Machine
* *The Social Network* on IMDb
* *The Social Network* at Rotten Tomatoes
* *The Social Network* at Metacritic
# Foreign direct investment

**Foreign direct investment** is the participation of one country's resources in another country's business. Many times people and technology are transferred between the two countries. Most foreign direct investment happens between the most developed countries; Western Europe, the US, and Japan. A foreign direct investor (someone who makes a foreign direct investment) can be a government body, a company, or an individual. China has much foreign direct investment in it from other countries. India was the second most. The United States is also a leader in foreign direct investment.
# Ameesha Patel

| Ameesha Patel |
| --- |
| Patel in 2023 |
| Born | Amisha Amit Patel  (1976-06-09) 9 June 1976 Mumbai, Maharashtra, India |
| Nationality | Indian |
| Occupation(s) | Actress, Producer, Model |
| Years active | 2000–present |
| Relatives | Ashmit Patel (brother) |

**Ameesha Patel** (pronounced [əˈmiːʂa pəˈʈeːl]; born **Amisha Amit Patel** on June 9, 1975) is an Indian actress, producer, and model who mainly appears in Bollywood films. She has also appeared in a few Telugu films and one Tamil film. She is notable for lots of films, including and especially her debut film Kaho Naa... Pyaar Hai. She has won a Filmfare Award for films like her debut film Kaho Naa... Pyaar Hai, Gadar: Ek Prem Katha, Humraaz, and Bhool Bhulaiyaa.
# Raghav Juyal

| Raghav Juyal |
| --- |
| Raghav in 2023 |
| Born |  (1991-07-10) 10 July 1991 Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India |
| Other names | * King of Slow Motion
* Crockroaxz
 |
| Education | DAV College, Dehradun (B.Com) |
| Occupations | * Dancer
* choreographer
* actor
* television presenter
 |
| Years active | 2012–present |
| Known for | Reinvention of slow motion walk in India |
| Style | * Slow motion
* lyrical
* dubstep
 |

**Raghav Juyal** (born 10 July 1991) is an Indian dancer, choreographer, actor and television presenter. He is known as the "King of Slow Motion" for his surreal dance moves in slow motion style and for his reinvention of the Slow Motion Walk in India. He was a contestant on *Fear Factor: Khatron Ke Khiladi 7* (2016).

## Television

List of Raghav Juyal television credits| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2011 | *Chak Dhoom Dhoom 2* | Contestant |  |
| *Dance India Dance 3* | 2nd runner-up |
| 2012 | *Dance Ke Superkids* | Captain | Winner |
| *Dance India Dance Li'l Masters 2* |  |
| 2013 | *Dance India Dance 4* | Himself | Guest |
| *Dance India Dance Super Moms* | Captain |  |
| 2014 | *Dance India Dance Li'l Masters 3* |  |
| 2015 | *Dance Plus* | Host |  |
| *Nach Baliye 7* | Himself | Guest |
| *Dance India Dance Super Moms 2* |
| 2016 | *Fear Factor: Khatron Ke Khiladi 7* | Contestant | 6th place |
| *Dance Plus 2* | Host |  |
| 2017 | *Super Dancer* | Himself | Guest |
| *Entertainment Ki Raat* |
| *Dance Champions* | Host |  |
| *Dance Plus 3* |  |
| *Rising Star* |  |
| 2018 | *Dance Plus 4* |  |
| *Dil Hai Hindustani 2* |  |
| 2019 | *Dance Plus 5* |  |
| *Khatra Khatra Khatra* | Himself | Guest |
| *Bigg Boss 13* |
| 2020 | *India's Best Dancer* |
| 2021 | *Bigg Boss 14* |
| *Dance Deewane 3* | Host |  |
| *Super Dancer 4* | Himself | Guest |
| *Dance Plus 6* | Host |  |

## Other websites

* Raghav Juyal on IMDb
* Raghav Juyal on Instagram
# Contract

A contract is a legal agreement or promise between two or more people.
A **contract** is an agreement or promise that the law can enforce. The law will enforce some agreements but not others. For example, in most places, if a parent promises to take a child to get ice cream, the law will not enforce that promise as a legal contract.

The legal rules about which promises are enforced by the law can be different in different places (or jurisdictions), but a contract is usually enforced only if it is made by people or groups who want it to be enforced and who know what they are doing.

Sometimes, a contract is written down and signed by the people agreeing to it, but it does not always need to be. People usually sign a contract when something important or costly is being done. For example, when people take a job, they will sometimes sign a contract with their employers. The contract will show what the person must do as part of the job and how much they will be paid. The person and the employer will sign the contract, and it will become a legal promise.

If someone breaks a contract, another person might sue him or her. In a lawsuit about a contract, the court will look at the contract, listen to what the people who made the contract say about it, and then make a decision about what the contract means.

## Related pages

* Law
* Oath
# English people

English people| Regions with significant populations |
| --- |
|  United Kingdom 36.89 million in  England and  Wales |
| *Significant English diaspora in* |
|  United States | 36.89 million (2024)AMERICA.: |
|  Canada | 10.98 million 2023)CANADA.: |
|  Australia | 10.89 million(2022)AUSTRALIA.: |
|  New Zealand | 01.4+ million..: |
|  Ireland | 10.98 Million”(2016)NEWZELAND. |
|  Ireland | 1.495,627++ Billion+.” 1,428,627,663 (2019)HINDUSTAN.:.: |
| Languages |
| English |
| Religion |
| Traditionally Anglicanism, but also non-conformists and dissenters (see History of the Church of England), as well as other Protestants; also Roman Catholics (see Catholic Emancipation); Islam (see Islam in England); Judaism and other faiths (see Religion in England). Almost 25% are non-religious.(2023) |
| Related ethnic groups |
| * other British people
* Germanic people (esp. Frisians)
* Celtic Britons
* Irish
 |
|

---

a English American, b English Australian, c English Canadian, d British diaspora in Africa |

**English people** refer to people who are citizens of England or of English descent. England is one of the nations that is a part of the Island of Great Britain. It shares the island with Scotland (Scots) and Wales (the Welsh). England is also a part of the United Kingdom, along with Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. Because of this, English people are also British people.

White English people descended from Anglo-Saxons and Frisians from Central Europe. Non-white English people often have ancestors from many different non-European countries.

Many people leave England to live in former British colonies. These include the United States, Australia, Canada, New Zealand and South Africa. The countries with the most English people, other than the United Kingdom.::. are the United States; Ausies; Canucks; and NZL.::.

## Citizenship

Citizenship refers to the United Kingdom rather than just England. Many citizens in the U.K. are not ethnically white. In the past, the British Empire controlled countries all over the world. People from many of these countries moved to England and had families. Over time, this led to many citizens from different ethnic groups. Examples of these groups include Indian people and other groups from the Indian subcontinent, people from sub-Saharan African countries, people from the Caribbean islands and people from Hong Kong.

Emigration from Britain is even more significant. About 40 to 44 million people in other countries have British ancestors. Census data provide the evidence for these statements.
# Political spectrum

A **political spectrum** is a way to talk about different political positions and how they are similar to or different from other political positions. These positions sit upon one or more geometric axes that represent independent political dimensions. Traditionally, the political spectrum has people who support left-wing ideas on the left and people who support right-wing ideas on the right.

The Political Compass is like the Political Spectrum but it also asks if people are libertarian or authoritarian.
# Dharma

**Dharma** (or **dhamma**) is a concept that is part of many religions or spiritual beliefs that originated in the Indian subcontinent. It means *the law* of spiritual growth of believers. Indian religions like Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism all believe in Dharma and are hence also known as Dharmic religions.

## In Buddhism

| **Buddhism**
 |
| --- |
| **Basic terms** |
| * Three Jewels
* Four Noble Truths

---

* + Dukkha Suffering
	+ Samudaya Cause of Suffering
	+ Nirodha Cessation of Suffering
	+ Magga Noble Eight Fold Path
* Buddhahood
* Enlightenment
* Nirvana
 |
| **People** |
| * Gautama Buddha
* Dalai Lama
* Bodhisattva
* Sangha
 |
| **Schools** |
| * Theravada
* Mahayana
	+ Zen
* Vajrayana
	+ Nyingma
	+ Kagyu
	+ Sakya
	+ Gelug
 |
| **Practices** |
| * Dharma study
* Noble Eightfold Path
* Meditation
* Chanting
* Metta
 |
| This box: * view
* talk
* edit
 |

In Buddhism, the word "Dharma" also means the very old teachings of the Buddha. For example, The Four Noble Truths.

## In Hinduism

In Hinduism, dharma is the spiritual law for human beings. It is the way of goodness, truth and duty. For example, a child's dharma is to be a good student. Parents’ dharma is to raise and support their family. A teacher’s dharma is to teach, and the dharma of the police is to protect others. Each age brings new responsibilities, so dharma will change over your lifetime. It is everyone’s dharma to be honest, kind and religious, to do no harm to others and to be a good citizen. Hindus believe that following dharma fulfills the highest purpose on earth. When people follow dharma, they feel good about themselves.
# Security

X-rays and metal detectors are used to control what is allowed to pass through an airport security perimeter
Security spikes protect a gated community in the East End of London
**Security** means to prevent dangers or losses. In general, security is similar to safety. The difference between the two is that security cares more than general safety about dangers from the outside.

Airports and banks usually have a lot of security measures. Prison security is used mainly to stop prisoners from escaping. It is also used to stop prisoners from harming prison employees or other prisoners.

Maximum security is found in or around prisons or other types of places where people need to be kept in or kept out. It is the highest security level for a building or area.

The term is also used to refer to acts and systems whose purpose may be to provide security (security company, security police, security forces, security service, security agency, security guard, cyber security systems, security cameras, remote guarding). Security can be physical and virtual.

## Related pages

* Law enforcement
* Insurance
* Hacking
* Police

* Monahan, Torin, ed. (2006), *Surveillance and Security: Technological Politics and Power in Everyday Life* Archived 2011-09-07 at the Wayback Machine. New York: Routledge: ISBN 0-415-95393-6
* Operations Security Professional's Association Website *

## Other websites

* ISO/IEC 15443-1: Overview and framework
* ISO/IEC 15443-2: Assurance methods
* ISO/IEC 15443-3: Analysis of assurance methods
* ISO/IEC 15408 refer also to Common Criteria
* ISO/IEC 17799:2005 Code of practice for information security management
# Steve Waugh

Waugh in 2002
**Stephen Rodger Waugh** AO (born 2 June 1965) is a former Australian cricketer. He is the twin brother of cricketer Mark Waugh. He was a right-handed batter and was also a medium-pace bowler. He was the Australian cricket team's captain from 1997 to 2004. He led Australia to fifteen of their record sixteen Test wins in a row. He also captained his country to victory at the 1999 Cricket World Cup. Waugh is considered the most successful Test captain in cricket history. As captain, he won 41 matches and lost 9 matches, with a winning ratio of 72%.

Waugh was named Australian of the Year in 2004. He was given this award for his cricket feats and charity work.

Waugh was born in Campsie, New South Wales. He is a few minutes older than his twin brother Mark. He is married to Lynette. The couple have three children.

## Other websites

* Steve Waugh at CricketArchive  (subscription required)
# Shikhar Dhawan

Shikhar Dhawan| Personal information |
| --- |
| Born |  (1985-12-05) December 5, 1985 Delhi, India |
| Batting | Left-handed |
| Bowling | Right-arm off-break |
| Role | Opening batsman |

**Shikhar Dhawan** (born 5 December 1985) is an Indian international cricketer who is known for his explosive batting style. He is a left-handed opening batsman and occasional right-arm off-break bowler. Dhawan is considered one of the most accomplished batsmen in the Indian cricket team and has achieved numerous records and accolades throughout his career. He plays for Punjab Kings team in Indian premier league.