Rikunarita-ORG/Wikinium huggingface dataset:
# COVID-19 pandemic in Ukraine

| COVID-19 pandemic in Ukraine |
| --- |
| Number of confirmed cases by oblast |
| Disease | COVID-19 |
| Virus strain | SARS-CoV-2 |
| Location | Ukraine |
| First outbreak | various European states with first case from Italy or Romania; Egypt |
| Index case | Chernivtsi Oblast |
| Arrival date | 3 March 2020 (6 years, 3 months and 18 days) |
| Confirmed cases | 647,976 |
| Recovered | 299,358 (including 27 children and 824 medical workers) |
| Deaths | 11,263 (146 men, 115 women) 86% of dead over 50 |

The COVID-19 pandemic was confirmed to have spread to Ukraine when its first case was confirmed to be hospitalized in Chernivtsi Oblast on 3 March 2020. It was a man who had travelled from Italy to Romania by plane and then arrived in Ukraine by car.

As of 20 March, an emergency was declared in Kyiv Oblast, Chernivtsi Oblast, Zhytomyr Oblast, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast and in the city of Kyiv.

Statistics for the Russian-held Crimea and city of Sevastopol, and for the unrecognized Donetsk People's Republic and Luhansk People's Republic in eastern Ukraine are not reported by Ukraine.
# Album

An **album** is a collection of sound recordings. It is usually made by a musician, and is sold in stores. Albums were originally a collection of gramophone records, each having one or two songs. Today an album is usually in the form of a compact disc, although many artists also release their albums on vinyl records. LP or Album in digital format in the 21st century it is increasingly normal to release music.

## Types of albums

There are two main types of albums, studio albums and live albums. Studio albums are recorded at a recording studio. Live albums are normally recorded while the musicians are performing for an audience. Live albums are usually recorded at concerts.

Other types of albums include:

* **Compilation album**: Compilation albums are usually made of songs that first came from many different albums. These songs can all be from the same musicians (often called "Greatest Hits" albums) or they can each be from different musicians.
* **Debut album**: the first album from a musician or musical group.
* **Solo album** - A solo album is an album by a single musician. This often happens when a singer or musician who is a part of a band creates an album without the rest of the band. It may also happen when the person leaves the band and starts performing alone. For example, most of Beyoncé's albums after she stopped performing with Destiny's Child are solo albums.
* **Tribute album**: Tribute albums or "cover albums" are albums where a second group or musician plays songs which were first played by another, often more famous, group or musician. The second group is usually called a "Tribute band" when most or all of the music they play is from another band. For example, a Slipknot tribute band would mostly play songs that were written and played by the band Slipknot.
* **Live album**: Live albums are made from songs that are performed live, such as during tour.

## Tracks

Albums are normally separated into *tracks*. Each track is a part of the album which has one song in it. The term is often used to mean a specific song on the album by number. For example, the "fourth track" or "track four" from an album is the fourth song on the album when it is played from the beginning.

## Related pages

* Extended play
* Single (music)
# The Battle Hymn of the Republic

Cover of sheet music for "The Battle Hymn of the Republic" published in Boston by Oliver Ditson & Co., 1862
"**The Battle Hymn of the Republic**" (also known as "**Mine Eyes Have Seen the Glory**" outside of the United States) is a song by American writer and poet Julia Ward Howe (1819–1910).

## History

Howe's lyrics were written in November 1861 and first published in *The Atlantic Monthly* in February 1862. She was paid $4.00 for the song. It is based on the music from the song "John Brown's Body". It was made famous by Charles Cardwell McCabe, a Union Army chaplain during the American Civil War. He sang it in front of President Abraham Lincoln who stood and asked to hear it a second time. It quickly became the unofficial anthem of the Union. Since then, it has become a popular and well-known American patriotic song.

## Lyrics

Mine eyes have seen the glory of the coming of the Lord;
He is trampling out the vintage where the grapes of wrath are stored;
He hath loosed the fateful lightning of His terrible swift sword:
His truth is marching on.
(**Chorus**)
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
His truth is marching on.
I have seen Him in the watch-fires of a hundred circling camps,
They have builded Him an altar in the evening dews and damps;
I can read His righteous sentence by the dim and flaring lamps:
His day is marching on.
(**Chorus**)
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
His day is marching on.
I have read a fiery gospel writ in burnished rows of steel:
"As ye deal with my contemners, so with you my grace shall deal";
Let the Hero, born of woman, crush the serpent with his heel,
Since God is marching on.
(**Chorus**)
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Since God is marching on.
He has sounded forth the trumpet that shall never call retreat;
He is sifting out the hearts of men before His judgment-seat:
Oh, be swift, my soul, to answer Him! be jubilant, my feet!
Our God is marching on.
(**Chorus**)
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Our God is marching on.
In the beauty of the lilies Christ was born across the sea,
With a glory in His bosom that transfigures you and me.
As He died to make men holy, let us die to make men free,
While God is marching on.
(**Chorus**)
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
While God is marching on.
He is coming like the glory of the morning on the wave,
He is Wisdom to the mighty, He is Succour to the brave,
So the world shall be His footstool, and the soul of Time His slave,
Our God is marching on.
(**Chorus**)
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Glory, glory, hallelujah.
Our God is marching on.

## Other websites

* YouTube: The Battle Hymn of the Republic
* YouTube: John Brown's Body - The Choir of Trinity College, Cambridge
* The Battle Hymn of the Republic; Meaning Archived 2014-10-27 at the Wayback Machine
# Maraca

Maraca|  |
| Percussion instrument |
| Classification |
Percussion |
| Related instruments |
|
Shekere |

A **maraca** (sometimes called a **shaker** or **chac-chac**) is a rattle used in Caribbean and Latin music. It makes noise when it is shaken. Two of them are usually played at the same time.
# Yuri (manga)

A *yuri* image
**Yuri** (Japanese: 百合) is a genre about relationships between women in manga, anime, light novel, dōjinshi, webcomics, and other Japanese media. Yuri can be either about spirit, sex, friendship or emotions in such relationship.

"Yuri" is a jargon word and it normally means "lily" in Japanese. The terms "S-class", "Girls Love" and "shoujo-ai" are also used to describe this genre.

## History

### Before 1970: Class S literature

One of the first Japanese authors to write about love between women was Nobuko Yoshiya, a novel writer during the Taishō and Shōwa periods, and was one of the founders of Japanese lesbian literature, including the Class S genre. The genre shows lesbian attachments as intense yet platonic relationships, certain to be reduced by graduation from school, marriage, or death. The source of the genre is in part with the modern belief that gay love was a normal part of female development, leading into being in straight relationships. Usually, Class S stories focused on strong emotional bonds between an upperclassman and an underclassman.
# Internet forum

Internet forum powered by phpBB
One type of a **forum** is an online discussion site on the Internet. Users can type messages for others to see, and reply to other user's messages. Messages (or "posts") are organised by topic (or "thread"), with each poster either replying to an existing topic or creating a new topic for a new conversation.

Forums can be found on a lot of websites. Internet forums are often used to show people information. Things like pictures hyperlinks and images can also be put on the board, or "posted".

Many Internet forums have rules against things such as spamming and trolling. If people do those kind of things, they will be warned, and if they continue, they will be banned.

Forums also have their own set of rules. A rule which is used by many forums is not to comment or bring up old threads because those forums were made to discuss the newest events.

There are usually three different types of rankings on a forum:

* Member: which nearly everyone is, they can read and create posts.
* Moderator: someone whose job is to keep order on the forum. They can delete posts and warn or ban members who break the forum rules. They are informally known as jannies
* Administrator, or admin: The highest rank, who can change settings on the forum and change user permissions.

People participating in a forum may make friends with each other and may form groups with the same ideas.
# Lloyd Bentsen

| Lloyd Bentsen |
| --- |
| Official portrait, 1993 |
|  |
| 69th United States Secretary of the Treasury |
| **In office** January 20, 1993 – December 22, 1994 |
| President | Bill Clinton |
| Preceded by | Nicholas F. Brady |
| Succeeded by | Robert Rubin |
| Chair of the Senate Finance Committee |
| **In office** January 3, 1987 – January 20, 1993 |
| Preceded by | Bob Packwood |
| Succeeded by | Daniel Patrick Moynihan |
| United States Senator from Texas |
| **In office** January 3, 1971 – January 20, 1993 |
| Preceded by | Ralph Yarborough |
| Succeeded by | Bob Krueger |
| Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Texas's 15th district |
| **In office** December 4, 1948 – January 3, 1955 |
| Preceded by | Milton West |
| Succeeded by | Joe M. Kilgore |
|  |
| Personal details |
| Born | Lloyd Millard Bentsen Jr. (1921-02-11)February 11, 1921 Mission, Texas, U.S. |
| Died | May 23, 2006(2006-05-23) (aged 85) Houston, Texas, U.S. |
| Political party | Democratic |
| Spouse(s) |
Beryl Ann Longino ​(m. 1943)​ |
| Children | 3 |
| Education | University of Texas, Austin (LLB) |
| Military service |
| Allegiance |  United States |
| Branch/service |  United States Army  • United States Army Air Forces  United States Air Force  • United States Air Force Reserve |
| Years of service | 1942–1947 (Active) 1950–1959 (Reserve) |
| Rank |  Colonel |
| Unit | 15th Air Force  • 449th Bombardment Group |
| Battles/wars | World War II |
| Awards | Distinguished Flying Cross Air Medal (4) |

**Lloyd Bentsen** (February 11, 1921 — May 23, 2006) was a Senator from Texas from 1971 to 1993 and was the United States Secretary of the Treasury under the Clinton administration from 1993 to 1994. He was a congressman from Texas from 1948 to 1955. He was also chairman of the Senate Committee on Finance from 1987 to 1993. He was a member of the Democratic Party.

He was the Vice Presidential running mate in the 1988 United States presidential election, but lost to Dan Quayle. He was a member of the Democratic Party. He died on May 23, 2006 in his home in Houston, Texas from a stroke, aged 85.

## Other websites

* Biography at the *Biographical Directory of the United States Congress*
* Voting record maintained by *The Washington Post*
* Lloyd Bentsen at Find a Grave, retrieved on 2013-02-03
* Oral History Interview with Lloyd Bentsen, from the Lyndon Baines Johnson Library Archived 2001-11-26 at the Library of Congress Web Archives
# 115th United States Congress

**The 115th United States Congress** was the 115th legislative cycle of the United States House of Representatives and the United States Senate. It lasted from January 3, 2017, as a result of the 2016 elections, till January 3, 2019, when the 116th Congress began. In this cycle, both the House and Senate were controlled by Republicans.

## Leadership

### Senate.

President of the Senate Joe Biden.
#### President of the Senate

The President of the Senate was Joe Biden (a Democrat).

#### Senate President Pro Tempore

The Senate President Pro Tem was Orrin Hatch (a Republican).

Mitch McConnell, R-KY, Senate Majority Leader
#### Majority Leader

The Majority Leader was Republican Mitch McConnell of Kentucky.

#### Minority Leader

The Minority Leader was Democrat Charles Schumer of New York.

#### Majority Whip

The Majority Whip was Republican John Cornyn of Texas.

#### Minority Whip

The Minority Whip was Democrat Dick Durbin of Illinois.

### House

#### Speaker

The Speaker of the House was Paul Ryan (a Republican).

#### Majority Leader

House Majority Whip Steve Scalise of Louisiana.
The Majority Leader was Republican Kevin McCarthy of California.

#### Minority Leader

The Minority Leader was Democrat Nancy Pelosi of California.

#### Majority Whip

The Majority Whip was Republican Steve Scalise of Louisiana.

#### Minority Whip

The Minority Whip was Democrat Steny Hoyer of Maryland.

## Party Breakdown

### Senate.

There were 51 Republicans and 47 Democrats, as well as 2 Independents who sided with Democrats.

### House.

There were 235 Republicans and just 193 Democrats, plus 7 empty seats.
# Shudra

**Shudra** is a division of the ancient Indian caste system. A shudra is considered a servant or peasant. Shudra and Ati-shudra indicates the bottom most ranks in the Indian caste system.

Mahatma Jyotirao Phule set out the history of shudra-ati-shudra communities in his book, ‘*Gulamgiri’.* He drew the attention to the exploitation of Shudras, Ati-shudras, and women etc. At this time, most prefer not even to touch such castes.

The pyramid of the caste system in India
# Telegram

World wiring, ca. 1891A telegram sent for Christmas, in 1951
A **telegram** (Greek tele: distant and gramma: letter) is a written message transmitted over a distance. Acoustic, optical or electric signals are used to transmit the message. In the case of an electric transmission, the message was carried along wires, and the text written or printed and delivered by hand or teleprinter.

Claude Chappe invented and constructed the first optical telegraph in 1791. The Gaiss-Wenber telegraph was the first electric telegraph. Carl Friedrich Gauß and Wilhelm Eduard Weber constructed it in Göttingen, in 1833. In 1837, Samuel Morse invented the Morse code, which was also used for telegraphy.His code used dots and dashes, and the device he constructed could output the message on a paper strip. The first such line was constructed in 1844, and ran from Baltimore to Washington, D.C.

Telegrams were very widely used, because private telephones were not usual. Nowadays they are not useful because most people have private telephones and the use of e-mail. The idea was developed by the British Post Office as a service for urgent letters.

## Related pages

* Telegraphy

## Other websites

 The dictionary definition of telegram at Wiktionary
# Neolithic

Different colors show different kinds of cultures in the Middle NeolithicThe **Neolithic** period is the last part of the Stone Age. The word "Neolithic" means “new Stone Age.” It comes from two words in Greek meaning "new" and "lithic" ("stone"). It started when humans began farming, and ended when they began using copper.

## Timeline

The Neolithic period started at different times in different places, since not everyone started farming at the same time. The earliest Neolithic period started around 10,000 BC in the Middle East.

The Stone Age ended when humans began to use copper to make tools. This began the Copper Age.

## Neolithic Revolution

*See the main page: Neolithic Revolution*

In the Neolithic period, people invented farming and started caring for animals, such as cows, sheep and pigs. Scientists call this the Neolithic Revolution. It was a gradual change from nomadic hunting and gathering communities to agriculture and settlement.

### Farming & domestication

*See the main pages: History of agriculture and Domestication of animals*

By around 9500 BC, humans were cultivating eight key crops in the Levant. These eight Neolithic founder crops were emmer wheat, einkorn wheat, hulled barley, peas, lentils, bitter vetch, chickpeas, and flax.

The first evidence we have of rice cultivation is from 5700 BC. By 6200 BC, humans had domesticated rice in China. After that, they domesticated mung, soy and azuki beans.

Pigs were domesticated in Mesopotamia around 11,000 years ago, followed by sheep. These provided food and wool for warm clothing. Cattle were domesticated from the wild aurochs in the areas of modern Turkey and India around 8500 BC.

## Culture

Neolithic people were not simple cavemen. They made pottery and invented jade carving. They buried their dead in tombs and left jewelry and pottery inside, suggesting that they had a concept of the afterlife.

In Turkey, archaeologists found a pillar with a three-dimensional face carved into it. This carving, which was created around 8000-9000 BC, suggests that Neolithic people understood symbolism.

## Related pages

* Neolithic Revolution
* Palaeolithic
* Mesolithic
* Stone Age

## Other websites

* Neolithic Stone Tools and Artifacts—World Museum of Man Archived 2008-04-30 at the Wayback Machine
* Brutal lives of Stone Age Britons
* Vincha Neolithic Script
# 17th century

The **17th century** was the century from 1601 to 1700.

## Decades and years

Note: years before or after the 17th century are in *italics*.

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **1600s** | *1600* | 1601 | 1602 | 1603 | 1604 | 1605 | 1606 | 1607 | 1608 | 1609 |
| **1610s** | 1610 | 1611 | 1612 | 1613 | 1614 | 1615 | 1616 | 1617 | 1618 | 1619 |
| **1620s** | 1620 | 1621 | 1622 | 1623 | 1624 | 1625 | 1626 | 1627 | 1628 | 1629 |
| **1630s** | 1630 | 1631 | 1632 | 1633 | 1634 | 1635 | 1636 | 1637 | 1638 | 1639 |
| **1640s** | 1640 | 1641 | 1642 | 1643 | 1644 | 1645 | 1646 | 1647 | 1648 | 1649 |
| **1650s** | 1650 | 1651 | 1652 | 1653 | 1654 | 1655 | 1656 | 1657 | 1658 | 1659 |
| **1660s** | 1660 | 1661 | 1662 | 1663 | 1664 | 1665 | 1666 | 1667 | 1668 | 1669 |
| **1670s** | 1670 | 1671 | 1672 | 1673 | 1674 | 1675 | 1676 | 1677 | 1678 | 1679 |
| **1680s** | 1680 | 1681 | 1682 | 1683 | 1684 | 1685 | 1686 | 1687 | 1688 | 1689 |
| **1690s** | 1690 | 1691 | 1692 | 1693 | 1694 | 1695 | 1696 | 1697 | 1698 | 1699 |
| **1700s** | 1700 | *1701* | *1702* | *1703* | *1704* | *1705* | *1706* | *1707* | *1708* | *1709* |
# Saint Christopher

| Saint Christopher |
| --- |
| *St. Christopher Carrying the Christ Child*, by Peter Paul Rubens (AD 1612) |
| Martyr |
| Born | Unknown Canaan (Western accounts) or Marmarica (Eastern accounts) |
| Died | 251 Anatolia |
| Venerated in | * Roman Catholicism
* Eastern Orthodoxy
* Lutheranism
* Oriental Orthodoxy
* Anglicanism
 |
| Canonized | Pre-Congregation |
| Feast | * 24 July (German-speaking dioceses)
* 25 July (Latin Church)
* 9 May (Eastern Churches)
* 2 Parmouti (Coptic Church)
 |
| Attributes | tree, branch, as a giant or ogre, carrying the Christ child, spear, shield, as a dog-headed man |
| Patronage | athletics, bachelors, transportation (drivers, sailors, etc.), traveling (especially for long journeys), surfing, storms, Brunswick, Saint Christopher's Island (Saint Kitts), Island Rab, Vilnius, Havana, epilepsy, gardeners, toothache |

**Saint Christopher** is a legendary figure. He is honored as a Christian martyr and saint in some Christian churches.

These churches also regard him as the patron saint of travelers. According to the legends regarding Saint Christopher he was a big person who once carried the Christ child across a river. There are many artworks depicting Saint Christopher carrying Christ on his back.
# Neo-Impressionism

| *A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte* |
| --- |
|  |
| Artist | Georges Seurat |
| Year | 1884–1886 |
| Medium | Oil on canvas |
| Dimensions | 207.6 cm × 308 cm (81.7 in × 121.3 in) |
| Location | Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago |

**Neo-impressionism** is a term coined by a French art critic in 1886 to describe an art movement founded by Georges Seurat. Seurat’s greatest masterpiece, *A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte*, marked the beginning of this movement when it appeared at an exhibition of the *Société des Artistes Indépendants* in Paris.

Around this time, many painters were in search of new methods. Followers of neo-impressionism were drawn to modern urban scenes as well as landscapes and seashores. Science-based interpretation of lines and colours influenced neo-impressionists’ characterization of their own contemporary art.
Pointillism is often mentioned, because it was the dominant technique in the beginning of the movement.

The art critic Félix Fénéon first used the term neo-impressionism in an article he wrote for the Belgian journal *L’art Moderne* in 1886. With the term he wanted to show that the way Seurat painted was different from the ways painting was done in Impressionism. In total, the movement lasted about five years.
# Constructivism

Agitprop poster by Mayakovsky. translation: DO YOU WANT TO? JOIN
1. Do you want to conquer coldness?
2. Do you want to conquer hunger?
3. Do you want to eat?
4. Do you want to drink?
Hurry up to join the strike team of exemplary labor.
**Constructivism** was an artistic and architectural movement that originated in Russia from 1913 by Vladimir Tatlin onward which rejected the idea of *art for art's sake* in favour of art for social purposes. It heavily influenced graphic and industrial designers.

Constructivism as an active force lasted until around 1934, having a great deal of effect on the art of the Weimar Republic and elsewhere, before being replaced by Socialist Realism. Its motifs have sporadically recurred in other art movements since.

* Sculpture/fountain by Naum Gabo at Guy's and St Thomas's Hospital, London
* Naum Gabo sculpture, Rotterdam
# Retrofuturism

Retrofuturistic depiction of a flying locomotive, visually based on the Nebraska Zephyr, in a dieselpunk style reminiscent of the early 1940s
**Retrofuturism** (adjective *retrofuturistic*, *retrofuturist*, or *retrofuture*) is a creative and aesthetic style that combines futuristic themes with vintage or nostalgic elements from the past. It envisions how people in the past imagined the future, blending old-fashioned design, technology, and culture with futuristic ideas. This style often features sleek, shiny surfaces, bold colors, and imaginative interpretations of future technology, all inspired by visions from the early to mid-20th century, such as the 1920s, 1950s, or 1980s.

Retro-futurism became especially prevalent in the early 2020s in terms of culture, transport, architecture, and entertainment.

## Related pages

* Anachronism — Things that are out of place and time
* Cyberpunk — Science fiction subgenre set in futuristic dystopian worlds
* Frutiger Aero — Design style and Internet aesthetic
* Neo-futurism — Architectural and art movement and style
* Steampunk — Science fiction subgenre
# Christian art

*Supper at Emmaus*, 1601, by Caravaggio. Oil on canvas, 139 x 195 cm. National Gallery, London.
**Christian art** is an art form related to Christianity. There are a lot different definitions of it. Christian art is mainly defined by pieces that try to show or express the ideas of Christianity. Most Christian denominations or groups either use or have used art to some extent. Other groups, however, have do not like the idea of religious images, and there have been major periods of iconoclasm within Christianity. Images of Jesus and events from the Life of Christ are the most common subjects, and scenes from the Old Testament play a part in the art of most Christian groups. Images of the Virgin Mary and saints are less common in Protestant art than in Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox art.

## Related pages

* Art history
* Nativity scene