Rikunarita-ORG/Wikinium huggingface dataset:
# Coat of arms of Ukraine

The **coat of arms of Ukraine** (Ukrainian: Державний Герб України *Derzhavnyi Herb Ukraiyny*) is the national coat of arms of Ukraine, featuring the same colors found on the Ukrainian flag. It has a blue shield with a gold trident.

Ukraine adopted the small coat of arms on 19 February 1992. It is a part of the great coat of arms, as the Constitution of Ukraine says. But the Verkhovna Rada (Ukrainian parliament) has not approved it yet.

The trident became a national symbol in 1917, when Mykhailo Hrushevskyi (a Ukrainian historian and politician) suggested it. On 25 February 1918, the Central Rada (parliament) adopted trident, and it became the coat of arms of the Ukrainian People's Republic.

## *Tryzub*

Historians found the earlier symbols that is similar to trident. For example, Kyivan Rus seals are the earliest things to have a trident. Ukrainian trident is a modified cope of such.
# Jadwiga of Poland

Jadwiga Andegaweńska (Jan Matejko)
Jadwiga of Poland's tomb in the Wawel Cathedral **Jadwiga Andegaweńska'** (1374 – 1399) became the King of Poland on 16 October 1384 at the age of eleven. She was crowned as a king, not queen. Her royal title was:  *Hedvigis Dei Gracia Rex Poloniae, necnon terrarum Cracoviae, Sandomiriae, Syradiae, Lanciciae, Cuyaviae, Pomeraniaeque domina et heres,* (Jadwiga the grace of God, the Polish king, and heir to the land in Kraków, Sandomierz, Sieradz, Łęczyca, Kujawy and Pomerania). She was the daughter of Louis Hungarian, King of Poland and Hungary).

Jadwiga married a Lithuania Grand Duke, Jogaila (Władysław Jagiełło) on 18 February 1386. After her death during childbirth on 17 July 1399, her husband became the King Ladislaus II of Poland.

In 1997 she was made a saint by Pope John Paul II.
# World Trade Organization

Members   Members, dually represented by the EU   Observers   Non-members
The **World Trade Organization** (**WTO**) is a large international organization to regulate trade that was established in 1995. As of 2018, there are 164 members and 23 observer nations. In the WTO, agreements are made on trade between countries. The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) means that countries have to lower barriers to international trade, such as tariff on goods crossing borders. This lets businesses operate in many different countries.

## Member countries sign agreements

There are about 30 such agreements. Based on these agreements, the member countries trade with each other. They sell items to each other and follow a set of rules. They have to give a special job to the other country. The phrase used (for such and many alike items) is to give the other country a special job – this is known as to give the other country *a most favored country job*. From 2004, if a member sells any item to another member country, the same type of item should be offered to all other member countries.

While it is highly regarded, from its beginning the WTO has also received criticism.
# Corrective rape

**Corrective rape** (sometimes called **curative rape**) is a hate crime where a person is raped, because of their perceived sexual orientation. People claim to be able to "cure" homosexuals by raping them. Additionally, studies relying on convenience samples can result in higher rates of abuse, which have limited validity describing rates of abuse in the wider population. The people raping say that they can "correct" their orientation, to turn them heterosexual, or to make them "act" more in conformity with gender stereotypes. The term was coined in South Africa after well-known cases of corrective rapes of lesbians like Eudy Simelane and Zoliswa Nkonyana became public. There are many health problems associated with corrective rape, and although some countries have laws protecting LGBT people, corrective rape is often overlooked.

## Related pages

* Conversion therapy
* Hate crime
* Homophobia
# Douala

Statue in Douala
**Douala** is the largest city in the African country of Cameroon. It is the capital city of Littoral Region.

The city is placed near the Wouri River. Its population is about 2,000,000 people. The first European people who came to Douala were from Portugal. They found Duala in about 1472. Before 1884 it was named **Cameroons Town**. In 1884 German people came to Duala and changed its name to **Kamarunstadt** ("Camaroon City") and made it the capital of German Kamerun. In 1907 its name was changed to Duala. It became the capital of French Cameroons in 1919. From 1940 to 1946, it was the capital of Cameroon.

Duala is an expensive city. It ranked 24th most expensive city of the world in 2007.

## Transport

Douala is linked by rail to Yaoundé, Ngaoundéré, Kumba and Nkongsamba. The largest port and the most important airport in Cameron are both in Douala.

## Other websites

* Image of Douala from Google Earth
# Embezzlement

**Embezzlement** is the theft or misappropriating of funds or assets belonging to a company or government. It is the misusing of property lawfully entrusted to a person who then converts it for his or her own use. Accounting embezzlement is hiding the theft of funds by the manipulation of accounting records. Embezzlement is most commonly a corporate crime.

There are many different ways to embezzle funds. "Skimming off the top" is when a person continually takes a small amount over a period of time. Someone may disappear after taking a large amount of funds. Managers may steal money by under-reporting income and keeping the unreported funds.

The US Internal Revenue Service requires the reporting of all income when a person files their income tax forms. Failure to include embezzled funds in their gross income can bring charges of tax evasion by the IRS. This is in addition to any other jurisdictions criminal charges of embezzlement.
# Amadou Toumani Touré

| Amadou Toumani Touré |
| --- |
|  |
|  |
| 3rd President of Mali |
| **In office** 8 June 2002 – 22 March 2012 |
| Prime Minister | Ahmed Mohamed ag Hamani Ousmane Issoufi Maïga Modibo Sidibé Cissé Mariam Kaïdama Sidibé |
| Preceded by | Alpha Oumar Konaré |
| Succeeded by | Amadou Sanogo (Chairperson of the National Committee for the Restoration of Democracy and State) |
| **In office** 26 March 1991 – 8 June 1992 |
| Prime Minister | Soumana Sacko |
| Preceded by | Moussa Traoré |
| Succeeded by | Alpha Oumar Konaré |
|  |
| Personal details |
| Born | (1948-11-04)4 November 1948 Mopti, French Sudan (now Mali) |
| Died | 10 November 2020(2020-11-10) (aged 72) Istanbul, Turkey |
| Political party | Independent |
| Spouse(s) | Lobbo Traore |
| Military service |
| Branch/service | Army |

General (ret) **Amadou Toumani Touré** (November 4, 1948 – November 10, 2020) was the president of Mali. He took power from a military ruler, Moussa Traoré in 1991, then he gave power to civilian (non-military) authorities in 1992. He won the presidential election in 2002. He won the next election easily in 2007. He was born in Mopti, Mali.

Touré died on November 10, 2020 in Istanbul, Turkey just one week after his 72nd birthday.
# Abdulla Aripov

| Abdulla Aripov Abdulla Oripov Абдулла Арипов |
| --- |
| Aripov in 2019 |
|  |
| Prime Minister of Uzbekistan |
| **Incumbent** |
| **Assumed office**  14 December 2016 |
| President | Shavkat Mirziyoyev |
| First Deputy | Ochilboy Ramatov |
| Preceded by | Shavkat Mirziyoyev |
| Deputy Prime Minister of Uzbekistan |
| **In office** 12 September 2016 – 14 December 2016Serving with Rustam Azimov |
| Prime Minister | Shavkat Mirziyoyev |
| Preceded by | Ergash Shoismatov |
| Succeeded by | Achilbay Ramatov |
| **In office** 30 May 2002 – August 2012Serving with Rustam Azimov, Achilbay Ramatov, Zoyir Mirzaev, Gulomjon Ibragimov |
| Prime Minister | O‘tkir Sultonov Shavkat Mirziyoyev |
| Succeeded by | Ergash Shoismatov |
|  |
| Personal details |
| Born |  (1961-05-24) 24 May 1961 Tashkent, Uzbek SSR, Soviet Union (now Uzbekistan) |
| Nationality | Uzbekistani |
| Political party | Liberal Democratic Party |
| Alma mater | Tashkent University of Information Technologies |

**Abdulla Nigmatovich Aripov** (Uzbek: Abdulla Nigʻmatovich Oripov, Russian: Абдулла Нигматович Арипов; born 24 May 1961) is an Uzbekistani politician. He is the Prime Minister of Uzbekistan, in office since 14 December 2016. Aripov is a member of the Uzbekistan Liberal Democratic Party. He was Deputy Prime Minister from 2002 to 2012 and again in 2016.
# June 2017 London Bridge attack

| 2017 London Bridge attack |
| --- |
| Part of Islamic terrorism in Europe and terrorism in the United Kingdom |
| London Bridge at night in 2013 |
| **London BridgeBorough Market**June 2017 London Bridge attack (City of London)Show map of City of London**Borough Market**June 2017 London Bridge attack (Greater London)Show map of Greater London**Borough Market**June 2017 London Bridge attack (the United Kingdom)Show map of the United Kingdom |
| Location | London Bridge and Borough Market area, London, United Kingdom |
| Date | 3 June 2017 (2017-06-03) 22:06–22:16 (BST) |
| Attack type | Vehicle-ramming attack, stabbing |
| Weapons | Van, ceramic knives, glass bottle (only used once by Khuram Butt, during a fight against PC Tchorzewski) |
| Deaths | 11 (including all 3 perpetrators) |
| Injured | 48 (21 critically) |
| Perpetrators | Khuram Shazad Butt Rachid Redouane Youssef Zaghba |
| Motive | Islamist extremism |

On 3 June 2017, starting at 21:58 British Summer Time (UTC+1), three people carried out a terrorist attack in two locations in central London. The attack began when a white van rammed pedestrians on London Bridge. The van drove on and stopped south of the bridge. Three men left the van and ran to Borough Market, where stabbing attacks took place in restaurants. One witness reported that the attackers shouted "This is for Allah" and stabbed customers with knives.

Ten people (including three attackers) were killed and 48 injured in the attack. Three suspects wearing fake explosive vests were shot dead by police.

The Metropolitan Police declared the London Bridge and Borough Market attacks to be "terrorist incidents".

On 4 June, the Home Secretary Amber Rudd said, "We are confident about the fact that they were radical Islamic terrorists, the way they were inspired, and we need to find out more about where this radicalisation came from." On 5 June, two of the attackers were identified as Khuram Shazad Butt and Rachid Redouane. The third of the three attackers, Youssef Zaghba was identified the following day.

## Related pages

* 2019 London Bridge stabbing
# Playwright

William Shakespeare, one of the most acclaimed dramtists of history.
A **playwright** is a person who writes plays for the stage. Because the name of such a text is *drama*, sometimes, dramas are written to be read and not played. In that case, they are called *closet dramas*.

The word *wright* does not come from write. It is an ancient English term for a builder. For example, a *wheelwright* makes wheels. In a similar way, a playwright makes plays. When the term was first used, it was meant as an insult. Today it has lost this meaning.

## History

The first playwrights in Western literature whose plays still exist were the Ancient Greeks. They were written around the 5th century BC. These playwrights are important as they wrote in a way that is still used by modern playwrights. Important among them are Aeschylus, Sophocles, Euripides, and Aristophanes.

The most famous playwright may be William Shakespeare. A lot of later work is based on his tragedies and comedies. For example, *Kiss Me, Kate* is based on Shakespeare's *The Taming of the Shrew*, and his *Romeo and Juliet* has been made again many times. Tom Stoppard created the play *Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead* in 1966 which is a modern adaptation of *Hamlet*.

## Modern playwrights

Modern playwrights are usually less famous than past playwrights. Since television and movies were invented, theater has become less popular. Because it is less popular, not as many tickets are sold now, and producers often do not have enough money to make plays, and many playwrights are not known.
# Pope Clement XII

| Pope Clement XII |
| --- |
| Bishop of Rome |
| Portrait by Agostino Masucci, c. 1730–40 |
| Church | Catholic Church |
| Papacy began | 12 July 1730 |
| Papacy ended | 6 February 1740 |
| Predecessor | Benedict XIII |
| Successor | Benedict XIV |
| Previous post(s) | * Titular Archbishop of Nicomedia (1690–1706)
* Cardinal-Priest of Santa Susanna (1706–1720)
* Cardinal-Priest of San Pietro in Vincoli (1720–1725)
* Cardinal-Bishop of Frascati (1725–1730)
 |
| Orders |
| Consecration | 18 June 1690 by Flavio Chigi |
| Created cardinal | 17 May 1706 by Clement XI |
| Personal details |
| Born | Lorenzo Corsini (1652-04-07)7 April 1652 Florence, Grand Duchy of Tuscany |
| Died | 6 February 1740(1740-02-06) (aged 87) Rome, Papal States |
| Motto | Dabis discernere inter malum et bonum (Distinguish between good and evil) |
| Signature |  |
| Coat of arms |  |
| Other popes named Clement |

**Pope Clement XII** (born **Lorenzo Corsini**; 7 April 1652 – 6 February 1740) was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 12 July 1730 to his death in February 1740.

Clement was known for expanding the Basilica of Saint John Lateran, beginning the construction of the Trevi Fountain, and buying Cardinal Alessandro Albani's collection of art for the papal gallery. His first moves as Pope Clement XII were to give back the papal finances.

Clement XII died on 6 February 1740 from problems caused by gout. His remains were transferred to his tomb in the Basilica of Saint John Lateran on 20 July 1742.
# Lieutenant colonel

Lt. Colonel rank insignia for US Army, Air Force and Marines
**Lieutenant colonel**  is a rank of commissioned officer in the armies, most marine forces and some air forces of the world. It typically ranks above a major and below a colonel. The rank of lieutenant colonel is often shortened to simply "colonel" in conversation and in unofficial correspondence. A lieutenant colonel is typically in charge of a battalion in the army.
# Allman Brothers Band

| The Allman Brothers Band |
| --- |
|  |
| Background information |
| Origin | Jacksonville, Florida, U.S.A. |
| Genres | Southern rock, blues rock, folk rock, hard rock, blues |
| Years active | 1969–1976, 1978–1982, 1989–present |
| Labels | Capricorn, PolyGram, Arista, Epic, Sanctuary |
|  |
| Members | Gregg Allman Butch Trucks Jai Johanny "Jaimoe" Johanson Warren Haynes Marc Quiñones Oteil Burbridge Derek Trucks |
|  |
| Past member(s) | Duane Allman Dickey Betts Berry Oakley Chuck Leavell Lamar Williams Dan Toler David Goldflies David "Frankie" Toler Mike Lawler Allen Woody Johnny Neel Jack Pearson Jimmy Herring |
| Website | www.allmanbrothersband.com |

**The Allman Brothers Band** were an American southern rock band in the 1970s. It originally formed in 1969 with Duane Allman (slide guitar), Gregg Allman (vocals, organ), Dickey Betts (guitar), Berry Oakley (bass guitar), Butch Trucks (drums) and Jai Johanny "Jaimoe" Johanson (drums).

In 1971, soon after their first album went gold, Duane and Berry were killed in separate motorcycle accidents in the group's hometown of Macon, Georgia. The group still released more albums and songs, most notably *Ramblin' Man* and *Jessica*, which were their biggest hits. *Rolling Stone* ranked them 52nd on their list of the 100 Greatest Artists of All Time in 2004. The band is still touring as of 2008.

## Discography

Studio albums
* *The Allman Brothers Band* (1969)
* *Idlewild South* (1970)
* *At Fillmore East* (1971)
* *Eat a Peach* (1972)
* *Brothers and Sisters* (1973)
* *Win, Lose or Draw* (1975)
* *Enlightened Pogues* (1979)
* *Reach for the Sky* (1980)
* *Brothers of the Road* (1981)
* *Seven Turns* (1990)
* *Shades of Two Worlds* (1991)
* *Where it All Begins* (1994)
* *Peakin' at the Beacon* (2000)
* *Hittin' the Note* (2003)

## Other websites

* Official Allman Brothers' website
* The Allman Brothers Band Archived 2010-03-27 at the Wayback Machine at RollingStone.com
# Suicide Blonde

| "Suicide Blonde" |
| --- |
| Single by INXS |
| from the album  *X*  |
| B-side | "Everybody Wants U Tonight" |
| Released | 22 August 1990 (1990-08-22) |
| Length | 3:53 |
| Label | * WEA
* Mercury
* Atlantic
 |
| Songwriter(s) | * Andrew Farriss
* Michael Hutchence
 |
| Producer(s) | Chris Thomas |
| INXS singles chronology |
|

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| "Mystify" (1989) | "**Suicide Blonde**" (1990) | "Disappear" (1990) |

 |

"**Suicide Blonde**" is the lead single by Australian rock new wave band INXS and taken from their seventh studio album X. It went to number 1 in Canada and New Zealand, number 2 in Australia, number 3 in Ireland, number 9 in the United States and number 11 in the United Kingdom.

## Track listings

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
| **7-inch and cassette single**1. "Suicide Blonde" – 3:55
2. "Everybody Wants U Tonight" – 5:08

**UK CD single**1. "Suicide Blonde" (7-inch version)
2. "Suicide Blonde" (Demolition mix)
3. "Everybody Wants U Tonight"
4. "Suicide Blonde" (7-inch Nik mix)

  | **US maxi-CD single**1. "Suicide Blonde" (7-inch mix) – 3:54
2. "Suicide Blonde" (Earth mix) – 5:39
3. "Suicide Blonde" (Devastation mix) – 6:19
4. "Suicide Blonde" (Milk mix) – 5:40
5. "Suicide Blonde" (Demolition mix) – 6:53
6. "Everybody Wants U Tonight" – 5:09
 |
# Holy Wars... The Punishment Due

| "Holy Wars... The Punishment Due" |
| --- |
| Single by Megadeth |
| from the album  *Rust in Peace*  |
| Released | September 23, 1990 (1990-09-23) |
| Genre | Thrash metal |
| Length | 6:32 |
| Label | Capitol Records |
| Songwriter(s) | Dave Mustaine |

"**Holy Wars... The Punishment Due**", or "**Holy Wars**", is a song by American thrash metal band Megadeth. It was released in 1990. It is the first song on the band's fourth studio album, *Rust in Peace*.
# Mandy Capristo

| Mandy Capristo |
| --- |
|  |
| Background information |
| Birth name | Mandy Grace Capristo |
| Also known as | Mandy Capristo |
| Born |  (1990-03-21) March 21, 1990 Mannheim, Germany |
| Genres | Pop |
| Occupation(s) | musician, Singer-songwriter, model, presenter, dancer |
| Years active | 2006–present |
| Labels | Starwatch, Emi Music |
| Website | Mandycapristo.de |

**Mandy Grace Capristo** (born March 21, 1990 in Mannheim) is a German pop singer-songwriter, model, presenter, and dancer. She was known as a singer of the band Monrose.

## Biography

Mandy Capristo grew up in Bürstadt, Hesse. Her father is of Italian origin. Her mother Carmen is German. She has an older brother. She got her love of dancing and singing from her mother. In her late childhood, her parents split up.

Capristo had 6 years of ballet, gymnastics, dance lessons and piano lessons. At school, she appeared for the first time on a bigger stage with the musical *Dracula*. when she was 11, her teacher suggested that she apply for the Kiddy Contest in Austria. 2001 she won the contest with the song "Ich wünsche mir einen Bankomat". After that she appeared in TV shows like *Tabaluga* and *1, 2 or 3*. The album got to number one in the Austrian charts.

### 2006: Popstars and the band Monrose

Capristo applied for the show *Popstars* when she was sixteen. Finally, in 2006 she was elected in the final by a telephone vote in addition to Bahar Kizil and Senna Guemmour of the band Monrose. They had seven top ten hits in the charts. Their previous albums were also successful.

### 2007-2010: Work as model

2007, readers of the German edition of *FHM* men's magazine chose Capristo as number 10 of the 100 Sexiest Women in the World. In August 2007 she was on the cover of the magazine. This success earned her the first jobs as a model. In 2009 she topped the 100 Sexiest Women in the World. In addition she posed again in the June 2010 issue of German men's magazine *FHM*.

### 2011: Solo projects

When the Band Monrose split up in 2011, Capristo continued her solo projects. She was the face of the cosmetics brand BeYu. She worked on her own album. Capristo presented at the BeYu fair two songs with titles "Overrated" and "Be You". She also worked with Peter Maffay. They recorded the song "Die Zeit hält nur in Träumen" and presented the new one at *Wetten, dass...?* (a German TV-show).

In March 2012 Mandy announced that her new single "The Way I Like it" would appear on 13 April. The album carries her second name, Grace. Other titles are "Overrated", "Hurricane" and "It do not matter" The songwriter of "The Way I Like it" is called David Jost, who also produced Tokio Hotel and Keri Hilson.
# Stećak

| Stećak |
| --- |
| Stećak in Radimlja necropolis |
|  |
|
UNESCO World Heritage Site |
| *Official name: Stećci Medieval Tombstones Graveyards* |
| Type | Cultural |
| Criteria | iii, vi |
| Designated | 2016 (40th session) |
| Reference no. | 1504 |
| State Party |  Bosnia and Herzegovina  Croatia  Montenegro  Serbia |
| Region | Europe and North America |
|  |

**Stećak** (Стећак, [stetɕak]; plural: **Stećci**, Стећци, [stetɕtsi]) are monumental tombstones made in medieval Bosnia.

## History

The Stecci are relared to the Vlachs who lived in the Dinaric Alps of Herzegovina since the Middle Ages. Most of the Stecci were created after the X century and until the Turk invasion of the Balkans. According to the scholar Wenzel the Stecci are the clear evidence of the existence of a romance territory in the area between Italy and Romania, that now has disappeared.

## Data

The tombstones are mostly in Bosnia and Herzegovina with a smaller amount in the border area of Croatia, Montenegro and Serbia. About 60,000 are found within the territory of the modern Bosnia and Herzegovina. The rest of 10,000 are found in what are today Croatia (4,400), Montenegro (3,500), and Serbia (4,100). The stećak are at more than 3,300 odd sites with over 90% in poor condition.