Rikunarita-ORG/Wikinium huggingface dataset:
# Methodism

Methodist church in Johor, Malaysia.
**Methodism**, or the **Methodist** movement, is a group of Protestant denominations. The movement started in Britain in the 18th century and spread to the United States and the British Empire. Originally it was popular with workers, poor farmers, and slaves. Mr. John Wesley started Methodism. He was a priest of the Church of England. His brother Charles Wesley was a famous writer of Church music.

There are many Christians that trace their roots to the Wesley brothers. Many Churches have the word Methodist as part of their name, but others do not. Some of the churches which came from the Wesley movement are Nazarenes, Churches of God, Pentecostals, Holiness, and the Salvation Army. Many of these groups do good things to help people in addition to telling them about salvation from their sins. They start hospitals and schools and work with homeless and poor people.

## What the name means

John and Charles Wesley, and some other students at Oxford University started a "holy club". They used some methods to grow in Christian faith. These were prayer, Bible study, observing the Lord's supper, and helping poor people and prisoners. Other students laughed at them for their devotion. They called them "methodists" because of their methods. The members of the club took the name for themselves.

## Methodist Beliefs

Methodists differ from other denominations in some beliefs. They are usually Arminian in their teachings about salvation. This means that they teach that anyone can choose to believe in Jesus. This is because of God's grace in making Himself known to all. This is also called "free will" teaching. Methodists differ from Baptists because Methodists baptize both babies and adults. They differ from Catholics and other conservative groups by allowing women to be pastors. Methodists tend to accept those whose beliefs are not exactly the same as theirs on less important things. The most important Methodist beliefs are listed in the 25 Articles of Religion. They also use the sermons of John Wesley to define their faith.

## Methodist organization

Because they came from the Anglican Church, most Methodists are in churches that are connectional. That means the individual churches are joined with other Methodist churches and have bishops to lead them. However, between 2019 and 2024 many Methodist churches left the United Methodist Church and thousands of them became independent. Many others joined a new denomination, the Global Methodist Church.

The separation was mainly about different understandings of the Bible and human sexuality. A few of the more progressive churches left the UMC, but most of those leaving were traditional and left to be able to continue to keep their past beliefs.

## Related pages

* George Whitefield

## Other websites

* United Methodist Church website
* Global Methodist Church website
* Free Methodist Church website
# Fundamentalist Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints

The Temple of the Church, in Eldorado
The **Fundamentalist Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints** (FLDS) is a religious group. It broke from the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, a Mormon movement, in the 19th or early 20th century. In 1890, the Latter-Day Saints stopped accepting polygamy.

A few people who believed polygamy was an important part of their religion started the new church. They taught that a man needs more than one wife to be able to get to heaven.

It is believed the church had about 10,000 members in 2009. These live in the sister cities of Hildale, Utah and Colorado City, Arizona; as well as Eldorado, Texas; Westcliffe, Colorado; Mancos, Colorado; Creston and Bountiful, British Columbia; and Pringle, South Dakota.

## In the news

The church has been in the news because its leader, Warren Steed Jeffs was arrested in southern Nevada in August 2006. Jeffs was arrested because he was accused of rape and molestation. At the time, Jeffs was on the FBI's Ten Most-Wanted list.

There has been another incident in 2008.
Beginning April 4, 2008, over a four-day period, troopers and child welfare officials searched the church's ranch. They took 416 children into the temporary custody of the State of Texas. Originally officials from the Texas Department of Family and Protective Services took 18 girls into temporary custody of the state. They acted because of a phone call from the ranch- it looks like a 16-year-old girl called the police to report she had been raped. She also said she had been married at age 15 to a 49-year-old man, Dale Evans Barlow. On the following day, Judge Barbara Walther of the 51st District Court issued an order authorizing officials to remove all children, including boys, 17 years old and under out of the compound. The children were being held by the Child Protective Services 45 miles away, north of the ranch. 133 women also voluntarily left the ranch with the children. The 16-year-old girl who alerted the authorities could not be located at the time of the raid. It looks like the call was made by a woman in her thirties, who gave a false identity. This woman is known by local police, as she has done similar things before. The woman was arrested for making the call (that triggered the raid) in April.
# American Jews

American Jews| Canadian and American Jews as percentage of population by state/province |
| Total population |
| **7,150,000** |
| Regions with significant populations |
| New York metropolitan area, Greater Los Angeles, Baltimore-Washington, Chicagoland, Cleveland, Miami, Philadelphia area, San Francisco Bay Area, Atlanta Area, Greater Boston, Saint Louis Area |
|  United States | 7,600,000 |
|  Israel | 300,000 |
| Languages |
| * American English
* Yiddish
* Hebrew (Modern Hebrew)
* Aramaic (Judeo-Aramaic)
* Farsi
* Spanish (Ladino)
* French
* Amharic
* Tigrinya
* German
* Russian
* Ukrainian
* Polish
* Arabic (Judeo-Arabic)
* Berber (Judeo-Berber)
* List of Jewish languages
* and Various other languages
 |
| Religion |
| Judaism (35% Reform, 18% Conservative, 10% Orthodox, 6% others, 30% Non-denomination), irreligious, atheists, etc. |
| Related ethnic groups |
| Israeli Americans  |

**American Jews**, or **Jewish Americans**, are Americans who are Jews, whether by religion or ethnicity.
# Longhouse Religion

Onondaga longhouse on the Six Nations Reservation in the early 1900s
**Longhouse Religion** is a religious movement of the Iroquois people. It is also called **The Code of Handsome Lake** or  **Gaihwi:io** (*Good Message*). The Seneca prophet Handsome Lake (Sganyodaiyoˀ) founded the movement. The movement combines traditional Iroquois religion and Christianity. There are ceremonies in Longhouses. Handsome Lake claims that spirits visited him. He recovered from an illness and stopped drinking alcohol. In the movement, he told Natives not to be drunk, be lazy or cheat on their spouses. Handsome Lake preached moral conduct. Natives supported the movement. They liked that the movement kept traditional Native values. Some opposed the new movement. They thought it went against traditional Native values and was too Christian.

## Related pages

* Handsome Lake
* Iroquois
* Northeastern Woodlands
# Azusa Street Revival

The **Azusa Street Revival** was a revival meeting that took place on April 14, 1906. William J. Seymour had led it - he was an African-American preacher. This meeting was historic because it played an important role in the spread of Pentecostalism in the 20th century.
# Siouan languages

| Siouan |
| --- |
| Geographic distribution | central North America |
| Linguistic classification | (specify language family under 'fam1' or 'family')* **Siouan**
 |
| Language codes |
| ISO 639-2 / 5 | ``sio`` |
|  |

The **Siouan languages** (also known as **Siouan proper** or **Western Siouan**) are a group of Native American languages. The Siouan languages are spoken in central North America.
# Seminole

Seminole| yat'siminoli |
| --- |
| Total population |
| est. 18,600 Seminole Nation of Oklahoma 15,572 enrolled Seminole Tribe of Florida 4,000 enrolled Miccosukee Tribe of Indians of Florida 400 enrolled |
| Regions with significant populations |
| United States ( Oklahoma and  Florida) |
| Languages |
| English, Mikasuki, Creek |
| Religion |
| Protestant, Catholic, Green Corn Ceremony |
| Related ethnic groups |
| Miccosukee, Choctaw, Muscogee (Creek), Mascogos  |

The **Seminole** are a group of Native American people from Florida in the Southeastern Woodlands. Today, many Seminole people live in different groups across Florida and Oklahoma. Their tribes are the Seminole Nation of Oklahoma, Seminole Tribe of Florida, and Miccosukee Tribe of Indians of Florida.

## History

The Seminole Nation began in the 18th century, when many groups of Native Americans came together in Florida. Much of Seminole culture comes from the Muscogee (Creek) people from Georgia and Alabama, who made up a large part of the Seminole Nation when it was formed. The name "Seminole" comes the word for "runaway" in the Muscogee language, which many Seminole people spoke.

The Seminole developed an independent identity over a period of time in the 18th and 19th Centuries. During this time they traded with British and Spanish colonists who were living in Florida. Many free blacks and escaped slaves settled near Seminole land and paid tributes to the Seminole tribe. These people later became known as "Black Seminoles."

After the American Revolutionary War, many Americans tried to move into Seminole land. This created conflict leading to the Seminole Wars (1818-1858).
# Spokane Native Americans

Spokane| Sqeliz |
| --- |
| Total population |
| 2,708 |
| Regions with significant populations |
|  United States ( Washington) |
| Languages |
| English, Spokan or Spokane language (dialect of Kalispel-Pend d'Oreille language) |
| Religion |
| Dreamer Faith, traditional tribal religion, Christianity |
| Related ethnic groups |
| Bitterroot Salish, Coeur D'Alene, Kootenai, Pend d'Oreilles, and other Interior Salish tribes  |

The **Spokan** or **Spokane** people are a Native American tribe. They live in the eastern part of present-day Washington state and parts of northern Idaho in the United States of America.

The current **Spokane Indian Reservation** is in northeastern Washington, centered at Wellpinit (Sčecuwe). The reservation is almost entirely in Stevens County. However, it also includes two small bits of land (totaling about 1.52 acres [0.62 ha]) in Lincoln County. This includes part of the Spokane River. In total, the reservation is about 615 square kilometres (237 sq mi).

The city of Spokane, Washington (Sʎˈetkʷ) is named after the tribe. It grew along the Spokane River, within the historic ancestral land of the tribe, but not in the reservation.

* Clark, Ella. *Indian Legends of the Pacific Northwest.* Berkeley: University of California Press, 1953. Print.
* Fisher, Andrew H. "Dreamer Cult." *Encyclopedia of American Indian History.* Ed. Bruce E. Johansen and Barry M. Pritzker. Vol. 2. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2008. 380-381. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 23 May 2016.
* Pritzker, Barry M. *A Native American Encyclopedia: History, Culture, and Peoples.* Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000. ISBN 978-0-19-513877-1.
* Pritzker, Barry M. "Spokanes." *The Encyclopedia of North American Indian Wars, 1607-1890: A Political, Social, and Military History.* Ed. Spencer C. Tucker, James Arnold, and Roberta Wiener. Vol. 2. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2011. 752-753. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 23 May 2016.
* Ruby, Robert H and Brown, John A. *The Spokane Indians: Children of the Sun.* Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1970. Print.
* Spokane Reservation, WashingtonArchived 2007-10-22 at the Wayback Machine United States Census Bureau

## Other websites

* Spokane Tribe of Indians, official site
* History and Culture, presented in the Website of the Wellpinit School District
* Spokane Tribe of Indians Language Program
* "Spokan Indians" . *Catholic Encyclopedia*. New York: Robert Appleton Company. 1913.
* *The Spokan Indians*, by John Alan Ross, published 2011, ISBN 978-0-9832311-0-3, the definitive ethnography
* Spokane Salish Blog
# Pomo

The **Pomo** were a Native American tribe who lived in what is now Northern California by the Russian River. Pomo is a language family that includes seven languages, including Northern Pomo, Northeastern Pomo, Eastern Pomo, Southeastern Pomo, and Kashaya. The pomo tribe were hunters and gatherers. The men hunted meat and fish, while the women and the children gathered nuts and berries. The Pomo villages might have had as few as 100 or more than 1,500. They wove finely crafted baskets and sometimes decorated them with feathers and shell beads.
# West Indian Americans

Caribbean Americans| Total population |
| --- |
| 13 million (about 4% of total U.S. population) |
| Regions with significant populations |
| mainly in the metropolitan area of New York and Miami, to a lesser degree Orlando, Tampa, Boston, Philadelphia, Washington and Atlanta, among others.  Majority in the states of New York, Florida, New Jersey, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, Connecticut, Maryland and Georgia and the U.S. territories of Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands.  Smaller populations in Texas, California, Illinois, Ohio, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Louisiana and Rhode Island.  |
| Languages |
| American English, English-based creole languages (Jamaican Creole, Jamaican Patois, Trinidadian Creole, Tobagonian Creole, Bajan Creole, Sranan Tongo, Virgin Islands Creole, etc.), French, French-based creole languages (Haitian Creole, Antillean Creole), Spanish |
| Religion |
| Predominantly: Christianity, Hinduism, Islam
Minority: Yoruba, Rastafari, Traditional African Religion, Afro-American religions, Amerindian Religion, Buddhism, Judaism, Jainism, Baháʼí, East Asian religions |
| Related ethnic groups |
| Taíno, Arawak, English, French, Dutch, German, Asian, Caribbean Canadians, Black Canadians, Black British  |

Caribbean born Populations, 1960-2009| Year | Number |
| --- | --- |
| 1960 | 193,922 |
| 1970 | 675,108 |
| 1980 | 1,258,363 |
| 1990 | 1,938,348 |
| 2000 | 2,953,066 |
| 2009 | 3,465,890 |

**West Indian Americans** or **Caribbean Americans** are Americans who can trace their ancestry to the Caribbean, unless they are of native descent. As of 2016, about 13 million — about 4% of the total U.S. population — have Caribbean ancestry.
# Virgin Islands Americans

**Stateside Virgin Islands Americans** are West Indian Americans who hold US citizenship and who have migrated from the U.S. Virgin Islands to the continental United States and Hawaii, and their descendants.
# Dominican Americans

Dominican Americans|  |
| Total population |
| 2.08 million (2018) |
| Regions with significant populations |
|  New York | 674,787 |
|  New Jersey | 197,922 |
|  Florida | 172,451 |
|  Massachusetts | 103,292 |
| Languages |
| American English, Dominican Spanish |
| Religion |
| Roman Catholicism |

**Dominican Americans** are American of Dominican ancestry. Dominicans are the fourth largest Hispanic immigrant group in the United States, after Mexicans, Salvadorans, and Cubans. 60% of Dominican immigrants live in New York and New Jersey.

## Other websites

* Dominican americans
* Facts on Hispanics of Dominican origin in the United States, 2017 Archived 2022-11-10 at the Wayback Machine
# Puerto Rican

A **Puerto Rican** is a person from Puerto Rico or anyone who is descended from some one who was originally from Puerto Rico. Puerto Ricans are American citizens, even though Puerto Rico is only a territory of the United States and not an official state. People from Puerto Rico can also be known as a "Boricua," "Borinquen," "Puertoriqueño," or the most known slang of "Boricua."

The name of "Boricua," and "Borinqueños" came from the island's original name of *Boriken*, meaning *Land of the Brave People*. This name was created by the Taino-Arawak people, who were highly advanced. Taino-Arawak ancestors date back to 4,000 B.C.

## Famous Puerto Ricans

* Marc Anthony, singer
* Giannina Braschi, poet, novelist
* Neil deGrasse Tyson, scientist
* Jennifer Lopez, singer, actress
* Ricky Martin, singer, activist
* René Marqués, playwright
* Lin-Manuel Miranda, creator of Broadway musicals
* Sonia Sotomayor, Supreme Court judge
# Peruvian Americans

Peruvian Americans
Peruanoestadounidenses|  |
| President Pedro Pablo Kuczynski, a Peruvian American, meets with US President Donald Trump in the Oval Office in 2017. |
| Total population |
| **684,345** (2018)
 0.21% of the U.S. population (2018) |
| Regions with significant populations |
| * New Jersey
* New York City
* Miami
* Greater Los Angeles
* Washington Metropolitan Area
 |
| Languages |
| * American English
* Peruvian Spanish
* Aymara and Quechua
 |
| Religion |
| * Major Roman Catholicism
 |
| Related ethnic groups |
| Peruvians, Ecuadorian Americans, Colombian Americans, Bolivian Americans, Hispanic and Latino Americans  |

**Peruvian Americans** are Americans of Peruvian descent. Most Peruvian Americans are of Amerindian or Mestizo ancestry, but there are also those of European or African background, and a significant number may also have partial or full Chinese or Japanese heritage.
# Faroese Americans

Faroese Americans|
 |
| Languages |
| English, Faroese |
| Related ethnic groups |
| Danes, Danish Americans, Greenlanders, Greenlandic Americans, Danish Canadians, Danish Australians, Scandinavian Americans, Norwegian Americans, European Americans |

**Faroese Americans** are Americans of Faroese descent or Faroe Islands-born people who reside in the United States. The Faroe Islands are a group of eighteen islands between Iceland and Norway, and they are a part of the Kingdom of Denmark. There are approximately 50,000 Faroese people living in the Faroe Islands today. It is not known how many Faroese Americans there are.
# Swedish Americans

Swedish Americans
*svenskamerikaner*|  |
| Total population |
| **4,754,7031.4% of the US population** (2009) |
| Regions with significant populations |
| Most Prevalent in the Midwestern United States Plurality in Minnesota, Wisconsin, Delaware, Pennsylvania, The Dakotas, California, Iowa, Michigan, Washington, New York, the Pacific Northwest, Illinois, New England, New Jersey, and Massachusetts |
| Languages |
| American English, Swedish |
| Religion |
| Predominantly Lutheranism, Church of Sweden, Protestantism, Catholicism, Mormonism. |
| Related ethnic groups |
| Swedes, Swedish Britons, Swedish Canadians, Swedish Australians, Scandinavian Americans, Danish Americans, Norwegian Americans, Icelandic Americans  |

In May 1927, Charles Lindbergh performed the first solo-flight across the Atlantic Ocean. The aeroplane was called Spirit of Saint Louis.
A **Swedish American** (Swedish: *svenskamerikan*) is an American person of Swedish descent. They usually came from the great migration from Sweden to the United States in the 19th century. Many of them settled in Minnesota.

## Famous Swedish-Americans

* John Ericsson, engineer
* Greta Garbo, movie actress
* Charles Lindbergh, aviator
* Claes Oldenburg, artist

## Other websites

 Media related to American people of Swedish descent at Wikimedia Commons
# Arab Americans

Map of Arab Americans by U.S. state.
**Arab Americans** are Americans who have Arab ancestory. There over 3.5 million Arab Americans.

Most Arab Americans live in New York, California, Florida, Michigan, and Texas. At least 1.6% of people in Michigan are Arab Americans.

According to the Arab American Institute, 61% of Arabs are Christians, 25% are Muslim, and 12% follow Judaism the religion Of Jewish people or are not religious at all.

## Notable people

* Elias James Corey, winner of the 1990 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.::.
* Omar M. Yaghi, chemist.::.
* Steve Jobs; founder of Apple Inc.Businessman; Entrepreneur and Inventor.::.
* Tony Shalhoub, actor.::.
* Kahlil Gibran, writer and poet.::.
* Rashida Tlaib, politician.::.
* Toni Breidinger, racing driver and model.::.

## Related pages

* Islam in Europe

## Other websites

* 2000 U.S. Census Report on the Arab-American population
* Arab American Content Portal
# Ethnic groups of the United States

Most common ancestries in each U.S. state, according to the 2010 U.S. Census.
  German   African American
  Mexican   Italian
  American   English
  Irish   Japanese
  Puerto Rican
This map shows the most common ethnic groups in each county of the United States
Top ancestries in the United States
There are many different and diverse ethnic groups in the United States. Most people in the United States have ancestors who came from somewhere else, often from multiple places. Some people say their ancestry is "American"; often these are people from the Southern United States whose families have been living in America since before the American Revolution, however their ancestry most likely originated from Europe.

There are several races expanded into many ethnic groups in the United States:

* White is the most common race in the United States. White or European-American refers to people from countries in Europe (such as Germany, England, Ireland, France, Belgium, Switzerland, Austria, Luxembourg, Italy, Portugal, Spain, Poland, Russia, Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Finland, Iceland, Sweden, Denmark, Norway, Greece, Turkey, Albania, Croatia, Moldova, Romania, Serbia, Bulgaria, Hungary, the Czech Republic, or the Netherlands).
* Black or African-American refers to people from countries in Sub-Saharan Africa.
* Asian refers to people from countries in Asia (such as China, Japan, Korea, South Asia, or Southeast Asia).
* Oceanian refers to people from countries in Oceania (such as Australia, New Zealand, or Fiji).
* Native American refers to people who are part of Native American groups that have lived for thousands of years in the lands now controlled by the U.S. These are the only people who did not come to the United States during or after Europe learned of the Americas.
* Hispanic Americans, such as Spanish and Indigenous Mexican Americans, are often of this category. Hispanic is an ethnicity, meaning Hispanic people can be of any race.
* Lusophone Americans, such as Portuguese and Indigenous Brazilians, are often of this category. Lusophone is an ethnicity, meaning Lusophone people can be of any race.
* Other refers to people who are an unlisted ethnic group, such as Jewish people and Roma people.

The race is not the same as ethnicity, however. Here are the top three ethnic groups in the United States. Since many Asian and Hispanic people are classified differently, most of the groups listed are white.

* The most common is German-American, which 42.8 million Americans identify with. Many people came to the U.S. from Germany in the 19th and early 20th centuries. German American is the most common ethnic group in over half the states. The largest number of Germans are found in the Midwest, West, and Pennsylvania.
* Irish-American is the second-largest ethnic group found in the United States, with 30.5 million people.
* The third-largest ethnic group is African-American, at 24.8 million people. The largest number of African-Americans are found in the South.

## Other websites

 Media related to Ethnic groups of the United States at Wikimedia Commons
# Ooty

An aerial view of Ooty
**Ooty** is a town and hill station in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The name "Ooty" is short for **Ootacamund** (officially Udhagamandalam). Ooty is located in the Nilgiris district, or Blue Mountains, a mountain district. Ooty stands at about 7,500 feet above sea level.