Rikunarita-ORG/Wikinium huggingface dataset:
# Camillo Ruini

| His Eminence Camillo Ruini |
| --- |
| Cardinal Vicar Emeritus of Rome |
| Cardinal Ruini |
| Church | Roman Catholic Church |
| Other post(s) | Cardinal-Priest of Sant'Agnese fuori le Mura (1991-) |
| Previous post(s) | * Titular Bishop of Nepte (1983-1991)
* Auxiliary Bishop of Reggio Emilia-Guastalla (1983-1993)
* Secretary General of the Italian Episcopal Conference (1986-1991)
* General Ecclesiastical Assistant to Italian Catholic Action (1989-1990)
* President of the Liturgical Academy (1990-1993)
* Titular Archbishop of Nepte (1991)
* Pro-Vicar General of Rome (1991)
* Pro-Archpriest of the Basilica of Saint John Lateran (1991)
* President of the Italian Episcopal Conference (1991-2007)
* Vicar General of Rome (1991-2008)
* Apostolic Administrator of Ostia (1991-2008)
* Archpriest of the Basilica of Saint John Lateran (1991-2008)
* Grand Chancellor of the Pontifical Lateran University (1991-2008)
* President of Peregrinatio ad Petri Sedem (1992-1996)
 |
| Orders |
| Ordination | 8 December 1954 by Luigi Traglia |
| Consecration | 29 June 1983 by Gilberto Baroni |
| Created cardinal | 28 June 1991 by Pope John Paul II |
| Rank | Cardinal Priest |
| Personal details |
| Born | Camillo Ruini (1931-02-19)19 February 1931 Sassuolo, Kingdom of Italy |
| Died | 16 June 2026(2026-06-16) (aged 95) Rome, Italy |
| Denomination | Catholic (Roman Rite) |
| Motto | *Veritas liberabit nos* |
| Coat of arms |  |

**Camillo Ruini** (Italian pronunciation: [kaˈmillo ruˈini]; 19 February 1931 – 16 June 2026) was an Italian cardinal of the Catholic Church. He was Vicar General of the Diocese of Rome from 1991 to 2008. He was elevated to the cardinalate in 1991.

In June 1986 the Pope John Paul II named him secretary-general of the Italian bishops' conference. From 1988 to 2011 he was a consultor of the Congregation for Bishops.

Ruini died at his home in Rome, Italy on 16 June 2026 at the age of 95. He was being treated for respiratory failure shortly before his death.

## Other websites

* "Ruini Card. Camillo". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 4 November 2017.
# Robert Thurman

| Robert Thurman |
| --- |
| Thurman in 2014 |
| Born | Robert Alexander Farrar Thurman (1941-08-03)August 3, 1941 New York City, New York, U.S. |
| Died | June 16, 2026(2026-06-16) (aged 84) Woodstock, New York, U.S. |
| Other names | Alecsander Thermen |
| Alma mater | Harvard University (B.A., M.A., Ph.D.) |
| Spouses | * Marie-Christophe de Menil
​ ​(m. 1960; div. 1961)​
* Nena von Schlebrügge
​ ​(m. 1967)​
 |
| Children | 5, including Uma |
| Relatives | Dash Snow (grandson) Maya Hawke (grand-daughter) |
|  |
| **Scientific career** |
| Fields | Indo-Tibetan Buddhist Studies |
| Institutions | Columbia University |
| Doctoral advisor | Daniel H.H. Ingalls, Sr. |
| Doctoral students | Christian K. Wedemeyer |
|  |
|  |

**Robert Alexander "Bob" Farrar Thurman** (August 3, 1941 – June 16, 2026) was an American Buddhist writer and academic. He wrote, edited, and translated many books on Tibetan Buddhism. He was a Professor of Indo-Tibetan Buddhist Studies at Columbia University, before retiring in June 2019. He also was the co-founder and president of the Tibet House US New York.

*The New York Times* called Thurman the "leading interpreter of Tibetan Buddhism" with a reputation of being the Dalai Lama’s "man in America". Thurman was known for being the first Westerner Tibetan Buddhist monk ordained by the Dalai Lama. *Rolling Stone* said that Thurman helped save Tibetan culture through his Tibet House institution.

## Early life

Robert Alexander Farrar Thurman was born in Manhattan, New York City.

Thurman studied at Phillips Exeter Academy from 1954 to 1958, then went to Harvard University, where he got his B.A. in 1962. He later returned to Harvard for graduate study in Sanskrit, receiving an M.A. in 1969 and a Ph.D. in 1972. He was expelled from Phillips Exeter Academy in 1958, weeks from graduation, after leaving without permission to join Fidel Castro and his guerrilla army in Cuba. He was stopped in Florida before he could join.

## Personal life and death

In 1961 Thurman lost his left eye in an accident and the eye was replaced with a glass eye.

Thurman was the father of actress Uma Thurman and the grandfather of actress Maya Hawke.

Thurman died on June 16, 2026 at his home in Woodstock, New York at the age of 84.

## Other websites

* Official website
* Tibet House Thurman Biography Archived 2018-03-09 at the Wayback Machine
* Tibet House, New York City
* *First 30 Years of Tibet House* film
* Tibet House US Channel
* Menla Retreat, Resort and Spa in upstate New York, the Dalai Lama and Robert Thurman, Spiritual Directors Archived 2021-04-04 at the Wayback Machine
* Sharon Salzberg + Robert Thurman, *Meeting Our Enemies and Our Suffering*, On Being with Krista Tippett unedited interview
# Massage

**Massages** refer to rubbing a particular place on the body. They are often performed when a certain part of the human body is injured, strained or in cramps. Massages are often performed on human feet, backs and arms, but can be done on many parts of the body.
# 2012 French presidential election

The **2012 French presidential election** was a presidential election in France that took place on 22 April 2012 and 5–6 May 2012. The incumbent president, Nicolas Sarkozy, ran for a second term.

The main candidates were Nicolas Sarkozy from the Union for a Popular Movement, François Hollande from the Socialist Party, Marine Le Pen from the National Front, Jean-Luc Mélenchon from the Left Front, François Bayrou from the Democratic Movement, Eva Joly from The Greens, Nicolas Dupont-Aignan from Debout la France, Philippe Poutou from the New Anticapitalist Party, Nathalie Arthaud from Lutte Ouvrière and Jacques Cheminade from Solidarity and Progress.

On 22 April 2012, François Hollande won 29% of the vote with Nicolas Sarkozy winning 27%. Both candidates advanced to the second round of the election, which Hollande later won with 52% of the vote.

## Results

Results by commune for the 1st round of French presidential elections, 2012.  François Hollande  Nicolas Sarkozy  Marine Le Pen  Jean-Luc Mélenchon  François Bayrou  Eva Joly  Nicolas Dupont-Aignan  *Tie*
Results by commune for the 2nd round of French presidential elections, 2012.   François Hollande  Nicolas Sarkozy

| First round 22 April 2012 | Second round 6 May 2012 |
| --- | --- |
| Candidate | Votes | % | Votes | % |
|  | **François Hollande** | **10,272,705** | **28.63%** | **18,000,668** | **51.64%** |
|  | Nicolas Sarkozy | **9,753,629** | **27.18%** | 16,860,685 | 48.36% |
|  | Marine Le Pen | 6,421,426 | 17.90% |  |
|  | Jean-Luc Mélenchon | 3,984,822 | 11.10% |
|  | François Bayrou | 3,275,122 | 9.13% |
|  | Eva Joly | 828,345 | 2.31% |
|  | Nicolas Dupont-Aignan | 643,907 | 1.79% |
|  | Philippe Poutou | 411,160 | 1.15% |
|  | Nathalie Arthaud | 202,548 | 0.56% |
|  | Jacques Cheminade | 89,545 | 0.25% |
| Total votes | **35,883,209** | **100%** | **34,861,353** | **100%** |

## Other websites

* The Constitutional council's duties relating to the presidential election Archived 2012-04-23 at the Wayback Machine
* Opinion poll tracker with data Archived 2020-08-07 at the Wayback Machine
* NSD: European Election Database – France Archived 2017-02-24 at the Wayback Machine publishes regional level election data; allows for comparisons of election results, 1990–2012
* A clickable map showing elections results by region, department, and commune on the website of L'Humanité
# Flag of Iceland

The **flag of Iceland** has a white-fimbriated red Nordic cross on a blue field. The flag was designed by Matthías Þórðarson ( Matthias Thordarson) in 1906. The white was supposed to represent snow and ice, while the red represented the fire and lava of Icelandic volcanoes. The blue could have represented either the blue of the mountains, the Atlantic Ocean, or both. The flag colors have no official meaning now, however. The flag gained full recognition from Denmark on December 1st 1918, and became the sole official flag in 1944, after Iceland gained independence.