# List of Jupiter's moons

There are 97 known **moons of Jupiter**, as of 30 April 2025. Jupiter has the second largest number of moons of any planet in the Solar System.

The most massive of the moons are the four Galilean moons, which were independently discovered in 1610 by Galileo Galilei and Simon Marius. They were the first objects found to orbit a body that was neither Earth nor the Sun. The Galilean moons are by far the largest and most massive objects to orbit Jupiter. The other 93 known moons and the rings together make up just 0.003% of the total orbiting mass. The four are Io, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto. They are roughly the same size as Earth's moon, some are a bit bigger, some are smaller.

From the end of the 19th century, dozens of much smaller Jovian moons have been discovered. All these are less than 250 kilometres (160 mi) in diameter, with most barely exceeding 5 kilometres (3.1 mi). Their orbital shapes range from nearly perfectly circular to highly eccentric and inclined. Many revolve in the direction *opposite to Jupiter's spin* (retrograde motion). Orbital periods range from seven hours (taking less time than Jupiter does to spin around its axis), to some three thousand times more (almost three Earth years).

## List of moons

This list starts with those that go around Jupiter (orbit) the fastest. That is, they have the shortest orbital period. Moons highlighted in purple are the "Galilean moons," moons highlighted in dark gray have a retrograde orbit, and moons with the regular white background have a prograde orbit, these describe the 95 moons.

|  | Label  | Name  | Pronunciation (key) | Image | Diameter (km) | Mass (×1016 kg) | Semi-major axis (km) | Orbital period (d) | Inclination (°) | Eccentricity  | Discovery year  | Discoverer  | Group  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | XVI | Metis | ˈmiːtɨs |  | 43 (60×40×34) | ~3.6 | 128,000 | +0.2948 (+7h 04m 29s) | 0.060°  | 0.0002 | 1979 | Synnott (Voyager 1) | Inner |
| 2 | XV | Adrastea | ˌædrəˈstiːə |  | 16.4 (20×16×14) | ~0.20 | 129,000 | +0.2983 (+7h 09m 30s) | 0.030° | 0.0015 | 1979 | Jewitt (Voyager 2) | Inner |
| 3 | V | Amalthea | ˌæməlˈθiːə |  | 167 (250×146×128) | 208 | 181,400 | +0.4999 (+11h 59m 53s) | 0.374° | 0.0032 | 1892 | Barnard | Inner |
| 4 | XIV | Thebe | ˈθiːbiː |  | 98.6 (116×98×84) | ~43 | 221,900 | +0.6761 (+16h 13m 35s) | 1.076° | 0.0175 | 1979 | Synnott (Voyager 1) | Inner |
| 5 | I | **Io** | ˈaɪ.oʊ |  | 3,643.2 | 8,931,900 | 421,800 | +1.7627 (+1d 18h 18m 20s) | 0.050° | 0.0041 | 1610 | Galilei | Galilean |
| 6 | II | **Europa** | jʊˈroʊpə |  | 3,121.6 | 4,799,800 | 671,100 | +3.5255 (+3d 12h 36m 40s) | 0.470° | 0.0090 | 1610 | Galilei | Galilean |
| 7 | III | **Ganymede** | ˈɡænɨmiːd |  | 5,268.2 | 14,819,000 | 1,070,400 | +7.1556 | 0.200° | 0.0013 | 1610 | Galilei | Galilean |
| 8 | IV | **Callisto** | kəˈlɪstoʊ |  | 4,820.6 | 10,759,000 | 1,882,700 | +16.690 | 0.192° | 0.0074 | 1610 | Galilei | Galilean |
| 9 | XVIII | Themisto | θɨˈmɪstoʊ |  | ~9 | ~0.038 | 7,398,500 | +130.03 | 43.8° | 0.340 | 1975/2000 | Kowal & Roemer/ Sheppard et al. | *Themisto* |
| 10 | XIII | Leda | ˈliːdə |  | 21.5 | ~0.52 | 11,146,400 | +240.93 | 28.6° | 0.162 | 1974 | Kowal | Himalia |
| 11 | LXXI | Ersa | ˈɜːrsə |  | 3 | ~0.0014 | 11,401,000 | +249.23 | 29.1° | 0.116 | 2018 | Sheppard | Himalia |
| 12 | — | S/2018 J 2 |  |  | 3 | ~0.0014 | 11,419,700 | +249.92 | 28.3° | 0.152 | 2018 | Sheppard | Himalia |
| 13 | VI | Himalia | haɪˈmeɪliə |  | 139.6 (150×120) | 420 | 11,440,600 | +250.56 | 28.1° | 0.160 | 1904 | Perrine | Himalia |
| 14 | LXV | Pandia | pænˈdaɪə |  | 3 | ~0.0014 | 11,481,000 | +251.91 | 29.0° | 0.179 | 2017 | Sheppard | Himalia |
| 15 | X | Lysithea | laɪˈsɪθiːə |  | 42.2 | ~3.9 | 11,700,800 | +259.20 | 27.2° | 0.117 | 1938 | Nicholson | Himalia |
| 16 | VII | Elara | ˈɛlərə |  | 79.9 | ~27 | 11,712,300 | +259.64 | 27.9° | 0.211 | 1905 | Perrine | Himalia |
| 17 | — | S/2011 J 3 |  |  | ~3 | ~0.0014 | 11,716,800 | +259.84 | 27.6° | 0.192 | 2011 | Sheppard | Himalia |
| 18 | — | Dia | ˈdaɪə |  | ~4 | ~0.0034 | 12,260,300 | +278.21 | 29.0° | 0.232 | 2000 | Sheppard et al. | Himalia |
| 19 | — | S/2018 J 4 |  |  | ~2 | ~0.00042 | 16,328,500 | +427.63 | 50.2° | 0.177 | 2018 | Sheppard | *Carpo* |
| 20 | XLVI | Carpo | ˈkɑrpoʊ |  | ~3 | ~0.0014 | 17,042,300 | +456.29 | 53.2° | 0.416 | 2003 | Sheppard | *Carpo* |
| 21 | LXII | Valetudo | væləˈtjuːdoʊ |  | ~1 | ~0.000052 | 18,694,200 | +527.61 | 34.5° | 0.217 | 2016 | Sheppard | *Valetudo* |
| 22 | XXXIV | Euporie | juːˈpoʊrɨ.iː |  | ~2 | ~0.00042 | 19,265,800 | −550.69 | 145.7° | 0.148 | 2001 | Sheppard et al. | Ananke |
| 23 | LV | S/2003 J 18 |  |  | ~2 | ~0.00042 | 20,336,300 | −598.12 | 145.3° | 0.090 | 2003 | Gladman | Ananke |
| 24 | LX | Eupheme | juːˈfiːmiː |  | ~2 | ~0.00042 | 20,768,600 | −617.73 | 148.0° | 0.241 | 2003 | Sheppard | Ananke |
| 25 | — | S/2021 J 3 |  |  | ~2 | ~0.00042 | 20,776,700 | −618.33 | 147.9° | 0.239 | 2021 | Sheppard | Ananke |
| 26 | LII | S/2010 J 2 |  |  | ~1 | ~0.000052 | 20,793,000 | −618.84 | 148.1° | 0.248 | 2010 | Veillet | Ananke |
| 27 | LIV | S/2016 J 1 |  |  | ~1 | ~0.000052 | 20,802,600 | −618.49 | 144.7° | 0.232 | 2016 | Sheppard | Ananke |
| 28 | XL | Mneme | ˈniːmiː |  | ~2 | ~0.00042 | 20,821,000 | −620.07 | 148.0° | 0.247 | 2003 | Sheppard & Gladman | Ananke |
| 29 | XXXIII | Euanthe | juːˈænθiː |  | ~3 | ~0.0014 | 20,827,000 | −620.44 | 148.0° | 0.239 | 2001 | Sheppard et al. | Ananke |
| 30 | — | S/2003 J 16 |  |  | ~2 | ~0.00042 | 20,882,600 | −622.88 | 148.0° | 0.243 | 2003 | Gladman | Ananke |
| 31 | XXII | Harpalyke | hɑrˈpælɨkiː |  | ~4 | ~0.0034 | 20,892,100 | −623.32 | 147.7° | 0.232 | 2000 | Sheppard et al. | Ananke |
| 32 | XXXV | Orthosie | ɔrˈθɒsɨ.iː |  | ~2 | ~0.00042 | 20,892,100 | −622.59 | 144.3° | 0.299 | 2001 | Sheppard et al. | Ananke |
| 33 | XLV | Helike | ˈhɛlɨkiː |  | ~4 | ~0.0034 | 20,915,700 | −626.33 | 154.4° | 0.153 | 2003 | Sheppard | Ananke |
| 34 | — | S/2021 J 2 |  |  | ~1 | ~0.000052 | 20,926,600 | −625.14 | 148.1° | 0.242 | 2021 | Sheppard | Ananke |
| 35 | XXVII | Praxidike | prækˈsɪdɨkiː |  | 7 | ~0.018 | 20,935,400 | −625.39 | 148.3° | 0.246 | 2000 | Sheppard et al. | Ananke |
| 36 | LXIV | S/2017 J 3 |  |  | ~2 | ~0.00042 | 20,941,000 | −625.60 | 147.9° | 0.231 | 2017 | Sheppard | Ananke |
| 37 | — | S/2021 J 1 |  |  | ~1 | ~0.000052 | 20,954,700 | −627.14 | 150.5° | 0.228 | 2021 | Sheppard | Ananke |
| 38 | — | S/2003 J 12 |  |  | ~1 | ~0.000052 | 20,963,100 | −627.24 | 150.0° | 0.235 | 2003 | Sheppard | Ananke |
| 39 | LXVIII | S/2017 J 7 |  |  | ~2 | ~0.00042 | 20,964,800 | −626.56 | 147.3° | 0.233 | 2017 | Sheppard | Ananke |
| 40 | XLII | Thelxinoe | θɛlkˈsɪnɵʊiː |  | ~2 | ~0.00042 | 20,976,000 | −628.03 | 150.6° | 0.228 | 2003 | Sheppard & Gladman et al. | Ananke |
| 41 | XXIX | Thyone | θaɪˈoʊniː |  | ~4 | ~0.0034 | 20,978,000 | −627.18 | 147.5° | 0.233 | 2001 | Sheppard et al. | Ananke |
| 42 | — | S/2003 J 2 |  |  | ~2 | ~0.00042 | 20,997,700 | −628.79 | 150.2° | 0.225 | 2003 | Sheppard | Ananke |
| 43 | XII | Ananke | əˈnæŋkiː |  | 29.1 | ~1.3 | 21,034,500 | −629.79 | 147.6° | 0.237 | 1951 | Nicholson | Ananke |
| 44 | — | S/2022 J 3 |  |  | ~1 | ~0.000052 | 21,047,700 | −630.67 | 148.2° | 0.249 | 2022 | Sheppard | Ananke |
| 45 | XXIV | Iocaste | ˌaɪ.ɵˈkæstiː |  | ~5 | ~0.0065 | 21,066,700 | −631.59 | 148.8° | 0.227 | 2000 | Sheppard et al. | Ananke |
| 46 | XXX | Hermippe | hɚˈmɪpiː |  | ~4 | ~0.0034 | 21,108,500 | −633.90 | 150.2° | 0.219 | 2001 | Sheppard et al. | Ananke |
| 47 | LXX | S/2017 J 9 |  |  | ~3 | ~0.0014 | 21,768,700 | −666.11 | 155.5° | 0.200 | 2017 | Sheppard | Ananke |
| 48 | LVIII | Philophrosyne | fɪləˈfrɒzəniː |  | ~2 | ~0.00042 | 22,604,600 | −702.54 | 146.3° | 0.229 | 2003 | Sheppard | Pasiphaë |
| 49 | — | S/2016 J 3 |  |  | ~2 | ~0.00042 | 22,719,300 | −713.64 | 164.6° | 0.251 | 2016 | Sheppard | Carme |
| 50 | — | S/2022 J 1 |  |  | ~1 | ~0.000052 | 22,725,200 | −738.33 | 164.5° | 0.257 | 2022 | Sheppard | Carme |
| 51 | XXXVIII | Pasithee | pəˈsɪθɨ.iː |  | ~2 | ~0.00042 | 22,846,700 | −719.47 | 164.6° | 0.270 | 2001 | Sheppard et al. | Carme |
| 52 | LXIX | S/2017 J 8 |  |  | ~1 | ~0.000052 | 22,849,500 | −719.76 | 164.8° | 0.255 | 2017 | Sheppard | Carme |
| 53 | — | S/2021 J 6 |  |  | ~1 | ~0.000052 | 22,870,300 | −720.97 | 164.9° | 0.271 | 2021 | Sheppard et al. | Carme |
| 54 | — | S/2003 J 24 |  |  | ~2 | ~0.00042 | 22,887,400 | −721.60 | 164.5° | 0.259 | 2003 | Sheppard et al. | Carme |
| 55 | XXXII | Eurydome | jʊˈrɪdəmiː |  | ~3 | ~0.0014 | 22,899,000 | −717.31 | 149.1° | 0.294 | 2001 | Sheppard et al. | Pasiphaë |
| 56 | LVI | S/2011 J 2 |  |  | ~1 | ~0.000052 | 22,909,200 | −718.32 | 151.9° | 0.355 | 2011 | Sheppard | Pasiphaë |
| 57 | — | S/2003 J 4 |  |  | ~2 | ~0.00042 | 22,926,500 | −718.10 | 148.2° | 0.328 | 2003 | Sheppard | Pasiphaë |
| 58 | XXI | Chaldene | kælˈdiːniː |  | ~4 | ~0.0034 | 22,930,500 | −723.71 | 164.7° | 0.265 | 2000 | Sheppard et al. | Carme |
| 59 | LXIII | S/2017 J 2 |  |  | ~2 | ~0.00042 | 22,953,200 | −724.71 | 164.5° | 0.272 | 2017 | Sheppard | Carme |
| 60 | XXVI | Isonoe | aɪˈsɒnɵʊiː |  | ~4 | ~0.0034 | 22,981,300 | −726.27 | 164.8° | 0.249 | 2000 | Sheppard et al. | Carme |
| 61 | — | S/2022 J 2 |  |  | ~1 | ~0.000052 | 23,013,800 | −781.56 | 164.7° | 0.265 | 2022 | Sheppard | Carme |
| 62 | — | S/2021 J 4 |  |  | ~1 | ~0.000052 | 23,019,700 | −728.28 | 164.6° | 0.265 | 2021 | Sheppard | Carme |
| 63 | XLIV | Kallichore | kəˈlɪkɵriː |  | ~2 | ~0.00042 | 23,021,800 | −728.26 | 164.8° | 0.252 | 2003 | Sheppard | Carme |
| 64 | XXV | Erinome | ɨˈrɪnɵmiː |  | ~3 | ~0.0014 | 23,032,900 | −728.48 | 164.4° | 0.276 | 2000 | Sheppard et al. | Carme |
| 65 | XXXVII | Kale | ˈkeɪliː |  | ~2 | ~0.00042 | 23,052,600 | −729.64 | 164.6° | 0.262 | 2001 | Sheppard et al. | Carme |
| 66 | LVII | Eirene | aɪˈriːniː |  | ~4 | ~0.0034 | 23,055,800 | −729.84 | 164.6° | 0.258 | 2003 | Sheppard | Carme |
| 67 | XXXI | Aitne | ˈaɪtniː |  | ~3 | ~0.0014 | 23,064,400 | −730.10 | 164.6° | 0.277 | 2001 | Sheppard et al. | Carme |
| 68 | XLVII | Eukelade | juːˈkɛlədiː |  | ~4 | ~0.0034 | 23,067,400 | −730.30 | 164.6° | 0.277 | 2003 | Sheppard | Carme |
| 69 | XLIII | Arche | ˈɑrkiː |  | ~3 | ~0.0014 | 23,097,800 | −731.88 | 164.6° | 0.261 | 2002 | Sheppard | Carme |
| 70 | XX | Taygete | teiˈɪdʒɨtiː |  | ~5 | ~0.0065 | 23,108,000 | −732.45 | 164.7° | 0.253 | 2000 | Sheppard et al. | Carme |
| 71 | — | S/2016 J 4 |  |  | ~1 | ~0.000052 | 23,113,800 | −727.01 | 147.1° | 0.294 | 2016 | Sheppard | Pasiphaë |
| 72 | LXXII | S/2011 J 1 |  |  | ~2 | ~0.00042 | 23,124,500 | −733.21 | 164.6° | 0.271 | 2011 | Sheppard | Carme |
| 73 | XI | Carme | ˈkɑrmiː |  | 46.7 | ~5.3 | 23,144,400 | −734.19 | 164.6° | 0.256 | 1938 | Nicholson | Carme |
| 74 | L | Herse | ˈhɜːrsiː |  | ~2 | ~0.00042 | 23,150,500 | −734.52 | 164.4° | 0.262 | 2003 | Gladman et al. | Carme |
| 75 | LXI | S/2003 J 19 |  |  | ~2 | ~0.00042 | 23,156,400 | −734.78 | 164.7° | 0.265 | 2003 | Gladman | Carme |
| 76 | LI | S/2010 J 1 |  |  | ~2 | ~0.00042 | 23,189,800 | −736.51 | 164.5° | 0.252 | 2010 | Jacobson et al. | Carme |
| 77 | — | S/2003 J 9 |  |  | ~1 | ~0.000052 | 23,199,400 | −736.86 | 164.8° | 0.263 | 2003 | Sheppard | Carme |
| 78 | LXVI | S/2017 J 5 |  |  | ~2 | ~0.00042 | 23,206,200 | −737.28 | 164.8° | 0.257 | 2017 | Sheppard | Carme |
| 79 | LXVII | S/2017 J 6 |  |  | ~2 | ~0.00042 | 23,245,300 | −733.99 | 149.7° | 0.336 | 2017 | Sheppard | Pasiphaë |
| 80 | XXIII | Kalyke | ˈkælɨkiː |  | 6.9 | ~0.017 | 23,302,600 | −742.02 | 164.8° | 0.260 | 2000 | Sheppard et al. | Carme |
| 81 | XXXIX | Hegemone | hɨˈdʒɛməniː |  | ~3 | ~0.0014 | 23,348,700 | −739.81 | 152.6° | 0.358 | 2003 | Sheppard | Pasiphaë |
| 82 | — | S/2018 J 3 |  |  | ~1 | ~0.000052 | 23,400,300 | −747.02 | 164.9° | 0.268 | 2018 | Sheppard | Carme |
| 83 | — | S/2021 J 5 |  |  | ~2 | ~0.00042 | 23,414,600 | −747.74 | 164.9° | 0.272 | 2021 | Sheppard et al. | Carme |
| 84 | VIII | Pasiphaë | pəˈsɪfeɪ.iː |  | 57.8 | ~10 | 23,468,200 | −743.61 | 148.4° | 0.412 | 1908 | Melotte | Pasiphaë |
| 85 | XXXVI | Sponde | ˈspɒndiː |  | ~2 | ~0.00042 | 23,543,300 | −748.29 | 149.3° | 0.322 | 2001 | Sheppard et al. | Pasiphaë |
| 86 | — | S/2003 J 10 |  |  | ~2 | ~0.00042 | 23,576,300 | −755.43 | 164.4° | 0.264 | 2003 | Sheppard | Carme |
| 87 | XIX | Megaclite | ˌmɛɡəˈklaɪtiː |  | ~5 | ~0.0065 | 23,644,600 | −752.86 | 149.8° | 0.421 | 2000 | Sheppard et al. | Pasiphaë |
| 88 | XLVIII | Cyllene | sɨˈliːniː |  | ~2 | ~0.00042 | 23,654,700 | −751.97 | 146.8° | 0.419 | 2003 | Sheppard | Pasiphaë |
| 89 | IX | Sinope | sɨˈnoʊpiː |  | 35 | ~2.2 | 23,683,900 | −758.85 | 157.3° | 0.264 | 1914 | Nicholson | Pasiphaë |
| 90 | LIX | S/2017 J 1 |  |  | ~2 | ~0.00042 | 23,744,800 | −756.41 | 145.8° | 0.328 | 2017 | Sheppard | Pasiphaë |
| 91 | XLI | Aoede | eɪˈiːdiː |  | ~4 | ~0.0034 | 23,744,800 | −761.46 | 155.7° | 0.436 | 2003 | Sheppard | Pasiphaë |
| 92 | XXVIII | Autonoe | ɔːˈtɒnɵʊiː |  | ~4 | ~0.0034 | 23,792,500 | −761.00 | 150.8° | 0.330 | 2001 | Sheppard et al. | Pasiphaë |
| 93 | XVII | Callirrhoe | kəˈlɪrɵʊiː |  | 9.6 | ~0.046 | 23,795,500 | −758.86 | 145.1° | 0.297 | 1999 | Scotti et al. | Pasiphaë |
| 94 | — | S/2003 J 23 |  |  | ~2 | ~0.00042 | 23,829,300 | −760.00 | 144.7° | 0.313 | 2003 | Sheppard | Pasiphaë |
| 95 | XLIX | Kore | ˈkoʊriː |  | ~2 | ~0.00042 | 24,205,200 | −776.76 | 141.5° | 0.328 | 2003 | Sheppard | Pasiphaë |