Rikunarita-ORG/Wikinium huggingface dataset:
# Bay Village, Ohio

**Bay Village** is a city in Ohio in the United States. As of 2020, 16,163 people lived there. Bay Village is located in Ohio's 7th congressional district.
# Henry County, Ohio

**Henry County** is a county in the U.S. state of Ohio. As of the 2020 census, the population was 27,662. Its county seat is Napoleon. The county was created in 1820. It is named for Patrick Henry.

## Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 420 square miles (1,100 km2), of which 416 square miles (1,080 km2) is land and 3.7 square miles (9.6 km2) (0.9%) is water.
# Population

Distribution of world population in 1994
A **population** is the number of living people that live together in the same place. A city's population is the number of people living in that city. These people are called **inhabitants** or **residents**. The population includes all individuals that live in that certain area. The world population was estimated to have reached 8 billion in November 2022. Asia is the most populous continent, with its 4.8 billion inhabitants being 60% of the world population. The most populous country is India with 1.4 billion people.

Population density is the average number of people in a place. Urban areas such as big cities have a high population density. People living there lives close to each other. In areas with a low population density, people usually live far away from each other, such as in rural areas out in the countryside.

Usually population refers to the number of humans in a certain area. The maximum population that can be supported in an area is called the carrying capacity.

## Population trends

Global population is going up, but the population growth rate is declining all over the world. Growth in poor countries is faster than in rich ones; some rich countries have a population pyramid that is nearly square. Urbanization is also common, and urban areas usually have lower birth rates. In population growth, births exceed deaths. In the modern world this is due to reduction of infant deaths, control of infectious diseases, and improved agriculture so more people can eat.

The change in population from 2010 to 2015 was:

* World: +420 million
* Africa: +146 million
* Asia: +223 million
* Europe: +3 million
* Latin America and Caribbean: +35 million
* Northern America: +14 million
* Oceania: +2.9 million

Human population control is the practice of altering the rate of growth of a human population. Concerns about overpopulation and its effects on poverty, environmental degradation, and political stability led to efforts to reduce population growth rates.

## Related pages

* Population density
* Population growth
* Human population planning
* Overpopulation
* Census

* "A Summary of Human Population Dynamics" (PDF). *Russel Hopfenberg, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Department, Duke University*.
* Henderson, Kirsten, and Michel Loreau. "An ecological theory of changing human population dynamics." People and Nature 1.1 (2019): 31-43.
* YAN Kun(2011). The tendency equation of the population and its limit value in the United Kingdom (Brief annotation of the connection equation(R)), Xi'an: Xi'an Modern Nonlinear Science Applying Institute.
# International Securities Identification Number

An **International Securities Identification Number (ISIN)** is a code that uniquely identifies a security globally for the purposes of facilitating clearing, reporting and settlement of trades. Its structure is defined in ISO 6166. The ISIN code is a 12-character alphanumeric code that serves for uniform identification of a security through normalization of the assigned National Number, where one exists, at trading and settlement.
# Sport

Association football is one of the most popular sports in the world. In this image, a striker is shooting the ball to score a goal.
Montage of sports
Children playing football
The Cameroon and the African football
**Sport** usually means athletic games that involve a degree of competition, such as football, basketball or cross-country Olympic skiing. Some games and many kinds of racing are called sports. A professional at a sport is called an athlete. Many people do sports with their friends. They need coaches to teach or train teams or individuals how to do better. Sports can be played indoors or outdoors and by individuals or team.

Sports are helpful for health and can help reduce diseases such as heart attacks, many types of cancer, depression and anxiety, and dementia. Different types of sports help our body in different ways. For children, sports play an extremely important part in their lives by providing all round development of the child, physically, mentally and emotionally.

Some people like to watch other people play sports. Those who watch others playing sports are called *fans*. While some fans watch sports on television, others actually go to stadiums or other places where people pay to watch them in person. These fans are called *spectators*.

People engage in many kinds of sports, for example:

A shoulder throw at Judo rank graduation, Japan

* Athletics
* Angling
	+ Field athletics
		- Triple jump
		- Pole vault
		- High jump
		- Hammer throw
		- Discus throw
		- Javelin throw
		- Shot put
	+ Track athletics
		- Sprint
		- Middle distance race
		- Long distance race
		- Walking race
		- Hurdle race
		- Relay
		- Steeplechase (sport)
		- Cross-country race
		- Marathon
* Acrobatics
* Bodybuilding
* Gymnastics
	+ Rhythmic gymnastics
* Figure skating
* Boxing
* Fencing
* Judo
* Wrestling
* Motor sports
* Auto racing
* Shooting
* Diving
* Golf
* Rowing
* Sailing (sport)
* Surfing
* Swimming
* Bobsled
* Skiing
	+ Freestyle skiing
	+ Ski jumping
* Games
	+ Tennis
	+ Baseball
	+ Softball
	+ Basketball
	+ Badminton
	+ Cricket
	+ Association football
	+ American football
	+ Australian Football
	+ Canadian football
	+ Gaelic football
	+ Rugby league football
	+ Rugby union football
	+ Flag football
	+ Polo
	+ Volleyball
	+ Dance
	+ Colorguard
	+ Marching band
	+ Esports

## Related pages

* Exercise
* Healthy lifestyle
* List of water sports
* Physical fitness
* Sports commentator
* Strength training
# Seneca County, Ohio

| Seneca County |
| --- |
| County |
| Map of Seneca County, Ohio With Municipal and Township Labels |
| Seal |
| Location within the U.S. state of Ohio |
| Ohio's location within the U.S. |
| Coordinates: ﻿ / ﻿ |
| Country |  United States |
| State |  Ohio |
| Founded | April 1, 1824 |
| Named for | the Seneca nation |
| Seat | Tiffin |
| Largest city | Tiffin |
| Area |
|  • Total | 553 sq mi (1,430 km2) |
|  • Land | 551 sq mi (1,430 km2) |
|  • Water | 1.8 sq mi (5 km2)  0.3% |
| Population (2020) |
|  • Total | 55,069 |
|  • Density | 100/sq mi (38/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC−5 (Eastern) |
|  • Summer (DST) | UTC−4 (EDT) |
| Congressional district | 5th |
| Website | senecacountyohio.gov |

**Seneca County** is a county in the U.S. state of Ohio. In 2020, 55,069 people lived there. The county seat is Tiffin. It is named for the Seneca Indians.
# 1860

1860 in other calendars| Gregorian calendar | 1860 *MDCCCLX* |
| Ab urbe condita | 2613 |
| Armenian calendar | 1309 ԹՎ ՌՅԹ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6610 |
| Bahá'í calendar | 16–17 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 1781–1782 |
| Bengali calendar | 1267 |
| Berber calendar | 2810 |
| British Regnal year | 23 Vict. 1 – 24 Vict. 1 |
| Buddhist calendar | 2404 |
| Burmese calendar | 1222 |
| Byzantine calendar | 7368–7369 |
| Chinese calendar | 己未年 (Earth Goat) 4556 or 4496     *— to —* 庚申年 (Metal Monkey) 4557 or 4497 |
| Coptic calendar | 1576–1577 |
| Discordian calendar | 3026 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1852–1853 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5620–5621 |
| Hindu calendars |  |
|  - *Vikram Samvat* | 1916–1917 |
|  - *Shaka Samvat* | 1781–1782 |
|  - *Kali Yuga* | 4960–4961 |
| Holocene calendar | 11860 |
| Igbo calendar | 860–861 |
| Iranian calendar | 1238–1239 |
| Islamic calendar | 1276–1277 |
| Japanese calendar | Ansei 7 / Man'en 1 (万延元年) |
| Javanese calendar | 1788–1789 |
| Julian calendar | Gregorian minus 12 days |
| Korean calendar | 4193 |
| Minguo calendar | 52 before ROC 民前52年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | 392 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2402–2403 |
| Tibetan calendar | ས་མོ་ལུག་ལོ་ (female Earth-Sheep) 1986 or 1605 or 833     *— to —* ལྕགས་ཕོ་སྤྲེ་ལོ་ (male Iron-Monkey) 1987 or 1606 or 834 |

**1860** (MDCCCLX)
was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar and a leap year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar, the 1860th year of the Common Era (CE) and *Anno Domini* (AD) designations, the 860th year of the 2nd millennium, the 60th year of the 19th century, and the 1st year of the 1860s decade. As of the start of 1860, the Gregorian calendar was
12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

## Events

* October 6 – The Introduction of the so-called Section 377 of the British Indian penal code (Law) was enacted on the 6th of October, in **British India** respectively.

## Births

* January 29 – Anton Chekhov, Russian writer (d. 1904)
* May 29 – Isaac Albéniz, Spanish composer (d. 1909)
* August 13 – Annie Oakley, American sharpshooter (d. 1926)
* December 7 – Joseph Cook, 6th Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1947)
# Post-hardcore

| Post-hardcore |
| --- |
| Stylistic origins | * Hardcore punk
* Post-punk
* Experimental rock
 |
| Cultural origins | Late 80's, USA's East Coast |
| Typical instruments | * Vocals
* Electric guitar
* Bass guitar
* Drums
* Synth (occasionally)
 |
| Derivative forms | * Emo
* Screamo
* Mathcore
* Math rock
 |

**Post-hardcore** is a musical genre that evolved from hardcore punk, itself a part of the broader punk rock movement. One of the main influences on this genre is the band Fugazi.

Post-hardcore uses elements of hardcore, along with emo, metal, alternative rock or whatever, to create a more experimental sound. It can be more melodic than normal hardcore, but sometimes is heavier.

## Post-hardcore contributors

1. Fugazi
2. Thrice
3. Enter Shikari
4. Alexisonfire
5. Boysetsfire
6. Silverstein
7. Rites of Spring
8. Maylene and the Sons of Disaster
9. The Red Jumpsuit Apparatus
10. Matchbook Romance
11. The Bled
12. From First to Last
13. My Chemical Romance
14. We Came as Romans
15. Story of the Year
16. From Autumn to Ashes
17. Underoath
18. Hawthorne Heights
19. Senses Fail
20. Pierce the Veil
21. Escape the Fate
22. Sleeping with Sirens
23. Moose Blood
# Jodie Foster

| Jodie Foster |
| --- |
| Jodie Foster in 2025 |
| Born | Alicia Christian Foster  (1962-11-19) November 19, 1962 Los Angeles, California, USA |
| Education | Bachelor's degree (*magna cum laude*) |
| Alma mater | Yale University |
| Occupations | * Actress
* director
* producer
 |
| Years active | 1968–present |
| Spouse(s) | Alexandra Hedison (m. 2014–present) |
| Children | Charles Foster Christopher Foster |
| Parent(s) | Ella "Brandy" (née Almond) Lucius Fisher Foster III |
| Awards |  |
| Academy Awards |
| **Best Actress** 1988 *The Accused* 1991 *The Silence of the Lambs* |
| Golden Globe Awards |
| **Best Actress - Drama** 1988 *The Accused* 1991 *The Silence of the Lambs* 2021 *The Mauritanian* **Cecil B. DeMille Award** 2013 |
| BAFTA Awards |
| **Most Promising Newcomer to Leading Film Roles** 1976 *Bugsy Malone* ; *Taxi Driver* **Best Actress in a Supporting Role** 1976 *Bugsy Malone* ; *Taxi Driver* **Best Actress in a Leading Role** 1991 *The Silence of the Lambs* |
| Screen Actors Guild Awards |
| **Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Leading Role** 1994 *Nell* |
|  |

**Jodie Foster** (born **Alicia Christian Foster**; November 19, 1962) is an American actress, director and producer. She has starred in many movies like *Bugsy Malone*, *Taxi Driver*, *The Silence of the Lambs* and *Panic Room*. She has won many awards including two Oscars.

Foster began directing movies in 1991. These include *Little Man Tate*; *Home for the Holidays* and *The Beaver*.

Foster is openly lesbian and is married to photographer Alexandra Hedison. Hedison is the daughter of actor David Hedison.

## Movie work

* 1976: *Taxi Driver* as Iris Steensma
* 1976: *Bugsy Malone* as Tallulah
* 1988: *The Accused* as Sarah Tobias
* 1991: *The Silence of the Lambs* as Clarice Starling
* 1994: *Nell* as Nell Kellty
* 1997: *Contact* as Dr. Eleanor "Ellie" Arroway
* 2002: *Panic Room* as Meg Altman
* 2021: *The Mauritanian* as Nancy Hollander

## Other websites

* Jodie Foster on IMDb
# Allegory

Ouroboros, the snake eating its own tail, is a symbol of renewal and everlasting existence. This is a drawing by Theodoros Pelecanos in a 1478 copy of a lost alchemical tract.
An **allegory** is a term for a figure of speech. It is a story or picture with a hidden meaning. The characters in allegories are symbols which represent particular ideas. The story has a figurative meaning, not just a literal one.

Allegory is an example of rhetoric, but an allegory does not have to be a story in language. It may be something to look at, such as a painting or sculpture.

An allegory is like a long metaphor. People have to use their imagination to understand what it is trying to say. A fable or parable is a short allegory with one basic idea (a moral).

Sometimes people say that stories have meanings which the author, in fact, did not intend. For instance, many people have suggested that *The Lord of the Rings* was an allegory for the World Wars, but, in fact, it was written well before the outbreak of World War II, and J.R.R. Tolkien said that it was not an allegory. In this way people sometimes change the author’s ideas. Sometimes they do it for their own political reasons.

## Examples

Allegory has been a favourite form in the literature of nearly every nation. It is often used as a way of criticizing things or people where it would not be possible to do so directly.

In classical literature Plato and Ovid wrote allegories. Dante Alighieri wrote allegories in *The Divine Comedy*. In the Middle Ages *Everyman* was a morality play. John Bunyan’s *The Pilgrim's Progress* tells the story of a man trying to lead a Christian life. Jonathan Swift wrote *Gulliver's Travels*, which tells about the strange customs of (made-up) faraway countries, but he was really criticizing things about his own country, the United Kingdom. *Animal Farm* by George Orwell is another example of an allegory, this time of the Soviet Union during Josef Stalin's era and the Russian Revolution. Some of the characters can be directly linked to figures during that time.

Songs may also include allegories. "Waist Deep In The Big Muddy" tells a story of American soldiers in the 1800s, ordered by their commander to march into the Mississippi River, which they could never cross on foot. In truth, it told the story of soldiers fighting in the Vietnam War in the 1960s, and being expected to do the white guy's bidding.

Allegories still continue to be popular today. Pictures, movies and plays can be allegories. William Golding’s novel *Lord of the Flies* also has allegorical meaning. *Star Trek* used a great deal of allegory, to look at social conditions and moral values in the present, while telling stories based in the future. Alien races were often a reflection of Earth's own races and countries.

Allegorical artworks include Sandro Botticelli's *La Primavera (Allegory of Spring)* and Jan Vermeer's *The Allegory of Painting*.

## Related pages

* Trope
# North Bend, Ohio

**North Bend** is a village in Miami Township, Hamilton County, Ohio, United States, along the Ohio River. The population was 835 at the 2020 census. The 23rd US president, Benjamin Harrison, was born here.
# Monterey County, California

| Monterey County, California |
| --- |
| County |
| County of Monterey |
|
Images, from top down, left to right: Monterey Bay Aquarium, Main Street in Salinas, the seventh hole at Pebble Beach Golf Links, Mission Soledad, Big Sur Coastline |
| FlagSeal |
| Wikimedia | © OpenStreetMapInteractive map of Monterey County |
| Location in the state of California |
| Country | United States |
| State | California |
| Incorporated | February 18, 1850 |
| Named for | Monterey Bay |
| County seat | Salinas |
| Largest city | Salinas |
| Government |
|  • Type | Council–CAO |
|  • Body | Board of Supervisors |
|  • Chair | Luis Alejo |
|  • Vice Chair | Glenn Church |
|  • Board of Supervisors | Expand
Supervisors
* Luis Alejo
* Glenn Church
* Chris Lopez
* Wendy Root Askew
* Mary L. Adams
 |
|  • County Administrative Office | Sonia M. De La Rosa |
| Area |
|  • Total | 3,771 sq mi (9,770 km2) |
|  • Land | 3,281 sq mi (8,500 km2) |
|  • Water | 491 sq mi (1,270 km2) |
| Highest elevation | 5,865 ft (1,788 m) |
| Population (2020) |
|  • Total | 439,035 |
|  • Density | 134/sq mi (52/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-8 (Pacific Time Zone) |
|  • Summer (DST) | UTC-7 (Pacific Daylight Time) |
| Area codes | 805, 831 |
| Congressional districts | 18th, 19th |
| Website | countyofmonterey.gov |

**Monterey County** is a county located on the Pacific coast of the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 census, the population was 439,035. The county seat and largest city is Salinas. Monterey County comprises the Salinas, California, Metropolitan Statistical Area. It borders on the southern part of Monterey Bay, after which it is named. (The northern half of the bay is in Santa Cruz County.) Monterey County is a member of the regional governmental agency: the Association of Monterey Bay Area Governments.

## History

Monterey County was once part of the 4,426-acre (17.91 km2) Rancho Pescadero Mexican land grant. In 1860, businessman David Jacks bought the Rancho, then sold it in 1880 to the Pacific Improvement Company.
# Dialogue

**Dialogue** or **dialog** is a shared inquiry or the art of thinking together. Dialogue is a rhetorical, literary and theatrical format. It means a written or spoken conversational exchange between two or more people, or a literary work showing such an exchange.

The historical origins of dialogue are in classical Greek and Indian literature. The Socratic method is a way of learning things by dialogue.

## Related pages

* Online chat
* Communication
* Conflict resolution
* Conversation
* Xiangsheng
* Manzai

## Other websites

* National Coalition for Dialogue and Deliberation
* Smith, M. K. (2001) *Dialogue and conversation*, the encyclopaedia of informal education Archived 2012-10-24 at the Wayback Machine
* The Journal of Inter-Religious Dialogue
# Riz Ortolani

| Riz Ortolani |
| --- |
| Riz Ortolani in 1955 |
| Born | (1926-03-25)March 25, 1926 Pesaro, Italy |
| Died | January 23, 2014(2014-01-23) (aged 87) Rome, Italy |
| Occupation | Composer |
| Spouse | Katyna Ranieri |

**Riziero "Riz" Ortolani** (25 March 1926 – 23 January 2014) was an Italian movie composer. He composed many movies such as *Africa Addio* (1966), *Kill Bill: Vol. 1* (2003), *Kill Bill: Vol. 2* (2004), *Drive* (2011) and *Django Unchained* (2012).

## Other websites

* Riz Ortolani on IMDb
# Dean Stockwell

| Dean Stockwell |
| --- |
| Stockwell in 2012 |
| Born | Robert Dean Stockwell (1936-03-05)March 5, 1936 North Hollywood, California, U.S. |
| Died | November 7, 2021(2021-11-07) (aged 85) Ranchos de Taos, New Mexico, U.S. |
| Occupation | Actor |
| Years active | 1945–2015 |
| Spouse(s) |
Millie Perkins
​ ​(m. 1960; div. 1962)​
Joy Marchenko
​ ​(m. 1981)​ |
| Children | 2 |
| Parent(s) | Harry Stockwell (father), Elizabeth "Betty" Stockwell (mother) |
| Relatives | Guy Stockwell (brother) |

**Robert Dean Stockwell** (March 5, 1936 – November 7, 2021) was an American actor. His career has lasted for 70 years. As a child actor under contract to Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, he first came to the public's attention in movies such as *Anchors Aweigh* (1945), *The Green Years* (1946), *Gentleman's Agreement* (1947), and *Kim* (1950).

Stockwell portrays Albert "Al" Calavicci in the science fiction television series "Quantum Leap" which aired from March 26, 1989 through May 5, 1993.

Stockwell died on November 7, 2021 at his home in Ranchos de Taos, New Mexico at the age of 85.

## Other websites

* "The Pro: A Conversation with Dean Stockwell". *The Complete Quantum Leap: The Official Publication of the Show*. MCA Publishing. Archived from the original on July 13, 2006 – via Quantum Leap official site (Sci Fi Channel).
* Dean Stockwell on IMDb
* Dean Stockwell on The Movie Database
# Alexander Payne

Payne in July 2005
**Constantine Alexander Payne** (born February 10, 1961) is an American movie director, screenwriter, and producer. He is best known for his movies *Election* (1999), *About Schmidt* (2002), *Sideways* (2004), *The Descendants* (2011), *Nebraska* (2013) and *Downsizing* (2017).

Payne was born in Omaha, Nebraska. He married Canadian actress Sandra Oh in 2003. The couple divorced in 2006.

## Other websites

* Alexander Payne on IMDb
# Shirley Booth

Booth as live-in maid Hazel in the 1960s
**Shirley Booth** (August 30, 1893 – October 16, 1992) was an American actress. She was born Marjory Ford in Brooklyn, New York. Her long career on Broadway started in 1920. She won three Tony Awards. She starred in both the stage and movie versions of *Come Back, Little Sheba* and won a Tony Award, a Golden Globe Award, and an Academy Award. She played live-in maid Hazel in the 1960s sitcom television series *Hazel*. She won two Emmy Awards for her performance as Hazel and was nominated for a third.

Booth was twice married (Ed Gardner, William H. Baker) and had no children. She died at North Chatham, Massachusetts, and is buried in Mount Hebron Cemetery in Montclair, New Jersey.

## Other websites

 Media related to Shirley Booth at Wikimedia Commons
# Ferenc Krausz

| Ferenc Krausz |
| --- |
|  |
| Born |  (1962-05-17) 17 May 1962 Mór, Hungary |
| Education | * Eötvös Loránd University (BSc)
* Budapest University of Technology and Economics (MSc)Vienna University of Technology (MSc, PhD, Dr. habil.)
 |
| Awards | Wolf Prize in Physics (2022) BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award (2022) Nobel Prize in Physics (2023) |
| **Scientific career** |
| Fields | Attosecond physics |
| Institutions | * Max Planck Institute for Quantum Optics
* Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
 |
| Thesis | *Erzeugung ultrakurzer Lichtimpulse in Neodymium-Glaslasern* (1991) |
| Doctoral advisor | Arnold Schmidt |
|  |
| Website | mpg.de/348075/quantum-optics-krausz |

**Ferenc Krausz** (born 17 May 1962) is a Hungarian–Austrian physicist. He worked in attosecond science. He is a director at the Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics and a professor of experimental physics at the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München in Germany. In 2023, he won the Nobel Prize in Physics.

Krausz was elected a member of the Academia Europaea in 2012.
# Charlotte of Belgium

| Charlotte of Belgium |
| --- |
|  |
| Empress consort of Mexico |
| Tenure | 10 April 1864 – 15 May 1867 |
|  |
| Born | (1840-06-07)7 June 1840 Palace of Laeken, Laeken, Brussels, Kingdom of Belgium |
| Died | 19 January 1927(1927-01-19) (aged 86) Bouchout Castle, Meise, Kingdom of Belgium |
| Burial | Royal Crypt, Church of Our Lady of Laeken |
| Spouse |
Maximilian I of Mexico
​ ​(m. 1857; died 1867)​ |
|

| Full name |
| --- |
| French: *Marie Charlotte Amélie Augustine Victoire Clémentine Léopoldine* Spanish: *María Carlota Amelia Augusta Victoria Clementina Leopoldina* |

 |
| House | * Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (by birth)
* Habsburg-Lorraine (by marriage)
 |
| Father | Leopold I of Belgium |
| Mother | Louise of Orléans |

**Charlotte of Belgium** (7 June 1840 – 19 January 1927), known by the Spanish version of her name, **Carlota**, was by birth a princess of Belgium and member of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. As the wife of Archduke Maximilian of Austria, Viceroy of Lombardy–Venetia and later Emperor of Mexico, she became Archduchess of Austria (in 1857) and Empress of Mexico (in 1864).