Rikunarita-ORG/Wikinium huggingface dataset:
# Mike Bost

| Mike Bost |
| --- |
|  |
|  |
| Chair of the House Veterans' Affairs Committee |
| **Incumbent** |
| **Assumed office**  January 3, 2023 |
| Preceded by | Mark Takano |
| Ranking Member of the House Veterans' Affairs Committee |
| **In office** January 3, 2021 – January 3, 2023 |
| Preceded by | Phil Roe |
| Succeeded by | Mark Takano |
| Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Illinois's 12th district |
| **Incumbent** |
| **Assumed office**  January 3, 2015 |
| Preceded by | William Enyart |
| Member of the Illinois House of Representatives from the 115th district |
| **In office** January 11, 1995 – January 2, 2015 |
| Preceded by | Gerald Hawkins |
| Succeeded by | Terri Bryant |
|  |
| Personal details |
| Born | Michael Joseph Bost  (1960-12-30) December 30, 1960 Murphysboro, Illinois, U.S. |
| Political party | Republican |
| Spouse(s) |
Tracy Bost ​(m. 1980)​ |
| Children | 3 |
| Website | House website |
| Military service |
| Branch/service | United States Marine Corps |
| Years of service | 1979–1982 |
| Rank | Corporal |
|

Mike Bost's voice

Bost, as chair of the House Veterans' Affairs Committee, speaks on legislation reimbursing veterans contributing to post-9/11 educational assistance Recorded March 7, 2023
 |

**Michael Joseph Bost** (/ˈbɔːst/ *BAWST*; born December 30, 1960) is an American politician. He is a member of the Republican Party. He has been the U.S. representative for Illinois's 12th congressional district since 2015. From 1995 to 2015, Bost was a member of the Illinois House of Representatives.

## Other websites

 Media related to Mike Bost at Wikimedia Commons

* Congressman Mike Bost official U.S. House website
* Mike Bost for Congress

* Biography at the *Biographical Directory of the United States Congress*

* Voting record maintained by *The Washington Post*

* Biography, voting record, and interest group ratings at Vote Smart

* Campaign finance reports and data at the Federal Election Commission
* Appearances on C-SPAN
# Rodney Davis (politician)

| Rodney Davis |
| --- |
| Official portrait, 2016 |
|  |
| Ranking Member of the House Administration Committee |
| **In office** January 3, 2019 – January 3, 2023 |
| Preceded by | Bob Brady |
| Succeeded by | Joseph Morelle |
| Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Illinois's 13th district |
| **In office** January 3, 2013 – January 3, 2023 |
| Preceded by | Tim Johnson (Redistricting) |
| Succeeded by | Mary Miller (redistricting) |
|  |
| Personal details |
| Born | Rodney Lee Davis  (1970-01-05) January 5, 1970 Des Moines, Iowa, U.S. |
| Political party | Republican |
| Spouse(s) |
Shannon Davis ​(m. 1995)​ |
| Children | 3 |
| Education | Millikin University (BA) |
|

Rodney Davis's voice
Duration: 1 minute and 51 seconds.1:51
Rodney Davis speaks in support of the Postal Service Reform Act Recorded February 8, 2022
 |

**Rodney Lee Davis** (born January 5, 1970) is an American Republican politician. He was the U.S. representative for Illinois's 13th congressional district from 2013 to 2023. In 2022, he lost re-nomination to U.S. Representative Mary Miller.
# Thomas W. Ewing

**Thomas W. "Tom" Ewing** (born September 19, 1935) is an American Republican politician. He was born in Atlanta, Illinois. He was a member of the United States House of Representatives and the Illinois House of Representatives.

Ewing was a state representative from 1974 to 1991, and a U.S. Congressman representing the 15th district of Illinois from July 2, 1991 until his retirement on January 3, 2001.

## Other websites

* United States Congress. "Thomas W. Ewing (id: E000282)". *Biographical Directory of the United States Congress*.
* Appearances on C-SPAN
# Lynn Morley Martin

Lynn Morley Martin
**Lynn Morley Martin** (born **Judith Lynn Morley**; December 26, 1939) is an American politician and businesswoman. She is a Republican. She was the United States Secretary of Labor from 1991 to 1993. She also served as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Illinois's 16th congressional district from 1981 to 1991.

Martin was born in Evanston, Illinois. She had two children with her first husband John Martin. In 1987, she married judge Harry Leinenweber.

## Other websites

* Appearances on C-SPAN
* United States Congress. "Lynn Morley Martin (id: M000195)". *Biographical Directory of the United States Congress*.
# Woody Herman

| Woody Herman |
| --- |
| Herman in 1943 |
| Background information |
| Birth name | Woodrow Charles Herman |
| Born | (1913-05-16)May 16, 1913 Milwaukee, Wisconsin, U.S. |
| Died | October 29, 1987(1987-10-29) (aged 74) West Hollywood, California, U.S. |
| Genres | * Big band
* swing
* cool jazz
 |
| Occupation(s) | * Bandleader
* musician
 |
| Instruments | * vocalist
* clarinet
* Alto saxophone
* Soprano saxophone
 |

**Woodrow Charles Herman** (May 16, 1913 – October 29, 1987) was an American jazz clarinetist, saxophonist, singer, and big band leader. He was the lead singer for "The Herd". Herman became known in the late 1930s and was active until his death in 1987. He won many Grammy Awards.

In 1947, Herman was Emcee and also played at the third Cavalcade of Jazz concert held at Wrigley Field in Los Angeles which was produced by Leon Hefflin, Sr. on September 7, 1947.

## Other websites

* PBS – JAZZ A Film By Ken Burns Archived 2016-03-29 at the Wayback Machine
* Woody Herman Biography Archived 2006-07-21 at the Wayback Machine
* Woody Herman: *Leader of the Thundering Herds*, by John Twomey
* Woody Herman at Find a Grave
# William Holden

| William Holden |
| --- |
| Holden in a publicity photo, 1954 |
| Born | William Franklin Beedle, Jr. (1918-04-17)April 17, 1918 O'Fallon, Illinois, U.S. |
| Died | November 12, 1981(1981-11-12) (aged 63) Santa Monica, California, U.S. |
| Cause of death | bleeding following a fall |
| Occupation | Actor |
| Years active | 1938–1981 |
| Political party | Republican |
| Spouse |
Brenda Marshall
​ ​(m. 1941⁠–⁠1971)​ (divorced) |

**William Holden** (April 17, 1918 - November 12, 1981) was an American actor.

He was born in O'Fallon, Illinois on April 17 1918 and moved to South Pasadena, California when he was three. He was a star during the golden age of Hollywood. He began his career western movies, including *Arizona* and *Texas*. Holden starred in *The Man from Colorado* and *Rachel and the Stranger*. He won an Academy Award for Best Actor in *Stalag 17*. He was also nominated twice more for *Sunset Boulevard* (1951) and *Network* (1976). Among his best works in film highlights *Submarine Command* (1951), *Sabrina* (1954), *The Bridge on the River Kwai* (1957). He starred with John Wayne in *The Horse Soldiers* (1957), and with Richard Widmark in *Alvarez Kelly* (1966). In 1969, he played an outlaw leader, in the Sam Peckinpah film, *The Wild Bunch*. In the 1970s, Holden worked in *The Towering Inferno* (1974), and *When Time Ran Out* (1980). He played the role of Richard Thorn, the adoptive father of a child possessed by the devil, in the second film of *The Omen*, *Damien: Omen II* (1978).he died from bleeding from a fall at age 63 in Santa Monica California

## Other websites

* William Holden on IMDb
* William Holden at the TCM Movie Database
* William Holden at Find a Grave
* Profile @ Turner Classic Movies
* William Holden Wildlife Foundation Archived 2011-02-11 at the Wayback Machine
# Jean Hersholt

**Jean Pierre Carl Buron** (12 July 1886 – 2 June 1956), known professionally as **Jean Hersholt**, was a Danish-American actor and director. He was best known for starring on the radio series *Dr. Christian* from 1937 to 1942 and in the movie *Heidi* (1937). He was born in Copenhagen.

The Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award, an award given out by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, is named after him.

He told *The Literary Digest* how to pronounce his last name, "In English, *her'sholt*; in Danish, *hairs'hult*."

Hersholt died on 2 June 1956 in Hollywood, California of pancreatic cancer, aged 69.
# Etta James

James in 2006
**Etta James** (born Jamesetta Hawkins, January 25, 1938 - January 20, 2012) was an American singer. She was born in Los Angeles, California. Her styles included jazz, blues, soul and R&B. She received many awards during her career. She was active for almost sixty years. James died of leukemia in Riverside, California at 73, just before her 74th birthday. Beyoncé Knowles played James in the 2008 musical *Cadillac Records*. James released her last album *The Dreamer* in 2011. The album is a collection of covers.

## Awards

James won six Grammy Awards. One of them was the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award. She was given the award in 2003. James was put in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1993.
# Lightning Hopkins

**Samuel John "Lightnin'" Hopkins** (March 15, 1912 - January 30, 1982) was a country blues guitar player and singer. He was from Houston, Texas.

## Albums

* 1959 - *Lightnin' Hopkins*
* 1959 - *Lightnin' and the Blues*
* 1960 - *Last Night Blues* (Bluesville)
* 1960 - *Lightnin'*  (Bluesville)
* 1962 - *Walkin' This Road By Myself* (Bluesville)
* 1962 - *Lightnin' and Co.* (Bluesville)
* 1962 - *Lightnin' Strikes* (Vee Jay)
* 1963 - *Blues in My Bottle* (Bluesville)
* 1963 - *Smokes Like Lightnin'*  (Bluesville)
* 1963 - *Goin' Away* (Bluesville)
* 1964 - *Down Home Blues* (Bluesville)
* 1965 - *Hootin' the Blues* (Bluesville)
* 1965 - *Lightnin' Strikes* (Tradition)
* 1965 - *The Roots of Lightnin' Hopkins*
* 1966 - *Soul Blues* (Bluesville)
* 1967 - *My Life in the Blues* (Bluesville)
* 1967 - *Original Folk Blues* (Kent)
* 1967 - *Lightnin'!* (Arhoolie)
* 1968 - *Freeform Patterns* (International Artists)
* 1991 - *Swathmore Concert Live, 1964*
* 1995 - *Po' Lightning*
* 1999 - *The Very Best of Lightnin' Hopkins*

## Other websites

* Blues Foundation Hall of Fame Induction, 1980 Archived 2007-03-05 at the Wayback Machine
# Linda Ronstadt

| Linda Ronstadt |
| --- |
| Ronstadt in 1976 |
| Background information |
| Birth name | Linda Maria Ronstadt |
| Born |  (1946-07-15) July 15, 1946 Tucson, Arizona, U.S. |
| Genres | * Rock
* pop
* folk
* country
* Latin
 |
| Occupation(s) | * Singer
* songwriter
* musician
* record producer
* actress
 |
| Instruments | * Vocals
* guitar
 |
| Years active | 1967–2011 |
| Labels | * Capitol
* Asylum
* Elektra
* Verve
* Rhino
 |

**Linda Ronstadt** (born July 15, 1946) is an American singer. She was born in Tucson, Arizona. She has won ten Grammy Awards and many other awards.

Ronstadt has never been married. She has an adopted daughter and adopted son. She has been diagnosed with Parkinson's disease. Her autobiography was published in 2013.

## Related pages

* List of country musicians from Arizona
# Popular culture

**Popular culture** is culture which interests the general masses of people. It is influenced and spread by mass media. People experience or learn popular culture by hearing popular music on the radio, watching television, playing video games, or reading popular books and magazines. Popular culture may affect all kinds of knowledge or thought, including art, religion, or language.

Popular culture does not follow any one system of ideas, customs, philosophy, religion, or morality. Some of its forms include grammar, language, or pictures that are not accepted under a society's customs. For this reason a society or government may not approve of popular culture. If a government thinks that any form of it may harm people or cause society to change in a bad way, the government may ban it. This practice is known as censorship. In some countries popular culture is protected under freedom of speech or other rights.

## American popular culture

The United States is an industrialized country (see industrialization) in which citizens use mass media. Its government protects language and cultures under freedom of speech. The U.S. has had periods of popular culture since the 20th century. For instance, after World War II a group of children known as Baby boomers experienced a sudden expansion of popular culture.

## Related pages

* Folklore
# Cultural artifact

A **cultural artifact** (or **artefact**) is a thing made by people that tells us about the culture of the people who made or used it. The word "artifact" is used in North America, and "artefact" is used in other places. The term is used by people who study humans and society, like anthropologists, ethnographers and sociologists.

The term "cultural artifact" is broad. It includes old objects found by archaeologists, called archaeological artifacts, but also things from modern times, called social artifacts. For example, a 17th-century tool, a piece of pottery, or a television can all tell us a lot about the time and people who made and used them.

Cultural artifacts are important because they help us understand how people made things, how their economy worked, and how their society was organized.

## Types of artifacts

Philosopher Marx W. Wartofsky divided artifacts into three groups:

1. Primary artifacts: tools used to make or do things, like a hammer, fork, lamp, or camera.
2. Secondary artifacts: things related to primary artifacts, like a camera’s instruction book.
3. Tertiary artifacts: images or copies of secondary artifacts, like a photo of a camera’s instruction book.

Social artifacts do not have to be physical objects. They can be virtual or new things made just moments ago. They do not need to be old or historical.
# Dazed

*Dazed*| Editor | Isabella Burley  |
| Fashion Director | Emma Wyman |
| Art Director | Jamie Reid |
| Categories | Fashion, lifestyle |
| Frequency | Bi-monthly |
| Publisher | *Dazed* Media |
| Founder | * Jefferson Hack
* Rankin
* Ian C Taylor
 |
| Year founded | 1991 |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Based in | London, England |
| Website | DazedDigital.com |
| ISSN | 0961-9704 |

Dazed (formerly Dazed & Confused) is a bi-monthly British style magazine founded in 1991. It covers music, fashion, film, art, and literature. Dazed is published by Dazed Media, an independent media group known for producing stories across its print, digital and video brands. The company's portfolio includes titles *AnOther*, Dazed Beauty and NOWNESS. The company's newest division, Dazed Studio, creates brand campaigns across the luxury and lifestyle sectors. Based in London, its founding editors are Jefferson Hack and fashion photographer Rankin along with former art director Ian C Taylor.

## Background

*Dazed* was begun by Jefferson Hack, Ian C Taylor and Rankin in collaboration with the photographers Jamie Parissis and Marshall Aver while they were studying at London College of Printing (now London College of Communications). Beginning as a black-and-white folded poster the magazine soon turned full colour and was promoted at London club nights. The Norwegian photographer and later Hells Angel Marcel Lelienhof was involved with the magazine in the first editions, as was the stylist Katie Grand
.

Today it is an independent youth culture magazine, distributed globally, covering fashion, art, music and lifestyle. There has been some discussion regarding the choice of title, but it is generally considered to have been inspired by the Led Zeppelin song of the same name.
# Billy Crystal

| Billy Crystal |
| --- |
|  |
| Born |  (1948-03-14) March 14, 1948 New York City, USA |
| Occupation(s) | Actor, writer, producer, director, singer, comedian, television host |
| Known for | Acting roles:
* "Jodie Dallas" in *Soap*
* Various characters in *Saturday Night Live*
* "Miracle Max" in *The Princess Bride*
* "Harry Burns" in *When Harry Met Sally...*
* "Mitch Robbins" in *City Slickers* and *City Slickers II*
* "Mike Wazowski" in *Monsters, Inc.*
 |
| Spouse |
Janice Crystal ​(m. 1970)​ |
| Children | Jennifer Crystal Lindsay Crystal |
| Awards | **Emmy Award for Outstanding Performance in Special Events** 1989 *The 31st Annual Grammy Awards*
**Emmy Award for Outstanding Writing in a Variety or Music Program** 1990 *Midnight Train to Moscow* 1991 *The 63rd Annual Academy Awards* 1992 *The 64th Annual Academy Awards*
**Emmy Award for Outstanding Individual Performance in a Variety or Music Program** 1991 *The 63rd Annual Academy Awards* 1998 *The 70th Annual Academy Awards* |

**Billy Crystal** (born March 14, 1948) is a Golden Globe Award-nominated and Emmy Award-winning American actor, writer, producer, comedian, singer, movie director and television host. He became famous in the 1970s for playing Jodie Dallas on the ABC Comedy-drama, *Soap*. Crystal was a castmember of Saturday Night Live. He became a Hollywood movie star during the late 1980s and the 1990s, appearing in the box office successes *When Harry Met Sally...* and *City Slickers*.

## Other websites

* Billy Crystal on IMDb
* Billy Crystal at TV.com
* Billy Crystal appears on Michael Eisner's talk show on CNBC Archived October 21, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
# Culture Club

| Culture Club |
| --- |
|  |
| Background information |
| Origin | London, England |
| Genres | New Romantic, New Wave, Soul, Blue-eyed soul, Soft rock |
| Years active | 1981–1986, 1998–2002, 2011–present |
| Labels | Virgin, Epic |
|  |
| Members | Boy George Roy Hay Mikey Craig Jon Moss |
|  |
| Past member(s) | Sam Butcher |
| Website | boygeorgeandcultureclub.net |

**Culture Club** is a new romantic/post-disco-Pop band from the United Kingdom. They were formed in 1981 and split up in 1986. Members of Culture Club include Boy George (singing), Mikey Craig (bass guitar), Roy Hay (electric guitar, keyboards), and Jon Moss (drums, percussion). They have many songs that were successful and popular, for example R&B-influenced "Time (Clock of the Heart)" (1982) that entered the US Pop chart (#2 position), and UK Pop chart (#3 position) or "I'll Tumble 4 Ya" (1983).

In 1998 the band reunited and did some reunion tours. It was a major success.

In 2018, they made a new album called Life. They also did a tour called the Life Tour.

Some members of Culture Club were LGBT.

## Discography

### Albums

* **1982**: *Kissing to Be Clever* (UK #5, US #14)
* **1983**: *Colour by Numbers* (UK #1, US #2)
* **1984**: *Waking Up with the House on Fire* (UK #2, US #26)
* **1986**: *From Luxury to Heartache* (UK #10, US #32)
* **1999**: *Don't Mind If I Do*
* **2018**: *Life*

### Songs

* **1982**: "Do You Really Want to Hurt Me?" (UK #1, US #2, JP #23)
* **1982:** "I'll Tumble 4 Ya" (US #9) (Only released as a single in North America)
* **1982**: "Time (Clock of the Heart)" (UK #3, US #2)
* **1983**: "Church of the Poison Mind" (UK #2, US #10, JP #23)
* **1983**: "Karma Chameleon" (UK #1, US #1, JP #26)
* **1983** "Victims" (UK #3) (Europe and Australia only)
* **1984**: "Miss Me Blind" (US #5, JP #61)
# Page boy

Portrait of James Duke of York with a page-boy
A **page** or **page boy** is a young male servant. A different meaning of "page boy", but based on the same idea of one who serves, is for a young boy who helps the bride at a wedding.

## History

In medieval times, a page was a servant to a knight. He had to clean things, help the knight, for example by running messages for him. He also learned how to fight. When he was 14 he usually became a squire. When he was 21 he sometimes became a knight.

## The decorative page

During the Renaissance and after it became fashionable for black boys and young men to be decorative pages. They wore fancy costumes and served fashionable ladies and lords. This custom of having an "African page" lasted for several centuries. This type of page is almost unheard of today.
# CCTV New Year's Gala

The **CCTV New Year's Gala** (Simplified Chinese: 中国中央电视台春节联欢晚会; Traditional Chinese: 中國中央電視台春節聯歡晚會; Pinyin: *Zhōngguó zhōngyāng diànshìtái chūnjié liánhuān wǎnhuì*) is a Chinese New Year special produced by China Central Television. It was presented by Zhao Zhongxiang.

## History

Since 1983, the variety program has been broadcast on the eve of Chinese New Year.

The show features various acts, including

* Skits (小品) with a focus on comedy.
* *Xiangsheng* (相声) or Stand-up comedy
* Song and dance (歌舞)
* Acrobatics *(杂技)*

Across the span of years, viewers have had mixed reactions. According to *The* *New York Times**,* "complaining about the show - with its blend of comedy, singing, dancing and propaganda - is as much a tradition as watching it."

### Guest appearances

Performers who are famous in China are featured:

* Jackie Chan (2005; 2009)
* Dashan
* Zhang Ziyi (2000; 2001; 2008)

## Other websites

* 2007 CCTV New Year's Gala (in Chinese)
# University of Michigan Press

University of Michigan Press| Parent company | University of Michigan |
| Status | Active |
| Founded | 1930 |
| Country of origin | United States |
| Headquarters location | Ann Arbor, Michigan |
| Distribution | Chicago Distribution Center (US) Eurospan Group (Europe and Africa) |
| Publication types | Books, digital media |
| Nonfiction topics | Humanities and social sciences |
| Official website | press.umich.edu |

The **University of Michigan Press** is part of Michigan Publishing at the University of Michigan Library. It publishes 170 new books each year in the humanities and social sciences. Books from the Press have won many awards, including Lambda Literary Awards, the PEN/Faulkner Award, the Joe A. Callaway Award, and the Nautilus Book Award. The Press has published works by authors who have won the Pulitzer Prize, the National Humanities Medal and the Nobel Prize in Economics.
# The Japan Times

The Japan Times|  |
| Type | Daily newspaper |
| Format | Broadsheet |
| Owner(s) | News2u Holdings, Inc. |
| Publisher | Takeharu Tsutsumi |
| Editor | Hiroyasu Mizuno |
| Staff writers | Approximately 130 |
| Founded | March 22, 1897 (1897-03-22) |
| Language | English |
| Headquarters | Tokyo, Japan |
| Circulation | 44,000 |
| OCLC number | 21225620  |
| Website | www.japantimes.co.jp |

The Japan Times is Japan's largest and oldest English-language daily newspaper. It was founded on March 22, 1897, by Motosada Zumoto with the aim of providing Japanese readers with a platform to read and discuss news in English to better engage with the international community.

## History

During World War II, *The Japan Times* name was temporarily changed to *Nippon Times* (1943–1956) due to a ban on English-language sentiment and served as an outlet for the Imperial Japanese government's communication. It reverted to The Japan Times in 1956.

The paper was long owned by the Ogasawara family following a major acquisition in the 1980s. In 2017, it was sold to News2u Holdings, Inc., a Tokyo-based PR firm.

## Controversy

*The Japan Times*, Ltd. publishes the daily broadsheet *The Japan Times*, the weekly The Japan Times On Sunday, and the bilingual weekly *The Japan Times Alpha*. Since 2013, the paper has been printed and sold along with *The New York Times* International Edition.

In 2018, following its acquisition by *News2u*, the paper faced criticism after it announced changes to its editorial style guide for sensitive historical terms. The paper stated it would use "wartime laborers" instead of "forced labor" and change the description of "comfort women," a move that drew immediate criticism from readers and staff who viewed it as aligning with conservative political positions. The paper later apologized for undermining trust with its readers and staff.
# Covenant (law)

**Deed restrictions**, also called **restrictive covenants**, **CCRs**, or **covenants, conditions and restrictions** are rules imposed usually by a real estate developer to promote uniformity and cleanliness in a subdivision.

## Related pages

* Contract
* Covenant
# Libeled Lady

Libeled Lady is a 1936 American comedy movie directed by Jack Conway and starring Jean Harlow, William Powell, Myrna Loy, Spencer Tracy, Walter Connolly, George Chandler. It was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and was nominated for an Academy Award in 1937.

## Other websites

* *Libeled Lady* on IMDb
* *Libeled Lady* at the TCM Movie Database
* *Libeled Lady* at AllMovie