Rikunarita-ORG/Wikinium huggingface dataset:
# Ed Wood

| Ed Wood |
| --- |
| Born | Edward Davis Wood, Jr. (1924-10-10)October 10, 1924 Poughkeepsie, New York, United States |
| Died | December 10, 1978(1978-12-10) (aged 54) Los Angeles, California, United States |
| Cause of death | Heart attack |
| Nationality | American |
| Occupations | * Director
* producer
* screenwriter
* actor
* author
* editor
 |
| Years active | 1947–1978 |
| Spouse(s) |
Norma McCarty ​(m. 1955⁠–⁠1956)​
Kathleen O'Hara
​ ​(m. 1959⁠–⁠1978)​ |
| Children | Kathleen Emily Wood |

**Edward Davis "Ed" Wood, Jr.** (October 10, 1924 – December 10, 1978) was an American director, producer, screenwriter, actor, author, and editor who is known for his works in low-budget horror or fantasy movies and is also known for his works with Bela Lugosi. Wood is considered one of the worst movie directors of all time. His most famous were *Plan 9 from Outer Space, Bride of the Monster* and *Glen or Glenda*.

Wood was born in Poughkeepsie, New York on October 10, 1924. At a young age, because his mother had wanted a girl, he was forced to dress up as a girl and would have that crossdressing habit for the rest of his life. Wood had a lifelong attraction to the feel of angora.

Wood was married to Norma McCarty in 1956 until they divorced several months later. Then he married Kathy O'Hara in 1956. They were married until his death in 1978. Wood had an illigitimate daughter from a 1946 relationship who lived in NY.

Wood died on December 10, 1978 in Los Angeles, California from a heart attack, aged 54.

A 1994 movie was released based on Wood's life directed by Tim Burton. Johnny Depp played Wood in the movie.

## Other websites

* Edward D. Wood Jr. on IMDb
# Ziegfeld Follies

Promotional artwork for 1912 Ziegfeld Follies
Sheet music for a song from the 1919 Ziegfeld Follies
The dancer Bessie Clayton was, like many of the girls, quite small by modern standards (5' 1*)*
The **Ziegfeld Follies** were a series of elaborate theatrical productions on Broadway in New York City from 1907 through 1931, with renewals in 1934 and 1936. The Ziegfeld Follies were inspired by the Folies Bergère of Paris. They were conceived and mounted by Florenz Ziegfeld. The show producers were Klaw & Erlanger, the top turn-of-the-twentieth-century showmen.

## History

The Follies were lavish variety shows, something like music hall or high class Vaudeville. Many of the top entertainers of the era appeared in the shows. The list includes W. C. Fields, Eddie Cantor, Josephine Baker, Fanny Brice, Ann Pennington, Bert Williams, Eva Tanguay, Bob Hope, Will Rogers, Ruth Etting, Ray Bolger, Helen Morgan, Louise Brooks, Marilyn Miller, Ed Wynn, Gilda Gray, Nora Bayes, Sophie Tucker. The Ziegfeld Follies also were famous for many, beautiful chorus girls commonly known as Ziegfeld girls, usually wearing elaborate costumes by designers such as Erté, Lady Duff Gordon or Ben Ali Haggin. The first *Follies* was produced in 1907 at the roof theatre *Jardin de Paris*.

The Ziegfeld girls "paraded up and down flights of stairs as anything from birds to battleships." The "Tableau vivants" were designed by Ben Ali Haggin from 1917 to 1925. Joseph Urban was the scenic designer for the *Follies* shows starting in 1915.

After Ziegfeld's death, his widow Billie Burke, authorized use of his name for Ziegfeld Follies in 1934 and 1936 to Jake Shubert, who then produced the *Follies*. When later it toured, the 1934 edition was recorded in its entirety, from the Overture to Play-out music. First issued as a series of 78 rpm discs, the recording was later released as a compact disc (1997).

## Media

They became a radio program in 1932 and 1936 as *The Ziegfeld Follies of the Air*. The 1936 Academy Award Best Picture winner was M-G-M's *The Great Ziegfeld*, starring William Powell as the master showman and co-starring Myrna Loy (as Ziegfeld's second wife Billie Burke),
# God Bless America

**"God Bless America"** is an American patriotic song. It was written by Irving Berlin in 1918. The song was revised in 1938. The latter was recorded by Kate Smith; it became her signature song.

In 1938, with the rise of Adolf Hitler, Berlin felt it was time to revive the song. On Armistice Day, 1938, Kate Smith performed the song on the radio.

The song is played at Major League Baseball games.

Céline Dion and LeAnn Rimes did cover versions of the song.
# Puttin' On the Ritz

**"Puttin' On the Ritz"** is a popular ballad. It was written by Irving Berlin. He wrote this song in May 1927. It was first published in December 1929. The song lyrics tell people that if they are feeling blue they should go "where fashion sits" and "put on the Ritz." "The Ritz" most likely refers to the Ritz Tower at 465 Park Avenue, New York City. This is a luxury residential building originally built as an apartment hotel just before this song was written.

The original 78rpm was recorded by Leo Reisman & his Orchestra (Lew Conrad vocals) in New York City on January 20, 1930 and released on Victor records catalog number 22306. Several other artists sang and recorded the song later in 1930, including Fred Astaire who recorded it on March 26, 1930.

In the early 1980s, Taco released a synthpop euro disco-style version of "Puttin' On the Ritz" in 1981 by RCA Records and Peer Studios. His performance consisted of song and tap. It hit #4 on the U.S. *Billboard* Hot 100.

lyrics

if you're blue, and you don't know where to go to

Why don't you go where fashion sits?

Puttin' on the Ritz

Different types who wear a day coat

Pants with stripes and cutaway coat, perfect fits

Puttin' on the Ritz

Dressed up like a million-dollar trouper

Trying hard to look like Gary Cooper (super duper)

Come, let's mix where Rockefellers

Walk with sticks or umbrellas in their mitts

Puttin' on the Ritz

Have you seen the well-to-do

Up and down Park Avenue?

On that famous thoroughfare

With their noses in the air

High hats and Arrow collars

White spats and lots of dollars

Spending every dime for a wonderful time

If you're blue, and you don't know where to go to

Why don't you go where fashion sits?

Puttin' on the Ritz

Different types who wear a day coat

Pants with stripes and cutaway coat, perfect fits

Puttin' on the Ritz

Dressed up like a million-dollar trouper

Trying hard to look like Gary Cooper (super duper)

Come, let's mix where Rockefellers

Walk with sticks or umbrellas in their mitts

Puttin' on the Ritz

Dressed up like a million-dollar trouper

Trying hard to look like Gary Cooper (super duper)

If you're blue, and you don't know where to go to

Why don't you go where fashion sits?

Puttin' on the Ritz

Puttin' on the Ritz

Puttin' on the Ritz

Puttin' on the Ritz

Downtown, uptown

Get your kicks at the Ritz

Dine and wine, but not 'til nine

The time is right for us tonight

We can move

Move to the rhythm

We can

Move

Move

I want you to move
# Jester

Painting of a jester
A **jester**, **joker**, **fool**, or **buffoon**, is a type of entertainer mostly (but not always) associated with the Middle Ages. Jesters typically wore brightly colored clothing. Their hats, sometimes called the *cap ’n bells* or *cockscomb*, were special; made of cloth, they were floppy with three points (liripipes) each of which had a jingle bell at the end.

The three points of the hat represent the asses' ears and tail worn by jesters when they first appeared. Other typical things about the jester were his constant laughter and his mock scepter, known as a *bauble* or *maharoof.*

## Other websites

* BBC News site story about the Tongaon Royal Jester's involvement in financial scandal 2003
* Royal decree proclaiming the Jester title by the Tongan Royal 1999 Archived 2012-11-06 at the Wayback Machine
* BBC News site story about Kester the Jester's appointment to English Heritage 2004
* University of California, Berkeley Online Medieval and Classical Library (OMACL) & links for medieval studies Archived 2005-09-17 at the Wayback Machine
* Picture of Will Somers with Henry the Eighth Archived 2007-02-10 at the Wayback Machine
* Mulla Nasruddin Archived 2008-02-14 at the Wayback Machine
* Gesundheit! Institute
* Shakespeare search engine - A keyword search such as "fool", "folly", "jester" or "clown" reveals every reference in Shakespeare Archived 2007-08-20 at the Wayback Machine
* *The Court Jester* (1956) on IMDb
* Rumpelstiltskin - A rare modern day jester with an impressive resumé Archived 2007-08-29 at the Wayback Machine
* Fooling Around the World (A history of the court jester)
* Foolish Clothing: Depictions of Jesters and Fools in the Middle Ages and Renaissance What 14th-16th century jesters wore and carried, as seen in illustrations and museum collections
* *The Funnyman* on IMDb
# Southern American plantations

**Southern American plantations** are the various plantations of the Antebellum southern US. Such plantations could be whole towns in their own right, with chapels, workshops, slave shacks, etc. At the heart of the plantation was usually a Greek-revival style house occupied by the owner and his family. The main *plantation mansion* usually has a portico or columned porches. So many plantation houses were constructed in the Greek-revival style that it's sometimes called the *plantation style*. The hierarchy of an antebellum plantation was akin to that of a feudal manor during the medieval era.
# Jerry Zucker

| Jerry Zucker |
| --- |
| Zucker on November 4, 2006 |
| Born | Jerry Gordon Zucker  (1950-03-11) March 11, 1950 Milwaukee, Wisconsin, U.S. |
| Occupation(s) | Film director, producer, screenwriter |
| Years active | 1976–present |
| Spouse |
Janet Krausz ​(m. 1987)​ |
| Children | 2 |
| Family | David Zucker (brother) |

**Jerry Gordon Zucker** (born March 11, 1950) is an American movie producer, director, and screenwriter. He is known for his role in directing comedy spoof movies such as *Airplane!* and *Top Secret!*. He also wrote the Best Picture-nominated supernatural drama movie *Ghost*. He and his older brother, David Zucker, worked on many movies together.

## Other websites

* Jerry Zucker on IMDb
# Elmer Fudd

| Elmer J. Fudd (originally known as Egghead) |
| --- |
| *Looney Tunes/Merrie Melodies* character |
| First appearance | **Egghead**: *Egghead Rides Again* (1937) **Elmer Fudd**: *Elmer's Candid Camera* (1940) |
| Last appearance | **Egghead**: *Looney Tunes: Back in Action* (2003) |
| Created by | **Egghead**: Tex Avery **Elmer Fudd**: Chuck Jones |
| Voiced by | Danny Webb or Cliff Nazarro (sources differ; 1937–1939) Arthur Q. Bryan (1939–1959) Mel Blanc (1943; 1950; 1957; 1972–1989) Dave Barry (1958) Hal Smith (1960–1961) Roy Firestone (1988) Jeff Bergman (1990–1992; 2002; 2015–present) Greg Burson (1990–2001) Joe Alaskey (1991–1992) Tom Kenny (1995–2001) Frank Welker (1995) Billy West (1996–present) Bill Farmer (1999) Noel Blanc (2005) (see below) |
| Information |
| Aliases | Egghead |
| Species | Human |
| Gender | Male |
| Occupation | Hunter |

**Elmer Fudd** is a fictional hunter who tries to hunt Bugs Bunny and Daffy Duck. He appears on the animated cartoon series *Looney Tunes*.
# Drone (music)

In music, a **drone** is a note which sounds all the time while a piece of music is played. Some folk instruments always make a drone when they are played: bagpipes and hurdy gurdies in European culture, sitars in Indian music, and many other instruments in Asian and African music. Sometimes more than one drone is heard (often two notes which are a fifth apart).

Music with drones has to have simple harmonies because it is not possible to modulate to different keys. Other things can make up for this, for example, Scottish bagpipe music has lots of little ornamental notes to make it interesting.

Some Western Composers liked to use a drone (especially one in fifths) to make it sound like bagpipes or other folk instruments. Bach, François Couperin and other Baroque composers often called such pieces "Musette" (the French for "bagpipes"). Sometimes they did this in orchestral music: Haydn used a drone in the last part of his Symphony No. 104 to accompany a folk tune.

## Related pages

* Pedal point
# LaRue County, Kentucky

| LaRue County |
| --- |
| County |
| LaRue County courthouse in Hodgenville in 2022 |
| Location within the U.S. state of Kentucky |
| Kentucky's location within the U.S. |
| Coordinates: ﻿ / ﻿ |
| Country |  United States |
| State |  Kentucky |
| Founded | 1843 |
| Named for | John LaRue |
| Seat | Hodgenville |
| Largest city | Hodgenville |
| Area |
|  • Total | 264 sq mi (680 km2) |
|  • Land | 262 sq mi (680 km2) |
|  • Water | 2.1 sq mi (5 km2)  0.8% |
| Population (2020) |
|  • Total | 14,867 |
|  • Density | 56/sq mi (22/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC−5 (Eastern) |
|  • Summer (DST) | UTC−4 (EDT) |
| Congressional district | 2nd |
| Website | www.laruecounty.org |

**LaRue County** is a county in Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 14,867. Its county seat is Hodgenville, a city best known as the birthplace of United States President Abraham Lincoln.
# Baltimore Plot

A political cartoon criticizing Lincoln in 1862
The **Baltimore Plot** was a plan by pro-slavery owners in late February 1861 to assassinate President-elect of the United States Abraham Lincoln. The plan was to kill Lincoln while he was on his way to his inauguration.

Allan Pinkerton, founder of the Pinkerton National Detective Agency, played a key role by being in charge of Lincoln's security throughout the journey. Though scholars debate whether or not the threat was real, clearly Lincoln and his advisors believed that there was a threat and took actions to make sure he traveled safely through Baltimore, Maryland. This was where Lincoln's plotted assassination would have happened.

Lincoln arrived secretly in Washington, D.C. on February 23, 1861. A planned train route through Bellaire, Ohio, to Wheeling, Virginia (West Virginia had yet to break off from Virginia) and eastward, was redirected up through the Pittsburgh through Pennsylvania, into Maryland and eventually to Washington.

For the remainder of his presidency, Lincoln's many critics would call him a coward because he was in disguise while travelling secretly to Washington.
# Union (American Civil War)

Map of the division of the states during the Civil War. Blue represents Union states, including those admitted during the war; light blue represents Union states which permitted slavery (border states). Red shows Confederate states. Unshaded areas were not states before or during the Civil War.
During the American Civil War, the **Union** meant the federal government of the United States, which was supported by the twenty free states and five border states. It was opposed by 11 Southern slave states. The Union states included the Western states of California, Oregon, and (after 1864) Nevada. They also included states then called the "Old Northwest" and now usually thought to be part of the Midwest. However, the Union has been also often called "the North", both then and now. The Union states were mostly richer and more industrialized.

The Union states were:

* California
* Connecticut
* Delaware
* Illinois
* Indiana
* Iowa
* Kansas
* Kentucky
* Maine
* Maryland
* Massachusetts
* Michigan
* Minnesota
* Missouri
* Nevada
* New Hampshire
* New Jersey
* New York
* Ohio
* Oregon
* Pennsylvania
* Rhode Island
* Vermont
* West Virginia
* Wisconsin

## Related pages

* Union Army

* Current, Richard N. (1994). *Lincoln's Loyalists: Union Soldiers from the Confederacy*. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-508465-9.
* Mackey, Robert R. (2004). *The UnCivil War: Irregular Warfare in the Upper South*. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN 0-8061-3624-3.
# Colony of Virginia

Map of the Colony of Virginia during the pre-Revolutionary era
The **Colony of Virginia** (also known as **Virginia Colony**) was the first of thirteen colonies in North America.

## Location

When the Virginia Colony was first settled, it was a huge geographic area that was England's claim on all of North America.

After the United States was formed, the new government formed all of these areas from the Colony of Virginia:

* The entire state of Illinois
* The entire state of Indiana
* The entire state of Kentucky
* The entire state of West Virginia
* Parts of Ohio
* Virginia

## Name

The name Virginia was first applied by Sir Walter Raleigh and Queen Elizabeth I in 1584.

After the English Civil War in the mid-17th century, King Charles II nicknamed the Virginia Colony "The Old Dominion". This name honored the Colony's loyalty to the British Crown during the Commonwealth of England era (a period from 1649-1660 when the monarchy was ended).

## History

A drawing in *Richard of Jamestown: A Story of the Virginia Colony* (1910) showing a man injured in an explosion
European explorers first found modern-day Virginia in the late 16th century. In 1584 England tried to establish its first colony in the New World: the Roanoke Colony. Because of the Anglo-Spanish War, nobody could return to re-supply the colony for four years. When ships finally arrived in 1590, the Roanoke colonists were mysteriously gone.

In 1607 Virginia was settled again at Jamestown by people working for the Virginia Company of London. This time, the colony succeeded. Jamestown became the first successful English settlement in the New World. However, the Virginia Company had its charter cancelled in 1624 for not making a profit. This meant they lost the legal rights to control the Virginia Colony.

At this point, the British Crown took over the colony. It remained an English colony until the American Revolution. Virginia was one of the first colonies to be made a state in the new United States of America.

## Related pages

* Thirteen Colonies
* Jamestown, Virginia
* Roanoke Colony
* States of the United States
* History of the United States
# Columbia University

Columbia University| View of Columbia |
| Motto | *In lumine tuo videbimus lumen* |
| Type | Private |
| Established | 1754 |
| Endowment | $13 billion |
| President | Minouche Shafik |
| Students | 34,782 |
| Undergraduates | 6,668 |
| Postgraduates | 25,880 |
| Location | New York City, New York, United States |
| Campus | Urban |
| Nickname | Lions |
| Mascot | Roaree the Lion

AAU, Ivy League, MAISA |
| Website | www.columbia.edu |
| Wikimedia | © OpenStreetMap |

**Columbia University** (officially **Columbia University in the City of New York**) is a research university in the United States. It is an Ivy League university and often considered one of the best in the world. It is the fifth oldest college in the United States.

It was ranked 2nd best college in the United States by Times Higher Education in 2017. It was ranked 8th best university in the world by U.S. News & World Report.

The university was founded as *King's College* by royal charter from King George II of Great Britain. It was the first college in New York, and the fifth college in the Thirteen Colonies. A lot of the money that paid for the school came from slavery. After the American Revolution it was renamed "Columbia College" in 1784 and renamed once again to "Columbia University" in 1896 when it moved to its current location in Morningside Heights.

Ninety-Six Nobel Prize winners have been at Columbia, the second most in the United States after Harvard University. Five Founding Fathers attended Columbia: Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, Robert Livingston, Gouverneur Morris and Egbert Benson. Three U.S. Presidents have attended Columbia: Barack Obama, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and Theodore Roosevelt. Ten Supreme Court Justices have attended Columbia including the most recent Associate Justice, Neil Gorsuch, and the first Chief Justice, John Jay. Other famous alumni include: Warren Buffett, Madeline Albright, and Lou Gehrig.

Columbia is home to the Pulitzer Prize for good work in journalism, literature and music. FM radio was created at Columbia. The school is where the foundation of modern genetics was discovered. Its Morningside Heights campus was the first North American site where the uranium atom was split.

Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons and College of Dental Medicine are in Washington Heights in Northern Manhattan.

## Other websites

* Columbia's homepage
* Columbia School of General Studies
* Columbia Daily Spectator - second oldest student newspaper in the nation
# William H. Seward

| William Henry Seward |
| --- |
|  |
|  |
| 24th United States Secretary of State |
| **In office** March 5, 1861 – March 4, 1869 |
| President | Abraham Lincoln Andrew Johnson |
| Preceded by | Jeremiah S. Black |
| Succeeded by | Elihu B. Washburne |
| 14th Governor of New York |
| **In office** January 1, 1839 – December 31, 1842 |
| Lieutenant | Luther Bradish |
| Preceded by | William L. Marcy |
| Succeeded by | William C. Bouck |
| United States Senator from New York |
| **In office** March 4, 1849 – March 3, 1861 |
| Preceded by | John A. Dix |
| Succeeded by | Ira Harris |
|  |
| Personal details |
| Born | (1801-05-16)May 16, 1801 Florida, New York, U.S. |
| Died | October 10, 1872(1872-10-10) (aged 71) Auburn, New York, U.S. |
| Cause of death | Respiratory failure |
| Political party | Whig, Republican |
| Spouse(s) | Frances Adeline Seward |
| Children | Augustus Henry Seward Frederick William Seward Cornelia Seward William Henry Seward, Jr. Frances Adeline Seward Olive Risley Seward (adopted) |
| Alma mater | Union College |
| Profession | Lawyer, Land Agent, Politician |
| Signature |  |

**William Henry Seward** (May 16, 1801–October 10, 1872) was an American politician. He was the fourteenth Governor of New York, and later a United States Senator. He was also the United States Secretary of State for two presidents, Abraham Lincoln and Andrew Johnson. He was very much against slavery. He was an important person in the Republican Party when it was starting. Many people thought he would be nominated by the Republican Party to run for President of the United States in 1860, but that did not happen.

On the night that President Abraham Lincoln was killed, someone also tried to kill Seward. For the rest of his life, Seward had scars on his face from the attack. Later, the man who attacked him was caught and put to death.

When Seward was Secretary of State, he arranged for the United States to buy Alaska from Russia. People made fun of him for doing that. They called it "Seward's Folly". When asked what he thought was the most important thing he did as Secretary of State, Seward said "The purchase of Alaska—but it will take the people a generation to find it out".

## Other websites

 Media related to William H. Seward at Wikimedia Commons
# Union Army

The 21st Michigan Infantry, a company of Sherman's veterans.
The **Union Army** was the name of the army that fought for the Union during the American Civil War. It was also known as the Federal Army, the U.S. Army, the Northern Army, or the National Army.

## Structure

It consisted of the small United States Army (the regular army), increased by many regiments supplied by the Northern states militias. Most soldiers were volunteers but some were drafted.

## History

The Union Army fought and defeated the Confederate States Army during the war, from 1861 to 1865. Of the 2.5 million men who served in the Union Army during the war, about 9.5% were African American, about 360,000 died from being hurt in battle, disease, and 280,000 were wounded.