Rikunarita-ORG/Wikinium huggingface dataset:
# International Union for Conservation of Nature

IUCN|  |
| Company type | International organization |
| Industry | Natural resource conservation |
| Founded | October 1948, Fontainebleau, France |
| Headquarters | Rue Mauverney 28, 1196 Gland, Switzerland |
| Key people | Mr. Valli Moosa Ms. Julia Marton-Lefèvre |
| Revenue | SFr 99,348 (2005) |
| Operating income | 3,145,000 Swiss franc (2024)  |
| Net income | 6,313,000 Swiss franc (2024)  |
| Total assets | 224,161,000 Swiss franc (2024)  |
| Number of employees | *approx. 1,100 (worldwide)* |
| Website | www.iucn.org |

The **International Union for Conservation of Nature** (**IUCN**) is an international organization set up to protect plants, animals and habitats. It was first called the "World Conservation Union." It was started in 1948, with its main office in Gland, Switzerland. The IUCN brings together 83 states, 108 government agencies, 766 Non-governmental organizations and 81 international organizations and about 10,000 experts and scientists from countries around the world.

IUCN's purpose is to influence, encourage and assist countries around the world to conserve the quality and diversity of nature. It also has to make sure that any use of natural resources is fair and sustainable without harming the earth.

## History

The first Director General of UNESCO, (Sir Julian Huxley) wanted to give UNESCO a more scientific base. He set up a meeting to start a new organisation to protect nature.

At the first meeting at Fontainebleau, France, on 5 October, 1948, 18 governments, seven international organisations, and 107 national nature conservation organisations agreed to form the International Union for the Protection of Nature.

From the start the most important task has been to explore and develop arrangements that can allow development as well as helping people and nations to better preserve their flora and fauna. The IUCN has always argued that needs of local communities, people and nations have to be the main part of a conservation plan. Areas needing protection and threatened species would be best protected:

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| “ | if local people considered it in their own interest to do so. Working with rather than against local people became a major working principle for IUCN. | ” |
|   | — Page 61 |

The IUCN now has offices in many of the nations around the world. It is able to provide the services of a large group of mainly voluntary specialists, providing local level advice and conservation services.

## Related pages

* IUCN Red List of Threatened Species

## Other websites

* IUCN official website
* Friends of World Heritage A non-profit organization that identifies projects that support local tourism activities that can help provide jobs and protect World Heritage sites.
* Review of the 2008 Red List of Threatened Species Archived 2010-08-10 at the Wayback Machine
# Least concern

**Least concern** is a term used by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) to talk about living things that are not endangered. They do not need to be worried about because there are many of them found at the time of classification.

## Mammals

Here is a list of mammals that are least concern. They include:

* African civet
* African golden wolf
* African linsang
* Amazon weasel
* American badger
* American hog-nosed skunk
* Angolan genet
* Antarctic fur seal
* Asian badger
* Asian palm civet
* Back-striped weasel
* Black-backed jackal
* Black-gilded pipistrelle
* Bobcat
* Brown fur seal
* Brown palm civet
* Burmese ferret-badger
* California sea lion
* Canada lynx
* Cape bushbuck
* Cape genet
* Caracal
* Chinese ferret-badger
* Collared pipistrelle
* Common genet
* Coppery pipistrelle
* Cougar
* Coyote
* Crab-eating fox
* Culpeo
* Darwin's fox
* Egyptian weasel
* Eurasian lynx
* European badger
* European polecat
* Fennec fox
* Geoffroy's cat
* Giant forest genet
* Golden jackal
* Golden palm civet
* Guadalupe fur seal
* Haussa genet
* Honey badger
* Hooded skunk
* Humboldt's hog-nosed skunk
* Jaguarundi
* Japanese badger
* Javan ferret-badger
* Juan Fernández fur seal
* Jungle cat
* Large Indian civet
* Least weasel
* Leopard cat
* Long-tailed weasel
* Malayan civet
* Malayan weasel
* Masked palm civet
* Minke whale
* Molina's hog-nosed skunk
* Necklace pipistrelle
* New Zealand fur seal
* North American river otter
* Nyala
* Ocelot
* Pardine genet
* Reddish-gray mouse lemur
* Rusty-spotted genet
* Saharan striped polecat
* Sand Cat
* Serval
* Servaline genet
* Siberian weasel
* Side-striped jackal
* Small Indian civet
* Small-toothed civet
* Social pipistrelle
* South American fur seal
* South American sea lion
* Southeastern myotis
* Southern spotted skunk
* Steppe polecat
* Stoat
* Striped hog-nosed skunk
* Striped polecat
* Striped skunk
* Subantarctic fur seal
* Western spotted skunk
* Wildcat
* White-tailed deer
* Wolf
* Yellow-bellied weasel

## Birds

Here is a list of birds that are least concern. They include:

* Black-banded fruit dove
* Common ground dove
* Dwarf fruit dove
* Eared dove
* Eclectus parrot
* Egyptian plover
* House sparrow
* Laughing dove
* Moreno's ground dove
* Orange fruit dove
* Rock dove
* Ruddy ground dove
* White-bellied green pigeon
* Mourning dove

## Reptiles

* Morelet's crocodile
* Nile crocodile
* Saltwater crocodile
* Spectacled caiman

## Fish

* Goliath tigerfish
* Flathead grey mullet

## Insects

* Asian tiger mosquito
# Mammal Species of the World

Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference is a standard reference work in mammalogy giving descriptions and bibliographic data for the known species of mammals. It is now in its third edition, published in late 2005, which was edited by Don E. Wilson and DeeAnn M. Reeder.

## Other websites

* Site hosted by Bucknell University
* search hosted by Bucknell University
* taxon browser on archived version of the Smithsonian website for MSW3
* *Mammal Species of the World* at Google Books
# Integrated Taxonomic Information System

The **Integrated Taxonomic Information System** (**ITIS**) is an American organization. It works with several federal agencies to unify the information gathered about different taxonomy of biological species. It provides a common database for these agencies to use. ITIS was originally formed in 1996.

## Other websites

* Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
* Canada Interface: Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS\*CA)
* Mexico Interface: Sistema Integrado de Información Taxonómica (SIIT\*MX) Archived 2007-06-13 at the Wayback Machine
* Brasil Interface: Sistema Integrado de Informação Taxonômica - (SIIT\*Brasil)
# Catalogue of Life

The Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life| Type of site | Taxonomic catalogue |
| Available in | English |
| URL | www.catalogueoflife.org |
| Commercial | No |
| Registration | Not required |
| Launched | June 2001 (2001-06) |
| Current status | Active |

The **Catalogue of Life** (**CoL**) is an online database. This database has all of the known species of animals, plants, fungi, and microorganisms. It was created in 2001. It combined the Species 2000 and the American Integrated Taxonomic Information System. The Catalogue is used by scientists, educators, and policy makers. The Catalogue is also used by the Biodiversity Heritage Library, the Barcode of Life Data System, *Encyclopedia of Life*, and the Global Biodiversity Information Facility. The Catalogue uses data from 165 other peer-reviewed databases. As of September 2022, the COL Checklist has 2,067,951 of the world's 2.2m species that taxonomists know about.

## Related pages

* ARKive
* Encyclopedia of Life
* Global Biodiversity Information Facility
* Integrated Taxonomic Information System
* Wikispecies

* Blundell N (2005). There's more to life on Earth. Telegraph Online, 8 Dec 2005 (retrieved 2012-05-03).

## Other websites

* Catalogue of Life: historical checklist downloads
* 2022 Annual Checklist, 2,065,448 species –
* 2021 Annual Checklist, 2,008,947 species –
* 2019 Annual Checklist, 1,900,983 species (incl. 63,418 extinct species)
* 2018 Annual Checklist, 1,803,488 species (incl. 59,284 extinct species)
* 2017 Annual Checklist, 1,713,852 species (incl. 49,346 extinct species)
* 2016 Annual Checklist, 1,640,969 species
* 2015 Annual Checklist, 1,606,554 species
* 2014 Annual Checklist, 1,578,063 species
* 2013 Annual Checklist, 1,352,112 species
* 2012 Annual Checklist, 1,404,038 species
* 2011 Annual Checklist, 1,347,224 species
* 2010 Annual Checklist, 1,257,735 species
* 2009 Annual Checklist, 1,160,711 species
* 2008 Annual Checklist, 1,105,589 species
* 2007 Annual Checklist, 1,008,965 species
* 2006 Annual Checklist, 884,552 species
* 2005 Annual Checklist, 526,323 species
* A list of contributing databases Archived 2022-05-14 at the Wayback Machine
# Animal Diversity Web

**Animal Diversity Web** (ADW) is an online database of the natural history, classification, species characteristics, conservation biology, and distribution information on many species of animals.

The website includes many photographs, hundreds of sound clips, and a virtual museum. This is a project that started at the University of Michigan.

## Other websites

* Animal Diversity Web
# Sachsenhausen concentration camp

Photo of Sachsenhausen concentration camp, by the royal air force, dated 1943. Exact date of photo is unknown.
**Sachsenhausen concentration camp** (officially called **Konzentrationslager Sachsenhausen**, or **KZ Sachsenhausen**) was a Nazi concentration camp that existed from 1936 to 1945. It was located near Oranienburg, just north of Berlin. Even though it was located in Oranienburg, it is different from Oranienburg concentration camp.

Between 1936 and 1945, over 200.000 people were detained at KZ Sachsenhausen. Medical experiments were carried out in KZ Sachsenhausen to test the effectiveness of drugs. People from Sachsenhausen were also forced to help produce goods used for war (such as weapons, or ammunition).

## List of notable inmates

* Stepan Bandera, Andriy Melnyk, Yaroslav Stetsko and Taras Bulba-Borovets, Ukrainian nationalist leaders interned between July 1941 and autumn 1944
* Tadeusz Banachiewicz, a Polish professor and astronomer
* Józef Klukowski, an Olympic medal-winning Polish sculptor
* Arthur Löwenstamm, rabbi of Spandau Synagogue
* Reverend Martin Niemöller, the author of the statement "First they came ..."
* Hans von Dohnányi, a German jurist who rescued Jews and fought the Nazi German regime, executed in April 1945
* Gottfried Graf von Bismarck-Schönhausen, grandson of Otto von Bismarck, an SS officer with foreknowledge of the 20 July plot to assassinate Hitler
* Trygve Bratteli, a Norwegian Labour Party figure, who later served as Norway's Prime Minister between 1973 and 1976