# ပၢႆးသၢႆႊၶွမ်ႇပိဝ်ႇတႃႇ

**ပႆႇၺႃႇပၢႆးသၢႆႊၶွမ်ႇပိဝ်ႇတႃႇ** (Computer science) ဢမ်ႇၼၼ် **ပႆႇၺႃႇၶွမ်ႇပိဝ်းထိင်း** (Computing science) ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ပၢႆးပႆႇၺႃႇ ဢၼ်ၶူၼ်ႉၶႂႃႉလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်း ထီႇဢူဝ်ႇရီႇ သၽေႃးတြႃး ဢၼ်ၵဵဝ်ႇလူၺ်ႈ လွၼ်ႉၶၢဝ်ႇ (Information) လွင်ႈၼပ်ႉတႂၢၵ်ႈ (Computing) သေ ပဵၼ်ပၢႆးပႆႇၺႃႇ ဢၼ်လဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်း လွင်ႈၸိုဝ်းတိုဝ်း ပိူင်သၢင်ႈၶွမ်ႇပိဝ်ႇတႃႇ (Computer system) ဢၼ်ၵေႃႈသၢင်ႈဝႆႉ တီႈၼိူဝ် ပိုၼ်ႉၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ၸဝ်ႈပၢႆးမေႃၶွမ်ႇပိဝ်ႇတႃႇ ၶဝ်ၼႆႉ ၶဝ်ၶူင်သၢင်ႈ လၢႆးၼပ်ႉသွၼ်ႇပဵၼ်ၸၼ်ႉ (Algorithm) ဢၼ်မီႈၼမ်ႉၵတ်ႉ တႃႇလႅၵ်ႈလၢႆႈလႆႈ၊ တႃႇဢွၵ်ႇၼႄလႆႈ၊ တႃႇၶူင်သၢင်ႈလႆႈ လွၼ်ႉၶၢဝ်ႇၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။

ၽၢႆႇတႂ်ႈ ပႆႇၺႃႇပၢႆးသၢႆႊၶွမ်ႇပိဝ်ႇတႃႇ ၼၼ်ႉ ၸႅၵ်ႇၽႄဝႆႉထႅင်ႈ ၵိင်ႇပၢႆးပႆႇၺႃႇမီးထႅင်ႈတင်းၼမ်ယဝ်ႉ။

* ထီႇဢူဝ်ႇရီၽၢႆႇၼပ်ႉသွၼ်ႇသုၵ်ႉယုင်ႈ
* ပႆႇၺႃႇၶွမ်ႇပိဝ်ႇတႃႇၶရၢပ်ႉၾဵၵ်ႉ
* ပႆႇၺႃႇၽရူဝ်ႇၶႅမ်းမိင်း
* ပႆႇၺႃႇလွင်ႈၵပ်းသိုပ်ႇၵူၼ်းလႄႈၶွမ်ႇပိဝ်ႇတႃႇ

ၵမ်ႈပႃႈၼမ်ၼႆ့ ၵႆႉလႄႈႁၼ်ပိူင်ႈ ၽူႈလူင်ႉလႅၼ်ႇပၢႆးသၢႆႈၶွမ်ႇပိဝ်ႇတႃႇ (Computer scientist) လႄႈ တင်း ၽူႈလူင်ႉလႅၼ်ႇၶွမ်ႇပိဝ်ႇတႃႇ ဢၼ်မီးၽၢႆႇ ပၢႆးမေႃလွၼ်ႉၶၢဝ်ႇ (Information technology) ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ဢမ်ႇၼၼ် ၵႆႉလႄႇႁၼ်ၽိတ်းဝႃႈ ပႆႇၺႃႇပၢႆးသၢႆႊၶွမ်ႇပိဝ်ႇတႃႇၼႆႉ မၼ်းၵဵဝ်ႇၵပ်းၵၼ်တင်း လွင်ႈမေႃ၊ လွင်ႁူႉ လွင်ႈၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်း ၶွမ်ႇပိဝ်ႇတႃႇ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။

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Computer science deals with the theoretical foundations of information, computation, and with practical techniques for their implementation and application.

## သၢႆပိုၼ်း

## ၽိုၼ်ဢိင်

## ၵျၢမ်းပပ်ႉလိၵ်ႈတႃႇလူ

Books
* Tucker, Allen B. (2004). *Computer Science Handbook* (2nd ed.). Chapman and Hall/CRC. ISBN 158488360X.
	+ "Within more than 70 chapters, every one new or significantly revised, one can find any kind of information and references about computer science one can imagine. [...] all in all, there is absolute nothing about Computer Science that can not be found in the 2.5 kilogram-encyclopaedia with its 110 survey articles [...]." (Christoph Meinel, *Zentralblatt MATH*)
* van Leeuwen, Jan (1994). *Handbook of Theoretical Computer Science*. The MIT Press. ISBN 0262720205.
	+ "[...] this set is the most unique and possibly the most useful to the [theoretical computer science] community, in support both of teaching and research [...]. The books can be used by anyone wanting simply to gain an understanding of one of these areas, or by someone desiring to be in research in a topic, or by instructors wishing to find timely information on a subject they are teaching outside their major areas of expertise." (Rocky Ross, *SIGACT News*)
* Ralston, Anthony; Reilly, Edwin D.; Hemmendinger, David (2000). *Encyclopedia of Computer Science* (4th ed.). Grove's Dictionaries. ISBN 156159248X.
	+ "Since 1976, this has been the definitive reference work on computer, computing, and computer science. [...] Alphabetically arranged and classified into broad subject areas, the entries cover hardware, computer systems, information and data, software, the mathematics of computing, theory of computation, methodologies, applications, and computing milieu. The editors have done a commendable job of blending historical perspective and practical reference information. The encyclopedia remains essential for most public and academic library reference collections." (Joe Accardin, Northeastern Illinois Univ., Chicago)

Selected papers
* Knuth, Donald E. (1996). *Selected Papers on Computer Science*. CSLI Publications, Cambridge University Press.
	+ "Covering a period from 1966 to 1993, its interest lies not only in the content of each of these papers — still timely today — but also in their being put together so that ideas expressed at different times complement each other nicely." (N. Bernard, *Zentralblatt MATH*)

Articles
* Peter J. Denning. *Is computer science science?*, Communications of the ACM, April 2005.
* Peter J. Denning, *Great principles in computing curricula*, Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education, 2004.
* Research evaluation for computer science, Informatics Europe report Archived 2011-07-20 at the Wayback Machine.. Shorter journal version: Bertrand Meyer, Christine Choppy, Jan van Leeuwen and Jorgen Staunstrup, *Research evaluation for computer science*, in Communications of the ACM, vol. 52, no. 4, pp. 31–34, April 2009.

Curriculum and classification
* Association for Computing Machinery. 1998 ACM Computing Classification System Archived 2008-08-28 at the Wayback Machine.. 1998.
* Joint Task Force of Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), Association for Information Systems (AIS) and IEEE Computer Society (IEEE-CS). Computing Curricula 2005: The Overview Report Archived 2014-10-21 at the Wayback Machine.. September 30, 2005.
* Norman Gibbs, Allen Tucker. "A model curriculum for a liberal arts degree in computer science". *Communications of the ACM*, Volume 29 Issue 3, March 1986.

## ႁဵင်းၵွင်ႉၽၢႆႇၼွၵ်ႈ

* Scholarly Societies in Computer Science Archived 2011-06-23 at the Wayback Machine.
* Best Papers Awards in Computer Science since 1996
* Photographs of computer scientists by Bertrand Meyer
* EECS.berkeley.edu

Bibliography and academic search engines
* CiteSeer*x* (article): search engine, digital library and repository for scientific and academic papers with a focus on computer and information science.
* DBLP Computer Science Bibliography (article): computer science bibliography website hosted at Universität Trier, in Germany.
* The Collection of Computer Science Bibliographies Archived 2011-06-07 at the Wayback Machine. (article)

Webcasts
* Directory of free university lectures in Computer Science Archived 2008-05-12 at the Wayback Machine.
* Collection of computer science lectures Archived 2011-04-28 at the Wayback Machine.
* UCLA Computer Science 1 Freshman Computer Science Seminar Section 1