# Lmɣrib

*Iɣ ur igi wad amnni lli tsiggilt, kcm s tasna n Mrrakc afad ad tẓṛt imnnitn akkʷ nna dar illa yism zun d wad!*

---

|  |
| --- |
| **Tagldit n Lmɣrib** ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ (tamaziɣt) المملكة المغربية (taɛrabt) |
|  Acnyal |  Tawmrigt |
| **Tanfalit** : *Akuc, Tamazirt, Agllid* *ⴰⴽⵓⵛ, ⴰⵎⵓⵔ, ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ* *الله، الوطن، الملك* |
| **Izli** : *Izli anamur n Lmɣrib*  |
|  Adɣar n Lmɣrib ɣ tfriqt |
| **Tamssugurt** |
| **Talɣa n uwank** | Tagldit |
| **Agllid** | Muḥmmad wiss sḍis |
| **Tutlayin tunṣibin** | Tamaziɣt d Taɛrabt |
| **Tutlayin yaḍn** | Tafransist |
| **Tamaẓunt** | Rrbaṭ |
| **Tarakalt** |
| **Tamdint akkʷ imqqurn** | Tigmmi Tumlilt |
| **Tajumma :** |
| • **Aɣrud** | 710,850 km² (tis 40) |
| • **Aman** % | 0.056 (250 km²) |
| **Akud adigan** | GMT 0 GMT 1 ɣ unbdu |
| **Amzruy** |
| **Idrisiyn** | 789 - 974 |
| **Imrabṭn** | 1060 - 1147 |
| **Imwaḥdin** | 1147 - 1248 |
| **Imarinen** | 1248 - 1465 |
| **Iwaṭṭasn** | 1472 - 1554 |
| **Isɛdiyn** | 1554 - 1659 |
| **Iɛalawiyn** | Zɣ 1666 ar ɣilad |
| **Taḍa n fas** | 30 mars 1912 |
| **Azarug :** |
| • **ZɣFransa** | 2 mars 1956 |
| • **ZɣṢbanya** | 17 ibrir 1956 |
| **Taraɣrft** |
| **Asmɣrf** | Imrriyn |
| **Imzdaɣ :** |
| • **Assiḍn 2014** | 3 848 242(tis 38) |
| • **Tanẓẓi** | 77,71/km² |
| **Tadmsa** |
| **Afars amadday ustiy** (TTT) **2015** |
| • **Aɣrud** | 274.53 mlyar dular |
| • **I yan** | 8,194 dular |
| **Afars amadday ustiy** (Asmawan) **2015** |
| • **Aɣrud** | 103.08 mlyar dular |
| • **I yan** | 3,077 dular |
| **Tamatart n jini (2007)** | 40.9 |
| **Tamatart n tnflit tanfgant** | 0.647 (tis 123) |
| **Aqariḍ** | Adrhm |
| **Isfka yaḍn** |
| **Tasga n undah** | Tafasiyt |
| **Tanglt n utilifun** | +212 |
| **Tangalt n tmazirt** | MA |
| **Tangalt n wantirnit** | .ma |

**Murakuc** niɣ **Lmɣrib** (s tutlayt taɛṛabt : « المغرب », *al-Maɣrib* ; s ugmmay n tfinaɣ : « ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ », *Lmɣrib*) nɣ s yism nns amaddud **Tagldit n Lmɣrib** (s tɛṛabt: « المَمْلَكَةُ المَغْرِبِيَّة », *al-Mamlaka al-Maɣribiya* ; s ugmmay n tfinaɣ : « ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ », *Tagldit n Lmɣrib*) tga yat tmazirt, ig yan uwank agldan, tlla ɣ ugafa utrim n tafriqt, tg yat zɣ tmizar n tmazɣa. Tamaẓunt nns tga tt Rrbaṭ, d tiɣrmt da akkʷ gis imqqurn tga tt Tgmmi Tumlilt.

Timdinin nns imqqurn gan-tnt Fas, Mṛṛakc, Sla, Mknas, Agadir, Asfi, Ṭanja, Tiṭṭawn, Wujda, Lɛyun, Lḥusima, Bni Mllal, Lqnḍrt, Warzazat d Ddaxla. Iḥudda-tt-id zɣ ugafa ill agrakal, zɣ unẓul Muriṭanya, zɣ ugmuḍ tamazirt n Dzayer, zɣ utaram iḥudda-tt-id yill Aṭalanti. Tamazirt ad tɣʷi kra n 710.850 km², d zdɣn gis kra n 36 id mlyun n middn iɣ nẓṛa tqdirat n usggʷas n 2019. Iga Lmɣrib agmam ɣ wammas n Iwunak Munnin zɣ usggʷas n 1956, d iga yan zɣ tmizar lli-d iskrn Tamunt n Lmɣrib Mqqurn ɣ usggʷas n 1989.

Tṭṭaf tmazirt n Lmɣrib yan wanaw n tnbaḍt igan tagldit tadusturant, agllid nns iga t Muḥammad wis-sḍiṣ, nttan ad ittnbaḍn tamazirt zɣ usggʷas n 1999 lliɣ immut babas Ḥasan Wis Sin. Tṭṭaf tmazirt ad ula yan udustur ar sis tswuri zɣ usggʷas n 2011, nttan a f ṣwwṭn tugt n inmurn.

Anssixf nɣ amawas amzwaru lli illan ɣil-ad iga-t Ɛaziz Axnnuc, lli igan anssixf n Ugraw Anamur i Insimann.

## Aẓur n yism

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
|

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |    Imnnitn lli sis iẓlin : {{{Imnnitn}}} |

 |

Tawlaft n iqariḍn n Lmḍrib ar skarn 25 suntim, win usggʷas n 1924. Ittyara gisn ism n Lmḍrib s tutlayt taɛrabt d tanfransist.
Ism n « Lmɣrib » ikka-d taɛṛabt. Anamk nns iga-t ɣilli ɣ ttggz tafukt. Ittyussan daɣ Lmɣrib ɣ dar imaratn iɛrabn s « almaɣrib alaqṣa » (المغرب الأقصى) lli t-igan « *Lmeɣrib nna akkʷ yaggugen* », s unamk n « *adɣar akkʷ yaggugen nna ɣ tteggez tafukt* ».

Ism n *Amṛṛuk* s tmaziɣt « ⴰⵎⵕⵕⵓⴽ » iga asmẓi n yism anṣli *Murakuc* nɣ *Mrrakc*, aẓur n ism ad igat « Amur n wakuc », Assinf ad iwintid irwas tutlayin tiṛumiyin, ḍfṛn kullu ismawn lli akkant tmizar yaḍn taɣarast ad. Ar ttinin ifransawiyn « Maroc », isblyuniyn « Marruecos », Ibrtqqizn nɣ d iburtuɣaliyn ar ttinin « Marrocos », Ngalza ar ttinin « Morocco », Ilalmaniyn ar ttinin « Marokko ». Abla iturkiyn lli as ittinin « Fas », d iraniyn lli as ittinin « Murakuc ».

Ism aqbur lli s tettussan tamazirt n Lmɣrib igat « Muriṭanya », tkkatinn tagldit n Muriṭanya tga tagldit nna akk izwarn ɣ Lmɣrib, tsmun Lmɣrib n ɣila d tmazirt n Muriṭanya d imik ɣ Dzayr ( Ẓr Muriṭanya bac ad tssnt uggar ). Tfrn tt-id ismawn yaḍn zun d Mrrakc dar lmurabitin, d Fas.

## Amzruy

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
|

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |    Imnnitn lli sis iẓlin : {{{Imnnitn}}} |

 |

### Azrmzruy

Adɣar lli ɣ illa Lmɣrib ɣilad ikka-tt-inn ittuyzdaɣ zɣ uzmz aẓrwan aqbur, ɣ kra n wakud illan gr 190.000 d 90.000 m.ɛ (mnid ad ilul ɛisa). Tlla yat tiɣri tamaynut tzḍar ad tml mas t-inn ikka Lmɣrib ittuyzdaɣ urta akk tarix ad bɛd ma d ufan kra n ixsan n ufgan azayku ma mu ttinin Homosapiens tama n uftas n yill aṭlasi ɣ udrar n Iɣud lliɣ asn skrn taḥalil ufan mas lɛmr nnsn ar itturri s 315.000 q.ɛ, ɣayad ad yujjan ixsan ad ad gin tilli akk iqburn ɣ umaḍal akk.

Ɣ uzmz anaẓran (n uẓru) amaynu, uckand iṣyaḍn d imksawn, staqrn ɣ ṣavana n idɣarn nna. Tadlsa nnsn tsfalkay aylliɣ ibda waman ar t ittiliḥ bɛd 500 q.ɛ s ssbab n isnfal n unzwi. Idɣarn lli illan ɣ taman yill n Lmɣrib ɣ umzwaru n uzmz anaẓran amaynu tkka-tt-inn tmunn ddu yat tdlsa n lfxxar d tadlsa n idɣarn n yill agrakal. Tɣuriwin n tarkyulujit mlan masd ttadjin n tfunasin d tkrrazt s sin-itsn kkan-tt-inn ɣ uzmz ann. Ɣ uzmz n iɣir, tadlsa tajirsit tlkm ɣ-akud-ann s ugafa n Lmɣrib.

### Azmz aqbur

Dyana, yat takuct tarumiyt tlla ɣ tiɣrmt n Walili.
Tuckit n ifiniqin s iftasn imurwakucin yiwi s tsutin n unbaḍ n imẓẓin g yiẓẓlmḍ n Lmɣrib. Isbbabn ifiniqin iflayn tamnaḍt nɣd tasga n tagut ɣ yill umlil agrakal dat n tasut tiss tamt dat n tlalit n Ɛisa d dffir nns s imikk ṣkan tisgiyin n tisnt g yiftasn d isaffn n Lmɣrib. D gr timntawin mqqurnin izwarn n ifiniqin tlla g Cala, Liksus, d Mugadur.

Tucka-d tɣrma taqṛṭajit dat n tasut tiss smmust dat n tlalit n Ɛisa d tsmuzza n tkiriḍt nns ɣ iẓẓlmḍ n tafṛiqt. Qṛṭaj trna tazdiwin n tsbbabt nns d tqqbilin timaziɣin, d ar asn takka aqqaṛiḍ ku asggʷas afadd ad tḥḍu amyawas nnsn g tsarwa n tngiwin  timzwura.

Zzɣ tasut tiss kṛaḍt dat n tlalit n Ɛisa, tkkatt inn Muṛitanya tga tagldit taqqbilit tamaziɣt g ugʷmmaḍ agrakal n Lmɣrib, agllid i kullu iqqbuṛn ittussann mas inbḍ tagldit ad igat Baga, lli ynbḍn ɣ tasut tiss kṛaḍt dat n tlalit n Ɛisa d dffir nns yucka d Bukus amzwaru i ynbḍn gr 100 d 80 dat n tlalit, igldan imaziɣn ur ar yadlli bahra kkṛḍn iftasn, taɣawsa lli yssrxan akccum n iṛumin, ɣ-akud-ann aɣulnt kra n tsgiwin g Muṛiṭanya tga tamsddurruyt taṛumit g 33 dat n tlalit, d taɣul dffir nns kullut g usggʷas n 40 dffir n tlalit lliɣ inɣa umnukad Kaligula agllid Amuri Baṭelimus.

Rsma yann nit n takuct Dyana ɣ Walili.
Unuɣ n takuct Diyana g Walili, Ṛuma tkkṛḍ ikaliwn n Muritanya, i yadlli ur bahra ittuswttan, s imsasatn d tmyaqqanin d tqqbilin tiẓuṛanin d g udɣar ad ig azzaɣ asrdasan, d tsiriw tissas nns ɣar f tsgiwin iɣ a yadlli tlummaẓ gis, d iɣ ur a bahra tsɣawsa kigan n isrdasn afadd attn t tḥḍu .

Tamnaḍt ad taɣul tga agzzum ɣ tamnukda n Ṛuma d yaɣul wassaɣ nns igat Muṛitanya Taṭnjit d tga tɣrmt n Ṭanjis nɣ Ṭanja amnru nns. ɣ tizi lliɣ inbḍ amnkad aṛumani Agsṭus, inbbaḍn n Muritanya taṭnjit lli yadlli inbḍn tasgiwin n yiffus n Vulubilis nɣ Walili. Kra n inmzrayn ar ttinin mas tlm tamnukda taṛumanit ar Anfa (Ɣila tga Tigmmi tumlilt s yism).

Ɣ usggʷas n 285 tffuɣ tamnukda taṛumanit ɣ Lmɣrib d uckan-d iwindaln igan tiqqbilin zzɣ tamazirt n ijiṛmanin, d ḍaṛat nnsn Iquṭin d Ibiẓanṭin. Ɣ tizi yad kkantt inn middn g idrarn ur tn isdurri awd yan, is tn yadlli nbḍn inbbaḍn d imɣarn zzɣ gisn. Ackn-d ilmma wid iskarn tiɣri i tamasiḥt s Lmɣrib g tasut tiss snat, d kra n middn izdɣn g iḍuṛan ad d ismgan d kra n imkrazn kcmn s usgd ad amaynu lli tn id ilkmn.

### Azmz anammas

Azzaɣ amuslm n tsga n Lmɣrib amuzzur, issntin ɣ tuẓẓmt n tasut tiss sat n tlalit, d imurs g ussnti n tasut tiss tamt. Azzaɣ ad yiwi d Lislam d tutlayt tasrɣint s Lmɣrib. Dffir nns yiwrri Lmɣrib iga agzzum g uwank amawi g tfṛiqt, d isnbaḍn n ku tasgiwin ar ttustan zzɣ dar asnbaḍ imqquṛn g Lqirawan s tqbilin timaziɣin lli ikcmn lislam,macc awxxa ɣikan ɣaman f uslgn nnsn iqqbuṛn, d fkan argay I wawank amuslm amaynu. Uckan d kra n tqbilin tisrɣinin s Lmɣrib zdɣn gis d skrn tigldanin nnsn, zun d Ṣalḥ Bn Mnṣuṛ lli iṣkan tagldit n Nkkur d ifsr Lislam gr imzdaɣn n tgldit nns, tugtt n tikkal dffir lliɣ ar ttilin kigan n imnɣan.

Asmḍl n Ibn Baṭṭuṭa lli d iddrn gr 1304 d 1369 ɣ tamdint n Ṭanja.G 750 tel, tiqqbilin timaziɣin nkrn mgal n tgllit tamawit. Tagrawla tssnta g dar tiqqbilin illan g tagut n Lmɣrib d tfsr dɣya g tmnaḍt kullu. Waxxa tagrawla tdrus d s 742 tel, urta tlkm Lqiṛawan, d ur sul ẓḍaṛn dffir nns isnbaḍn imawin nɣd ignsas nnsn iεbbasin ad siwrrin anbaḍ nnsn f tagut n tfṛiqt. Lmɣrib g tizi yad iffuɣ afus n yimawin macc yiwrri ibḍa f kigan n tglda timaziɣin mẓẓinin zun d: Ibuṛɣwaṭin, Sijilmassa, Nkkur, d rnu fllasn Tilmsan, d Tahrt i yllan ɣilad g Dzayr g usggʷas n 789 tel, ittugma wawank aydrisi inbḍn Lmɣrib f g ufus n Idris iwis n Ɛbdllah, i yadlli irwln zzɣ yat tmdayt g usggʷas n 786 tel, d ifta s tɣrmt n Walili d tbrrkt taqqbilt n Uṛaba tamaziɣt, dffir nns issnta inmuzun nns ar kiɣ ilkm awank n Tamsna, Fizaz, d Tlmsan. Ar kiɣ t inɣa Haṛun Ṛṛacid s ustci, ilmma yumẓ iwis Idris wiss sin anbaḍ dffir nns lliɣ dars 12 usggʷas. Afrux ad igad argaz d issmɣur anbaḍ nns ar kiɣ yumẓ Lmɣrib kullut, d iṣka tiɣrmt n Fas.

Lliɣ iḍṛ unbaḍ Aydrisi, d zzɣ usggʷas 1060, ssntan t tidfrin timaziɣin ar ttnbaḍn Lmɣrib,  Awank amzwaru gitsn iga t uwank n Imṛabṭn zzɣ tqqbilt n ilmtunn lli iḍfuṛn i tqqbilt imqquṛn n yiẓnagn. Awank n Yimṛabṭn tmurs g ad tsmun tamazirt n Umurnwakuc. Dffir n Yimṛabṭn uckan d kigan n tglda tiyyaḍ zun d Imwwuḥḥidin, Imarinin, Iwṭṭasn, d Isεdin yat tḍfuṛ tayyaḍ d kraygat yat ar tskar amnru nns g iɣrman imqqurn g Lmɣrib ɣ akud ann. Tiɣrmin ad ar ttussanent ɣilad s tiɣrmun n tamnukda tamurwakucit. D ḍaṛat n tasut tiss 11 tel, buɣlan t teglda yad d urrint gan t idwasn imqquṛn g tagut n Tafṛiqt s usrag n tmnaḍin mqqurnin lli yadlli nbḍn gis d awr nttu ula Landalus. Lliɣ tḍr Landalus rurn kigan n imuslmn d udayn s Lmɣrib f yimnɣi lli ssnkrn t tgldanin timasiḥin, lli ittusann ɣilad s yimnɣan n usuwrruy.

### Azmz amaynu

G umzruy amaynu ɣaman Isεdin g unbḍ ar usggʷas n 1659. dffir nns tnunnt tdfrt n Iεalawin i yadlli inbḍn tagldit n Tfilalt zzɣ 1635. tadfrt ad tules tsmun Lmɣrib g usggʷas n 1666. G usggʷas n 1684 yurrid Mulay Smaεil iwis n Ccrif s Ṭanja zzɣ Ingliz d issnta ar ismun tiɣrmin n Lmɣrib g yan wawank imunn, mqqar ugint kra n teqqbilin addiss munnt, ikkattinn Lmɣrib ad igan awank amzwaru issikzn s tsimant n Mirikan g ussnti n tgrawla tamirikanit g usggʷas n 1787. Ukan kkan tt inn tinawin timirikanin ittkkan illan n Lmɣrib ar fllasn ttakʷayn imritln imaziɣn, dffir nns iɣtes ugllid Muḥmmad wiss kṛaḍ masd ku tinawin timirikanin rad magẓnt zzɣ tukyiwin n imritln g tetgart n tiddukla ittuskrn g usggʷas n 1777. d tatgart ad tga ɣilad zzɣ titgarin tiqqbuṛin itskr Mirikan, d i sul isuln ar ɣass ad.

Zzɣ tazwiri n tasut tiss 18 ibidd Lmɣrib mnid yat tgrawla imqqurn ittuzdan d tgrawla tamgurant tussnta g Uṛupa, d yurm Lmxzn ad iskr kigan n isuɣdn afad ad imun d usrus amaynu I'll an g mnid nns, d gr isuɣdn ad:

* Issnta Lmɣrib ar issifiḍ imuzar xf islulla d ikrḍ fllasn Lmxzn ad sskṛẓn tiḍaf afad ad ur tɣama tikki d temxxart, d tssgdl asnsr n iqqaṛiḍn n tmizar n bṛṛa.
* Iṣka wawank yat tinml tamaynut g Sela afad ad gis ttuɣran timassanin timaynutin n uzmz ann, d ar takka taggazt i yinlmadn, d tṣṣifḍ ismmigln s bṛṛa.
* Zzɣ ismmigln i yeṣṣifḍ uwank, kra n inlmadn skrn asmuttg dar udfrir n Urupa n tagut, d isɣa d ɣ akudan Lmxzn ilafn imaynutn d iṣka yan usakʷn n walaf g tɣrmt n Fas.

#### Lmxzn d tsrtit

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
|

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |    Tagzzumt ad txwa, ur gis illi umya. Aws ɣ tirra n tgzzumt ad! Manmk a rad skrɣ? |

 |

#### Lɛṣkṛ

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
|

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |    Tagzzumt ad txwa, ur gis illi umya. Aws ɣ tirra n tgzzumt ad! Manmk a rad skrɣ? |

 |

#### Tadamsa

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
|

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |    Tagzzumt ad txwa, ur gis illi umya. Aws ɣ tirra n tgzzumt ad! Manmk a rad skrɣ? |

 |

### Azmz iqṛṛbn

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
|

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |    Tagzzumt ad txwa, ur gis illi umya. Aws ɣ tirra n tgzzumt ad! Manmk a rad skrɣ? |

 |

## Tasrtit d tmrsal

Agllid n tmazirt Muḥammad wis-sḍiṣ
### Angraw n tnbaḍt

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
|

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |    Tagzzumt ad txwa, ur gis illi umya. Aws ɣ tirra n tgzzumt ad! Manmk a rad skrɣ? |

 |

### Adustur d tmrsal

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
|

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |    Tagzzumt ad txwa, ur gis illi umya. Aws ɣ tirra n tgzzumt ad! Manmk a rad skrɣ? |

 |

### Acnyal d izli anamur

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
|

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |    Tagzzumt ad txwa, ur gis illi umya. Aws ɣ tirra n tgzzumt ad! Manmk a rad skrɣ? |

 |

### Tibḍit tamssugurt

#### Tasgiwin

Ɣ usggʷas n 2015 ttusnfln tasgiwin n tmazirt aylliɣ skrn gisnt sin d mraw n tsgiwin ad tnt igan :

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. Tamnaḍt n Ṭanja-Tiṭwan-Lḥusima
2. Tamnaḍt n Agmuḍ
3. Tamnaḍt n Fas-Mknas
4. Tamnaḍt n Rrbaṭ-Sla-Lqnḍrt
5. Tamnaḍt n Tigmmi Tumlilt-Sṭṭat
6. Tamnaḍt n Bni Mllal-Xnifra | Timnaḍin n tmazirt n lmɣrib s snat d mrawt itsnt | 7. Tamnaḍt n Mrrakc-Asfi
8. Tamnaḍt n Dra-Tafilalt
9. Tamnaḍt n Sus-Massa
10. Tamnaḍt n Glmim-Asif Nun
11. Tamnaḍt n Lɛyun-Tala Tazggaɣt
12. Tamnaḍt n Ddaxla-Asif n Wurɣ |

#### Timdinin mqqurnin

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
|

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |    Imnnitn lli sis iẓlin : {{{Imnnitn}}} |

 |

Llan ɣ tmazirt n Lmɣrib kigan n timdinin d iɣrman zun d ukan akk tmizar n umaḍal. Ilin kra n 70 tmdinin nna ɣ illa uggar n 50 000 umzdaɣ, talli akk gisn imqqurn tga tt tiɣrmt n Tigmmi tumlilt s yan uṭṭun imzdaɣ iqrbn ukan aylkm 4 imlyunen n middn.

Ar aɣ immal uɣawas ad lli illan ddaw as mraw timdinin lli akk imqqurn ɣ tmazirt d mnck n imzdaɣ ad gisnt illant.

|  Tigmmi Tumlilt  Rrbaṭ  Fas  Mrrakc | Anmala | Tamdint | Tamnaḍt | Amḍan n imzdaɣn |  Agadir  Ṭanja  Sla  Wujda |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Tigmmi Tumlilt | Tigmmi Tumlilt-Sṭṭat | 3,359,818 |
| 2 | Fas | Fas-Mknas | 1,112,072 |
| 3 | Ṭanja | Ṭanja-Tiṭwan-Lḥusima | 947,952 |
| 4 | Mrrakc | Mrrakc-Asfi | 928,850 |
| 5 | Sla | Rrbaṭ-Sla-Lqnḍrt | 890,403 |
| 6 | Mknas | Fas-Mknas | 632,079 |
| 7 | Rrbaṭ | Rrbaṭ-Sla-Lqnḍrt | 577,827 |
| 8 | Wujda | Tagmuḍant | 494,252 |
| 9 | Lqnḍrt | Rrbaṭ-Sla-Lqnḍrt | 431,282 |
| 10 | Agadir | Sus-Massa | 421,844 |

## Tarakalt

Lmɣrib iga yat tmazirt lli ɣ illa ttanawuɛ bahra imqqurn ɣ ammas n imuɣliyn nns, ar gis nntafa kraygat anaw n ugama, zun d : idrarn, izaɣarn, tanrẓuft ...

*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
|

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |   *Adr f kra n twlaft afad ad tt tssimɣurt* |

 |

Iwala Lmɣrib i tmizar lli iṭṭafn wakal izdin d yill aṭlasi, izf n uftas nns igatt Ixf n Spartil, lli illan ɣ ugafa n tmazirt, ɣ tsga yaḍn n wakal ar nttafa Djabal Ṭariq, ɣ yixf ad nit a ɣ ibddu yill agrakal. Ɣ yiffus akkʷ d yiffus agmuḍan ar nttafa tanrẓuft tamɣrabit. Ɣ tuẓẓumt n tmazirt llan gis idrarn d izaɣarn.

Iṭṭaf Lmɣrib iwtta nns ɣ ugafa d yill agrakal, ɣ iffus Muriṭanya, ɣ ugmuḍ tamazirt n Dzayer, ɣ utaram iḥudda-ttid yill Aṭalanti. Tmazirt ad tumẓ yat tjumma n 710.850 km². Tmaẓunt nns iga-tt Rrbaṭ, d timdinin nns imqqurn gan-tn Fas, Mrrakc, Sla, Mknas, Agadir, Asfi, Ṭanja, Tiṭṭawn, Wujda, Lɛyun, Lḥusima, Bni Mllal, Lqnḍrt, Warzazat d Ddaxla.

### Anzwi

Adfl ɣ Ifran
Anzwi n tmazirt n Lmɣrib ur igi yan, kraygat tsga ɣ tmazirt ad dars yan unzwi ur irwasn tasgiwin yaḍnin, ar nttafa anzwi anammasan (amutawaṣṣiṭi) ɣ ugafa n tmazirt, anzwi amuḥiṭi ɣ utaram, d unzwi anrẓufan (aṣḥrawi) ɣ iffus. Idɣarn nna ɣ illa yill gisn yan unzwi iɛdln izuzwan. Azgn n ugafa ar gis zrayn sin wannazn: annaz iɣurn (iqqurn) ar ittack ɣ gr ayyur wis-smmus d wis-tẓa n usggʷas, d wannaz lliɣ ar ittili unẓar ar ittack ɣ gr wayyur wis-mraw d wis-kkuẓ. Amma iffus n tmazirt illa gis yan unzwi igan aṣḥrawi iqqurn iḥman zun d kamit. Ar itettar unzwi n tmazirt s yat tumant tamaḍut tga tt ma mu nttini argigi n ugafa aṭlasi. Tumant ad ar tettḥkkam ɣ unẓar d udfl lli-d ittackan s Lmɣrib zɣ tsga n yill aṭlasi.

### Idrarn

Uggar n tulutayn n tmazirt n Lmɣrib gis ɣar idrarn, ar tlkkm tiɣzi n kra n idrarn n tmazirt ad uggar n 4000 m ɣ iggi yill. Adrar n Tubqal ay-gan yixf n idrarn ad d nttan ad akk gisn iɣzzifn, tlkn tiɣzi nns 4167 m. Lmɣrib iga tmazirt waḥdat ɣ tmazɣa aɣ llan salasil n idrarn ikmmln ad t igan idrarn n waṭlas lli nẓḍar ad nbḍu idrarn ad s kraḍ n trabbutin: Aṭlas mẓẓiyn, aṭlas mqqurn d aṭlas anammas. Ad ur nttu ula idrarn n rrif lli llan ɣ ugafa n tmazirt, adrar lli akk gisn iɣzifn igatt adrar n Tidɣin s yat tiɣzi n 2456 m.

#### Idrarn n waṭlas

Idrarn n waṭlas mẓẓiyn d afa lli d itbayyan ɣ tuẓẓumt n tawlaft igatt Afa n tmzgadiwin (Adrar n Lkst)

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
|

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |    Imnnitn lli sis iẓlin : {{{Imnnitn}}} |

 |

Idrarn n Waṭlas gan yat trabbut imqqurn n idrarn illan ɣ tfriqt n ugafa. Idrarn ad umẓn zɣ iffus utrim n Lmɣrib ar ugafa n Tuns. Gisn ar nttafa udrar n Tubqal lli igan adrar akkʷ iɣzzifn ɣ ammas n tmazɣa s yat tiɣzi ilkmn uggar n 4000m.

Ɣ Lmɣrib, nẓḍar ad nbḍu idrarn ad s kraḍ n trabbutin, ar nttafa :

##### Aṭlas mẓẓiyn

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
|

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |    Imnnitn lli sis iẓlin : {{{Imnnitn}}} |

 |

Idrarn n waṭlas mẓẓiyn ɣʷin yat tjumma imqqurn ɣ wakal n iffus n tmazirt zɣ yill aṭlasi ɣ iffus utaram ar iffus agmuḍan iɣ akk tzrit tasgiwin n Warzazat tlkmt tiɣrmt n Tafilalt (tumẓ ɣin tqriban kra n 500km n uzaru). Ɣ iffus dars iwtta d tnrẓuft (ṣṣḥra). Adrar lli akk illan ɣ ugmuḍ n idrarn ad iga tt adrar n Saɣru, d iṭṭaf iwtta ɣ ugafa d idrarn n waṭlas mqqurn. Afa n idrarn ad iga tt adrar n Sirwa lli yadli igan yan uburkan, tlkm tiɣzi nns 3304 m.

Tawlaft n udrar n Tubqal iswrt upilot afransawi Walter Mittelholzer
##### Aṭlas mqqurn

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
|

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |    Imnnitn lli sis iẓlin : {{{Imnnitn}}} |

 |

Idrarn n waṭlas mqqurn nɣd Adrar n Drn gan idraren li kullu imqqurn ɣ tmazirt n umrruk. Iga Tubqal ixf n idrarn ad, nttan a-kullu gisn iɣzifen , yili ɣ tiɣzi n 4167 m. Idrarn ad bḍun Amrruk fsnat tsgiwin mqqurnin, yat bahra irɣan tḥbu fllas azazwu d yat ifan udm ns i yill ɣayn af tfulki bahra ɣ uzazwu nns.

Ar ttini kra n middn i idraran ad Adrar n Drn acku nttni ad yakkan tudrt i izaɣarn d igmmaḍn d kullu ikaliwn n tmazirt n umrruk acku nttni ad tkkan waman lli-f tbidd tudert n kraygat targant wala imuidar.

Adrar n Tubqal iga yan udrar illan ɣ ammas n idraren n waṭlas mqquṛn. Nettan ad akkʷ ittawssan nger idraren n lmɣrib acku nttat ad akk gisn iɣzzif, tiɣzi nns tugr 4000m. Adrar n tubqal assaɣ ns aẓuṛan iga tt tugga akal s tmaziɣt iga adrar i kullu yattuyn ɣ iẓẓlmḍ n tafṛiqt d wiss sin ɣ tfṛiqt ffir n udrar n kilimangaru. d illa ɣ tizult n aṭlas amqqran, ɣ tmazirt n umur n wakuc (lmɣrib) yaggug-nn s 63 km f tɣrmt n mrrakc, d ar tlkkm tattuyt ns ar 4167 mitru.

##### Aṭlas anammas

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
|

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |    Imnnitn lli sis iẓlin : {{{Imnnitn}}} |

 |

#### Idrarn n rrif

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
|

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |    Tagzzumt ad txwa, ur gis illi umya. Aws ɣ tirra n tgzzumt ad! Manmk a rad skrɣ? |

 |

### Izaɣarn

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
|

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |    Tagzzumt ad txwa, ur gis illi umya. Aws ɣ tirra n tgzzumt ad! Manmk a rad skrɣ? |

 |

### Isaffn

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
|

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |    Tagzzumt ad txwa, ur gis illi umya. Aws ɣ tirra n tgzzumt ad! Manmk a rad skrɣ? |

 |

### Aftas

ibḍa uftas amṛṛukiy f sin, f yill agrakal d ugaraw aṭlantiy.

### Taɣarin

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
|

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |    Tagzzumt ad txwa, ur gis illi umya. Aws ɣ tirra n tgzzumt ad! Manmk a rad skrɣ? |

 |

## Amun

### Tutlayin

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
|

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |    Imnnitn lli sis iẓlin : {{{Imnnitn}}} |

 |

Tutlayin n tmazirt n Lmɣrib
Zɣ mad ittini udustur lli-d iffuɣ ɣ usggʷas n 2011, ar nttafa mas gant tutlayt taɛrabt d tutlayt tamaziɣt tanawayt tutlayin tunṣibin n tmazirt n Lmɣrib. Tantala nna bahra ittuysawaln dar imɣrabiyn tga-tt darija nɣ ma mu nttini taɛrabt tamɣrabit. Iɣ nucka ad nẓr usiḍn lli ittyuskar s ifassn n tasmirit tamattayt n usɣiws rad naf mas 91.6% n imɣrabiyn ssn i yat zɣ tantliwin n tutlayt taɛrabt (90.8% ssn i darija, 0.8 ssn i lḥssanya) d mas 26% ssn i yat zɣ tutlayin timaziɣin (14,7% ssn i tclḥit, 7,9% ssn i tamaziɣt n waṭlas anammas d 4% ssn i trifit), mac tuggt n middn ckkan f usiḍn ad is nit iṣḥa nɣd iskrkisn ka aynna, d tuggt nnsn nnan mas uṭṭun n willi sawalnin s tmaziɣt idrus bzaf f ɣaylli nit illan ɣ lwaqiɛ d mas uṭṭun n imsawaln n tutlayin timaziɣin izḍar ad akk yugr 50% n imzdaɣn.

Tuggt n willi sawalnin s tutlayin timaziɣin ar sawaln ula s darija, ɣayad acku ɣ yan uzmz tkka-tt-inn tlfaza d lmidya ar tzzray kullu isuyas nnsn s darija d ur jju d zrin kra s kra n tutlayt tamaziɣt, mayad yujja kigan n middn ad akk ttun tutlayt nnsn tamaziɣt ar sawaln ɣar s darija.

Tkka-tt-inn tmazirt n Lmɣrib ɣ yan uzmz ur bahra yaggugn ddu ufus n Fransa d Ṣbanya, mayad yujja tutlayt tafransist d taṣbnyulit ad kcmn s tmazirt. Tkka-tt-inn tutlayt tafransist ɣ yan uzmz tga tutlayt tunṣibt, mac ɣila mqqar urt sul tgi, ar ka sul aqran imɣrabiyn tutlayt ad ɣ ammas n tinmal., tga ɣila tafransist tutlayt tabrranit tamzwarut ɣ tmazirt d nttat as bahra swurrin imɣrabin ɣ akk igran n tudrt nnsn slawan akk ɣ kullu mad izdin d twuri d tadamsa. Tlla ula tutlayt taṣbnyulit nna s isawal tqriban kra n 2 id mlyun n imɣrabiyn slawan ɣ ugafa n tmazirt. Tili tutlayt tanglizt ula nttat tntacr bahra ɣ isggwasn ad ggranin slawan dar iɛrrimn.

### Middn

Uṭṭun n imzdaɣ kraygat usggʷas
Uṭṭun n imzdaɣ n tmazirt n Lmɣrib ɣila iga tt 36.5 imlyunen n middn. S yat zyada n 1.26% kraygat usggʷas. Uggar n 100.000 ibrraniyn zdɣn ɣ tmazirt ad, aɣlabya nnsn gan iṣbnyuliyn nɣ ifransawiyn umẓn latrit nnsn nɣ gan zɣ willi txdamn ɣ timssurin tigraɣlatin. Asɣl ad n zyada inaqsd ukan yan imik ɣ isggwasn n gr 1971 d 1982, lliɣ gis tlkm 2.5%.

Ɣ isggwasn ad ggranin ar nttafa ula isuqqiyn llid ikkan iffus n tnrẓuft ɣ akk timdinin mqqurnin n tmazirt.

Ar aɣ mmaln tiɣuriwin timaynutn mas uṭṭun imqqurn n iɛrabn d imaziɣn lli ar ntfrraq gratsn s tutlayt ur tn bahra naḥya ɣ mad izdin d tanfalit tawiratit nnsn. Tiɣuriwin ad mlant aɣ mas tamhlt n usɛrrb lli ijran ɣ ammas n tmazirt txdm mzyan. Ahablugrub-Y iga yan ukrumuzum ar itdda zɣ babas i warraw nns bla ad gis ijru kra n usnfl iɣrfan s iɣrfan. Tiɣuriwin lli ittuyskarnin f imɣrabiyn tmla aɣ mas 81.7% nnsn walan i uhablugrub E (iggut bahra dar imaziɣn) d gisn nit 72.6% walan i uhablugrub E1b1b, swa ɣ idɣarn nna ɣ ttuysawal tɛrabt wala ɣilli ɣ ttuysawal tamaziɣt.

D yan uṭṭun idrusn n middn walan i uhablugrub J (lli bahra iggutn dar imzdaɣ n ugmuḍ anammas).

### Isgdan

Afaylu:Hassan II mosque, Casablanca 2.jpgTimzgida Ḥasan II nttat aygan timzgida akk mqqurn ɣ tmazirt ula ɣ tfriqt n ugafa. Tlla timzgid ad ɣ tamdint n Tgmmi tumlilt.
Uṭṭun imqqurn n imzdaɣ n tmazirt n Lmɣrib gan imuslmn, d nttan ay-gan asgd n tmazirt, d ula udustur n 2011 innat, d inna ula mas illa uzrf dar kraygat yan ad yamn s kraygat usgd iratt. Ɣ usnmkta n tmazirt ar gis ttinin mas 99% n ugdud iga amuslm, d 1% ann lli iɣaman gis insraniyn d udayn ...

Tiɣuriwin d isiḍnn lli ur gin imaddudn ar ttinin mas gr 85 d 90% zḍarn ad gin mutadayin. Isiḍnn ad ttuyskarn f ifḍan n imɣrabiyn tufa mas gr 3-14% zɣ willi d irarn nnan is ur gin mutadayinin, d 1% nnan akk is gan warasgdiyin (mulḥidin). Asiḍn n usggʷas n 2020 inna mas uṭṭun n warasgdiyin imqqur-d s kraṭ twal d mas aɣlabya nnsn gan iɛrrimn, d mas usɣl nnsn ilkmd 15% n imɣrabiyn.

## Tadamsa

### Tawuri

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
|

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |    Tagzzumt ad txwa, ur gis illi umya. Aws ɣ tirra n tgzzumt ad! Manmk a rad skrɣ? |

 |

### Tamguri

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
|

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |    Tagzzumt ad txwa, ur gis illi umya. Aws ɣ tirra n tgzzumt ad! Manmk a rad skrɣ? |

 |

### Tafllaḥt

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
|

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |    Tagzzumt ad txwa, ur gis illi umya. Aws ɣ tirra n tgzzumt ad! Manmk a rad skrɣ? |

 |

### Iqdduḥn

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
|

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |    Tagzzumt ad txwa, ur gis illi umya. Aws ɣ tirra n tgzzumt ad! Manmk a rad skrɣ? |

 |

### Taẓḍaṛt

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
|

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |    Tagzzumt ad txwa, ur gis illi umya. Aws ɣ tirra n tgzzumt ad! Manmk a rad skrɣ? |

 |

### Tamallayt

Tga tamdint tamṛṛukit tamzwarut lli baḥra d ittawin imallayn. ɣ usggas n 2008, Mṛṛakc dar yan uẓdar n ussns (hébergement) igaddan d 44 394 lkatri lgddam n Ugadir Agadir lli ddar illa 28 605 lkatri d Tigmmi tumlilt s 12 762 n lkatri.
Ig umṛṛuk ɣaṣṣaḍ wisssin ɣ timizar ntmallayt ɣ ifriqya.

ɣid maymmalan tiskfal n ussns s lkatri n timdayyin n umṛṛuk ɣ usggas n 2008:

* Mrrakc  : 44 394 lkatri
* Agadir  : 28 605 lkatri
* Tigmmi tumlilt  : 12 762 lkatri
* Ṭanja  : 7 431 lkatri
* Fas  : 7 224 lkatri
* Warzazat  : 7 006 lkatri
* Ṛbaṭ  : 4 812 lkatri
* Tiṭṭawin  : 4 359 lkatri
* Mknas  : 3 139 lkatri
* Taṣṣurt  : 3 322 lkatri

## Ttaqafa

### Tifugliwin tinamurin

Ddaw as llan akk tfugliwin tinamurin d tisgdanin n tmazirt n Lmɣrib:

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Asakud** | **Ism n tfugla** | **Ma gis illan** |
| 1 muḥarram | *Fatiḥ muḥarram* | *Ixf n usggʷas ahijri (tafugla tasgdant)* |
| 12 rabiɛ al-awal | *Ɛid lmilud* | *Ass lliɣ d ilul urqqas n rbbi Muḥmmad (tafugla tasgdant)* |
| 1 cawal | *Ɛid Lfiṭr* | *Ar as nttini ula Ɛid imẓẓiyn (tafugla tasgdant)* |
| 10 du lḥijja | *Ɛid n Tfaska* | *Ass lliɣ ar nqqrs i tfaska (tafugla tasgdant)* |
| 1 innayr | *Ixf usggʷas* | *Ass amzwaru ɣ usggʷas amaynu (tafugla tagraɣlant)* |
| 11 innayr | *Ɛid n listiqlal* | *Ass lliɣ d ifka ugllid ṭṭalab nns bac ad tamẓ tmazirt listiqlal nns (tafugla tanamurt)* |
| 1 mayu | *Ɛid n twuri* | *Ass lɛid dar willi sxdamn ɣ tmazirt (tafugla tagraɣlant)* |
| 30 yulyuz | *Ɛid lɛarc* | *Ass lliɣ gis iga Muḥammad wis-sḍiṣ agllid (tafugla tanamurt)* |
| 14 ɣuct | *Arar n Asif n wurɣ* | *Ass lliɣ d irar ugllid Ḥasan wis-sin Asif n wurɣ (tafugla tanamurt)* |
| 20 ɣuct | *Tagrawla n ugllid d ugdud* | *Ass lliɣ d ẓẓan f ugllid Muḥmmad V flnt ɣ Madaɣacqar ukan tnkrd rwina ɣ tmazirt (tafugla tanamurt)* |
| 21 ɣuct | *Ɛid lmilud n ugllid* | *Ass lliɣ d ilul ugllid Muḥammad wis-sḍiṣ (tafugla tanamurt)* |
| 6 nuwanbir | *Tawada tazgzawt* | *Ass lliɣ d inna ugllid Ḥasan wis-sin is ixṣṣa ad skrn imɣrabiyn yat twada bac ad sis rarn tanrẓuft (tafugla tanamurt)* |
| 18 nuwanbir | *Ɛid n tsimant* | *Ass lliɣ gis yumẓ Lmɣrib tasimant nns ɣ usggʷas n 1956 (tafugla tanamurt)* |

### Idɣarn n Yunisku

Iɣrm n Ayt Bn Ḥddu ɣ tsgiwin n tamdint n Warzazat, iga yan zɣ idɣarn n Yunisku. Ikcm sis zɣ isggwas n 1987.
Llan ɣ tmazirt n Lmɣrib tẓa idɣarn ikcmn ɣ ammas n tmaddast n Yunisku n aydatn igraɣlann ɣ ussinew adlsan. Walli akk izwarn ikka-tt-inn ɣ usggʷas n 1981, d walli iggran ɣ usggʷas n 2012. Idɣarn ad ɣwid ad tnt igan s trtib n ukccum nnsn :

* Tamdint taqburt n Fas (1981)
* Tamdint taqburt n Mrrakc (1985)
* Iɣrm n Ayt Bn Ḥddu (1987)
* Tamdint taqburt n Mknas (1996)
* Tamdint taqburt n Tiṭṭawn (1997)
* Ansa Arkyuluji n Walili (1997)
* Tamdint taqburt n Taṣṣurt (2001)
* Tamdint tabrṭqizt n Mazagan (2004)
* Tamdint n Rrbaṭ (2012)

Ilin kra n idɣarn yaḍni isrstn Lmɣrib d willi ran gisn ad kcmn ula nttni ɣ ammas n idɣarn ad n Yunisku:

* Mulay Dris Zahrun (1995)
* Tamdint n Taza d Jamɛ Lkbir (1995)
* Timzgida n Tinml (1995)
* Tamdint n Liksus (1995)
* Lkur (1995)
* Tantut n Tafuɣalt (1995)
* Agdal n Ṭlasmṭan (1995)
* Ansa n Ajkal (1998)
* Aglmam n Xnifs (1998)
* Adgal n Ddaxla (1998)
* Amda n Figig (2011)
* Ddarbiḍa (2013)
* Trabbut n imdwn Tiɣmrt (2016)
* Ansa aṣḥrawi n Asif n Nun (2016)

### Tiwlafin fulkinin n tmazirt

* Adfl ɣ ammas n tiɣrmt n Ifran ɣ idrarn n Waṭlas anammas.
* Iɣrm n Udayas ɣ Rrbat.
* Amur n Hassan ɣ Rrbat.
* Bab Bujlud ɣ Fas.
* Ixban n tiɣrmt n Walili.
* Taɣart n yill agrakal ɣ Lḥusima.
* Iɣrm agldan ɣ Tiṭwan.
* Bab Mansour el Aleuj.
* Amrdul n Mrzuga.
* Taftist n Tassurt.
* Place Jemaa el-Fna.
* Bab Agnaw n Mrrakc.
* Mnara n Mrrakc.
* Agdal n Tigmmi Tumlilt.
* Timzgida n Kutubiya.
* Adrar n Tubqal.
* Assilah.
* Idrarn n Arrif.
* Yat tsukt ɣ Ccawn.
* Warzazat.
* Jdida.
* Mrrakc.
* Cap Spartel.
* lagune n Daxla.
* Taṣṣurt.

## Izdayn ittawiyn s mani yaḍn

* |  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  | Tẓḍart ad tẓṛt uggar f Lmɣrib ɣ usnfar n Commons. |

*  takrḍa n UN ɣ 2005.

## Tisaɣulin

|  |
| --- |
|
 Imaziɣn       Taɣrma       Tarakalt       |