# Tafriqt

|  |
| --- |
| **Tafriqt** |
|  |
| **Tajumma** | 30 415 873 km2 |
| **Imzdaɣ** | 1 348 000 000 hab. (2020) |
| **Tanẓẓi** | 44 hab./km2 |
| **Timizar** | 54 |
| **Tutlayin** | Gr 1250 ar 3000 n tutlayin |
| **Iẓdi n usgar** | UTC−1 (Cap-Vert) UTC+4 (Maurice) |
| **Tiɣrmin mqqurnin** | Cairo . Lagos . Kinshasa . Johannesburg . Luanda . Khartoum . Dar es Salaam . Abidjan . Alexandria . Nairobi . Cape Town . Kano . Dakar . Tigmmi Tumlilt . Addis Ababa |

Tga **Tafriqt** yan umnẓaw yumẓn 6% n tasna n wakal yamẓ 20% ɣ tasna n wakal yumann (tanna f ur ikki yill). Tajumma nns tlkm ar 30 415 873 km² nttat d tgzirin nns, aynna tt yujjan ad tg tis kraḍt ɣ umaḍal (iɣ nga Tamrikt d yan umnẓaw). S 1,225,080,510 n imzdaɣ, tga tfriqt tis snat ɣ wuṭṭun n imzdaɣ ḍaṛt Asya, tili gis 16,4% n imzdaɣ n umaḍal ɣ usggas n 2016. Amnẓaw ad igly t id Yill Agrakal ɣ iẓẓlmḍ, Abadu n Sawis d Yill Azggʷaɣ ɣ iẓẓlmḍ agmuḍan, Agaraw Ahindi ɣ iffus agmuḍan d Ugaraw Anaṭlas ɣ tagut.

## Aẓur n wawal

Tawlaft n tfriqt ɣ tuẓẓumt, s usatilit
Ggutnt turdiwin f usala n yism n Tfriqt. Illa mad ifkan ism *Afri* i yimzdaɣ n iẓẓlmḍ n tfriqt ɣ tagut n wasif n Nnil, d ɣ unamk nns amatu ittufka i yikaliwn akkʷ illan ɣ iffus n Yill Agrakal (libya tazaykut). Ikka yism afri izdi d tguri tafiniqt *Afar* nna issumkn "agḍrur" mac ɣ usggas 1981 umanent d kra n turdiwin nna ittinin mas d ism *Afri* ikka d taguri tamaziɣt *Ifri* (amagut nns : ifran) s wassaɣ nns d imzdaɣ n yifran. Taguri ad nit ar tt nttafa ɣ yism n yat twsit Banu Yafran ɣ Dzayr d Libya, yat twsit zzɣ yfran (tettwassn ula s ifran) ɣ iẓẓlmḍ utrim n Libya.

Ddu unbaḍ n irumiyn, tga Qarṭaj tamaẓunt n tsga n tfriqt tarumiyt nna yumẓn ula ifttasn n Libya tatrart, ḍaṛt tirẓi n iqarṭajn ɣ umgaru abunik wiss kraḍ ɣ 146 dat n tlalit. Amma **-ka** (-ca) nɣ **-ika** (-ica), iga aḍfir awlatin (Latin suffix) s unamk n wakal nɣ tamazirt.

**Turdiwin yaḍn f usala n yism n tfriqt Ɣ tasut tamzwarut, isslkn umsnmzruy uday flafyus Juzifus (Ant. 1.15) mas d idda yism zzɣ ifir (Epher), yan zzv wayawn n ibrahim, nna mu zugn wayawn nns s tfriqt.
* Ɣ tasut tiss sat, isumr izidur n icbilya ɣ udlis nns iẓuran (Etymologiae XIV.5.2) mas d idda yism n tfriqt zzɣ tguri tawlatint (abrika / Aprica), anamk nns iffuk *(tlla gis tafukt)*.
* Inna Micil Fruyt 1976 mas d ism awlatin iqqn s tguri Africus (afrikus) "Aḍu n iffus", nna igan ɣ usala tambryant (Umbrian), ig unamk nns amzwaru Aḍu bu unẓar *(rainy wind)*.

## Tarakalt

Tga tfriqt talli akkʷ mqqurn gr kraḍ ibudidn inẓulann mqqurnin ɣ taɣart n wakal. Ibḍa tt Yill Agrakal f Uruppa, tzdy d Asya ɣ iẓẓlmḍ agmuḍan s Ubadu n Suwis nna mi tlla ɣ tirut nns 163 kilumitr. (ɣ trakalt, ar tettusmil tmgzirt sina tawmiṣrt nna illan ɣ iẓẓlmḍ n Suwis d agzzum zzɣ tfriqt) ttyn i tfriqt iftasn s tɣzi n 26.000 kilumitr.

Zzɣ ttmi n iwtta n tfriqt ɣ iẓẓlmḍ, Ras Bn Saqqa ɣ Tuns (37°21' agafa) ar ttmi n iwtta ɣ iffus, Kib Agulhas ɣ tfriqt n unẓul (34°51'15 anẓul), illa uzaru n 8,000 kilumitr (5,000 mil); d zzɣ ttmi n iwtta ɣ utaram, Ixf Azgzaw (34°51'15" ataram) ar ttmi n iwtta ɣ ugmuḍ, Ras Hafun ɣ Ṣumal (51°27'52" agmuḍ), illa uzaru n 7,400 kilumitr (4,600 mil).

Tga Dzayr tamazirt akkʷ mqqurn ɣ tfriqt, tlkm tjumma nns 2,381,741 kilumitr amkkuẓ, tḍfr tt inn Sudan s 1,865,813 kilumitr amkkuẓ, ama tamazirt akkʷ mẓẓiyn tga tt Sicl nna igan yan warkabil ɣ uftas agmuḍan n tfriqt. Tga Gambya tamazirt akkʷ mẓẓiyn ɣ ugns n wakal adslan n tfriqt.

## Tadmsa

     CEN-SAD
     COMESA
     EAC
     ECCAS
     ECOWAS
     IGAD
     SADC
     UMA

Mqqar ggutn isugam igamann ɣ tfriqt, tsul tga tad bahra iẓlḍn d tmggarut ɣ tnflit tawfgan gr imnẓawn n umaḍal. Zzɣ isragn n ɣayad llant tmuḍan inqqan d ifirusn (lumr ifirusn n Malarya d Sida), tinbaḍin igufsan nna iskarn ibkkiḍn imizitn mgal izrfan n ufgan, alay n iswirn n tqbbanit, imnɣan gr twsitin. Tuwy d tanaḍt n tnflit tawfgant nna d tssufɣ tmaddast n tmttiwin imunn ɣ usggas 2003 mas d simraw d smmust n tmizar llanin gr tskʷfal 151 d 175 gant akkʷ tiwrikin.

## Tutlayin

Mnnaw isutag ssknen mas llant uggar n yifḍ n tutlayin ttusawalnin ɣ tfriqt (Yunisku tssutg attay n sin ifḍn). Tugtt nnsnt gant tiwfrikin s usala, illint tinna mu iga usala nnsnt zzɣ Uruppa nɣ Asya. Tga tfriqt amnẓaw agtnutlay mqqurn ɣ umaḍal, d ayt tfriqt ur da sawaln ɣar mnnawt tutlayin tiwfrikin, mac ar sawaln ula yat nɣ mnnawt tutlayin zzɣ uruppa. Llant kkuẓt tawjiwin n tutlayanin mqqurnin ɣ tfriqt :

* **Tawja tutlayant (Afroasiatic)** llant gis wattay n 240 n tutlayin d 285 mlyun n imssiwln ɣ Yisk awfrik, agafa n tfriqt, Saḥil, d iffus utrim n Asya.
* **Tawja tutlayant (Nilo-Saharan)** tumy uggar n tmiḍi n tutlayin, da tnt sawaln 30 mlyun n umdan ɣ Tcad, Itubya, Kinya, Nijirya, Sudan, Sudan n Unẓul, Uganda, d ugafa n Ṭanẓanya.
* **Tawja tutlayant (Niger-Congo)** tsmun tugtt n tutlayin ɣ tfriqt ddu tnzruft (Sub-Saharan Africa). Ɣ ma ad iẓlin s wuṭṭun n tutlayin, tga tawja ad talli akkʷ imqqurn ɣ tfriqt, nɣ d akkʷ ɣ umaḍal.
* **Tawja tutlayant (Khoisan)** gis attay n smmumrawt n tutlayin, da tnt sawal 400.000 n umdan ɣ iffus n tfriqt. Tugtt n tutlayin ɣ tawja ad llant ɣ Imizi n wfuḍ.

Ḍaṛt tigira n usdurri, ssnṣbnt akkʷ tmizar n tfriqt tutlayin tibṛṛaniyin zun d tutlayin timaddudin, mqqar ɣikann llant mnnaw tmizar ssmɣrnt tutlayin tiwfrikin (zun d: Swahili, Yoruba, Igbo and Hausa). Ɣ kigan n tmizar, tanglizt d tfṛansist ar ttusmrasnt i umsawaḍ ɣ yiga unbiz zun d tanbaḍt, tasɣnzit, asslmd d tɣmsa.

## Asgd

Flsn ayt tfriqt s mnnaw isgdan, macc imra ad ittuskr yan usiṭṭn i yinflas n kraygat asgd, acku ur da ttirint tnbaḍin n tmizar ɣ mmrksn isgdan. Illa ɣ tgrumsna adlis n umaḍal mas d asgd anslm ad bahra yuḍrern ɣ tfriqt, iḍfr t usgd amasiḥ. Yili ɣ tgrumsna tabriṭanit mas d 45% n imzdaɣ n tfriqt gan imuslmn, 40% gin imasiḥin d ddu 15% gan id war asgd nɣ d imḍfar n isgdan iwfrikn. Yili yan wuṭṭun idrusn n ayt tfriqt gan ihindusn, ibahayn, d wudayn.

## Timizar n Tafriqt

### Timizar n Tafriqt n ugafa

| Tamazirt d ucnyal nns | Tajumma ( km² ) | Imzdaɣ ( 2016 - CIA World factbook ) | Tanẓẓi ( s km² ) | Tamaẓunt |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  Dzayr | 2 381 741 | 39 542 166 | 16,6 | Dzayr |
|  Miṣra | 1 001 450 | 88 487 396 | 88,3 | Taqahirt |
|  Libya | 1 759 540 | 6 411 776 | 3,6 | Ṭarablus |
|  Lmɣrib | 710,850 | 36,471,769 | 50 | Rrbaṭ |
|  Tuns | 163 610 | 11 037 225 | 67,4 | Tuns |
| *- Idɣarn ittuyḥasabn f Uruppa ɣ Tafriqt n ugafa :* |
|  Tigzirin tiknariyin ( Ṣbanya ) | 7,492 | 2,154,905 | 226 | Las Palmas, Santa Cruz de Tenerife |
|  Madyira ( Brtqqiz ) | 797 | 245,000 | 307 | Funchal |
|  Sbta ( Ṣbanya ) | 20 | 85,107 | 3,575 | — |
|  Mlilya ( Ṣbanya ) | 12 | 85,116 | 5,534 | — |

### Timizar n Tafriqt tangmuḍt

| Tamazirt d ucnyal nns | Tajumma ( km² ) | Imzdaɣ ( 2016 - CIA World factbook ) | Tanẓẓi ( s km² ) | Tamaẓunt |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  Burundi | 27,830 | 6,373,002 | 229.0 | Bujumbura |
|  Igumamn n Iqumurn | 2,170 | 614,382 | 283.1 | Muruni |
|  Djibuti | 23,000 | 472,810 | 20.6 | Djibuti (tamdint) |
|  Iritiriya | 121,320 | 4,465,651 | 36.8 | Asmara |
|  Ityubya | 1,127,127 | 67,673,031 | 60.0 | Adis Ababa |
|  Kinya | 582,650 | 31,138,735 | 53.4 | Nayrubi |
|  Madagaskar | 587,040 | 16,473,477 | 28.1 | Antananaribu |
|  Malawi | 118,480 | 10,701,824 | 90.3 | Lilungwi |
|  Agumam n Muricyus | 2,040 | 1,200,206 | 588.3 | Bur Luwi |
|  Muzambik | 801,590 | 19,607,519 | 24.5 | Mabutu |
|  Rwanda | 26,338 | 7,398,074 | 280.9 | Kigali |
|  Sicil | 455 | 80,098 | 176.0 | Fikturya |
|  Sumalya | 637,657 | 7,753,310 | 12.2 | Mugadicu |
|  Tanzanya | 945,087 | 37,187,939 | 39.3 | Duduma |
|  Uganda | 236,040 | 24,699,073 | 104.6 | Kambala |
|  Sudan n iffus | 619,745 | 8,260,490 | 13 | Juba |
|  Sudan | 1,861,484 | 30,894,000 | 17 | Xartum |
| *- Idɣarn ittuyḥasabn f Uruppa ɣ Tafriqt tangmuḍt :* |
|  Réunion (Fransa) | 2,512 | 743,981 | 296.2 | San-Deni |
|  Mayut (Fransa) | 374 | 170,879 | 456.9 | Mamužu |
|  Ikaliwn n iffus d Intarktiwn ( Fransa ) | 439,781 | 100 | — | Saint Pierre |

### Timizar n Tafrikt n wammas

| Tamazirt d ucnyal nns | Tajumma ( km² ) | Imzdaɣ ( 2016 - CIA World factbook ) | Tanẓẓi ( s km² ) | Tamaẓunt |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  Angula | 1,246,700 | 10,593,171 | 8.5 | Luwanda |
|  Kamirun | 475,440 | 16,184,748 | 34.0 | Yawandi |
|  Tagduda n Tafrikt Tanammast | 622,984 | 3,642,739 | 5.8 | Bangi |
|  Tcad | 1,284,000 | 8,997,237 | 7.0 | N'Djamina |
|  Tagduda n Kungu | 342,000 | 2,958,448 | 8.7 | Brazavil |
|  Tagduda Tamagdayt n Kungu | 2,345,410 | 55,225,478 | 23.5 | Kinshasa |
|  Ginya n tuẓẓumt | 28,051 | 498,144 | 17.8 | Malabo |
|  Gabun | 267,667 | 1,233,353 | 4.6 | Libruvil |
|  São Tomé d Brincibi | 1,001 | 170,372 | 170.2 | São Tomé |

### Timizar n Tafriqt n iffus

| Tamazirt d ucnyal nns | Tajumma ( km² ) | Imzdaɣ ( 2016 - CIA World factbook ) | Tanẓẓi ( s km² ) | Tamaẓunt |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  Butswana | 600,370 | 1,591,232 | 2.7 | Gaborone |
|  Lesotho | 30,355 | 2,207,954 | 72.7 | Maseru |
|  Namibia | 825,418 | 1,820,916 | 2.2 | Windhoek |
|  Tafriqt n Unẓul | 1,219,912 | 43,647,658 | 35.8 | Bloemfontein, Cape Town, Pretoria |
|  Swaziland | 17,363 | 1,123,605 | 64.7 | Mbaban |
|  Zambya | 752,614 | 11,862,740 | 16 | Lusaka |
|  Zimbabwi | 390,580 | 11,392,629 | 29 | Harare |

### Timizar n Tafriqt n tagut

| Tamazirt d ucnyal nns | Tajumma ( km² ) | Imzdaɣ ( 2016 - CIA World factbook ) | Tanẓẓi ( s km² ) | Tamaẓunt |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  Binin | 112,620 | 6,787,625 | 60.3 | Purtu-Nuvu |
|  Burkina Fasu | 274,200 | 12,603,185 | 46.0 | Wagadugu |
|  Isk n Vird | 4,033 | 408,760 | 101.4 | Praya |
|  Aftas n Ivoir | 322,460 | 16,804,784 | 52.1 | Abidjan, Yamusukru |
|  Gambya | 11,300 | 1,455,842 | 128.8 | Banjul |
|  Ɣana | 239,460 | 20,244,154 | 84.5 | Akra |
|  Ɣinya | 245,857 | 7,775,065 | 31.6 | Kunakri |
|  Ɣinya-Bisaw | 36,120 | 1,345,479 | 37.3 | Bisaw |
|  Libirya | 111,370 | 3,288,198 | 29.5 | Munruvya |
|  Mali | 1,240,000 | 11,340,480 | 9.1 | Bamaku |
|  Muritanya | 1,030,700 | 2,828,858 | 2.7 | Nwakcut |
|  Nigir | 1,267,000 | 10,639,744 | 8.4 | Niyami |
|  Nijirya | 923,768 | 129,934,911 | 140.7 | Abuja |
|  Sinigal | 196,190 | 10,589,571 | 54.0 | Dakar |
|  Siralyun | 71,740 | 5,614,743 | 78.3 | Freetown |
|  Tugu | 56,785 | 5,285,501 | 93.1 | Lumi |
| *- Idɣarn ittuyḥasabn f Uruppa ɣ Tafriqt n tagut :* |
|  Sant Hilina ( Ingliz ) | 410 | 7,317 | 17.8 | Jamistun |

## Ẓṛ uggar

* Agraw Anamur Awfrik
* Tamunt n Tafriqt

## Tisaɣulin

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  | Tẓḍart ad tẓṛt uggar f Tafriqt ɣ usnfar n Commons. |

## Ɣaylli sis izdin

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  | **Kommons** yan ɣ isnfaṛn n wikimidya tufit ad gis taggʷt: **Tafriqt**. |

| **Imnẓawn** |
| --- |
|

|  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Marikan | Antarktika | Asya | Urupa | Tafriqt | Usyanya |

 |

Aggur:Tarakalt/Tin imgradn