# Percy Bysshe Shelley

| Percy Bysshe Shelley |
| --- |
|  |
| Biografske informacije |
| Rođenje | 4. avgusta 1792.  Horšam, Engleska |
| Smrt | 8. jula 1822. (dob: 29)  Tirensko more, Kraljevina Sardinija |
| Državljanstvo |  englesko |
| Supružnik | Herijet Vestbruk (v. 1811.; u. 1816.) Meri Šeli (v. 1816.) |
| Obrazovanje |
| Školovanje | Univerzitet u Oksfordu |
| Zanimanje | pisac |
| Opus |
| Književni pravac | romantizam |
| Jezik | engleski jezik |
| Potpis |
|  |

**Persi Biš Šeli** (engleski: *Percy Bysshe Shelley*; Horšam, 4. avgusta 1792. – Tirensko more, 8. jula 1822.) bio je engleski pesnik i jedan od najistaknutijih predstavnika romantizma, zajedno s Džonom Kitsom i Džordžom Bajronom.

Po svojoj vatrenoj veri u svemoć ljudskog uma te potpunom ignorisanju verovanja i navika iz prošlosti Šeli pripada pristalicama ideja prosvetiteljstva. *Politička pravda* Vilijama Godvina, proniknuta revolucionarnim anarhizmom devedesetih godina 18. veka, uskoro je postala njegova ideja vodilja. Međutim, Šeli je Godvinove ideje pretočio u hrabro zamišljenu poetsko-intelektualnu viziju. Njegove su lirske slike lake i maglovite. Kao pesnik, Šeli već početkom 19. veka pripada blistavoj poetskoj epohi poznatoj kao romantizam. Karakteristika njegova genija jest ta što je on u isto vreme i racionalista i romantički mislilac, propovednik i pesnik.

Studirao je na Univerzitetu u Oksfordu, odakle je bio izbačen zbog pisanja brošure "O neophodnosti ateizma" (1811.), zajedno sa svojim prijateljem Tomasom Hogom. S devetnaest godina odlazi u Škotsku, gde se ženi šesnaestogodišnjom Herijet Vestbruk. Godine 1916. napušta trudnu suprugu i, inspirisan avanturističkim romanima, beži s novom ljubavlju, mladom Meri, kćeri Vilijama Godvina, u Švajcarsku. Tamo se sprijateljio s Bajronom. Kasnije se preselio u Italiju. Umro je na jedrenjaku za vreme oluje u blizini Livorna 1822. godine.

Njegova druga supruga, Meri Šeli, poznata je po romanu *Frankenštajn ili moderni Prometej*. Posle smrti svoga muža brinula se o izdavanju njegovih dela.

## Odabrana dela

Prvo izdanje filozofske poeme *Kraljica Mab*.
* "O neophodnosti ateizma" (engl.: *The Necessity of Atheism*) (esej, 1809.)
* *Castroci: romansa* (engl.: *Zastrozzi: A Romance*) (roman, 1810.)
* *Sveti Irvajn* (engl.: *St. Irvyne; or, The Rosicrucian*) (roman, 1811.)
* *Kraljica Mab* (engl.: *Queen Mab*) (poema, 1813.)
* *Alastor ili duh samoće* (engl.: *Alastor; or, The Spirit of Solitude*) (poema, 1815.)
* "Himna intelektualnoj lepoti" (engl.: *Hymn to Intellectual Beauty*) (1816.)
* "Mon Blan" (engl.: *Mont Blanc*) (oda, 1816.)
* *Pobuna islama* (engl.: *The Revolt of Islam*) (poema, 1817.)
* "Ozimandija" (engl.: *Ozymandias*) (sonet, 1818.)
* *Oslobođeni Prometej* (engl.: *Prometheus Unbound*) (lirska drama, 1818.)
* *Maska anarhije* (engl.: *The Masque of Anarchy*) (poema, 1819.)
* "Oda zapadnom vetru" (engl.: *Ode to the West Wind*) (oda, 1819.)
* *Čenči* (engl.: *The Cenci*) (tragedija, 1819.)
* *Helada* (engl.: *Hellas*) (lirska drama, 1821.)
* *Epipshidion* (engl.: *Epipsychidion*) (poema, 1821.)
* "Adon: elegija povodom smrti Džona Kitsa" (engl.: *Adonais: An Elegy on the Death of John Keats*) (pastoralna elegija, 1821.)
* "U odbranu poezije" (engl.: *A Defence of Poetry*) (esej, 1821.)

## Literatura

* Edmund Blunden, *Shelley: A Life Story*, Viking Press, 1947.
* James Bieri, *Percy Bysshe Shelley: A Biography*, Johns Hopkins University Press, 2008, ISBN 0-8018-8861-1.
* Richard Altick, *The English Common Reader*. Ohio: Ohio State University Press, 1998.
* Cameron, Kenneth Neill. *The Young Shelley: Genesis of a Radical*. First Collier Books ed. New York: Collier Books, 1962, cop. 1950. 480 p.
* Edward Chaney. 'Egypt in England and America: The Cultural Memorials of Religion, Royalty and Religion', *Sites of Exchange: European Crossroads and Faultlines*, eds. M. Ascari and A. Corrado. Amsterdam and New York: Rodopi, 2006, pp. 39–69.
* Holmes, Richard. *Shelley: The Pursuit.* New York: E. P. Dutton, 1975.
* Meaker, M. J. *Sudden Endings, 12 Profiles in Depth of Famous Suicides*, Garden City, New York, Doubleday, 1964 p. 67–93: "The Deserted Wife: Harriet Westbrook Shelley".
* Maurois, André, *Ariel ou la vie de Shelley*, Paris, Bernard Grasset, 1923
* St Clair, William. *The Godwins and the Shelleys: A Biography of a Family*. London: Faber and Faber, 1990.
* St Clair, William. *The Reading Nation in the Romantic Period.* Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005.
* Hay, Daisy. *Young Romantics: the Shelleys, Byron, and Other Tangled Lives*, Bloomsbury, 2010.
* Owchar, Nick. "The Siren's Call: An epic poet as Mary Shelley's co-author. A new edition of 'Frankenstein' shows the contributions of her husband, Percy." *Los Angeles Times*, 11 October 2009.
* Rhodes, Jerry. "New paperback by UD professor offers two versions of Frankenstein tale." *UDaily*, University of Delaware, 30 September 2009. Charles E. Robinson: "These italics used for Percy Shelley's words make even more visible the half-dozen or so places where, in his own voice, he made substantial additions to the 'draft' of *Frankenstein*."
* Pratt, Lynda. "Who wrote the original *Frankenstein*? Mary Shelley created a monster out of her 'waking dream' – but was it her husband Percy who 'embodied its ideas and sentiments'?" *The Sunday Times*, 29 October 2008.
* Adams, Stephen. "Percy Bysshe Shelley helped wife Mary write *Frankenstein*, claims professor: Mary Shelley received extensive help in writing *Frankenstein* from her husband, Percy Bysshe Shelley, a leading academic has claimed." *Telegraph*, 24 August 2008. Charles E. Robinson: "He made very significant changes in words, themes and style. The book should now be credited as 'by Mary Shelley with Percy Shelley'."
* Shelley, Mary, with Percy Shelley. *The Original Frankenstein*. Edited with an Introduction by Charles E. Robinson. NY: Random House Vintage Classics, 2008. ISBN 978-0-307-47442-1
* Richard Ackermann: *Quellen, Vorbilder, Stoffe zu Shelleys poetischen Werken* (Erlangen: Deichert, 1890).
* Elmar Dod: "Die Vernünftigkeit der Imagination in Aufklärung und Romantik. Eine komparatistische Studie zu Schillers und Shelleys ästhetischen Theorien in ihrem europäischen Kontext". Tübingen: Max Niemeyer Verlag 1985. ISBN 3-484-18084-6
* Neville Rogers, *Shelley at Work. A Critical Inquiry* (Oxford University Press, 1956; repr. 1967).
* E. R. Wasserman, *Shelley. A Critical Reading* (Baltimore, 1971).
* A. Leighton, *Shelley and the Sublime. An Interpretation of the Major Poems* (1984).
* James Bieri: *Percy Bysshe Shelley. A biography*. University of Delaware Press, Newark, Del. 2005.

1. *Youth's unextinguished fire. 1792-1816*, ISBN 0-87413-870-1.
2. *Exile of unfullfilled renown. 1816-1822*, ISBN 0-87413-893-0.

* Kenneth N. Cameron: *Young Shelley. The genesis of a radical*. Octagon Books, New York 1973, ISBN 0-374-91255-6.
* Paul Hamilton:  *Percy Bysshe Shelley*. Northcoete House, Tavistock 2000, ISBN 0-7463-0818-3.
* Rüdiger Hillgärtner: *Bürgerlicher Individualismus und revolutionäre Moral. Percy Bysshe Shelley* (Darmstadt: Thesen-Verlag 1974), ISBN 3-7677-0015-8.
* Horst Höhne: *Percy Bysshe Shelley. Leben und Werk* (Frankfurt/M.: Lang 1998), ISBN 3-631-47117-3.
* D. J. Hughes: *Potentialität in Shelleys >Prometheus Unbound<*. In: Willi Erzgräber (Hrsg.): *Interpretationen Band 8 · Englische Literatur von William Blake bis Thomas Hardy*. Fischer Verlag, Frankfurt a. M. et al. 1970, S. 91-112.

## Vanjske veze

* Djela čiji je autor Percy Bysshe Shelley na Projektu Gutenberg
* Besplatna e-knjiga: *Percy Bysshe Shelley by John Addington Symonds* na Projektu Gutenberg
* Percy Bysshe Shelley Resources
* Selected Poems of Shelley
* A Guide to the Percy Bysshe Shelley Manuscript Material in the Pforzheimer Collection
* A talk on Shelley's politics (MP3) by Paul Foot: part 1 Arhivirano 2005-05-04 na Wayback Machine-u, \*part 2 Arhivirano 2005-05-04 na Wayback Machine-u
* A pedigree of the Shelley family
* Plato's Ion, the Shelley translation Arhivirano 2015-01-23 na Wayback Machine-u
* The Complete Poetical Works of Percy Bysshe Shelley
* Arhivski materijal vezan uz Percy Bysshe Shelley na web-stranici Nacionalnih arhiva UK (`en`)
* Online exhibition of Shelley's notebooks, objects, letters and drafts alongside artefacts of Mary Wollstonecraft, Mary Shelley and William Godwin