# Uzbekistan

| Republic o Uzbekistan *Oʻzbekiston Respublikasi* *Ўзбекистон Республикаси* *Oʻzbekiston Jumhuriyati* *Ўзбекистон Жумҳурияти* |
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| **Anthem:O'zbekiston Respublikasining Davlat Madhiyasi*  |
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| Caipital and largest city | Tashkent ﻿ / ﻿ |
| Offeecial leids | Uzbek |
| Recognised regional leids | Karakalpak |
| Ethnic groups (1996) | * 81.1% Uzbek
* 5.4% Roushie
* 4.0% Tajik
* 3.0% Kazakh
* 2.5% Karakalpak
* 1.5% Tatar
* 2.5% ithers
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| Demonym(s) | Uzbek |
| Govrenment | Unitary presidential republic |
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| • Preses  | Shavkat Mirziyoyev |
| • Prime Meenister  | Abdulla Aripov |
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| Legislatur | Supreme Assembly |
| • Upper house | Senate |
| • Lower house | Legislative Chamber |
| Unthirldom frae the Soviet Union |
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| • Formation  | 1747 |
| • Uzbek SSR  | 27 October 1924 |
| • Declared  | 1 September 1991 |
| • Recognized  | 8 December 1991 |
| • Completit  | 25 December 1991 |
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| Aurie |
| • Total | 448,978 km2 (173,351 sq mi) (56t) |
| • Water (%) | 4.9 |
| Population |
| • 2013 estimate | 30,183,400 (41st) |
| • Density | 61.4/km2 (159.0/sq mi) (136t) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2014 estimate |
| • Total | $123.577 billion |
| • Per capita | $4,037 |
| GDP (nominal) | 2014 estimate |
| • Tot | $61.720 billion |
| • Per capita | $2,016 |
| Gini (2003) |  36.8 medium · 95t |
| HDI (2013) |  0.654 medium · 114nt |
| Currency | Uzbekistan som (*O'zbekiston so'mi*) (UZS) |
| Time zone | UTC+5 (UZT) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+5 (nae observed) |
| Drivin side | richt |
| Cawin code | +998 |
| ISO 3166 code | UZ |
| Internet TLD | .uz |
| 1. Offeecial Uzbek statistics.[*citation needit*]
2. As the Emirate o Bukhara, Kokand Khanate, an Khwarezm.
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**Uzbekistan**, offeecially the **Republic o Uzbekistan** (Uzbek:*O‘zbekiston Respublikasi* or Ўзбекистон Республикаси) is ane o the sax independent Turkic states. It is a doubly landlocked kintra in Central Asie, Umwhilie pairt o the Soviet Union. It shares borders wi Kazakhstan tae the wast an tae the north, Kyrgyzstan an Tajikistan tae the east, an Afghanistan an Turkmenistan tae the sooth.

Ance pairt o the Persie Samanid an later Timurid empires, the region wis conquered in the early 16t century bi Uzbek nomads, who spoke an Eastren Turkic leid. Maist o Uzbekistan’s population the day belang tae the Uzbek ethnic group an speak the Uzbek leid, ane o the faimily o Turkic leids.

Uzbekistan wis incorporatit intae the Roushie Empire in the 19t century an in 1924 became a constituent republic o the Soviet Union, kent as the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic (Uzbek SSR). It haes been an independent republic syne December 1991.

Uzbekistan's economy relies mainly on commodity production, includin cotton, gold, uranium, potassium, an natural gas. Despite the declared objective o transition tae a market economy, Uzbekistan continues tae maintain rigid economic controls, which aften repel foreign investors. The policy o gradual, strictly controlled transition haes nivertheless produced beneficial results in the form o economic recovery efter 1995. Uzbekistan's domestic policies on human richts an individual freedoms are aften criticised bi internaitional organisations. In Uzbekistan aboot 45% o the population live on less nor US$1.25 per day.

## Provinces an district

Uzbekistan is dividit intae twal provinces (*viloyatlar*, singular *viloyat*, compund noun *viloyati* e.g., Toshkent *viloyati*, Samarqand *viloyati*, etc.), ane autonomous republic (*respublika*, compund noun *respublikasi* e.g. Qaraqalpaqstan Avtonom *Respublikasi*, Karakalpakistan *Autonomous Republic*, etc.), an ane independent ceety (*shahar*. compund noun *shahri*, e.g., Toshkent *shahri*).