Rikunarita-ORG/Wikinium huggingface dataset:
# Jiang Zemin

| Jiang Zemin |
| --- |
| 江泽民 |
| Jiang visitin the Roushie ceety o Saunt Petersburg in Juin 2002. |
|  |
| Preses o the Fowkrepublic o Cheen |
| **In office** 27 Mairch 1993 – 15 Mairch 2003 |
| Premier | Li Peng Zhu Rongji |
| Vice Preses | Rong Yiren Hu Jintao |
| Precedit bi | Yang Shangkun |
| Succeedit bi | Hu Jintao |
| General Secretar o the Central Committee o the Communist Pairty o Cheenae |
| **In office** 24 Juin 1989 – 15 November 2002 |
| Precedit bi | Zhao Ziyang |
| Succeedit bi | Hu Jintao |
| Chairman o the Central Militar Commission |
| **In officeState Commission**: 19 Mairch 1990 – 8 Mairch 2005 **Pairty Commission**: 9 November 1989 – 19 September 2004 |
| Depute |
Leet
* Cao Gangchuan (2002–2005)
* Guo Boxiong (2002–2005)
* Hu Jintao (1997–2004)
* Chi Haotian (1995–2002)
* Zhang Wannian (1995–2002)
* Liu Huaqing (1992–1997)
* Zhang Zhen (1992–1997)
* Yang Shangkun (1983–1993)
 |
| Precedit bi | Deng Xiaoping |
| Succeedit bi | Hu Jintao |
|  |
| Personal details |
| Born | 17 August 1926(1926-08-17) Yangzhou, Kiangsu |
| Dee'd | 30 November 2022 (aged 96) Beijing, Fowkrepublic o Cheenae |
| Naitionality | Cheenese |
| Poleetical pairty | Communist Pairty o Cheenae |
| Spoose(s) | Wang Yeping |
| Bairns | Jiang Mianheng Jiang Miankang |
| Alma mater | Shanghai Jiao Tong Varsity |
| Profession | Electrical ingineer |
|
Central institution membership
* 1989–2002: 13t, 14t, 15t Politburo Standing Committee
* 1989–2005: 13t, 14t, 15th, 16t Central Militar Commission
* 1987–2002: 13t, 14t, 15t Politburo
* 1983–2002: 12t, 13t, 14t, 15t Central Committee
* 1988–2008: 7t, 8t, 9t, 10t, 11t Naitional Fowk's Congress

---

Other offices held
* 1987–1989: Pairty Committee Secretar, Shanghai
* 1984–1987: Mayor, Shanghai
* 1983–1985: Meenister, Electronic Industries
 |

| Jiang Zemin |
| --- |
|  |
| Semplifeed Cheenese | 江泽民 |
| Tradeetional Cheenese | 江澤民 |
|

| Transcriptions |
| --- |
| Staundart Mandarin |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Jiāng Zémín |
| Wade–Giles | Chiang1 Tse2-min2 |
| IPA | [tɕjáŋ tsɤ̌mǐn] |
| Soothren Min |
| Hokkien POJ | Kang Tik-bîn |

 |
|  |

**Jiang Zemin** (born 17 August 1926; deed 30 November 2022) wis a retired Cheenese politeecian who served as General Secretar o the Communist Pairty o Cheenae frae 1989 tae 2002, as Chairman o the Central Militar Commission frae 1989 tae 2004, an as Preses o the Fowkrepublic o Cheenae frae 1993 tae 2003.
# Constitution

A pentin depictin George Washington at the Constitutional Convention o 1787 signin o the U.S. Constitution
A **constitution** is a set o fundamental principles or established precedents accordin to which a state or ither organisation is govrened. Thir rules thegither are the makkins o whit the ane is. Whan thir principles are writtin intae an aesome instrument, thae instruments mey be said tae embody a writtin constitution; gif thae are writtin intae a comprehensive instrument, thae are said tae embody a codified constitution. Some constitutions (sic as the constitution o Unitit Kinrick) are uncodified, but writtin in mony fundamental Acts o a legislatur, coort matters or treaties.
# Otaku

The Akihabara neeburheid o Tokyo, a kenspeckle gaitherin steid fur *otaku*
Otaku (おたく/オタク) is a Japanese term for fowk wi obsessive interests, commonly the anime an manga fandom. Its contemporary uisage oreeginatit wi Akio Nakamori's 1983 essay in *Manga Burikko*. *Otaku* mey be uised as a pejorative; its negativity stems frae the stereotypical view o otaku an the media's reportin on Tsutomu Miyazaki, "The Otaku Murderer", in 1989. Accordin tae studies furthset in 2013, the term haes become less negative, an an increasin nummer o fowk nou sel-identify as otaku.
# Niigata Prefectur

| Niigata Prefecture 新潟県 |
| --- |
| Prefectur |
| Japanese transcription(s) |
|  • Japanese | 新潟県 |
|  • Rōmaji | Niigata-ken |
| Seembol |
|  |
| Kintra | Japan |
| Region | Chūbu, Hokuriku |
| Island | Honshu |
| Caipital | Niigata |
| Govrenment |
|  • Govrenor | Hideyo Hanazumi |
| Area |
|  • Total | 12,582.47 km2 (4,858.12 sq mi) |
| Area rank | 5t |
| Population (1 Februar 2011) |
|  • Total | 2,371,574 |
|  • Rank | 14t |
|  • Density | 188.48/km2 (488.2/sq mi) |
| ISO 3166 code | JP-15 |
| Destricts | 9 |
| Municipalities | 30 |
| Flouer | Tulip (*Tulipa gesneriana*) |
| Tree | Camellia (*Camellia japonica*) |
| Bird | Crested Ibis (*Nipponia nippon*) |
| Website | www.pref.niigata.lg.jp/en |

**Niigata Prefectur** (新潟県, *Niigata-ken*) is a prefectur o Japan locatit on the island o Honshū on the coast o the Sea o Japan. The caipital is the ceety o Niigata. The name "Niigata" leeterally means "new lagoon".

## Freemit airtins

* Offeecial Niigata Prefectur wabsteid Archived 2015-09-08 at the Wayback Machine (requires Macromedia Flash plugin)
* Niigata JET (Japan Education and Teaching Programme) Website Archived 2010-08-03 at the Wayback Machine
* Enjoy Niigata Niigata prefectur tourism guide Archived 2007-12-17 at the Wayback Machine

Template:Niigata
# Khuzestan Province

Location o Khuzestan athin Iran
**Khuzestan Province** (Persie: استان خوزستان‎, *Ostān-e Khūzestān* ) is ane o the 31 provinces o Iran. It is in the soothwast o the kintra, borderin Iraq's Basra Province an the Persie Gulf. Its caipital is Ahwaz an covers an aurie o 63,238 km². Ither major ceeties include Behbahan, Abadan, Andimeshk, Khorramshahr, Bandar Imam, Dezful, Shushtar, Omidiyeh, Izeh, Baq-e-Malek, Mah Shahr, Dasht-i Mishan/Dasht-e-Azadegan, Ramhormoz, Shadegan, Susa, Masjed Soleiman, Minoo Island an Hoveizeh.

## Freemit airtins

* *Haft Tappeh*, Photos frae Iran, *Livius* Archived 2006-09-27 at the Wayback Machine.
* Haft Tappe archeological steid in Khuzestan Archived 2007-09-28 at the Wayback Machine
* Choqa Zanbil Ziggurat Offeecial wabsteid Archived 2005-11-30 at the Wayback Machine
* Offeecial wabsteid o Khuzestan Govrenorship Archived 2007-06-23 at the Wayback Machine
* Khuzestan Business Directory Archived 2013-05-15 at the Wayback Machine
* Khuzestan Travel Guide Archived 2013-05-20 at the Wayback Machine
* Khuzestan Province Depairtment o Eddication Archived 2005-10-18 at the Wayback Machine (in Persie)
* Images o Khuzestan Archived 2007-09-27 at the Wayback Machine
* Khuzestan branch o the Iranian Students' News Agency Archived 2006-12-08 at the Wayback Machine (ISNA)
* Khuzestan: The First Front in the War on Iran? Archived 2008-06-03 at the Wayback Machine bi Zoltan Grossman
* Khuzestan Heritage Conservation Group (Taryana) Archived 2013-05-09 at the Wayback Machine
* Hamid-Reza Hosseini, *Shush at the fit o Louvre* (*Shush dar dāman-e Louvre*), in Persie, Jadid Online, 10 Mairch 2009, .
Audio slideshow: (6 min 31 sec).

Template:Khuzestan Province
# Baton Rouge

| Baton Rouge Bâton-Rouge |
| --- |
| Ceety |
| Ceety o Baton Rouge |
| Baton Rouge waterfront |
| BannerSeal |
| Eik-name(s): Reid Stick, Jigga Ceety, The Caipital Ceety, B.R, The Chemical Ceety |
| Location in East Baton Rouge Pairish, Louisiana an the state o Louisiana |
| Baton RougeLocation within the Unitit States |
| Coordinates: ﻿ / ﻿ |
| Kintra |  Unitit States |
| State |  Louisiana |
| Pairish | East Baton Rouge Pairish |
| Foondit | 1699 |
| Settled | 1719 |
| Incorporatit | Januar 16, 1817 |
| Govrenment |
|  • Mayor | Melvin "Kip" Holden (D) |
| Area |
|  • Ceety | 204.89 km2 (79.11 sq mi) |
|  • Laund | 199.29 km2 (76.95 sq mi) |
|  • Water | 5.59 km2 (2.16 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 17 m (56 ft) |
| Population (2010) |
|  • Ceety | 229,493 |
|  • Estimate (2014) | 228,895 |
|  • Rank | US: 96t |
|  • Density | 1148.5/km2 (2,975/sq mi) |
|  • Urban | 594,309 (US: 68t) |
|  • Metro | 820,159 (US: 69t) |
| Demonym(s) | Baton Rougeon |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (CST) |
|  • Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
| ZIP code | 70821, 70820, 70818, 70808, 70879, 70810 |
| Area code(s) | 225 |
| Website | www.brgov.com |

**Baton Rouge** (Inglis pronunciation: [ˌbætən ˈɹuːʒ], French: **Bâton-Rouge**, pronooncit [bɑtɔ̃ ʁuʒ] ( listen), leeterally: "Reid Stick") is the caipital an the seicont-lairgest ceety o the state o Louisiana, Unitit States.

## Sister cities

* Córdoba, Mexico (Veracruz)
* Aix-en-Provence, Fraunce
* Taichung, Taiwan
* Malatya, Turkey
# Pharaoh

Efter Djoser o the third dynasty, keengs usually wur depictit wearin the nemes headdress, a false beard, an an ornate kilt
**Pharaoh** (/ˈfeɪ.roʊ/, /fɛr.oʊ/ or /fær.oʊ/) is a title uised in mony modren discussions o the rulers o aw Auncient Egyptian dynasties. The title originates in the Egyptian term *pr ˤ3*, leeterally "great hoose", describin the ryal palace. Historically, however, "pharaoh" anly stairtit being uised as a title for the king during the New Kinrick, specifically during the middle o the aichteent dynasty, efter the reign o Hatshepsut.
# Tropics

Warld map wi the tropics heichlichted in reid
The **tropics** is a region o the Yird surroonding the Equator. It is leemitit in latitude bi the Tropic o Cancer in the northren hemisphere at 23°26′09.0″ (or 23.43584°) N an the Tropic o Capricorn in the soothren hemisphere at 23°26′09.0″ (or 23.43584°) S; these latitudes correspond tae the axial tilt o the Yird. The tropics are an aa referred tae as the **tropical zone** an the **torrid zone** (see geografical zone). The tropics include aw the auries on the Yird whaur the Sun reaches a subsolar pynt, a pynt directly owerheid at least ance durin the solar year.

The tropics are distinguished frae the other climatic an biomatic regions of Yird, the middle latitudes an the polar regions on either side o the equatorial zone.
# Marshal

**Marshal** is a term uised in several offeecial teetles in various branches o society. As marshals acame trusted members o the coorts o Medieval Europe, the teetle grew in reputation. During the last few centuries, it haes been uised for elevatit offices, such as in militar rank an ceevilian law enforcement.
# Provinces o Spain

| Provinces o Spain |
| --- |
|  |
| Category | Province |
| Location | Spain |
| Foond in | Autonomous commonty |
| Creautit bi | Ryal Decree (30/11/1833) |
| Creautit | 1833 |
| Nummer | 50 |
| Populations | 95,258–6,458,684 |
| Auries | 1,980–21,766 km² |
| Govrenment | Provincial cooncil |
| Subdiveesions | Comarca Municipality |

**Spain** an its autonomous commonties are dividit intae fifty **provinces** (Spaingie: *provincias*, IPA: [pɾoˈβinθjas]; sing. *provincia*).

## Freemit airtins

* Maps of the provinces of Spain Archived 2016-03-06 at the Wayback Machine Maps o Spain's Provinces
* List of municipalities of Spain listed by province frae the Spaingie INE (Naitional Statistics Institute) (in Spaingie)

Template:Airticles on seicont-level admeenistrative diveesions o European kintras
# Taiwanese pop

**Taiwanese pop** (simplifeed Cheenese: 台语流行音乐; traditeeonal Cheenese: 台語流行音樂; pinyin: *Táiyǔ Liúxíng Yīnyuè*; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: *Tâi-gí liû-hêng im-ga̍k*) is a popular muisic genre sung in the Taiwanese Hokkien leid/dialect, producit mainly in Taiwan (Republic o Cheenae). It is referred tae as Tai-pop an suffered a setback durin the years o mairtial law in Taiwan. Upon the liftin o mairtial law in Taiwan in 1987, numerous airtists began tae produce Taiwanese sang tracks an entire albums in Taiwanese. Tai-pop awtho cultivatit in Taiwan is popular amangst Hokkien Cheenese fowk in Xiamen, Philippines, Malaysie, Singapore, an Indonesie whaur it is aften referred tae as Hokkien pop or Fujian muisic.

## Terminologie

Cantonese, Mandarin an Taiwanese (Hokkien) aw derive frae the Sino-Tibetan leids faimily. The historical oreegin o Taiwanese pop comes frae a Japanese enka base insteid o a Cheenese shidaiqu base.
 Muisic o this category are sometimes cried *"Aboriginal Taiwanese pop"* tae distinguish it frae Mandarin pop muisic in Taiwan. An aw, acause it developin frae tradeetional Japanese enka, it is become complicatit wi its varieties.
# Puil (cue sports)

Dutch pool player Niels Feijen a the 2008 European Pool Championship.
**Puil** (Inglish: **pool**) i a classification o cue sports played o a table wi sax pockets alang the rails, intae which balls are deposited. Each specific pool gemme haes i ain name; some o the better-kent include eight-bawl, blackball, nine-bawl, ten-bawl, seven-bawl, straight puil, one-pocket, an bank puil.

The generic term **pocket billiards** i whiles an aw uised, an favored bi some pool-industri bodies, i technically a broader classification, includin gemmes sic a snooker, Russian pyramid, an kaisa, wae are nae referred ti a pool gemmes. I maist pairts o the warld, i commonly referred tae as juist "billiards", analogous tae the term "bowling" bein commonly uised tae refer the gemme o ten-pin bowling.

* Shamos, Mike (1999). *The New Illustrated Encyclopedia of Billiards*. New York: Lyons Press. ISBN 1-55821-797-5.
* Byrne, Robert (1978), *Byrne's Standard Book of Pool and Billiards*, New York and London: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, ISBN 0-15-115223-3
# Senkaku Islands

Senkaku Islands| Disputit islands Ither names: Japanese: 尖閣諸島 (Senkaku) Cheenese: 釣魚台列嶼 (Diaoyutai/Tiaoyutai) or 钓鱼岛及其附属岛屿 (Diaoyu/Tiaoyu) Pinnacle Islands |
| --- |
|  |
| Location o the islands (reid rectangle an inset). |
| Geography |
|  |
| Location | Paceefic Ocean |
| Coordinates | ﻿ / ﻿ |
| Total islands | 5 + 3 rocks |
| Major islands | Uotsuri-shima / Diaoyu Dao Taishō-tō / Chiwei Yu Kuba-shima / Huangwei Yu Kita-Kojima / Bei Xiaodao Minami-Kojima / Nan Xiaodao |
| 7 square kilometres (1,700 acres) |
| Admeenistered bi |
|  Japan |
| Ceety | Ishigaki, Okinawa |
| Claimit bi |
|  Japan |
| Ceety | Ishigaki, Okinawa |
|  Fowkrepublic o Cheenae |
| Tounship | Toucheng, Yilan Coonty, Taiwan Province |
|  Republic o Cheenae (Taiwan) |
| Tounship | Toucheng, Yilan Coonty, Taiwan Province |

The **Senkaku Islands** (尖閣諸島, *Senkaku-shotō*, variants: 尖閣群島 *Senkaku-guntō* an 尖閣列島 *Senkaku-rettō*), forby kent as the **Diaoyu Islands** (Cheenese: 钓鱼岛及其附属岛屿; pinyin: *Diàoyúdǎo jí qí fùshǔ dǎoyǔ*; or jist 钓鱼岛) in Mainland Cheenae or **Tiaoyutai Islands** (Cheenese: 釣魚台列嶼; pinyin: *Diàoyútái liè yǔ*) in Taiwan, or the **Pinnacle Islands**, is a group o islands controlled bi Japan in the East Cheenae Sea wi nae indwellers. Thay are locatit thareby due east fae Mainland Cheenae, noreast fae Taiwan, wast fae Okinawa Island, an north fae the soothwastren end o the Ryukyu Islands.

Efter it wis diskivert in 1968 that ile reserves micht be foond unner the sea near the islands, Japan's sovereignty ower them haes been disputit bi the Fowkrepublic o Cheenae (PRC) an the Republic o Cheenae (ROC, commonly kent as Taiwan) follaein the transfer o admeenistration frae the Unitit States tae Japan in 1971. The Cheenese claim the discovery an control o the islands frae the 14t century. Japan controlled the islands frae 1895 till its surrender at the end o Warld War II. The Unitit States admeenistered them as pairt o the Unitit States Ceevil Admeenistration o the Ryukyu Islands frae 1945 till 1972, whan the islands revertit tae Japanese control unner the Okinawa Reversion Treaty atween the Unitit States an Japan.

The islands are an issue in foreign relations atween Japan an the FRC an atween Japan an the ROC. In maugre o the complexity o relations atween the FRC an ROC, baith govrenments gree that the islands is pairt o Taiwan as pairt o Toucheng Township in Yilan Coonty o thair respective diveesions. Japan disnae offeecially recognise Taiwan as a sovereign state, an regards the islands as a pairt o Ishigaki, Okinawa Prefectur an aknawledges the claims o naither the FRC nor ROC tae the islands. The Japanese govrenment hisnae alloued Ishigaki tae develop the islands.
# Greater Sunda Islands

Greater Sunda Islands| Geografie |
| --- |
| Location | Sooth East Asie |
| Coordinates | ﻿ / ﻿ |
| Airchipelagae | Sunda Islands |
| Admeenistration |
| **Brunei** |
| **Indonesie** |
| **Malaysie** |

The **Greater Sunda Islands** are a group o muckle islands within the Malay Airchipelago.
# Puncak Jaya

| Puncak Jaya |
| --- |
| Carstensz Pyramid |
| Peak o Puncak Jaya. |
| Heichest pynt |
| Elevation | 4,884 m (16,024 ft)  |
| Prominence | 4,884 m (16,024 ft)  Ranked 9t |
| Isolation | 5,262 kilometre (3,270 mi) |
| Leetin | Seven Summits Kintra heich pynt Ultra Ribu |
| Coordinates | ﻿ / ﻿  |
| Geografie |
| Puncak JayaPapua Province, Indonesie
 |
| Parent range | Sudirman Range |
| Climbing |
| First ascent | 1936 bi Colijn, Dozy, an Wissels 1962 bi Harrer, Temple, Kippax an Huizenga |
| Easiest route | rock/snaw/ice climb |

**Puncak Jaya** (pronoonced [ˈpuntʃaʔ ˈdʒaja]) or **Carstensz Pyramid** (4,884 m) is the heichest summit o **Moont Carstensz** /ˈkɑːrstəns/ in the Sudirman Range o the wastren central heichlaunds o Papua Province, Indonesie (within Puncak Jaya Regency).
# Indonesian leid

**Indonesian** (*Bahasa Indonesia*) is the offeecial leid o Indonesie. Indonesian is a normative form o the Riau dialect o Malay, an Austronesian leid which haes been uised as a lingua franca in the Indonesian archipelago for centuries.

Indonesia is the fowert maist populous naition in the warld. O its muckle population the number o fowk who fluently speak Indonesian is fast approachin 100%, sicweys makin Indonesian ane o the maist widely spoken leids in the warld. Maist Indonesians, aside frae speakin the naitional leid, are aften fluent in anither regional leid (ensaumples include Javanese, Minangkabau an Sundanese) which are commonly uised at hame an athin the local community. Maist formal eddication, as well as nearly aw naitional media an ither forms o communication, are conductit in Indonesian. In East Timor, which wis an Indonesian province frae 1975 tae 1999, Indonesian is recognised bi the constitution as ane o the twa wirkin leids (the ither is Inglish, alangside the offeecial leids o Tetum an Portuguese).

The Indonesian name for the leid is *Bahasa Indonesia* (literally "the leid o Indonesie"). This term can whiles still be foond in written or spoken Inglis. In addition, the leid is whiles referred tae as "Bahasa" bi Inglis speakers, tho this simply means "leid" an sicweys daes no technically specify the Indonesian leid.
# Diwali

| Diwali |
| --- |
| Rangoli decorations, made uisin coloured pouder, are popular durin Diwali |
| An aa called | Deepavali, Divali, Thee Vazhi, Festival o Lichts |
| Observed bi | Hindus, Sikhs, Jains an ither faiths |
| Teep | Religious |
| Celebrations | Diya an Lichtin, Home decoration, Shoppin, Firewirks, Puja (Prayers), Gifts, Feast an Sweets |
| Begins | Dhanteras, 2 days afore Diwali |
| Ends | Bhai Dooj, 2 days efter Diwali |
| Date | Decidit bi the Hindu Lunisolar calendar |
| Relatit tae | Kali Puja, Diwali (Jainism), Bandi Chhor Divas |

**Diwali** (Inglis pronunciation: /dᵻˈwɑːliː/) alsae cried the "**festival o lichts**", is an auncient Hindu festival celebratit ilka year.
# Abdelaziz Bouteflika

| Abdelaziz Bouteflika |
| --- |
| عبد العزيز بوتفليقة |
|  |
|  |
| 5th Preses o Algerie |
| **In office** 27 Aprile 1999 – 2 Aprile 2019 |
| Prime Meenister | Smail Hamdani Ahmed Benbitour Ali Benflis Ahmed Ouyahia Abdelaziz Belkhadem Ahmed Ouyahia Abdelmalek Sellal Youcef Yousfi (Acting) Abdelmalek Sellal Abdelmadjid Tebboune Ahmed Ouyahia Noureddine Bedoui |
| Precedit bi | Liamine Zéroual |
| Succeedit bi | Abdelmadjid Tebboune |
|  |
| Personal details |
| Born | 2 Mairch 1937(1937-03-02) Oujda, Morocco |
| Dee'd | 17 September 2021(2021-09-17) (aged 84) Algiers, Algeria |
| Poleetical pairty | Naitional Liberation Front |
| Religion | Sunni Islam |
| Militar service |
| Allegiance |  Algerie |
| Service/brainch | Naitional Liberation Airmy |
| Years o service | 1954–1962 |
| Battles/wars | Algerian War |

**Abdelaziz Bouteflika** (pronunciation ; Arabic: عبد العزيز بوتفليقة‎ [ʕaːbd lʕziz butfliqa]; 2 Mairch 1937 – 17 September 2021) wis an Algerian politeecian who wis the fift Preses o Algerie (1999-2019).
# Piracy

The tradeetional "Jolly Roger" o piracy.
**Piracy** is an act o robbery or criminal violence bi ship- or boat-borne attackers upon anither ship or a coastal aurie, typically wi the goal o stealin cargae an ither valuable items or properties. Thae wha tak pairt in acts o piracy are cried **pirates**.
# Beirut

| Beirut بيروت *Bayrūt* Beyrouth (French) |
| --- |
| Ceety |
|  |
| BannerSeal |
| BeirutLocation in Lebanon. The surroondin destrict can be seen on the map. |
| Coordinates: ﻿ / ﻿ |
| Kintra | Lebanon |
| Govrenorate | Beirut, Caipital Ceety |
| Govrenment |
|  • Mayor | Bilal Hamad |
| Area |
|  • Ceety | 20 km2 (8 sq mi) |
|  • Urban | 100 km2 (40 sq mi) |
|  • Metro | 200 km2 (80 sq mi) |
| Population |
|  • Ceety | 750,000 |
|  • Urban | 1,900,000 |
|  • Metro | 2,250,000 ~ 3,000,000 |
| Time zone | +2 |
|  • Summer (DST) | +3 |
| Website | Ceety o Beirut |

**Beirut** (Arabic: بيروت‎, *Bayrūt*) is the caipital an lairgest ceety o Lebanon wi a population rangin frae some 1 million tae ower 2 million as o 2007. Locatit on a peninsulae at the midpoint o Lebanon's coastline wi the Mediterranean sea, it serves as the kintra's lairgest an main seaport, an an' a' forms the Beirut Metropolitan Aurie, which consists o the ceety an its suburbs. The first mention o this metropolis is foond in the ancient Egyptian Tell el Amarna letters, datin tae the 15t century BC, an the ceety haes been continuously inhabitit syne.

Beirut haulds Lebanon's seat o govrenment, an plays a central role in the Lebanese economy wi its ceety centre, Hamra, Verdun, an Ashrafieh-based corporate firms an banks. The ceety is the focal point o the kintra's cultural life, renouned for its press, theatres, cultural activities, an nichtlife. Efter the destructive Lebanese ceevil war, Beirut unnerwent major reconstruction, an the redesigned historic ceety centre, marina, pubs an nichtlife destricts hae ance again rendered it a tourist attraction.
Beirut wis named the top place tae visit in 2009 bi *The New York Times*. It wis an aa leetit as ane o the ten liveliest ceeties in the warld bi Lonely Planet in 2009.

## Internaitional relations

### Twin touns – Sister ceeties

Beirut is twinned wi:

|  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| * Amman, Jordan
* Athens, Greece
* Baghdad, Iraq
* Bogotá, Colombie
* Brest, Fraunce
* Cairo, Egyp
* Damascus, Sirie
* Tripoli, Libie
 | * Dubai, Unitit Arab Emirates
* Isfahan, Iran.
* Istanbul, Turkey
* Kuwait Ceety, Kuwait
* Los Angeles, Unitit States
* Lyon, Fraunce
* Marseille, Fraunce
 | * Mexico Ceety, Mexico
* Moscow, Roushie
* Nicosia, Cyprus
* Quebec Ceety, Canadae
* Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
* Split, Croatie
* Strasbourg, Fraunce
* Yerevan, Armenie
 |  |
# Theobroma cacao

| *Theobroma cacao* |
| --- |
|  |
| Cacao fruits on the tree |
| Scientific classification |
| Kinrick: | Plantae |
| (unranked): | Angiosperms |
| (unranked): | Eudicots |
| (unranked): | Rosids |
| Order: | Malvales |
| Faimily: | Malvaceae |
| Genus: | *Theobroma* |
| Species: | T. cacao |
| Binomial name |
| Theobroma cacao L. |

Theobroma cacao an aa **cacao tree** an **cocoa tree**, is a smaa (4–8 m (13–26 ft) taw) evergreen tree in the faimily Malvaceae, native tae the deep tropical regions o Central an Sooth Americae. Its seeds are uised tae mak cocoa pouder an chocolate.