# Kyrgyzstan

| Kyrgyz Republic Кыргыз Республикасы *Kyrgyz Respublikasy* |
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 Emblem

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| **Anthem:** Кыргыз Республикасынын Мамлекеттик Гимни *Kyrgyz Respublikasynyn Mamlekettik Gimni* *Naitional Anthem o the Kyrgyz Republic*  |
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| Caipital | Bishkek ﻿ / ﻿ |
| Lairgest ceety | capital |
| Offeecial leids | * Kyrgyz (naitional)
* Russian (offeecial)
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| Ethnic groups  | * 72.6% Kyrgyz
* 14.4% Uzbek
* 6.4% Roushie
* 1.1% Dungan
* 5.5% ithers
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| Demonym(s) | * Kyrgyzstani
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| Govrenment | Unitary pairliamentary republic |
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| • Preses  | Sadyr Japarov (Садыр Жапаров) |
| • Prime Meenister  | Akylbek Japarov (Акылбек Жапаров) |
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| Legislatur | Supreme Cooncil |
| Unthirldom frae the Soviet Union |
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| • Kara-Kirghiz AO  | 14 October 1924 |
| • Kirghiz SSR  | 5 December 1936 |
| • Unthirldom declared  | 31 August 1991 |
| • Recognized  | 25 December 1991 |
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| Aurie |
| • Total | 199,951 km2 (77,202 sq mi) (86t) |
| • Water (%) | 3.6 |
| Population |
| • 2020 estimate | 6,586,600 (110t) |
| • 2009 census | 5,362,800 |
| • Density | 27.4/km2 (71.0/sq mi) (176t) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2019 estimate |
| • Total | $35.324 billion  |
| • Per capita | $5.470 |
| GDP (nominal) | 2019 estimate |
| • Tot | $8.455 billion |
| • Per capita | $1,309 |
| Gini (2018) | 27.7 law |
| HDI (2019) | 0.697 medium · 120t |
| Currency | Som (KGS) |
| Time zone | UTC+5 tae +6 (KGT) |
| Drivin side | richt |
| Cawin code | +996 |
| ISO 3166 code | KG |
| Internet TLD | .kg |

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**Kyrgyzstan** (Inglis pronunciation: /ˈkɜːrɡɪstɑːn/ KUR**-gi-stahn*; Kyrgyz: **Кыргызстан** [qɯrʁɯzstɑ́n]; Roushie: Кыргызстан [kɨrɡɨsˈtan]), offeecially the **Kyrgyz Republic** is ane o the sax independent Turkic states thegither wi Turkey, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan an Kazakhstan. Locatit in Central Asie, landlockt an mountainous, Kyrgyzstan mairches Kazakhstan tae the north, Uzbekistan tae the wast, Tajikistan tae the soothwast an Fowkrepublic o Cheenae tae the east. Its caipital an lairgest ceety is Bishkek.

"Kyrgyz", is believed tae hae been derived frae the Turkic wird for "fowertie", in reference tae the fowertie clans o Manas, a legendary hero who unitit fowertie regional clans against the Uyghers. At the time, in the early 9t century AD, the Uyghers dominatit muckle o Central Asie (includin Kyrgyzstan), Mongolie, an pairts o Roushie an Cheenae.

Bi extension, Kyrgyz is an aa thocht tae mean "unconquerable" or "undefeatable".

The 40-ray sun on the banner o Kyrgyzstan is a reference tae those same fowertie tribes an the graphical element in the sun's centre depicts the widden croun o a yurt—a portable dwellin tradeetionally uised bi nomads in the steppes o Central Asie.

## Leids

Kyrgyzstan is ane o the twa umwhile Soviet republics in Central Asie tae retain Roushie as an offeecial leid (Kazakhstan is the ither). It addit the Kyrgyz leid tae acome an offeecially bilingual kintra in September 1991. This bilingualism wis intendit tae seegnal tae the ethnic Roushies that thay wur walcome in the new independent state, in an effort tae avyde human caipital flicht.

Kyrgyz is a member o the Turkic group o leids an wis written in the Arabic alphabet till the twintiet century. Laitin script wis introduced an adoptit in 1928, an wis subsequently replaced bi Cyrillic script in 1941.

Generally, fowk unnerstaund an speak Roushie aw ower the kintra, except for some remote muntain auries. Roushie is the mither tongue o the majority o Bishkek dwallers, an maist business an poleetical affairs are cairied oot in this leid. Till recently, Kyrgyz remeened a leid spoken at hame an wis rarely uised durin meetins or ither events. Housomeivver, maist pairlamentar meetins the day are conductit in Kyrgyz, wi simultaneous interpretation available for those no speakin Kyrgyz.

## Provinces an destricts

Kyrgyzstan is dividit intae seiven provinces (sing. *oblast* (область), pl. *oblasttar* (областтар)) admeenistered bi appointit govrenors. The caipital, Bishkek, an the seicont lairgest ceety Osh are admeenistratively independent ceeties (*shaar*) wi a status equal tae a province.

Provinces o Kyrgyzstan
The provinces, an independent ceeties, are as follaes:

1. Ceety o Bishkek
2. Batken
3. Chuy
4. Jalal-Abad
5. Naryn
6. Osh
7. Talas
8. Issyk-Kul
9. Ceety o Osh

Each province comprises a nummer o destricts (*raions*), admeenistered bi govrenment-appointit offeecials (*akim*). Rural communities (*ayıl ökmötü*), consistin o up tae 20 sma settlements, hae thair awn electit mayors an cooncils.

## Freemit airtins

Government
* President of Kyrgyzstan Archived 2009-02-02 at the Wayback Machine official steid
* Government of Kyrgyzstan official steid
* Parliament of Kyrgyzstan Archived 2020-11-29 at the Wayback Machine official steid
* Laws of the Kyrgyz Republic

General information
* Country Profile fae BBC News
* Kyrgyzstan Archived 2025-04-19 at the Wayback Machine. *The World Factbook*. Central Intelligence Agency.
* Kyrgyzstan at *UCB Libraries GovPubs*
* Key Development Forecasts for Kyrgyzstan fae International Futures

Maps
* Wikimedia Atlas o Kyrgyzstan