Rikunarita-ORG/Wikinium huggingface dataset:
# Pape John Paul II

| Saunt John Paul II |
| --- |
| *Pape (Bishop o Roum etc.)* |
| John Paul II in 1993 |
| Native name | Pols: *Jan Paweł II* |
| Kirk | Roman Catholic Kirk |
| Installed | 16 October 1978 |
| Term endit | 2 Aprile 2005 |
| Predecessor | John Paul I |
| Successor | Benedict XVI |
| Ither posts | * Auxiliary Bishop o Kraków, Poland (1958–1964)
* Titular Bishop o Ombi (1958–1964)
* Airchbishop o Kraków, Poland (1964–1978)
* Cardinal-Priest o San Cesareo in Palatio (1967–1978)
 |
| Orders |
| Ordination | 1 November 1946 |
| Consecration | 28 September 1958 bi Eugeniusz Baziak |
| Creatit Cardinal | 26 Juin 1967 bi Paul VI |
| Personal details |
| Birth name | Karol Józef Wojtyła |
| Born | 18 Mey 1920(1920-05-18) Wadowice, Republic o Poland |
| Deed | 2 Apryle 2005(2005-04-02) (aged 84) Apostolic Palace, Vatican Ceety |
| Naitionality | Pols (wi Vatican citizenship) |
| Denomination | Catholic |
| Slogan | [*Totus Tuus*] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help) (Totally yers) |
| Signatur |  |
| Coat o airms |  |
| Saunthuid |
| Feast day | 22 October |
| Beatified | 1 Mey 2011 Saunt Peter's Square, Vatican Ceety bi Pape Benedict XVI |
| Patronage | Warld Youth Day (Co-Patron) |
| Ither papes named John Paul |

**Pape John Paul II** (Laitin: *Ioannes Paulus PP. II*), born **Karol Józef Wojtyła** (Mey 18t, 1920 in Wadowice (Poland) – Aprile 2nt, 2005), reigned as pape o the Catholic Kirk for naurhaund 27 year, frae 16t October 1978 till his daith, makkin his the thrid-langest ring in the Historie o the Papacy bi the Roman Catholic Kirk's tradeetional wey o it. Durin his ring he helpit tae bring doun communism bi support o the Pols Solidairity an wis kent as the Great Traiveller due tae the monie kintras he veesitit durin his ring. In 1982 he veesitit Scotland an gied mass at Murrayfield Stadium in Embra an at Bellahouston Pairk in Glesca. At the latter o the twa masses 800,000 fowks attendit an that wis a record ootthrou the hale o Breetain. On 13t Mey 2005, Pape Benedict XVI, John Paul II's heir, waived the five year waitin time for a raison for beatification tae be opened. The offeecial process for beatification begoud in the Diocese o Roum on Juin 28t, 2005.

| Pape |
| --- |
| **Predicessor** Pape John Paul I | Pape John Paul II 1978-2005 | **Successor** Pape Benedict XVI |
| Leet o papes |
# Alanis Morissette

| Alanis Morissette |
| --- |
| Morissette performing at Saban Theater in Beverly Hills, Californie in Mey 2014 |
| Born | Alanis Nadine Morissette  (1974-06-01) 1 Juin 1974 Ottawa, Ontario, Canadae |
| Residence | Brentwood, Los Angeles, Californie, US |
| Citizenship | Canadian an American (dual) |
| Thrift | * Sangster
* sangwriter
* record producer
* actress
 |
| Hauf-marrae(s) | Mario Treadway (m. 2010) |
| Bairns | 1 |
| Kin | Wade Morissette (brither) |
| **Muisical career** |
| Genres | * Alternative rock
* post-grunge
* pop rock
* electronica
 |
| Instruments | * Vocals
* piano
* guitar
* flute
* harmonica
 |
| Years active | 1983–present |
| Labels | * MCA Canada
* Maverick
* Collective Sounds
 |
| Associate acts | * Tim Thorney
* Dave Matthews Band
 |
| Wabsteid | alanis.com |
|  |

**Alanis Nadine Morissette** (born Juin 1, 1974) is a Canadian-American alternative rock sangster-sangwriter, guitarist, record producer, an actress. Morissette began her career in Canadae in the early 1990s, wi twa commercially successfu dance-pop albums.

## Albums

* Alanis (1991)
* Now Is the Time (1992)
* Jagged Little Pill (1995)
* Supposed Former Infatuation Junkie (1998)
* Under Rug Swept (2002)
* So-Called Chaos (2004)
* Flavors of Entanglement (2008)
* Havoc and Bright Lights (2012)
* Such Pretty Forks in the Road (2020)
# Robert De Niro

| Robert De Niro |
| --- |
| De Niro at the 2011 Tribeca Film Festival premiere o *The Bang Bang Club* |
| Born |  (1943-08-17) 17 August 1943 Manhattan, New York, U.S. |
| Ither names | Robert DeNero, Robert DeNiro |
| Thrift | * Actor
* producer
* director
 |
| Years active | 1963–present |
| Hauf-marrae(s) | * Diahnne Abbott (m. 1976–1988)
* Grace Hightower (m. 1997)
 |
| Bairns | 7 |
| Pawrents | Robert De Niro, Sr. Virginia Admiral |

**Robert De Niro** (/dəˈnɪroʊ/; born 17 August 1943) is an American actor, producer, an director that hauds baith American an Italian ceetizenship.

De Niro wis cast as the young Vito Corleone in the 1974 film *The Godfather Part II*, for that he wan the Academy Awaird for Best Supportin Actor. His langtime collaboration wi director Martin Scorsese earned him the Academy Awaird for Best Actor for his portrayal o Jake LaMotta in the 1980 film *Raging Bull*. He received the AFI Life Achievement Awaird in 2003, the Gowden Globe Cecil B. DeMille Awaird in 2010, an the Presidential Medal o Freedom frae Preses Barack Obama in 2016.

De Niro's first major film roles war in the sports drama *Bang the Drum Slowly* (1973) an Scorsese's crime film *Mean Streets* (1973). He earned Academy Awaird nominations for the psychological thrillers *Taxi Driver* (1976) an *Cape Fear* (1991), baith directit bi Scorsese. De Niro received addeetional nominations for Michael Cimino's Vietnam war drama *The Deer Hunter* (1978), Penny Marshall's drama *Awakenings* (1990), an David O. Russell's romantic comedy-drama *Silver Linings Playbook* (2012). His portrayal o gangster Jimmy Conway in Scorsese's crime film *Goodfellas* (1990), an his role as Rupert Pupkin in the black comedy film *The King of Comedy* (1983), earned him BAFTA Awaird nominations.

De Niro haes earned fower nominations for the Gowden Globe Awaird for Best Actor – Motion Pictur Muisical or Comedy, for his wark in the muisical drama *New York, New York* (1977), the action comedy *Midnight Run* (1988), the gangster comedy *Analyze This* (1999), an the comedy *Meet the Parents* (2000). Ither notable performances include roles in *Once Upon a Time in America* (1984), *Brazil* (1985), *The Mission* (1986), *The Untouchables* (1987), *Heat* (1995), an *Casino* (1995). He haes directit an starned in films sic as the crime drama *A Bronx Tale* (1993) an the spy film *The Good Shepherd* (2006).
# K-pop

| K-pop |
| --- |
| Stylistic oreegins | Rhythm an blues • Jazz • Fowk • Dance • Clessical • Rock an roll • Synthpop • Korean muisic |
| Cultural oreegins | Nominally early 1990s, Sooth Korea (ruits tracit tae the 1960s) |
| Teepical instruments | Vocals • Rappin • Drum machine • Drum pad • Drums • Electric bass • Keybuirds • Piano • Sampler • Sequencer • Synthesizer |
| Local scenes |
| Seoul |
| Ither topics |
| Muisic o Korea C-pop • J-pop • Mandopop |

**K-pop** (a abbreviation o **Korean popular muisic**; Korean: 케이팝 or K팝, romanisit *keipap*) is a muisical genre oreeginatin in Sooth Korea that is characterisit bi a wide variety o audiovisual elements. Awtho it comprises aw genres o "popular muisic" athin Sooth Korea, the term is mair aften uised in a narraeer sense tae describe a modren form o Sooth Korean pop muisic coverin maistly dance-pop, pop ballad, electronic, rock, hip-hop, R&B, etc.

In 1992, modren K-pop wis ushered in wi the formation o Seo Taiji & Boys, whose successfu experimentation wi different muisic styles haed spairkit a paradigm shift in the muisic industry o Sooth Korea. As a result, the integration o foreign muisical elements haes nou acome a common practice in the K-pop industry.

Bi tappin intae social netwirkin services an the video sharin platform YouTube, the K-pop industry's ability tae secure a sizable owerseas audience haes facilitatit a noticeable rise in the global proliferation o the genre. Syne the mid-2000s, the K-pop muisic mercat haes experienced dooble deegit growthe rates. In the first hauf of 2012, it grossed nearly US$3.4 billion, an wis recognisit bi Time magazine as "South Korea's Greatest Export".

First gainin popularity in East Asie in the late 1990s, K-pop entered the Japanese muisic mercat towards the turn o the 21st century. In the late 2000s, it grew frae a muisical genre intae a subcultur amang teenagers an young adults o East an Sootheast Asie. Currently, the spread o K-pop tae ither regions o the warld, via the Korean wave, is seen in pairts o Laitin Americae, Northeast Indie, North Africae, the Middle East, Eastren Europe an immigrant enclaves o the Wastren warld.
# NASDAQ

NASDAQ|  |
| Teep | Stock exchynge |
| Location | One Liberty Plaza 165 Broadway, New York Ceety, Unitit States |
| Coordinates |  |
| Foondit | Februar 4, 1971 (1971-02-04) |
| Awner | Nasdaq, Inc. |
| Currency | Unitit States dollar |
| No. o leetins | Approximately 3,500 |
| Wabsteid | Nasdaq.com |

The **NASDAQ Stock Market**, commonly kent as the **NASDAQ** (currently stylised as **Nasdaq**), is an American stock exchynge.
# Manga

A ensaumple o a manga.
**Manga** (漫画, *Manga*) are comics creatit in Japan, or bi Japanese creators in the Japanese leid, conformin tae a style developed in Japan in the late 19t century.
# Brig

The masonry "Bridge of 33 Arches" ower the Zayandeh River is the epitome o Safavid dynasty (1502-1722) brig design. Esfahan, Iran.
The "Story Bridge" in Brisbane, Australie, biggit in 1940 wi modren materials, is an ensaumple o a steel cantilever brig.
A **brig** is a structure biggit tae span a gorge, glen, gate, railwey track, river, body o watter, or ony ither pheesical obstacle. Designs o brigs will vary dependin on the function o the brig an the naitur o the terrain whaur the brig is tae be biggit.
# Project Gutenberg

**Project Gutenberg** (**PG**) is a volunteer effort tae digitise an airchive cultural wirks, tae "encourage the creation and distribution of eBooks". It wis foondit in 1971 bi Michael S. Hart an is the auldest digital library.
# Turkey

| Republic o Turkey *Türkiye Cumhuriyeti*  (Turkis) |
| --- |
|
Banner

Naitional emblem

 |
| **Anthem:**[*İstiklal Marşı*] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help) "Unthirldom Mairch" |
|  |
|  |
| Caipital | Ankara ﻿ / ﻿ |
| Lairgest ceety | Istanbul ﻿ / ﻿ |
| Offeecial leids | Turkis |
| Spoken leids | Turkis, Kurmanji, Arabic, Zaza, Kabardian, various leids |
| Ethnic groups  | *No offeecial estimates* |
| Demonym(s) | Turkis |
| Govrenment | Unitary pairlamentary constitutional republic |
|  |
| • Preses  | Recep Tayyip Erdoğan |
| • Vice President  | Fuat Oktay |
| • Speaker o the Pairlament  | Mustafa Şentop |
|  |
| Legislatur | Grand Naitional Assembly |
| Succession tae the Ottoman Empire |
|  |
| • Govrenment o the Grand Naitional Assembly  | 23 Aprile 1920 |
| • Treaty o Lausanne | 24 Julie 1923 |
| • Declaration o Republic | 29 October 1923 |
| • Current constitution | 7 November 1982 |
|  |
| Aurie |
| • Total | 783,562 km2 (302,535 sq mi) (37t) |
| • Water (%) | 1.3 |
| Population |
| • 2014 census | 77,695,904 (18t) |
| • Density | 101/km2 (261.6/sq mi) (107t) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2014 estimate |
| • Total | $1.586 trillion |
| • Per capita | $20,299 |
| GDP (nominal) | 2014 estimate |
| • Tot | $861 billion |
| • Per capita | $11,018 |
| Gini (2013) |  40.0 medium · 56t |
| HDI (2021) |  0.838 verra heich · 48t |
| Currency | Turkis lira ₺ (TRY) |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy (AD) |
| Drivin side | right |
| Cawin code | +90 |
| ISO 3166 code | TR |
| Internet TLD | .tr |
| **Wabsteid** www.turkiye.gov.tr |

Territorial organization
**Turkey** (Turkis: *Türkiye*), kent offeecially as the **Republic o Turkey** (Turkis: *Türkiye Cumhuriyeti*) is a muckle kintra in Eurasie. It haes laund mairches wi Greece an Bulgarie tae the wast an Georgie, Armenie, Azerbaijan (kent thegither as the "Caucasus" kintras), Iran, Iraq an Sirie tae the east an watter mairches wi the Mediterranean Sea tae the sooth. The maist o Turkis citisens are ethnic turks, wi kurds bein the lairgest minoritie in the kintra.

The kintra wis the centre o the Ottoman Empire that haed owerins ower mony different kintras in baith wast Asie an sooth-east Europe. Houaniver, efter the First Warld War the Ottoman Empire wis malafousterd. It haed been allee'd tae Germany an efter the defeat o thon kintra an it's allees thare wis a brief period o occupation o twa o the kintra's muckle maist cities; Istanbul an Izmir bi the Allee'd Pooers. Houaniver, the kintra wis leeberatit unner the heidsmanship o Mustafa Kemal, kent forby as Atatürk (*The Faither o the Turks* in Turkis) an it becam an unthirlt republic in the 1920s. The caipital o Turkey is Ankara, but its muckle maist ceety is Istanbul that's seetuate in the wast o the kintra an wis historically kent as "Constantinople" an wis the caipital o the "Eastren Roman" or "Byzantine Empire".

Turkey haes aboot 74,816,000 fowk in it.
# Banner o Scotland

Banner o Scotland
The **banner o Scotland** featurs a white saltire, a *crux decussate* (X-shapit ruid) representin the ruid o the Christian mairtyr Saunt Andra, the patron saunt o Scotland, on a blue field. It is cried the **Saltire** or the **Saunt Andra's Cross**. In heraldic langage, it can be blazoned *Azure, a saltire argent*.

| Scheme | Blue | White |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Pantone | 300 C | White |
| HTML | #005EB8 | #FFFFFF |
# Catholic Kirk

|  Catholic Kirk |
| --- |
| Laitin: *Ecclesia Catholica |
| Saunt Peter's Basilica, Vatican Ceety |
| Polity | Episcopal |
| Heid | Pape Leo XIV |
| Admeenistration | Roman Curia |
| Dioceses | Airchdioceses: 640 Dioceses: 2,851 |
| Pairishes | 221,700 |
| Heidquarters | Vatican Ceety |
| Foonder | Jesus Christ, accordin tae Catholic tradeetion |
| Oreegin | 1st century Jerusalem, Judea Roman Empire |
| Members | 1.299 billion |
| Clergy | Bishops: 5,304 Priests: 415,656 Deacons: 45,255 |

The **Roman Catholic Kirk** is the lairgest Christian denomination in aw the warld. Ane oot o ilka sax humans belangs this kirk. It is lead bi the Pape an it haes ower ae billion follaers un da auld t'eeder. Accordin tae Catholics, the verra first Pape wis St. Peter that wis made Pape bi Jesus himsel. Sae the Roman Catolick kirk can follae its line aw the wey back tae St. Peter, in a direct line o succession throu the Papes (the Haily Faithers or Bishops o Roum). The Pape the nou is Leo XIV. In Scotland thare's ower 800,000 Catolick fowk.

## Freemit airtins

* Haly See  – offeecial wabsteid
# Aviation

**Aviation** is the design, development, production, operation, an uise o aircraft, especially hivier-nor-air aircraft. The wird "Aviation" wis coined bi French writer an umwhile naval afficer Gabriel La Landelle in 1863, frae the verb "avier" (synonymous fleein), itself derived frae the Laitin wird "avis" ("bird") an the suffix "-ation".
# Swisserland

| Swiss Confederation * *Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft*  (German)
* *Confédération suisse*  (French)
* *Confederazione Svizzera*  (Italian)
* *Confederaziun svizra*  (Romansh)
* *Confoederatio Helvetica*  (Laitin)
 |
| --- |
|
Banner

 Coat o airms

 |
| **Motto:**(tradeetional) "Unus pro omnibus, omnes pro uno" (Laitin) "Ane for aw, aw for ane" |
| **Anthem:**"Swiss Psalm" Duration: 1 minute and 25 seconds.1:25 |
| Location o  Switzerland  (green)on the European continent  (green & dark grey) |
| Caipital | None (*de jure*) Bern (*de facto*) ﻿ / ﻿ |
| Lairgest ceety | Zürich |
| Offeecial leids | German French Italian Romansh |
| Demonym(s) | Scots: Swiss, German: *Schweizer(in)*, French: *Suisse(sse)*, Italian: *svizzero/svizzera, or elvetico/elvetica*, Romansh: *Svizzer/Svizra* |
| Govrenment | Federal semi-direct democracy unner multi-pairty pairlamentary directorial republic |
|  |
| • Federal Cooncil  | * Karin Keller-Sutter (Preses)
* [[]] (Vice Preses)
* Guy Parmelin
* Ignazio Cassis
* Albert Rösti
* Elisabeth Baume-Schneider
* Beat Jans
 |
| • Federal Chancellor | Viktor Rossi |
|  |
| Legislatur | Federal Assembly |
| • Upper house | Cooncil o States |
| • Lower house | Naitional Cooncil |
| History |
|  |
| • Foondation date  | c. 1300 (tradeetionally 1 August 1291) |
| • Peace o Westphalie  | 24 October 1648 |
| • Restoration  | 7 August 1815 |
| • Federal state  | 12 September 1848 |
|  |
| Aurie |
| • Total | 41,285 km2 (15,940 sq mi) (135t) |
| • Water (%) | 4.2 |
| Population |
| • 2016 estimate | 8,401,120 (99th) |
| • 2015 census | 8,327,126 |
| • Density | 202/km2 (523.2/sq mi) (63rd) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2016 estimate |
| • Total | $493.126 billion (39t) |
| • Per capita | $59,150 (9t) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2016 estimate |
| • Tot | $651.770 billion (19th) |
| • Per capita | $78,179 (2nt) |
| Gini (2015) |  29.5 law · 19th |
| HDI (2015) |  0.939 verra heich · 2nt |
| Currency | Swiss franc (CHF) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Date format | dd.mm.yyyy (AD) |
| Drivin side | right |
| Cawin code | +41 |
| ISO 3166 code | CH |
| Internet TLD | .ch |
| **Wabsteid** www.admin.ch |

Territorial Organization
**Swisserland** (German: *Schweiz*, French: *Suisse*, Italian: *Svizzera*, Romansh: *Svizra*, Laitin: *Helvetia*), kent offeecially the **Swiss Confederation** (German: *Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft*, French: *Confédération Suisse*, Italian: *Confederazione Svizzera* an Romansh: *Confederaziun Svizra*, Laitin: *Confoederatio Helvetica*), is an Alpine kintra in Central Europe. It is landlockit an haes the neebours Germany tae the North, Fraunce tae the Wast, Italy tae the Sooth an Austrick an Liechtenstein tae the East. Historically it wis a Confederation but syne 1848 it haes been a Federation. It haes a strang economy in finance an baunkin an haes a lang history o bein neutral baith poleetical an meelitar.
# State o Palestine

| State o Palestine دولة فلسطين (Arabic) **Dawlat Filasṭīn** |
| --- |
|
Banner

 Coat o airms

 |
| **Anthem:**"فدائي" "Fida'i" "My Redemption"   |
| Territory claimed bi the State o Palestine (green) Territory an aa claimed bi Israel (licht green) |
| Status | Pairtially recognised state, UN observer state Recognised bi 136 UN member states |
| * Proclaimed capital
* Admeenistrative center
 | * Jerusalem (East)
* Ramallah
 |
| Lairgest ceety | Gaza Ceety |
| Offeecial leids | Arabic |
| Demonym(s) | Palestinian |
| Govrenment | Unitar semi-presidential republic |
|  |
| • Preses  | Mahmoud Abbasb |
| • Prime Meenister  | Rami Hamdallah |
| • Speaker o Pairlament  | Salim Zanoun |
|  |
| Legislatur | Naitional Cooncil |
| Formation |
|  |
| • Declaration o Unthirldom  | 15 November 1988 |
| • UNGA observer state resolution  | 29 November 2012 |
| • Sovereignty dispute wi Israel  | *Ongaein*c |
|  |
| Aurie |
| • Total | 6,020 km2 (2,320 sq mi) (163rd) |
| • Water (%) | 3.5 |
| • Wast Bank | 5,860 km2 |
| • Gaza Strip | 360 km2 |
| Population |
| • 2014 estimate | 4,550,368 (123rd) |
| • Density | 731/km2 (1,893.3/sq mi) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2008a estimate |
| • Total | $11.95 billiona (–) |
| • Per capita | $2,900a (–) |
| Gini (2009) | 35.5 medium |
| HDI (2014) |  0.677 medium · 113t |
| Currency | * Egyptian poond (EGP)
* Israeli new shekel (ILS)
* Jordanian dinar (JOD)
* (see an aa Palestinian siller)
 |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (Palestine Staundart Time) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (Palestine Simmer Time) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Drivin side | right |
| Cawin code | +970 |
| ISO 3166 code | PS |
| Internet TLD | .ps |
| 1. Population an economy stateestics an rankins are based data o the PCBS.
2. An aa the leader o the state's govrenment.
3. The territories claimed are unner Israeli occupation.
 |

The **State o Palestine** (Arabic: دولة فلسطين‎, *Dawla(t) Filasṭīn*), offeecially simply **Palestine** (Arabic: فلسطين‎, *Filasṭīn*, *Falasṭīn*), is a polity that wis unilaterally declared in Algiers on 15 November 1988, when the Palestine Liberation Organization's (PLO) National Council (PNC) adoptit the Palestinian Declaration o Unthirldom. In the West Bank is bordered tae the east an wast bi Jordan an Israel respectively. While in the Gaza Strip, it is bordered bi Egyp and Israel.

## Admeenistrative diveesions

Palestine is dividit intae 16 govrenorates an thir include:

* Jenin Govrenorate
* Tubas Govrenorate
* Nablus Govrenorate
* Tulkarm Govrenorate
* Salfit Govrenorate
* Qalqilya Govrenorate
* Ramallah an al-Bireh Govrenorate
* Jericho Govrenorate
* Jerusalem Govrenorate
* Bethlehem Govrenorate
* Hebron Govrenorate
* North Gaza Govrenorate
* Gaza Govrenorate
* Deir al-Balah Govrenorate
* Khan Yunis Govrenorate
* Rafah Govrenorate
# Coat o airms o Ukraine

| Coat o airms o Ukraine |
| --- |
|  |
| Details |
| Armiger | Ukraine |
| Adoptit | 19 Februar 1992 |
| Escutcheon | Azure, a tryzub Or |
| Earlier versions |  |
| Uise | Ukrainian Fowksrepublic (1918-1920) |

The **State Coat o Airms o Ukraine** (Ukrainian: Державний Герб України) or commonly the **Tryzub** (Ukrainian: Тризуб, "trident") is the naitional coat o airms o Ukraine, featurin the same colors foond on the Ukrainian banner; a blue shield wi yellae trident, cried the tryzub. It appears on the Presidential staundart o Ukraine.

The sma coat o airms wis offeecially adoptit on 19 Februar 1992, while constitutional provisions exist for establishin the great coat o airms, which is no yet offeecially adoptit.

Template:Ukraine topics

Template:Ukrainian coats o airms
Template:Ukrainian heraldry
Template:Naitional seembols o Ukraine
# Douala

| Douala |
| --- |
| Douala |
| DoualaCairt o Cameroon shawin the location o Douala. |
| Coordinates: ﻿ / ﻿ |
| Kintra |  Cameroon |
| Region | Littoral |
| Depairtment | Wouri |
| Govrenment |
| Area |
|  • Total | 210 km2 (80 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 13 m (43 ft) |
| Population (2012 (est.)) |
|  • Total | 2,446,945 |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (WAT) |
|  • Summer (DST) | UTC+1 (WAT) |
| Website | Official website |

**Douala** is the lairgest ceety in Cameroon, the caipital o Cameroon's Littoral Region an the richest ceety in the whole CEMAC region o sax countries. Home tae Cameroon's lairgest port an its major internaitional airport, Douala Internaitional Airport, it is the commercial caipital o the kintra. Consequently, it handles maist o the kintra's major exports, such as ile, cocoa an coffee, timber, metals an fruits. As o 2010 the ceety an its surroondin aurie haed an estimatit population that surpassed 3,000,000 indwallers. The ceety sits on the estuary o the Wouri River an its climate is tropical. Settlements haed already existit on present-day Douala prior tae the arrival o the Portuguese, Breetish, an Germans; however, it wis during the German colonization that the ceety began tae develop rapidly as a commercial an poleetical hub o the German colonial admeenistration. Durin Warld War I bitter battles wur foucht for control o Douala. Bi the time the war endit the Breetish an the French haed seized the ceety frae the Germans. A jynt Anglo-French condominium govrened the ceety till a comprehensive agreement cedit it (an much o Cameroon) tae the French. Efter the unthirldom o Cameroon, Douala haes grown rapidly. Local industries, trade, an ither opportunities hae attractit an unprecedentit influx o migrants, especially frae the wastren region o Cameroon. Fowk frae ither kintras in the region hae an aa permanently settled in the ceety; thay include Nigerians, Chadians, an Malians. In recent times ceety authorities hae been owerwhelmed bi rapidly increasing population; services are stretched an thare is an urgent need tae enhance the ceety's abeelity tae cope wi the rapid growth.
Douala is the 27t maist expensive ceety in the warld an the maist expensive in Africae, owertakin Lagos, Nigerie at 32nd. It is ranked 27t for 2009, up frae 34t in 2008. In 2007 it wis ranked 24t in the warld an 1st in Africae. Douala is the first ceety in tropical Africae tae hae a piped natural gas supply (presently servin anly industrial customers).
Douala is the hometoun o FC Barcelona midfielder Alex Song, an Wrexham FC goalkeeper Joslain Mayebi.

## Sister ceeties

| Ceety | Region | Kintra |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Strasbourg |  Alsace |  Fraunce |
| Akhisar |  Manisa Province |  Turkey |
| Dakar |  Dakar Region |  Senegal |
| Newark |  New Jersey |  Unitit States |
| Philadelphie |  Pennsylvanie |  Unitit States |
| Windhoek |  Khomas Region |  Namibie |

## Freemit airtins

* Offeecial Douala wabsteid Archived 2005-06-26 at the Wayback Machine
* Image o Douala frae Google Earth