# Ottoman Empire

| Ottoman Empire دَوْلَتِ عَلِيّهٔ عُثمَانِیّه *Devlet-i Âliyye-i Osmâniyye* |
| --- |
| 1299–1923 |
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| **Motto:**دولت ابد مدت Devlet-i Ebed-müddet (The Eternal State) |
| **Anthem:**Ottoman imperial anthem |
| Expansion o the Ottoman Empire atween 1481 an 1683 (excludin Algerie, Sudan, Hejaz, Asir and Yemen) |
| Caipital | Söğüt (1299–1309) Yarhisar (1309-1314) İnegöl (1314-1326) Bursa (1326–1365) Adrianople (1365–1453) Constantinople (1453–1922) |
| Common leids | Ottoman Turkish (offeecial), mony ethers |
| Releegion  | Offeecial releegion: Sunni Islam Minority releegions: Eastren Orthodox, Rouman Catholic, Judaism, Shiaism |
| Govrenment | Absolute monarchy (1299-1876) (1878-1908) (1918-1922) Constitutional monarchy (1876-1878) (1908-1918) |
| Sultan |   |
|  |
| • 1281–1326 (first)  | Osman I |
| • 1918–1922 (last)  | Mehmed VI |
|  |
| Grand Vizier |   |
|  |
| • 1320–1331 (first)  | Alaeddin Pasha |
| • 1920–1922 (last)  | Ahmed Tevfik Pasha |
|  |
| Legislatur | Imperial Parliament |
| • Upper house | Senate |
| • Lower house | Chamber o Deputies |
| History |   |
|  |
| • Established  | 1299 |
| • Disestablished  | 29 October 1923 |
|  |
| Aurie |
| 1683 | 5,200,000 km2 (2,000,000 sq mi) |
| 1914 | 1,800,000 km2 (690,000 sq mi) |
| Currency | Akçe, Para, Kuruş, Lira, Sultanî |
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|  |  |
| --- | --- |
| **Precedit bi** | **Succeedit bi** |
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|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  | Byzantine Empire |
|  | Sultanate o Rûm |
|  | Empire o Trebizond |
|  | Despotate o the Morea |
|  | Despotate o Epirus |
|  | Despotate o Dobruja |
|  | Karamanids |
|  | Kinrick o Bosnie |
|  | Bulgarie Empire |
|  | Serbie Empire |
|  | League o Lezhë |
|  | Mamluk Sultanate |
|  | Kinrick o Hungary in the Middle Ages |
|  | Algerie an Tunis |

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|  |  |
| --- | --- |
| Turkish Provisional Govrenment |  |
| Hellenic Republic |  |
| Sultanate o Egyp |  |
| Condominium o Bosnie an Herzegovinae |  |
| Principality o Serbie |  |
| Provisional Govrenment o Albanie |  |
| Kinrick o Romanie |  |
| Principality o Bulgarie |  |
| Breetish Cyprus |  |
| French Algerie |  |
| French Tunisie |  |
| Sheikhdom o Kuwait |  |
| OETA |  |
| Italian North Africae |  |
| Yemen |  |

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The **Ottoman Empire**, kent offeecially as **Sublime Ottoman State** (Ottoman Turkis: دَوْلَتِ عَلِيّهٔ عُثمَانِیّه *Devlet-i ʿAliyye-yi ʿOsmâniyye*, Modren Turkis: *Yüce Osmanlı Devleti* or *Osmanlı İmparatorluğu*) wis an empire that lastit frae 1299 tae 1923.

At the hicht o its pouer, in the saxteent an seiventeent centuries, the empire spanned three continents, controlling the feck o Sootheastren Europe, Wastren Asie an North Africae The Ottoman Empire conteened 29 provinces an numerous vassal states, some o which wur later absorbed intae the empire, while ithers wur grantit various teeps o autonomy in the course o centuries. The empire temporarily gained authority ower distant owerseas lands forby, throu declarations o allegiance tae the Ottoman Sultan an Caliph, lik the declaration bi the Sultan o Aceh in 1565; or throu the temporar acquisitions o islands in the Atlantic Ocean, lik Lanzarote in 1585.

The empire wis at the centre o interactions atween the Eastern an Wastren warlds for sax centuries. Wi Constantinople as its caipital ceety, an vast control o lands aroond the eastren Mediterranean throu the reign o Suleiman the Magneeficent (ruled 1520 tae 1566), the Ottoman Empire wis, in mony respeckkts, an Islamic successor tae the Eastren Roman (Byzantine) Empire.

The Ottoman Empire came tae an end, as a regime unner an imperial monarchy, on November 1, Mehmed VI deportit frae Constantinople on November 17. It formally endit, as a *de jure* state, on Julie 24, 1923, unner the Treaty o Lausanne. Wi the Treaty of Lausanne (signed on Julie 24, 1923) the new Turkis State (still nae a Republic, whilk wis proclaimed later on October 29, 1923) heidquartered in Ankara wis internaitionally recognised as the successor tae the Sublime Ottoman State. It wis succeedit bi the Republic o Turkey whilk wis offeecially proclaimed on October 29, 1923.

The empire wis forby kent in Inglis as the **Osmanic Empire**, the **Osmanian Empire** or the **Ottoman State**. Mony contemporaries referred tae it as the **Turkis Empire** or simply **Turkey**.