Rikunarita-ORG/Wikinium huggingface dataset:
# Leeteratur

**Leeteratur** is leiterally "an acquent wi letters" (frae the Latin *littera* meanin "the ae written chairacter (letter)"). The term haes maistly come til identifee a collection o texts. The wird "leeteratur" as a common noon can refer til onie kin o writin, sic as essays; "Leeteratur" as a proper noon refers til a hail bodie o leiterar wark, global or anent the ae cultur. Monie a time there's confusion on the actual defineition o leeteratur an Leeteratur. The wird "leeteratur" can be baith singular an plural, juist like "Literatur". Sayin that, "leeteraturs" is plural forby. Houaniver "Leeteratur", wi emphasis on uppercase L, is a subset o the mair wide-reengin "leeteratur". "Leeteratur" is uised for onie written wark o byordinar intellectual calibre, whiles "leeteratur" can be oniething written. Sae, *War and Peace* bi Tolstoy is "Leeteratur" (singular) as weel as "leeteratur" (singular), but Charles Dickens's wark is pairt o "Leeteratur" (plural) as weel as "leeteratur" (plural). Mairanower a Harry Potter novel will be thocht on as "leeteratur" (singular) but nae as "Leeteratur" (singular) sith maist fowk wadna deem the beuks as intellectual or meaninfu eneuch at an academic level. Likewice the Harry Potter collection bi J. K. Rowling will be thocht on as "leeteratur" (plural) but nae as "Leeteratur" (plural). What is intellectual an meaninfu is subjective an aften controversial or dubious, but it daesna interfere wi the defineition abuin.
# Noon

Ae **noon** is ae pairt o speech at represents ae thing, ae steid, ae thocht, ae bodie or ither leevin things.

## See an aw

* Pairts o speech
* Graimmar
# Adjective

In grammar, an **adjective** is a 'describin' wird; the main syntactic role o whilk is tae qualify a noon or noon phrase, giein mair information aboot the object signified.
# Verb

A **verb**, frae the Laitin *verbum* meanin *wird*, is a wird (pairt o speech) that in syntax conveys an action (*bring*, *read*, *walk*, *run*, *learn*), an occurrence (*happen*, *become*), or a state o bein (*be*, *exist*, *staund*). In the uisual descrievin o Inglis, the basic form, wi or wioot the pairticle *tae*, is the infinitive.
# Laitin alphabet

| Laitin  |
| --- |
|  |
| Teep |  Alphabet
 |
| Leids | * Laitin
* Romance
* Germanic some dialects o
* Kurdish
* Celtic
* Baltic
* Some Slavic leids
* Some Turkic leids
* Some Uralic leids
* Some Caucasic leids
* Some Niger–Congo leids
* Some Nilo-Saharan leids
* Afroasiatic leids
* Austronesie leids
* Austroasiatic leids

Official script in:

131 sovereign states[show]
* Albanie
* Andorrae
* Angolae
* Antigua an Barbuda
* Argentinae
* Australie
* Austrick
* Azerbaijan
* Bahamas
* Barbados
* Belgium
* Belize
* Benin
* Bolivie
* Botswana
* Brazil
* Burkina Faso
* Burundi
* Cameroon
* Canada
* Cape Verde
* Central African Republic
* Chile
* Colombie
* Congo
* Costa Rica
* Template:Kintra data Cote D'Ivoire
* Croatie
* Cuba
* Czech Republic
* Denmark
* Template:Kintra data Democratic Republic o Congo
* Dominica
* Dominican Republic
* East Timor
* Ecuador
* El Salvador
* Equatorial Guinea
* Estonie
* Fiji
* Finland
* Fraunce
* Gabon
* Gambie
* Ghana
* Germany
* Grenada
* Guatemala
* Guinea
* Guyana
* Haiti
* Honduras
* Hungary
* Iceland
* Indonesie
* Ireland
* Italy
* Jamaica
* Kenyae
* Kiribati
* Kazakhstan
* Latvie
* Lesotho
* Liberie
* Liechtenstein
* Lithuanie
* Luxembourg
* Madagascar
* Malawi
* Malaysie
* Mali
* Maltae
* Marshall Islands
* Mexico
* Micronesie
* Moldovae
* Monaco
* Mozambique
* Namibie
* Nauru
* Netherlands
* New Zealand
* Nicaragua
* Niger
* Nigerie
* Norawa
* Palau
* Panama
* Papua New Guinea
* Paraguay
* Peru
* Philippines
* Poland
* Portugal
* Romanie
* Rwanda
* Samoa
* San Marino
* Saunt Kitts an Nevis
* Saunt Lucia
* São Tomé and Príncipe
* Saunt Vincent an the Grenadines
* Senegal
* Sierra Leone
* Singapore
* Slovakia
* Slovenia
* Solomon Islands
* Sooth Africae
* Spain
* Sooth Sudan
* Suriname
* Swaziland
* Swaden
* Swisserland
* Tanzanie
* Togo
* Tonga
* Trinidad an Tobago
* Turkey
* Turkmenistan
* Tuvalu
* Uganda
* Unitit Kinrick
* Unitit States
* Uruguay
* Uzbekistan
* Vanuatu
* Vatican Ceety
* Venezuela
* Vietnam
* Zambie
* Zimbabwe

Co-offeecial script in:

12 sovereign states[show]
* Bosnie an Herzegovinae
* Chad
* Djibouti
* Eritrea
* Indie
* Kazakhstan
* Mauritanie
* Montenegro
* Pakistan
* Serbie
* Somalie
* Sudan

* European Union
 |
| Time period | c. 700 BC – present |
| Parent systems | Egyptian hieroglyphs* Proto-Sinaitic alphabet
	+ Phoenicie alphabet
		- Greek alphabet
			* Auld Italic script
				+ Laitin
 |
| Child seestems | Numerous Laitin alphabets; mair divergent derivations sic as Osage an aw |
| Sister seestems | * Cyrillic
* Coptic
* Armenian
* Georgie
* Runic (Futhark)
 |
| Direction | Left-to-right |
| ISO 15924 | `Latn, 215` |
| Unicode alias | Latin |
| Unicode range | *See Laitin chairacters in Unicode* |
|

The **Laitin** or **Roman alphabet** is the writin seestem oreeginally uised bi the auncient Romans tae write the Laitin leid. **Latin script**, or **Roman script**, is a set o graphic witters (script) based on these letters.
# Ainu leids

| Ainu |
| --- |
| Ainuic |
| アイヌ・イタㇰ *Aynu=itak* |
| Region | Currently anerly Hokkaidō; umwhile an aw soothren an central Sakhalin, the Kuril Islands, an possibly northren Honshū |
| Ethnicity | Ainu |
| Native speakers | 304 (2011) |
| Leid faimily | Leid isolate or ane o the warld's primar leid faimilies |
| Dialects | * Hokkaidō Ainu
* Sakhalin Ainu †
* Kuril Ainu †
 |
| Writin seestem | Katakana, Laitin |
| Leid codes |
| ISO 639-2 | `ain` |
| ISO 639-3 | `ain` |
| Glottolog | `ainu1252` |
| Historically attestit range o the Ainu (solit reid) an suspectit umwhilerange (pink) based on toponymic evidence (reid dots) [Vovin 1993], Matagi veelages (purpie dots), an Japanese isoglosses |

**Ainu** (Ainu: アイヌ・イタㇰ, *Aynu itak*; Japanese: アイヌ語 *Ainu-go*) is a group o leids, spoken bi memmers o the indigenous Ainu fowk on the northren Japanese island o Hokkaido.

## Fremmit airtins

* Literature and materials for learning Ainu Archived 2008-09-17 at the Wayback Machine (in Inglis)
* The *Book of Common Prayer* in Ainu
* *A Grammar of the Ainu Language* bi John Batchelor
* *An Ainu-English-Japanese Dictionary*, includin *A Grammar of the Ainu Language* bi John Batchelor
# Tokyo

| Tokyo 東京 |
| --- |
| Metropolis |
| 東京都 · Tokyo Metropolis |
| Frae top left: Nishi-Shinjuku, Tokyo Touer, Rainbow Bridge, Shibuya, Naitional Diet Biggin |
| SealSymbol |
| Anthem: *Tokyo Metropolitan Song* (東京都歌, *Tokyo Toka*) |
| Location o Tokyo in Japan |
| TokyoLocation o Tokyo in Japan |
| Coordinates: ﻿ / ﻿ |
| Kintra | Japan |
| Region | Kantō |
| Island | Honshu |
| Diveesions | 23 special wairds, 26 ceeties, 1 destrict, & 4 subprefecturs |
| Govrenment |
|  • Teep | Metropolis |
|  • Govrenor | Yuriko Koike |
|  • Caipital | Shinjuku |
| Area(rankit 45t) |
|  • Metropolis | 2187.66 km2 (844.66 sq mi) |
|  • Metro | 13572 km2 (5,240 sq mi) |
| Population (2019) |
|  • Metropolis | 13,929,280 |
|  • Rank | 1st in Japan |
|  • Density | 6349/km2 (16,440/sq mi) |
|  • Metro | 37,468,000 (2018, Greater Tokyo Area) |
| Demonym(s) | Tokyoite |
| Time zone | UTC+9 (Japan Staundart Time) |
| ISO 3166-2 | JP-13 |
| **Flouer** | Somei-Yoshino cherry blossom |
| **Tree** | Ginkgo tree (*Ginkgo biloba*) |
| **Bird** | Black-heidit Gull (*Larus ridibundus*) |
| Website | www.metro.tokyo.jp |

**Tokyo** (Japanese: 東京, *Tōkyō*, "aestren caipital") is the hame tae the Japanese govrenment an the emperor, makkin it the Caipital o Japan. It is the naition's maist populous urban area an aw (12 million fowk, or aboot 10 percent o the kintra's population, bides in Tokyo), an ane o the 47 prefecturs o Japan.

## Airt

Tokyo is locate in the Kanto region on the island o Honshu. Its centre is at 35°41' North, 139°46' Aest (35.68333, 139.7667), but its borders extends tae ootlyin islands in the Paceefic Ocean, some sae hyne awa as 1,000 km sooth o the mainlaund.

## Geography an admeenistrative diveesions

Tokyo is north-wast o Tokyo Bay, an is aboot 90 km aest-tae-wast an 25 km north-tae-sooth. It borders Chiba Prefectur tae the aest, Yamanashi Prefectur tae the wast, Kanagawa Prefectur tae the sooth, an Saitama Prefectur tae the north. Forby thon it conseests o islands in the Paceefic Ocean directly sooth—the Izu Islands is closest, while the Ogasawara Islands raxes ower 1,000 km awa fae mainland Japan.

## Sister relationships

Tokyo haes elieven sister ceeties/states:

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
| * Beijing, PRC
* Berlin, Germany
* Cairo, Egyp
* Jakarta, Indonesie
* Moscow, Roushie
* New Sooth Wales, Australie
 | * New York Ceety, Unitit States
* Paris, Fraunce
* Roum, Italy
* São Paulo State, Brazil
* Seoul, Sooth Korea
 |

In addition, Tokyo haes a "pairtnership" agreement wi:

* Lunnon, Unitit Kinrick.

## Varsities

* Keio Varsity
* Nihon Varsity
* Varsity o Tokyo
* Waseda Varsity

## Companies

* Sega
* Sony
* Tokyo Stock Exchynge
* NHK
* Nihon Ki-in
# Honshu

**Honshu** (Japanese: 本州) is the lairgest island o the Japanese Archipelago. It is sooth o Hokkaido, thorter the Tsugaru Strait, nooth o Shikoku thorter the Inland Sea, an noorth-east o Kyushu thorter the Kanmon Strait.

It haed 103 million inwallers in 2005. The ceeties o Tokyo, Kyoto, Osaka, Nagoya, Kobe, an Hiroshima is on the island.
# Kyushu

**Kyushu** (Japanese: 九州) is the sooth-wastrenmaist island o Japan, ewest Honshu an Shikoku. 13,231,995 (2006) fowk bide yon.
The lairgest ceety is Fukuoka.
# Shikoku

**Shikoku** (Japanese: 四国) is the fowert lairgest island o the Japanese Archipelago. It haes 4,141,955 indwallers. Matsuyama is the heidmaist ceety. The heid river is the Yoshino River. Shikoku, unlike the three mickle Japanese islands aside it, disna hae volcanaes.
# Hokkaido

**Hokkaido** (Japanese: 北海道, romanizit *Hokkaidō*) is the noorthrenmaist island o the Japanese Airchipelago. Japan's lairgest island, Honshu, is sooth o Hokkaido thorter the Tsugaru Strait, but the unnerwatter Seikan Tunnel jynes the twa islands. It's caipital an lairgest ceety is Sapporo. Ainerly aboot 5.6 million indwallers bide yon, even wi the 103 million o Honshu.
# Kobe

| Kobe 神戸 |
| --- |
| Designatit ceety |
| 神戸市 · Kobe Ceety |
| Frae top left: Port o Kobe, Akashi Kaikyō Brig, Kitano-chō, Kobe Cheenaetoun, Nicht View frae Kikuseidai o Mt. Maya, Kobe Port Touer |
| Banner |
| Location of Kobe in Hyōgo |
| Kobe  |
| Coordinates: ﻿ / ﻿ |
| Country | Japan |
| Region | Kansai |
| Prefectur | Hyōgo |
| Govrenment |
|  • Mayor | Tatsuo Yada |
| Area |
|  • Total | 552.26 km2 (213.23 sq mi) |
| Population (1 August 2011) |
|  • Total | 1,545,410 (5t) |
| Time zone | UTC+9 (Japan Staundart Time) |
| - Tree | *Camellia sasanqua* |
| - Flouer | Hydrangea |
| Phone number | 078-331-8181 |
| Address | 6-5-1 Kano-chō, Chūō-ku, Kōbe-shi, Hyōgo-ken 650-8570 |
| Website | Ceety o Kobe |

**Kobe** (神戸市, *Kōbe-shi*), pronooncit kohːbay, is the fift-lairgest ceety in Japan an is the caipital ceety o Hyōgo Prefectur on the soothren side o the main island o Honshū, approximately 30 km (19 mi) wast o Osaka. Wi a population o about 1.5 million, the ceety is pairt o the Keihanshin (*Keihanshin*) metropolitan aurie alang wi Osaka an Kyoto.

## Internaitional relations

### Twin touns an sister ceeties

Kobe haes seiven sister ceeties an a number o ither affiliations. They are:

* Seattle, Unitit States (1957)
* Marseille, Fraunce (1961)
* Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (1969)
* Riga, Latvie (1974)
* Brisbane, Australie (1985)
* Barcelona, Spain (1993)
* Incheon, Republic o Korea (2010)

## Freemit airtins
# Mongolien leid

| Mongolien |
| --- |
| монгол хэл
 |
| Pronunciation | /mɔŋɢɔ̆ɮ xeɮ/ |
| Native tae | Mongolie |
| Region | Aw o state Mongolie an Inner Mongolie; Buryatia, Kalmykia, pairts o Irkutsk Oblast, Zabaykalsky Krai in Roushie; pairts o Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Xinjiang, Gansu an Qinghai provinces in Cheenae; Issyk-Kul Region in Kyrgyzstan |
| Native speakers | 5.2 million (2005) |
| Leid faimily | Mongolic
* **Mongolien**
 |
| Early forms | Middle Mongolie
* Clessical Mongolie
 |
| Staundart forms | Khalkha (Mongolie)
Chakhar (Cheenae)

 |
| Dialects | * Khalkha
* Chakhar
* Khorchin
* Baarin
* Xilingol
* Darkhad
 |
| Writin seestem | Mongolie alphabets: Tradeetional Mongolie alphabet (in Cheenae), Mongolie Cyrillic alphabet (in Mongolie), Mongolie Braille |
| Offeecial status |
| Offeecial leid in |  Mongolie
 Cheenae
* Inner Mongolie Autonomous Region
 |
| Regulatit bi | Mongolia: State Leid Cooncil, China: Council for Language and Literature Work |
| Leid codes |
| ISO 639-1 | `mn` |
| ISO 639-2 | `mon` |
| ISO 639-3 | `mon` – inclusive code Individual codes: `khk` – Khalkha Mongolie `mvf` – Peripheral Mongolie (part) |
| Glottolog | `mong1331` |
| Linguasphere | `part of 44-BAA-b` |
| Geografic distribution o Mongolic fowks athort Asie (reid) |
|

The **Mongolien leid** ( , **Mongγol kele**; Cyrillic: Монгол хэл, **Mongol khel** ) is the best-kent member o the Mongolic leid family. It haes aboot 5.7 million speakers, includin ower 90% o the residents o Mongolie an mony o the Mongolien residents o the Inner Mongolie autonomous region o Cheenae. In Mongolie, the Khalkha dialect o Mongolien, written in Cyrillic, is predominant; in Inner Mongolie, the leid is mair dialectally diverse an written in the traditional Mongolien script.

Mongolien haes vouel hermony an a complex seellabic structure for a Mongolic leid that allous up tae three seellable-final consonants. It is a typical agglutinative leid that relies on suffix chains in the verbal an nominal domains. While the basic wird order is subject–object–predicate, the noun phrase order is relatively free, so functional roles are indicatit bi a seestem o aboot aicht grammatical cases. Thare are five voices. Verbs are marked for voice, aspect, tense, an epistemic modality/evidentiality. In sentence linkin, a special role is played bi converbs.

Modren Mongolien evolved frae "Middle Mongolien", the leid spoken in the Mongol Empire o the 13t an 14t centuries. In the transition, a major shift in the vouel hermony paradigm occurred, lang vouels developed, the case seestem wis slichtly reformed, an the verbal seestem wis restructured.
# Egyptian hieroglyphs

**Egyptian hieroglyphs** (/ˈhaɪər.oʊɡlɪf/ HYR**-o-**GLIF) wur a formal writin seestem uised bi the auncient Egyptians that combined logographic an alphabetic elements. Egyptians uised cursive hieroglyphs for releegious leeteratur on papyrus an wid. Less formal variations o the script, cried hieratic an demotic, are technically nae hieroglyphs.
# Leid faimly

Ensaumples o faimilies o leids (see eemage summary )
A **faimily o leids** is a group o leids that's sib bi strynd frae a common forebeir. The aulder leid is cryed the *proto-leid* o the faimily.
# Turkis leid

| Turkis |
| --- |
| *Türk dili* (noon) *Türkçe* (noon, adverb) |
| Pronunciation | [ˈtyɾctʃe] ( listen) |
| Native tae | Turkey (offeecial), Northren Cyprus (offeecial), Cyprus (offeecial), Azerbaijan, Iraq, Sirie, Lebanon, Israel, Greece, Bulgarie, Romanie, Kosovo, North Macedonie, Bosnie an Herzegovinae |
| Region | Anatolie, Balkans, Cyprus, Mesopotamie, Levant, Transcaucasie |
| Ethnicity | Turkis fowk |
| Native speakers | 75.7 million (2002–2018) 88 million (L1 + L2) |
| Leid faimily | Turkic
* Common Turkic
	+ Oghuz
		- Wastren Oghuz
			* **Turkis**
 |
| Early forms | Auld Anatolian Turkis
* Ottoman Turkis
 |
| Staundart forms | TRT Turkis

 |
| Dialects | * Karamanli Turkis
* Cypriot Turkis
 |
| Writin seestem | Laitin (Turkis alphabet) Turkis Braille |
| Offeecial status |
| Offeecial leid in |  Turkey  Northren Cyprus  Cyprus |
| Recognised minority leid in |  Bosnie an Herzegovinae  Greece  Iraq  Kosovo  North Macedonie  Romanie |
| Regulatit bi | * TDK (grammar, vocabulary, spellin)
* TRT (pronunciation, vocabular)
 |
| Leid codes |
| ISO 639-1 | `tr` |
| ISO 639-2 | `tur` |
| ISO 639-3 | `tur` |
| Glottolog | `nucl1301` |
| Linguasphere | `pairt o 44-AAB-a` |
|   Kintras whaur Turkis is an offeecial leid
  Kintras whaur it is recognised as a minority leid
 |
|

**Turkis** is a leid that is spak in Turkey, Cyprus, Bulgarie, Greece, an ither kintras that wis pairt o the umwhile Ottoman Empire. Mony fowk haes quat thae pairts in recent years for tae bide ithergates. Forby thon thare's several million speakers o Turkis in ither pairts o Europe an a puckle in Australie an North Americae.

Turkis is a member o the Altaic faimily o leids. It is ane o the few human leids wi a featur cried *vouel hermony* that guides whaur the vouel soonds will be athin a wird. Vouels that's unalike canna be ower naur thegither. Ither lieds that haes thon is Mongolian an Manchu that's baith Altaic leids forby.

Turkis wirds for ordinar maks a phrase in sic a wey: Subject Object Verb (SOV). Gin a body wis tae mak an SOV Scots phrase, it wad gang siclike: "The dug the hen ett."

Turkis uised tae be scrieved wi the Arabic alphabet frae aboot 900 AD tae 1928. In the Ottoman Empire, Turkis leid haed a fouthie leeteratur, an mony beuks war scrieved in it. Houaniver, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk chynged it tae the Latin alphabet acause he wantit his kintra tae be integrated wi waster kintras tae tak advantage o technological betterments o thaim. European kintras war developit gey fest efter the Renaissance an thay left the Ottoman Empire ahint. As a eftercome, maist Turks nou canna screed aff text scrieve afore the chynge. (*Türkçe*)

This leid is maist nearly relatit tae ither Turkic leids, includin Uzbek, Turkmen, an Kazakh. Thare is anither theory that Turkis is pairt o a muckler Altaic leid faimily, whit includes Japanese, Mongolie, an Korean an aw.
# Great pouer

A **great pouer** is a sovereign state that is recognised as havin the ability tae exert its influence on a global scale. Great pouers characteristically possess militar an economic strenth, as well as diplomatic an saft power influence, which may cause middle or smaw pouers tae consider the great pouers' opinions afore takin actions o thair ain.

In Warld War I; the Great Powers are usually classified as Germany, Breetish Empire, France, Russia and the USA.
# Brunei

| Naition o Brunei, the Abode o Peace **Negara Brunei Darussalam** (Rumi) نڬارا بروني دارالسلام‎ (Jawi) |
| --- |
|
Banner

 Crest

 |
| **Motto: الدائمون المحسنون بالهدى
* **Sentiasa membuat kebajikan dengan petunjuk Allah "Alweys in service wi God's guidance"
 |
| **Anthem:Allah Peliharakan Sultan*
* *God Bless the Sultan*

 |
| Location o  Brunei  (green)in ASEAN  (dark grey)  —  [Legend] |
| Caipital and largest city | Bandar Seri Begawan ﻿ / ﻿ |
| Offeecial leids | Malay |
| Recognised | Inglis |
| Ither leids
 an local dialects | * Brunei Malay
* Jawi Malay
* Tutong dialect
* Kedayan dialect
* Belait dialect
* Chinese (Hokkien, Hakka, Mandarin and Cantonese)
* Indigenous languages
* Murut
* Dusun
* Brunei Bisaya
 |
| Offeecial scripts | * Malay alphabet
* Jawi alphabet
 |
|  |
| Ethnic groups (2016) | * 65.7% Malays
* 10.3% Cheenese
* 24% others
 |
| Releegion  | Sunni Islam |
| Demonym(s) | Bruneian |
| Govrenment | Unitar Islamic absolute monarchy |
|  |
| • Sultan an Yang di-Pertuan  | Hassanal Bolkiah |
| • Croun Prince  | Al-Muhtadee Billah |
| • State Mufti  | Abdul Aziz Juned |
|  |
| Legislatur | Legislative Cooncil |
| Formation |
| Aurie |
| • Total | 5,765 km2 (2,226 sq mi) (164t) |
| • Water (%) | 8.6 |
| Population |
| • Jul 2015 estimate | 417,200 (175t) |
| • Density | 72.11/km2 (186.8/sq mi) (134t) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2018 estimate |
| • Total | $33.376 billion (116th) |
| • Per capita | $77,699 (5t) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2018 estimate |
| • Tot | $13.002 billion (111t) |
| • Per capita | $27,601 (25t) |
| HDI (2014) |  0.856 verra heich · 31st |
| Currency | Brunei dollar (BND) |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (Brunei Darussalam Time) |
| Drivin side | left |
| Cawin code | +673 |
| ISO 3166 code | BN |
| Internet TLD | .bn |
| 1. **^** Unner Airticle 82: "Official language" o the Constitution o Brunei, Malay is the offeecial leid.
2. **^** Unner Airticle 82: "Official language" o the Constitution o Brunei, English is uised in offeecial documents (offeecial documents are bilingual; Malay an Inglis).
3. **^** An aa 080 frae East Malaysie.
 |

**Brunei** (pronounced /bruːˈnaɪ/*(deprecatit template)* in Inglis), offeecially the **State o Brunei Darussalam** or the **Naition o Brunei, the Abode o Peace** (Malay: *Negara Brunei Darussalam*, Jawi: بروني دارالسلام), is a sovereign state locatit on the north coast o the island o Borneo, in Sootheast Asie. Apairt frae its coastline wi the Sooth Cheenae Sea, it is completely surroondit bi the state o Sarawak, Malaysie, an in fact it is separatitt intae twa pairts bi Limbang, which is pairt o Sarawak. It is the ae sovereign state completely on the island o Borneo, wi the remainder o the island belangin tae Malaysie an Indonesie.
# Kinrick o the Twa Sicilies

| Kinrick o the Twa Sicilies **Regno delle Due Sicilie** (it) **Regno d''e Ddoje Sicilie** (nap) **Regnu dî Dui Sicili** (scn) |
| --- |
| 1816–1861 |
|
Flag o the Twa Sicilies

Coat o airms

 |
| **Anthem:Inno al Re* *(Hymn tae the Keeng)* |
| The Kinrick o the Twa Sicilies (green). |
| Caipital | Naples |
| Common leids | Italian |
| Releegion  | Roman Catholic |
| Govrenment | Absolute monarchy |
| Keeng |   |
|  |
| • 1816–1825  | Ferdinand I |
| • 1825–1830  | Francis I |
| • 1830–1859  | Ferdinand II |
| • 1859–1861  | Francis II |
|  |
| History |   |
|  |
| • Established  | 12 December 1816 |
| • Italian unification  | 12 Februar 1861 |
|  |
| Aurie |
| 1860 | 111,900 km2 (43,200 sq mi) |
| Population |
|  |
| • 1860  | 8703000 |
|  |
| Currency | Twa Sicilies ducat |
|

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
| **Precedit bi** | **Succeedit bi** |
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|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  | Kinrick o Sicily |
|  | Kinrick o Naples |

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| --- | --- |
| Kinrick o Italy (1861–1946) |  |

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The **Kinrick o the Twa Sicilies** (Italian: *Regno delle Due Sicilie*) wis the lairgest o the Italian states afore the Italian unification. It wis furmed as a union o the Kinrick o Sicily an the Kinrick o Naples, which collectively haed lang been cried the "Twa Sicilies" (*Utriusque Siciliae*). The Kinrick o the Twa Sicilies lastit frae 1816 till 1860, when it wis annexed bi the Kinrick o Sardinie, which eventually acame the Kinrick o Italy in 1861.