Rikunarita-ORG/Wikinium huggingface dataset:
# Extinct leid

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|  | This article **is scrieved in Ulster Scots**, that haes its ain spellin conventions an some terms uised in it are sindry or absent frae ither varieties o Scots. |

An **extinct leid** is a leid at disne hae ony spikkers. Extinct leids micht be contrastit wi deid leids, at arene spak bi onybody *as thair main leids*.

## Leid loss

For ordinar, the transeetion frae a deid te an extinct leid occurs whaun a leid drees leid daith while bein directly replaced bi a different ain. For an ensaumple, Native American leids wir replace't bi Inglis, French, Portuguese, or Spaingie as an ootcome o colonisation. The Coptic leid, replace't bi Arabic in its native Egyp, wis aince thoucht te be extinct.

Leid extinction micht occur whaun a leid becomes a new leid or group o leids. An ensaumple o this is Auld Inglis, a forerunner o Modren Inglis.

Bi contrast te an extinct leid at disne hae ony spikkers at aw, a deid leid micht remeen in uise fur scienteefic, legal, or ecclesiastical purposes. Auld Church Slavonic, Avestan, Coptic, Biblical Hebrew, Ge'ez, Latin, an Sanskrit are amang the mony deid leids uised as sacred leids.

Alternatively, a leid is sayed te be extinct gif, tho it is kent for haein bin spak bi fowk in the past, modren scholarship canne reconstruct it te the pynt at it's possible te scrieve in it or owerset inte it wi confidence (say, a semple dialogue or a short tale scrieved in a modren leid); whaurby a leid is referred te as deid, bit nae extinct, gif fowk ken eneuch o it at present te allou sic routine uise, tho it disne hae ony modren speakers. Bi thon definitions Proto-Indo-European (ainly conjectural reconstructions o lexicon an grammar exist) is an extinct leid, an Clessical Laitin an Auld Tupi are deid, bit nae extinct leids.

A leid at hes livin native spikkers is cawed a modren leid. Ethnologue reports 6,912 livin leids spak commonly bi fowk.

Hebrew is an ensaumple o a naur extinct spak leid (bi the first definition 'boon) that becam a lingua franca an a liturgical leid at's bin revived te acome a livin spak leid. Thare are mony ither attempts at leid revival. For ensaumple, young schuil bairns uise Sanskrit in revived leid in Mathoor veelage (Indie). By ordinar, the success o maist o thon attempts hes been subject te debate, as it isne clear thay will ever acome the maist spak leid o a commonty o spikkers.

It's thoucht at 90% o the aboot 7,000 leids currently spak in the warld will acome extinct bi 2050, as the warld's leid seestem hes reached a crisis an is dramatically restructurin.
# Pairts o speech

In grammar, a **pairt o speech** (a **wird cless**, a **lexical cless**, or a **lexical category** an aw) is a lingueestic category o wirds (or mair precise *lexical eetems*) that is for ordinae defined bi the syntactic or morphological behaviour o the lexical eetem in question. Common linguistic categories includes *noon* an *verb*, amang ithers. Thare's appen wird clesses that aye acquires new members, an closed wird clesses that acquires new members infrequent if at aw.

Awmaist aw leeds haes the lexical categories noon an verb, but ayont thir thare's signeeficant variations in different leeds. For example, Japanese haes as mony as three clesses o adjectives whaur Ingles haes ane; Cheenese, Korean an Japanese haes nominal clessifeers whauras European leeds daesna; mony leids daesna hae a disteenction atween adjectives an adverbs, adjectives an verbs (see stative verbs) or adjectives an noons, etc. This variation in the nummer o categories an thair identifeein properties entails that analysis be duin for ilk indiveedual leed. Naetheless the labels for ilk category is assigned on the basis o universal criteria.

Scots pairts o speech:

* noun (or noon)
* adjective
* airticle
* pronoun (or pronoon)
* verb
* adverb
* interjection (or exclamation)
* conjunction
* preposition
# Achillea millefolium

| *Achillea millefolium* |
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| Stainch-gress on Janče hill, Slovenia |
| Scientific classification |
| Kinrick: | Plantae |
| (unranked): | Angiosperms |
| (unranked): | Eudicots |
| (unranked): | Asterids |
| Order: | Asterales |
| Faimily: | Asteraceae |
| Genus: | *Achillea* |
| Species: | A. millefolium |
| Binomial name |
| Achillea millefolium L. |
| Synonyms |
| Synonymy* *Achillea albida* Willd.
* *Achillea alpicola* (Rydb.) Rydb.
* *Achillea ambigua* Boiss.
* *Achillea ambigua* Pollini
* *Achillea anethifolia* Fisch. ex Herder
* *Achillea angustissima* Rydb.
* *Achillea arenicola* A.Heller
* *Achillea bicolor* Wender.
* *Achillea borealis* Bong.
* *Achillea californica* Pollard
* *Achillea ceretanica* Sennen
* *Achillea compacta* Lam.
* *Achillea coronopifolia* Willd.
* *Achillea crassifolia* Colla
* *Achillea cristata* Hort. ex DC.
* *Achillea dentifera* Rchb.
* *Achillea eradiata* Piper
* *Achillea fusca* Rydb.
* *Achillea gigantea* Pollard
* *Achillea gracilis* Raf.
* *Achillea haenkeana* Tausch
* *Achillea intermedia* Schleich.
* *Achillea lanata* Lam.
* *Achillea lanulosa* Nutt.
* *Achillea laxiflora* A.Nelson
* *Achillea laxiflora* Pollard & Cockerell
* *Achillea magna* All.
* *Achillea magna* L.
* *Achillea magna* Haenke
* *Achillea marginata* Turcz. ex Ledeb.
* *Achillea nabelekii* Heimerl
* *Achillea occidentalis* (DC.) Raf. ex Rydb.
* *Achillea ochroleuca* Eichw.
* *Achillea ossica* K.Koch
* *Achillea pacifica* Rydb.
* *Achillea palmeri* Rydb.
* *Achillea pecten-veneris* Pollard
* *Achillea pratensis* Saukel & R.Länger
* *Achillea pseudo-tanacetifolia* Wierzb. ex Rchb.
* *Achillea puberula* Rydb.
*
* *Achillea pumila* Schur
* *Achillea rosea* Desf.
* *Achillea setacea* Schwein.
* *Achillea sordida* (W.D.J.Koch) Dalla Torre & Sarnth.
* *Achillea subalpina* Greene
* *Achillea submillefolium* Klokov & Krytzka
* *Achillea sylvatica* Becker
* *Achillea tanacetifolia* Mill.
* *Achillea tenuifolia* Salisb.
* *Achillea tenuis* Schur
* *Achillea tomentosa* Pursh 1813 not L. 1753
* *Achillea virgata* Hort. ex DC.
* *Achillios millefoliatus* St.-Lag.
* *Alitubus millefolium* (L.) Dulac
* *Alitubus tomentosus* Dulac
* *Chamaemelum millefolium* (L.) E.H.L.Krause
* *Chamaemelum tanacetifolium* (All.) E.H.L.Krause
* *Chamaemelum tomentosum* (L.) E.H.L.Krause
* plus mony mair names for subspecies, forms, an varieties
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Achillea millefolium, commonly kent as **stainch-gress**, **dug-finkle** or **thoosand-leaft claver**, is a flouerin plant in the faimily Asteraceae. It is native tae temperate regions o the Northren Hemisphere in Asie, Europe, an North Americae.