Rikunarita-ORG/Wikinium huggingface dataset:
# Tundra

| Tundra |
| --- |
| Tundra in Greenland |
| Cairt o arctic tundra shawn in orange |
| Geografie |
| Aurie | 11,563,300 km2 (4,464,600 sq mi) |
| Climate teep | ET |

In pheesical geografie, a **tundra** is a biome where the tree growth is hindered by law temperatures an short growing sessions. The term *tundra* comes through Roushie тундра frae the Kildin Sami wird *tūndâr* "uplands", "treeless muntain tract". There are three types o tundra: **arctic tundra**, **alpine tundra**, an **antarctic tundra**. In a tundra, the vegetation is componed of dwarf shrubs, sedges an grasses, mosses, an lichens. Scattered trees grow in some tundras. The ecotone (or ecological boondary region) atween the tundra an the forest is kent as the tree line or timberline.
# Cunyie species

bee, cunyie species
The term **Cunyie species** means a species o ainimal or ither livin thing that is mair important nor whit a body wad dout gien thar no ower mony o thaim. The concep is ower important in the reconsideration o roles in ecosystems. The concep wis cleckit bi Robert Paine.
# Great Plains

|  |
| --- |
| Great Plains |
| The Great Plains States |
| Region |
| View o the Great Plains near Lincoln, Nebraska |
| Kintra |  Unitit States  Canadae |
|  |
| Coordinates | ﻿ / ﻿ |
|  |
| Lenth | 3,200 km (1,988 mi) |
| Width | 800 km (497 mi) |
| Area | 1,300,000 km2 (501,933 sq mi) |
|  |
| Approximate extent o the Great Plains |

The **Great Plains** (whiles semply "the Plains") is the braid expanse o flat laund (a plain), muckler o it kivert in prairie, steppe, an gressland, that lies wast o the Mississippi River tawgress prairie in the Unitit States and east o the Rocky Muntains in the U.S. an Canadae. It embraces:

* The entirety o the U.S. states o Kansas, Nebraska, North Dakota, an Sooth Dakota
* Pairts o the states o Colorado, Iowa, Minnesota, Montana, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas, an Wyoming
* The soothern portions o the Canadian provinces o Alberta, Manitoba, an Saskatchewan
# American bison

| American bison Temporal range: 0.01–0 Ma
PreЄ
Є
O
S
D
C
P
T
J
K
Pg
N
↓
Early Holocene – present |
| --- |
|  |
| Plains bison (*Bison bison bison*) Alternative image Historic drawing Bison call audio |
| Conservation status |
|  Near Threatened  (IUCN 3.1) |
| Scientific classification  |
| Kinrick: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Cless: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Artiodactyla |
| Faimily: | Bovidae |
| Subfaimily: | Bovinae |
| Tribe: | Bovini |
| Genus: | *Bison* |
| Species: | B. bison |
| Binomial name |
| Bison bison (Linnaeus, 1758) |
| Subspecies |
| *B. b. athabascae*
*B. b. bison* |
|  |
| Synonyms |
| *Bos americanus* *Bos bison* *Bison americanus* *Bison bison montanae* |

American bison
The **American bison** (*Bison bison*), commonly kent as the **American buffalo** or simply **buffalo** an aw, is a North American species o bison that ance roamit the grasslands o North America in massive herds. Thay became nearly extinct bi a combination o commercial huntin an slauchter in the 19t century an introduction o bovine diseases frae domestic cattle, an hae made a recent resurgence lairgely restrictit tae a few naitional pairks an reserves. Thair historical range roughly comprisit a triangle atween the Great Bear Lake in Canadae's far northwast, sooth tae the Mexican states of Durango an Nuevo León, an east tae the Atlantic Seaboard o the Unitit States (nearly tae the Atlantic tidewatter in some auries) frae New York tae Georgie an per some soorces doun tae Florida. Bison wur seen in North Carolina near Buffalo Ford on the Catawba River as late as 1750.

## Freemit airtins

* "Bison bison". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 18 Mairch 2006.
* American Bison Archived 2017-06-21 at the Wayback Machine
# Commensalism

A titan triggerfish (*Balistoides viridescens*)
In ecology, **commensalism** is a class o relationships atween twa organisms whaur ane organism benefits frae the ither wioot affectin it. This is in contrast wi mutualism, in whilk baith organisms benefit frae ilk ither, amensalism, whaur ane is hairmed while the ither is wanaffeckit, an parasitism, whaur ane benefits while the ither is hairmed.
# Chinchilla

| Chinchilla Temporal range: Late Oligocene - Recent |
| --- |
|  |
| Scientific classification |
| Kinrick: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Cless: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Rodentia |
| Faimily: | **Chinchillidae** Bennett, 1833 |
| Genus: | Chinchilla Bennett, 1829 |
| Species |
| *Chinchilla lanigera*
*Chinchilla brevicaudata* |

The **Chinchilla** is a smaw rodent that bides in the Andes in Sooth Americae. They ar active durin dusk an dawn. Such an activity pattern is cried crepuscular. Thegither wi the Viscacha, they form the **Chinchillidae** faimily.
# Cricetidae

| Cricetids Temporal range: Middle Miocene–Recent
PreЄ
Є
O
S
D
C
P
T
J
K
Pg
N |
| --- |
|  |
| Meadow vole, *Microtus pennsylvanicus* |
| Scientific classification  |
| Kinrick: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Cless: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Rodentia |
| Superfaimily: | Muroidea |
| Faimily: | **Cricetidae** J. Fischer, 1817 |
| Subfaimilies |
|
Arvicolinae
Cricetinae
Neotominae
Sigmodontinae
Tylomyinae
and see below |

The **Cricetidae** are a faimily o rodents in the muckle an complex superfaimily Muroidea.
# Moose

| Moose Temporal range: Late Miocene–Recent |
| --- |
|  |
| Hoose moose (*Mus musculus*). |
| Scientific classification  |
| Kinrick: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Cless: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Rodentia |
| Faimily: | Muridae |
| Subfaimily: | Murinae |
| Genus: | Mus Linnaeus, 1758 |
| Species |
|
30 kent species |

A **moose** (plural *mice*) is a rodent, that is a kynd o mammal. Mice is juist wee ainimals an is aften uised in science experiments. Whiles mice is hauden as pets. Some fowk thinks mice is juist clartie beasties that cairies diseases. Ither fowk thinks mice is juist sakeless ainimals (see Rabbie Burns' Tae a Moose Forby). Acause mice is rodents, they are sib tae ferrets, rattans, an beavers.

* The **hairst-moose** (*Micromys minutus*),
* The **hill-moose** (*Apodemus fridariensis*) in Shetland
* The **hoose-moose** (*Mus musculus*), St. Kilda hoose-moose (*Mus musculus muralis*)
* The **laund-moose** (*Microtus agrestis*) is richtly a vole.
* The **yird-moose** (*Apodemus sylvaticus*), St. Kilda yird-moose (*Apodemus sylvaticus hirtensis*)
* The **vole-moose** or **cuttock** (*Microtus arvalis orcadensis*) o Orkney is richtly a vole.
* The **thraw-moose**, **strae-moose**, **shear-moose** or **roan-moose** is richtly the wicht the yird shrew (*Sorex araneus*).
# Ratton

| Rattons |
| --- |
|  |
| The common grund ratton (*Rattus norvegicus*) |
| Scientific classification |
| Kinrick: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Cless: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Rodentia |
| Superfaimily: | Muroidea |
| Faimily: | Muridae |
| Subfaimily: | Murinae |
| Genus: | Rattus Fischer de Waldheim, 1803 |
| Species |
|
64 species |
| Synonyms |
| Stenomys Thomas, 1910 |

A **ratton** (plural *Rattons*) is a rodent, that is a kynd o mammal. Rattons is juist wee ainimals an is aften uised in science experiments, like Mice. Rattons is hauden as pets.

* The **grund-ratton** (*Rattus norvegicus*)
* The **ruif ratton** (*Rattus rattus*)
# Lundy

Map o Lundy
**Lundy** is a smaa island in the Bristol Channel, aboot 12 mile frae the nortren shore o Devon. It is aboot 3.5 mile long an ½ mile wide. Aboot 30 fawk live on the island, an 17,000–20,000 tourists visit it in one year.

In the 13t centurie the pirate William de Marisco used Lundy as a base o operations. Frae 1836 tae 1917, Lundy wis owned bi the Heaven faimily. It wis also kent as the *Kingdom of Heaven* ("Kinrick o Heaven") at that time.
# Puffinus puffinus

| *Puffinus puffinus* |
| --- |
|  |
| On Skomer  |
| Duration: 1 minute and 20 seconds.1:20 |
| Recordin frae Skomer Island, Wales |
| Conservation status |
|  Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1) |
| Scientific classification  |
| Kinrick: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Cless: | Aves |
| Order: | Procellariiformes |
| Faimily: | Procellariidae |
| Genus: | *Puffinus* |
| Species: | P. puffinus |
| Binomial name |
| Puffinus puffinus (Brünnich, 1764) |
|  |
|   Breedin colonies   Non-breedin veesitor(ranges are approximate) |
| Synonyms |
| *Procellaria puffinus* Brünnich, 1764 |

Puffinus puffinus (**choukie**, **lyre**, **scrabe**) is a medium-sized shearwatter in the seabird faimily Procellariidae.
# Aselag

| Aselag |
| --- |
|  |
| Conservation status |
|  Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1) |
| Scientific classification  |
| Kinrick: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Cless: | Aves |
| Order: | Procellariiformes |
| Faimily: | Hydrobatidae |
| Genus: | *Hydrobates* F. Boie, 1822 |
| Species: | H. pelagicus |
| Binomial name |
| Hydrobates pelagicus (Linnaeus, 1758) |
| Subspecies |
| *H. p. pelagicus* (Linnaeus, 1758)
*H. p. melitensis* (Schembri, 1843) |
|  |
| European an Mediterranean range of *H. pelagicus* (Full range extends intae the Sooth Atlantic Ocean)       Kent or probable breedin colonies      At-sea range in northren hemisphere simmer  |
| Synonyms |
| *Procellaria pelagica* Linnaeus, 1758 |

The **aselag** or **alamootie** (*Hydrobates pelagicus*) is a seabird in the faimily Hydrobatidae.
# Navajo

Navajo
Diné
Naabeehó| Tot population |
| --- |
| (300,460 (2015)) |
| Regions wi signeeficant populations |
|  Unitit States ( Navajo Naition,  Arizona,  New Mexico,  Utah) |
| Leids |
| Navajo, Navajo Sign Leid, Inglis |
| Releegion |
| Navajo Tradeetional, Christianity (mainly Catholicism an Mormonism), Hamespun American Kirk |
| Relatit ethnic groups |
| Apachean (Southern Athabascan) fowks, (Northren Athabascan) fowks  |

The **Navajo** (Navajo: *Diné* or *Naabeehó*) are a Hamespun American fowk o the Soothwastren Unitit States. Thay are the seicont lairgest federally recognised tribe in the Unitit States wi 300,460 enrolled tribal members as o 2015.
# Cusco

| Cusco |
| --- |
| Cusco / Cuzco (Spanish) Qosqo (Quechua) |
| Top: Plaza de Armas, Middle left: Qurikancha, Middle richt: Aerial view o Cusco, Bottom left: Saksaywaman, Bottom richt: Cathedral o Cusco |
| Banner |
| Eik-name(s): La Ciudad Imperial (The Imperial Ceety) |
| Destricts o Cuzco |
| CuscoLocation athin Peru |
| Coordinates: ﻿ / ﻿ |
| Kintra |  Peru |
| Region | Cusco |
| Province | Cusco |
| Foondit | 1100 |
| Govrenment |
|  • Teep | Ceety |
|  • Mayor | Luis Florez |
| Area |
|  • Total | 70,015 km2 (27,033 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 3399 m (11,152 ft) |
| Population2007 |
|  • Total | 358,935 |
|  • Density | 5.1/km2 (13/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC-5 (PET) |
|  • Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (PET) |
| Area code(s) | 84 |
| Website | www.municusco.gob.pe |
|  |
|
UNESCO Warld Heritage Steid |
| Offeecial name | Ceety o Cuzco |
| Teep | Cultural |
| Criteria | iii, iv |
| Designatit | 1983 (7t session) |
| Reference no. | 273 |
| State Pairty |  Peru |
| Region | Laitin Americae an the Caribbean |
|  |
|  |

**Cusco** (pronounced /ˈkuːskoʊ/*(deprecatit template)* in Inglis, aften spelled **Cuzco**; in Quechua written **Qusqu** an pronoonced [ˈqo̝s.qo]) is a ceety in sootheastren Peru, near the Urubamba Valley o the Andes mountain range. It is the caipital o the Cusco Region as well as the Cusco Province. In 2007, the ceety haed a population o 358,935 which is triple the figure o 20 years ago. Locatit on the eastren end o the Knot o Cusco, its altitude is aroond 3,400 m (11,200 ft).

Cusco wis the site o the historic caipital o the Inca Empire an wis declared a Warld Heritage Site in 1983 bi UNESCO. It is a major tourist destination an receives amaist 1.5 million visitors a year. It is designatit as the Historical Caipital o Peru bi the Constitution o Peru.

## Internaitional relations

### Twin touns—Sister ceeties

Cusco is twinned wi:

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| * Bethlehem, Palestine
* La Paz, Bolivie
* Baguio, Philippines
* Samarkand, Uzbekistan
* Mexico Ceety, Mexico
* Kyoto, Japan
* Jersey Ceety, Unitit States
 | * Lima, Peru
* Chartres, Fraunce
* Kaesong, North Korea
* Athens, Greece
* Moscow, Roushie
* Istanbul, Turkey
* Havana, Cuba
 | * Copán, Honduras
* Xi'an, Cheenae
* Potosí, Bolivie
* Cuenca, Ecuador
* Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
* Madison, Unitit States
* Jerusalem, Israel
 |

### Pairtnerships

* Kraków in Poland
# Cell biology

**Cell biology** (umwhile **cytology**, frae the Greek *kytos*, "contain") is a branch o biology that studies cells – thair physiological properties, thair structur, the organelles thay contain, interactions wi thair environment, thair life cycle, diveesion, daith an cell function.