Rikunarita-ORG/Wikinium huggingface dataset:
# ᱜᱩᱨ

ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱯᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ
**ᱜᱩᱨ (ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱺ ᱜᱚᱡ, ᱚᱱᱛᱚ)** ᱫᱚ ᱡᱤᱣ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱪᱟ.ᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ, ᱠᱷᱟ.ᱨᱟᱯ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱥᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱠᱷᱟ.ᱛᱤᱨ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱫ ᱪᱟᱵᱟᱜ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱥᱮ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱚᱠᱨᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱵᱷᱟ.ᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱠᱟ ᱥᱚᱢᱚᱭ ᱪᱟᱞᱚᱣ ᱛᱟᱭᱱᱚᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱷᱚᱛᱚ ᱡᱤᱣ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱫ ᱪᱟᱵᱟ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱪᱮ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱥᱪᱤᱛ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ‌ (ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ Micro-organisms ᱪᱟ.ᱲ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ) ᱾ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱛᱟᱭᱱᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱭᱟ ᱤᱫᱤᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱩᱠᱷ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱦᱚᱲ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱷᱟ.ᱛᱤᱨ ᱵᱷᱟᱱᱰᱟᱱᱟᱠᱚ ᱾

## ᱥᱟ.ᱠᱷᱭᱟ.ᱛ
# ᱵᱟᱠᱩ

| ᱵᱟᱠᱩ
Bakı |
| --- |
| ᱵᱟᱠᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ |
|

|  |
| --- |
| Seal |

 |
| ᱵᱟᱠᱩ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱴᱟᱨᱮᱠᱴᱤᱵᱷ ᱢᱮᱯ |
| ᱠᱳᱣᱚᱨᱰᱤᱱᱮᱴᱥ: ﻿ / ﻿ |
| ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ | ᱟᱡᱟᱨᱵᱟᱭᱡᱟᱱ |
| ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ |
|  • ᱢᱮᱭᱚᱨ | ᱦᱟᱡᱤᱵᱟᱞᱟ ᱟᱵᱩᱴᱟᱞᱤᱵᱚᱵᱽ |
| ᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱥᱟᱹᱨ |
|  • ᱜᱩᱴ | 2130 ᱠᱤᱢᱤ২ (820 ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱢᱟᱭᱤᱞ) |
| ᱩᱥᱩᱞ | -28 ᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ (-92 ᱯᱷᱩᱴ) |
| ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ (᱒᱐᱑᱐) |
|  • ᱜᱩᱴ | ᱒,᱐᱖᱔,᱙᱐᱐ |
|  • ᱰᱮᱱᱥᱤᱴᱤ | 969.44/ᱠᱤᱢᱤ2 (2510.8/ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱢᱟᱹᱭᱤᱞ) |
| ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ | ᱭᱩ.ᱴᱤ.ᱥᱤ+᱔ (ᱮ.ᱡᱮᱰ.ᱴᱤ) |
|  • ᱥᱤᱛᱩᱝ (ᱰᱤ.ᱮᱥ.ᱴᱤ) | ᱭᱩ.ᱴᱤ.ᱥᱤ+᱕ (ᱮ.ᱡᱮᱰ.ᱮᱥ.ᱴᱤ) |
| ᱯᱚᱥᱴᱟᱞ ᱠᱳᱰ | AZ1000 |
| ᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱳᱰ | 12 |
| ᱣᱮᱵᱽᱥᱟᱭᱤᱴ | BakuCity.az |

ᱟᱡᱮᱨᱵᱟᱭᱡᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱠᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱬᱚ
**ᱵᱟᱠᱩ** (ᱟᱡᱟᱨᱵᱟᱭᱡᱟᱱᱤ : Bakı) ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱨᱵᱟᱭᱡᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱸᱰᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱨᱵᱟᱭᱡᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱥᱮᱦᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱵᱮᱥᱴᱚᱱ ᱯᱮᱱᱤᱥᱩᱞᱟ ᱠᱟᱥᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱹᱢᱩᱸᱫᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱟᱲᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱟᱥᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱹᱢᱩᱸᱫᱽ ᱡᱟᱯᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱤᱲᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱥᱩᱱᱩᱢ ᱠᱷᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱩᱱᱩᱢ ᱥᱟᱥᱟᱯᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱠᱩ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱡᱟ ᱦᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱭᱤᱯ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱥᱟ, ᱡᱚᱨᱡᱤᱭᱟ, ᱱᱚᱵᱚᱥᱟᱨᱭᱤᱡᱟᱠ (Novosaryczak) ᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱮᱸᱫᱮ ᱥᱟᱹᱢᱩᱸᱫᱽ ᱟᱲᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱮᱦᱨᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱰᱤᱴᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱹᱢᱩᱸᱫᱽ, ᱛᱩᱨᱠᱤ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱩᱱᱩᱢ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱠᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ, ᱢᱮᱬᱦᱮᱫ, ᱛᱩᱞᱟᱹᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱨᱛᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱜᱟᱹᱲ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾
ᱞᱚᱱᱞᱤ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱭᱤᱴ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱯᱷ ᱵᱟᱝᱢᱟ ᱧᱤᱫᱟᱹ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱴᱚᱯ ᱑᱐ ᱴᱷᱟᱣ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱤᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱭᱟ ᱾

## ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ

ᱵᱟᱠᱩ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱱᱪᱮᱨᱤ ᱥᱮᱦᱟᱨ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱐᱐ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱭᱩᱱᱮᱥᱠᱚ ᱤᱱᱪᱮᱨᱤ ᱥᱮᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱮᱨᱤᱴᱮᱡᱽ (heritage) ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱟᱨᱠᱤᱴᱮᱠᱪᱚᱨ, ᱟᱢᱮᱴᱷᱤ , ᱥᱟᱥᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟ, ᱟᱨᱚᱵᱤᱠ, ᱯᱚᱨᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ, ᱥᱤᱵᱷᱟᱱᱤ, ᱚᱴᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱤᱱᱪᱮᱨᱤ ᱥᱮᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱩ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱷᱤᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱒ ᱥᱟᱭᱟᱸᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱠᱟᱥᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱹᱢᱩᱸᱫᱽ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱢᱞᱚᱰᱚᱨᱱ ᱵᱤᱞᱰᱤᱝᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱚᱰᱚᱨᱱ ᱵᱟᱠᱩ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱤᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱠᱩ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱛᱷᱤᱭᱮᱴᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱣᱡᱤᱭᱚᱢ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱑᱙ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾

## ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱴᱭᱟᱹᱨ

ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱚᱨᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ *ᱵᱟᱰ-ᱠᱩᱵᱮ* (باد-کوبه Bād-kube) ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ "ᱦᱚᱭ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱲᱮᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ" ᱾ **ᱵᱟᱰ** ᱢᱮᱱᱫᱚ "ᱦᱚᱭ" ᱟᱨ **ᱠᱩᱵᱮ** ᱫᱚ "ᱠᱩᱵᱤᱰᱟᱱ" (کوبیدن kubidan) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ "ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱲᱮᱜ" ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ "ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱡᱩᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱟᱹᱠᱤᱡᱚᱜ" ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱝ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱮ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱛᱷᱟᱶ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱡᱩᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱟᱹᱠᱤᱡᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱵᱟᱝᱢᱟ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱲᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱥᱚᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ ᱦᱩᱰᱩᱨ ᱵᱚᱡᱚᱨ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱹᱲᱤ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ "ᱦᱚᱭ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ" ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱭᱱᱟᱭ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾

## ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ

## ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ

* UNESCO/ICOMOS (29 April 2003). "Joint UNESCO-ICOMOS Mission to the Walled City of Baku" (PDF). *UNESCO/ICOMOS*.
* Baku's profile at the Organization of World Heritage Cities website
* UNESCO World Heritage Site listing Walled City of Baku
* Photos of Baku Archived ᱒᱐᱑᱒-᱐᱗-᱓᱐ at the Wayback Machine.
* Trip To Azerbaijan
# ᱢᱮᱥᱤᱱ ᱞᱚᱨᱱᱤᱝ

ᱢᱮᱥᱤᱱ ᱞᱚᱨᱱᱤᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱩᱴᱚᱨ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱴᱟᱴᱤᱥᱴᱤᱠ (statistic) ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱩᱴᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱚᱪᱚᱭᱮ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱮᱢᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱨᱮᱟᱱᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
᱑᱙᱕᱙ ᱥᱟᱞᱮᱨᱮ ᱟᱨᱛᱷᱚᱨ ᱥᱟᱢᱩᱣᱮᱞ ᱢᱮᱥᱤᱱ ᱞᱚᱨᱱᱤᱝ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱥᱤᱱ ᱞᱚᱨᱱᱤᱝ ᱟᱞᱜᱚᱨᱤᱫᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱟᱭᱛᱟᱨᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱥᱤᱱ ᱞᱚᱨᱱᱤᱝ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱤᱢᱤᱱ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱤᱢᱮᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱯᱟᱢ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ, ᱚᱯᱴᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱠᱟᱨᱮᱠᱴᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱠᱚᱜᱽᱱᱤᱥᱚᱱ (ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ) ᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱢᱯᱩᱴᱚᱨ ᱵᱷᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱾

## ᱴᱚᱦᱚᱨ

### ᱢᱮᱥᱤᱱ ᱞᱚᱨᱱᱤᱝ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱠᱚ

ᱢᱮᱥᱤᱱ ᱞᱚᱨᱱᱤᱝ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱚᱴᱟᱢᱩᱴᱤ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

ᱥᱩᱯᱚᱨᱵᱷᱟᱭᱤᱡᱽᱰ ᱞᱚᱨᱱᱤᱝ ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱯᱩᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱠᱚ  ᱟᱫᱮᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱥᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱵᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱩᱴᱚᱨ ᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ, ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱷᱟᱛ ᱚᱨᱡᱚᱭ ᱮᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱵᱚᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱩᱯᱚᱨᱵᱷᱟᱭᱤᱡᱽᱰ ᱞᱚᱨᱱᱤᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

1. 1. ᱥᱮᱢᱤ-ᱥᱩᱯᱚᱨᱵᱷᱟᱭᱤᱡᱽᱰ ᱞᱚᱨᱱᱤᱝ: ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱩᱴᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢᱟᱭᱟ ᱾
	2. :ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱩᱴᱚᱨ ᱟᱡ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱤᱢᱤᱱ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱤᱱᱴᱚᱨᱱᱮᱴ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱢᱴᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣᱟᱭ ᱾
	3. : ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱩᱴᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱤᱢᱤᱱ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱱᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱠᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱟᱹᱰᱤᱜᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱭᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱩᱴᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱹᱡᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱞᱟ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱧᱟᱢᱟᱭ ᱾  ᱟᱡ ᱛᱮ ᱫᱟᱹᱲᱮᱫ ᱜᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱴᱮᱠᱱᱤᱠ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

1. ᱚᱱᱥᱩᱯᱚᱨᱵᱷᱟᱭᱤᱡᱽᱰ ᱞᱚᱨᱱᱤᱝ  : ᱵᱟᱝ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱱ ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱮᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱩᱴᱚᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱚᱱ ᱱᱮᱦᱚᱸᱨ ᱮᱭᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ  ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

### ᱢᱮᱥᱤᱱ ᱞᱚᱨᱱᱤᱝ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ

## ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ

## ᱡᱚᱥ

## ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ

*
*
*  Archived ᱒᱐᱒᱑-᱐᱘-᱒᱐ at the Wayback Machine.

## ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ
# ᱵᱳᱠᱢᱟᱞ

| ᱱᱚᱨᱣᱮᱡᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱵᱳᱠᱢᱟᱞ |
| --- |
| *bokmål* |
| ᱨᱟᱹᱲ | ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ:IPA-no |
| ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ | ᱱᱚᱨᱣᱮ |
| ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ  | ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜ (written only) |
| ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ | ᱤᱱᱫᱳ-ᱤᱣᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱ* ᱡᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱᱤᱠ
	+ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱡᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱᱤᱠ
		- ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱠᱮᱱᱰᱮᱱᱮᱵᱷᱤᱭᱟ
			* ᱰᱟᱱᱤᱥ
				+ **ᱱᱚᱨᱣᱮᱡᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱵᱳᱠᱢᱟᱞ**
 |
| ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ | ᱢᱟᱬᱮ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱱᱳᱨᱥᱮ
* Early Old Danish
	+ Late Old Danish
		- Dano-Norwegian
			* Riksmål
 |
| ᱥᱴᱟᱱᱰᱟᱨᱰ ᱯᱷᱚᱨᱢ | ᱵᱳᱠᱢᱟᱞ (ᱥᱟᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ)
Riksmål (ᱵᱤᱱᱟᱹ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ)

 |
| ᱚᱞ ᱛᱚᱦᱚᱨ | ᱞᱟᱛᱤᱱ (ᱱᱚᱨᱣᱮᱡᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ) |
| ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛ |
| ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱮᱛ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ | * ᱱᱚᱨᱣᱮ
* ᱱᱟᱨᱰᱤᱠ ᱠᱟᱭᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞ
 |
| ᱥᱟᱢᱵᱽᱲᱟᱣᱤᱭᱟᱹ | * Norwegian Language Council (ᱵᱳᱠᱢᱟᱞ)
* Norwegian Academy (Riksmål)
 |
| ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱳᱰ |
| ISO 639-1 | `nb` |
| ISO 639-2 | `nob` |
| ISO 639-3 | `nob` |
| ᱜᱽᱞᱳᱴᱳᱞᱳᱜᱽ | (insufficiently attested or not a distinct language) `norw1259` |
| ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ | `52-AAA-ba to -be and 52-AAA-cd to -cg` |
|

**ᱵᱳᱠᱢᱟᱞ** (bokmål; ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ "ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ") ᱫᱚ ᱱᱟᱭᱱᱳᱨᱠᱥ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱱᱚᱨᱣᱮᱡᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱠ ᱚᱞ ᱨᱩᱯ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱨᱣᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱘᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱙᱐ ᱥᱟᱭᱠᱟᱨᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱱᱚᱨᱣᱮᱡᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱠ ᱚᱞ ᱨᱩᱯ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱠᱢᱟᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱩᱥᱤᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ, ᱪᱮᱫᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱤᱴᱟᱞᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ, ᱱᱚᱨᱣᱮᱡᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱵᱳᱠᱢᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱠ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱞᱟ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

## ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ

## ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ
# ᱥᱨᱟᱱᱟᱱ ᱴᱳᱝᱜᱳ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ

| ᱥᱨᱟᱱᱟᱱ ᱴᱳᱝᱜᱳ |
| --- |
| *Sranan Tongo* |
| ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ | ᱥᱩᱨᱤᱱᱟᱢ |
| ᱡᱟᱹᱛ | ᱥᱩᱨᱤᱱᱟᱢᱤ |
| ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ  | ᱑᱓᱐,᱐᱐᱐ (᱒᱙᱙᱓) L2 ᱨᱚᱲᱼᱦᱚᱲ: ᱥᱩᱨᱤᱱᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱕᱐% ᱦᱚᱲ (᱑᱙᱙᱓?) |
| ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ | ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱠᱨᱮᱭᱳᱞ
* ᱟᱴᱞᱟᱱᱴᱤᱠ
	+ ᱥᱩᱨᱤᱱᱟᱢ
		- **ᱥᱨᱟᱱᱟᱱ ᱴᱳᱝᱜᱳ**
 |
| ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱳᱰ |
| ISO 639-2 | `srn` |
| ISO 639-3 | `srn` |
| ᱜᱽᱞᱳᱴᱳᱞᱳᱜᱽ | `sran1240` |
| ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ | `52-ABB-aw` |

**ᱥᱨᱟᱱᱟᱱ ᱴᱳᱝᱜᱳ** (**ᱥᱨᱟᱱᱟᱱᱴᱳᱝᱜᱳ** "ᱥᱩᱨᱤᱱᱟᱢᱤ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ", **ᱥᱨᱟᱱᱟᱱ**, **ᱥᱩᱨᱤᱱᱟᱢᱤ**, **ᱥᱩᱨᱤᱱᱟᱢᱤᱥ**, **ᱥᱩᱨᱤᱢᱟᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱨᱮᱭᱳᱞ** ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱲᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ) ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱠᱨᱮᱭᱳᱞ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱩᱨᱤᱱᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱟᱢᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱕᱕᱐,᱐᱐᱐ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱩᱨᱤᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱤᱝᱜᱩᱣᱟ ᱯᱷᱨᱟᱝᱠᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

## ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ

## ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱜᱥᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱨᱛᱷᱚᱜᱽᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤ

## ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ

## ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ

## ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ

* ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱠᱨᱮᱭᱳᱞ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ

## ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ

* Iwan Desiré Menke: *Een grammatica van het Surinaams (Sranantongo)*, Munstergeleen : Menke, 1986, 1992 (Dutch book on grammar of Sranan Tongo)
* Jan Voorhoeve and Ursy M. Lichtveld: *Creole Drum. An Anthology of Creole Literature in Suriname*. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1975.
* C.F.A. Bruijning and J. Voorhoeve (editors): *Encyclopedie van Suriname*. Amsterdam: Uitgeverij Elsevier, 1977, pp. 573–574.
* Eithne B. Carlin and Jacques Arends (editors): *Atlas of the Languages of Suriname*. Leiden: KITLV Press, 2002.
* Michaël Ietswaart and Vinije Haabo: *Sranantongo. Surinaams voor reizigers en thuisblijvers*. Amsterdam: Mets & Schilt (several editions since 1999)
* J.C.M. Blanker and J. Dubbeldam: "Prisma Woordenboek Sranantongo". Utrecht: Uitgeverij Het Spectrum B.V., 2005, ISBN 90-274-1478-5, www.prismawoordenboeken.nl - A Sranantongo to Dutch and Dutch to Sranantongo dictionary.
* Henri J.M. Stephen: *Sranan odo : adyersitori - spreekwoorden en gezegden uit Suriname*. Amsterdam, Stephen, 2003, ISBN 90-800960-7-5 (collection of proverbs and expressions)
* Michiel van Kempen and Gerard Sonnemans: *Een geschiedenis van de Surinaamse literatuur*. Breda : De Geus, 2003, ISBN 90-445-0277-8 (Dutch history of Surinam literature)

## ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ

* Dictionaries
	+ SIL International “Sranan wortubuku, Sranan-Nederlands interaktief woordenboek” (Sranan-Dutch interactive dictionary)
	+ Sranan Tongo Swadesh list of basic vocabulary words (from Wiktionary's Swadesh list appendix)
	+ Webster's Sranan-English Online Dictionary
	+ SIL International “Sranan Tongo – English Dictionary” Archived ᱒᱐᱒᱐-᱑᱑-᱓᱐ at the Wayback Machine. (PDF format)
* Grammar
	+ Conjugate Sranantongo verbs (Verbix)
* Resources and more
	+ "Sranan Tongo Interactive Library": Sranan texts with a bilingual interactive dictionary
	+ How Transparent is Creole Morphology? A Study of Early Sranan Word Formation (30 p., Braun & Plag, 2002) (PDF format)
	+ Syntactic Developments in Sranan (408 p., Arends, 1989) (PDF format)
* Begin to learn
	+ Words of Life: Sranang Tongo talk (audio) (YouTube)
	+ “Mama Sranan” - *Mother Suriname*, a song in Sranantongo (with subtitled translation) by Steven Akkrum & Da Originals (YouTube)
* The New Testament in Sranan for iTunes

## ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ