# McDonalds

**Isosiyete ya McDonald** ni urwego runini ku isi rwa resitora yihuta .
*Inyungu, amakuru yibigo, nibindi*

Uruganda rwubucuruzi rwa McDonald rutandukanye gato nizindi minyururu myinshi yihuta. Nkibisabwa namasezerano yubufaransa, McDonald's ifite umutungo francises nyinshi ya McDonald iherereyemo. Isosiyete ikura amafaranga muri francises muburyo bwubukode bwuzuye, bufitanye isano nigice cyo kugurisha. Kutubahiriza ibikubiye mu masezerano ya franchise birashobora gutuma wirukanwa. Nkuko Harry J. Sonneborne, umwe mu bashinze McDonald yabivuze, "Turi mu bucuruzi bw’imitungo itimukanwa. Impamvu imwe gusa yo kugurisha [hamburgers] ni ukubera ko ari yo itanga umusaruro mwinshi aho abapangayi bacu bashobora kutwishyura ubukode." [1]

**Amateka**

Restaurant ya mbere ya MacDonald yashinzwe mu 1940 n'abavandimwe Dick na Mac McDonald i San Bernadino, muri Californiya . Restaurant ya McDonald yamenyekanye cyane nyuma ya 1948 , ubwo abavandimwe bashyiraga mu bikorwa udushya twabo "Speedee Service Sisitemu", kubaka umurongo wa hamburger no gukora wenyine.

Mu 1954, umucuruzi wa entrepeneur hamwe n’amata avanga amata Ray Krok yashimishijwe na resitora ya McDonald nyuma yo kubona ubushobozi bwabo budasanzwe. Amaze kubona resitora ikora, yegereye abavandimwe ba McDonald amusaba gufungura resitora nshya ya McDonald, we ubwe akaba ari francisee wa mbere. Krok yakoze cyane kugirango agurishe McDonald's. Yagerageje no gutsinda ku gihe yari aziranye na Walt Disney mu gihe cy'intambara, yizeye ko azafungura MacDonald muri Disneyland igiye gufungurwa . Amaherezo yafunguye resitora ye ya mbere muri Des Plaines, Illinois . Byagenze neza ako kanya.

Isosiyete nshya ya Krok yiswe "McDonald's Systems Inc.", yashinzwe ku ya 2 Werurwe 1955 . Mu 1960, isosiyete yiswe "McDonald's Corporation".

Kimwe mu byo Krok yamamaza ni icyemezo yafashe cyo gucuruza hamburg ya McDonald mu miryango, cyane cyane ku bana. Mu ntangiriro ya za 1960 , francisee ya Washington, DC McDonald witwa Oscar Goldstein yateye inkunga igitaramo cy’abana cyitwa *Bozo's Circus* , yakinnye na clown yakinnye na Willard Scott . Igihe igitaramo cyahagaritswe, Goldstein yahaye akazi Scott nka mascot nshya ya McDonald, " Ronald McDonald ". Ingeso yaje gukwirakwira mu bindi bihugu binyuze mu bukangurambaga bwo kwamamaza, nubwo hemejwe ko Scott yari afite uruhare runini ku ruhare.

Mu masezerano Krok yagiranye n'abavandimwe ba McDonald, yari ashinzwe ibikorwa byose byo kwaguka, mu gihe abavandimwe bakomeje kugenzura ibikorwa by’umusaruro n’umugabane w’inyungu. Kugeza mu 1961, Krok yababajwe cyane n'iyo gahunda. Nyuma y’imishyikirano, abavandimwe ba McDonald bakize neza bemeye kugurisha Krok uburenganzira bw’ubucuruzi ku bikorwa byabo ku madolari miliyoni 2.7, yatijwe n’abashoramari benshi (harimo na kaminuza ya Princeton). Amasezerano yemereye abavandimwe kugumana resitora yabo yumwimerere - yiswe "The Big M" - yagumye ifunguye kugeza igihe Krok ayirukanye mubucuruzi afungura McDonald hakurya y'umuhanda. Iyaba abavandimwe bakomeje amasezerano yabo yambere, akabaha 0,5% yumutungo winjiza buri mwaka, bari gukusanya hafi miliyoni 180 z'amadolari yumwaka. [1]

* Byanyeretse inshuro nyinshi ko Ray Kroc atigeze akora ubucuruzi bwo gukora hamburger, yari mu bucuruzi atangira kugurisha hamburger nyinshi zishoboka, kandi ko nyuma yaje mu bucuruzi bwo guhugura abandi gukoresha sisitemu imwe mugusubiza umugabane winyungu zabo. Aya makuru akwiye kuba mubyinjira kuri Ray?