# سټرونټيوم

Strontium,  38Sr|  |
| عمومي خواص |
| Pronunciation |  /ˈstrɒnʃəm,\_ʔʃiəm,\_ʔtiəm/  STRON**-sh(ee)-əm* or STRON**-tee-əm* |
| Appearance | silvery white metallic; with a pale yellow tint |
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| Strontium په دوراني جدول کې |
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 | Ca ↑ Sr ↓ Ba |
| rubidium ← strontium → yttrium | ‍ |

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| اټومي شمیره (*Z*) | 38 |
| گروپ, پیریود | group 2 (alkaline earth metals), period 5  |
| بلاک | s-block  |
| Element category |   alkaline earth metal |
| معياري اټومي وزن (*A*r) | کينډۍ:Val |
| Electron configuration | [Kr] 5s2  |
| Electrons per shell | 2, 8, 18, 8, 2 |
| فزیکي خواص |
| حالت (at STP) | جامد |
| دويلې کيدو ټکى | 1050 K ​(777 °C, ​1431 °F)  |
| يشنا ټکی | 1650 K ​(1377 °C, ​2511 °F)  |
| Density near r.t. | 2.64 g/cm3 |
| when liquid, at m.p. | 2.375 g/cm3  |
| Heat of fusion | 7.43 kJ/mol  |
| Heat of vaporization | 141 kJ/mol  |
| Molar heat capacity | 26.4 J/(mol·K)  |
| **Vapor pressure**

| *P* (Pa) | 1 | 10 | 100 | 1 k | 10 k | 100 k |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| at *T* (K) | 796 | 882 | 990 | 1139 | 1345 | 1646 |

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| اټومي خواص |
| Oxidation states | **2**, 1 ​(a strongly basic oxide) |
| Electronegativity | Pauling scale: 0.95  |
| Ionization energies | * 1st: 549.5 kJ/mol
* 2nd: 1064.2 kJ/mol
* 3rd: 4138 kJ/mol
*
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| Atomic radius | empirical: 215 pm  |
| Covalent radius | 195±10 pm  |
| Van der Waals radius | 249 pm  |
| Miscellanea |
| Crystal structure |  ​face-centered cubic (fcc)Face-centered cubic crystal structure for strontium |
| Thermal expansion | 22.5 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)  |
| د تودوخې تېرېدنه | 35.4 W/(m·K)  |
| Electrical resistivity | 132 nΩ·m (at 20 °C)  |
| Magnetic ordering | paramagnetic  |
| Magnetic susceptibility (*χ*mol) | −92.0·10−6 cm3/mol (298 K) |
| Young's modulus | 15.7 GPa  |
| Shear modulus | 6.03 GPa  |
| Poisson ratio | 0.28  |
| Mohs hardness | 1.5  |
| CAS Number | 7440-24-6  |
| History |
| Naming | after the mineral strontianite, itself named after Strontian, Scotland |
| Discovery | William Cruickshank (1787) |
| First isolation | Humphry Davy (1808) |
| Main isotopes of strontium |
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| آيسو­ټوپ | Abun­dance | نیم ژوند (*t*1/2) | Decay mode | Pro­duct |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 82Sr | syn | 25.36 d | ε | 82Rb
کينډۍ:Infobox element/isotopes decay3 |
| 84Sr | 0.56% | stable
کينډۍ:Infobox element/isotopes decay2 |
| 86Sr | 9.86% | stable |
| 87Sr | 7.00% | stable |
| 88Sr | 82.58% | stable
کينډۍ:Infobox element/isotopes decay2 |
| 90Sr | trace | 28.90 y | β− | 90Y |

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**سټرونټيوم** (په انگرېزي: *Strontium*) له کیمیاوي عناصرو څخه یو دی چې په تناوبي جدول کې د **Sr** سمبول او ۳۸ اتمي شمېرې په وسیله ښودل شوی دی.

## مشخصات

د انسان په بدن کې شاوخوا ٪99 سټرانټیم په هډوکو متمرکز دی.

## تاریخچه

سټرونټیم په 1790 کې د آیرلین کیمیا پوه اډیر کرافورډ لخوا کشف شوی پداسې حال کې چې د معدني ویدرائٹ (BaCO3) مطالعه کوي.
سټرونټیم لومړی د سر همفري ډیوی ، یو انګلیسي کیمیا پوه لخوا په 1808 کې د سټرانټیم کلورایډ (SrCl2) او مرکوریک آکسایډ (HgO) ترکیب له لارې جلا شوی و.

## مرکبات

سټرونټیم په عمده توګه په سیلیسایټ او سټرانټینایټ معدنیاتو کې موندل کیږي.د سټرونټیم ډیری مختلف ډولونه د درملو په توګه کارول کیږي.ساینس پوهان د سټرونټیم رینیلټ ازموینه کوي ترڅو وګوري چې ایا دا د خولې په واسطه اخیستل کیدی شي د هډوکو پتلو (اوستیوپروسیس) او د مفصلونو درملنې لپاره وکارول شی.

## د استعمال ځایونه

سټرونټیم د دې لپاره غوره پیژندل شوی دده مالکه د اور لوبی پاره کټه اخیستل کیژی دا د فیریټ مقناطیس تولید او زنک پاکولو کې هم کارول کیږي.

## سرچينې

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 دا ليکنه نابشپړه ده، تاسې ددې ليکنې په بشپړولو کې د ويکيپېډيا سره مرسته کولای شئ.

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