# فاسفورس

Phosphorus,  15P| waxy white (yellow cut), red (granules centre left, chunk centre right), and violet phosphorus |
| عمومي خواص |
| Pronunciation |  /ˈfɒsfərəs/  FOS**-fər-əs* |
| Appearance | Colourless, waxy white, yellow, scarlet, red, violet, black |
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| Abundance |
| in the Earth's crust | 5.2 (taking silicon as 100) |
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| Phosphorus په دوراني جدول کې |
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 | N ↑ P ↓ As |
| silicon ← phosphorus → sulfur | ‍ |

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| اټومي شمیره (*Z*) | 15 |
| گروپ, پیریود | group 15 (pnictogens), period 3  |
| بلاک | p-block  |
| Element category |   polyatomic nonmetal |
| معياري اټومي وزن (*A*r) | کينډۍ:Val |
| Electron configuration | [Ne] 3s2 3p3  |
| Electrons per shell | 2, 8, 5 |
| فزیکي خواص |
| حالت (at STP) | جامد |
| Density near r.t. | white: 1.823 g·cm−3 red: ≈ 2.2–2.34 g·cm−3 violet: 2.36 g·cm−3 black: 2.69 g/cm3 |
| Heat of fusion | white: 0.66 kJ/mol  |
| Heat of vaporisation | white: 51.9 kJ/mol  |
| Molar heat capacity | white: 23.824 J/(mol·K)  |
| **Vapour pressure** (white)

| *P* (Pa) | 1 | 10 | 100 | 1 k | 10 k | 100 k |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| at *T* (K) | 279 | 307 | 342 | 388 | 453 | 549 |

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| **Vapour pressure** (red, b.p. 431 °C)

| *P* (Pa) | 1 | 10 | 100 | 1 k | 10 k | 100 k |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| at *T* (K) | 455 | 489 | 529 | 576 | 635 | 704 |

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| اټومي خواص |
| Oxidation states | **5**, 4, **3**, 2, 1, −1, −2, **−3** ​(a mildly acidic oxide) |
| Electronegativity | Pauling scale: 2.19  |
| Ionisation energies | * 1st: 1011.8 kJ/mol
* 2nd: 1907 kJ/mol
* 3rd: 2914.1 kJ/mol
* (more)
 |
| Covalent radius | 107±3 pm  |
| Van der Waals radius | 180 pm  |
| Miscellanea |
| Crystal structure |  ​body-centred cubic (bcc)Bodycentredcubic crystal structure for phosphorus |
| د تودوخې تېرېدنه | white: 0.236 W/(m·K)  black: 12.1 W/(m·K)  |
| Magnetic ordering | white, red, violet, black: diamagnetic  |
| Magnetic susceptibility (*χ*mol) | −20.8·10−6 cm3/mol (293 K) |
| Bulk modulus | white: 5 GPa red: 11 GPa  |
| CAS Number | 7723-14-0 (red) 12185-10-3 (white) |
| History |
| Discovery | Hennig Brand (1669) |
| Recognised as an element by | Antoine Lavoisier (1777) |
| Main isotopes of phosphorus |
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| آيسو­ټوپ | Abun­dance | نیم ژوند (*t*1/2) | Decay mode | Pro­duct |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 31P | 100% | stable |
| 32P | trace | 14.28 d | β− | 32S |
| 33P | trace | 25.3 d | β− | 33S |

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**فاسفورس** (په انگرېزي: *Phosphorus*) له کیمیاوي عناصرو څخه یو دی چې په تناوبي جدول کې د **P** سمبول او ۱۵ اتمي شمېرې په وسیله ښودل شوی دی.

## مشخصات

هیلیم ډیری ځانګړي ملکیتونه لري: د جوش ټیټ ، ټیټ کثافت ، ټیټ محلولیت ، لوړ حرارتي چالکتیا او غیر فعالیت

## تاریخچه

فاسفورس د لومړي ځل لپاره په 1669 کې د آلمان په هامبورګ کې د هینیګ برانډ لخوا رامینځته شوی کله چې هغه تبخیر کړو ادرار او ګرم یې کړی پاتې شونې تر هغه وخته چې سور ګرم وي.. د فاسفورس بخارۍ راوتلې او هغه یې د اوبو لاندې قند کړېاو د 100 کلونو څخه ډیر وخت لپاره ډیری فاسفورس پدې ډول رامینځته شوی.

## مرکبات

د خورا سوداګریز پلوه مهم فاسفورس مرکباتو کې آکسایډونه او اسیدونه دي.

د استعمال ځایونه فاسفورس د خوندیتوب تیلی( ډبی) په جوړولو کې کارول کیږي

## سرچينې

<!doctype html><html itemscope="" itemtype=" lang="en"><head><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta content="origin" name="referrer"><meta content="Anb2GUnhMjfTIX0D2a4a6NPAqPI5GaxxRAiF81XTjHJ2qK4E3Hw3VFM4eaJBgRzz45CNPt624audv+wHOJwfAAEAAABieyJvcmlnaW4iOiJodHRwczovL2dvb2dsZS5jb206NDQzIiwiZmVhdHVyZSI6IlRydXN0VG9rZW5zIiwiZXhwaXJ5IjoxNjI2MjIwNzk5LCJpc1N1YmRvbWFpbiI6dHJ1ZX0=" http-equiv="origin-trial"><title>phosphorus history - Google Search</title><script nonce="MwP4Guv0nuXdtXIMHwnSpA==">(function(){window.google={kEI:'fSUoYe7tLfyv0PEPhOm3iAY',kEXPI:'31',u:'b81a95e8',kBL:'2n4T'};google.sn='web';google.kHL='en';})();(function(){

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 دا ليکنه نابشپړه ده، تاسې ددې ليکنې په بشپړولو کې د ويکيپېډيا سره مرسته کولای شئ.

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