Rikunarita-ORG/Wikinium huggingface dataset:
# Kaarian (biolohia)

Deng miyayaliwang lebel o balitang ning sientipikung sistema ning pamitinduk-tinduk (scientific system of classification).

---

Ing pamituki-tuki da reng walung pekamaulagang ranggung pang-taxonomia ning sistemang biolohikal. E la makabili deng mangalating ranggung atiu king pilatan da reti.
Ing taxonomiang pang-biolohia, ing metung a **kaarian** (**kingdom** king Ingles, **regnum** king Latin) metung yang ranggung pang-taxonomia a yang pekamatas a ranggu king malambat a panaun, o king bayung sistemang titlung sakup o three-domain system), ing ranggu king lalam ning sakup o domain. Mapipitna ya kareng mas mangalating grupung ausan dang phylum (o kareng mapilang kabilian, mayayaus lang *division* deti). King salukuyan, maki sistema lang bibilugan da reng anam a kaarian deng libru kareng eskuela king America, (deng Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista, Archaea, ampong Eubacteria), kabang lima no man deng kareng libru king Britania ampong Australia (Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista, ampong Prokaryota o Monera).

Adua la rang kaarian da reng mabibieng kikilalanan nang Carolus Linnaeus: Animalia para kareng animal, ampong Vegetabilia para kareng tanaman (binggitan no muring Linnaeus deng mineral, a binili na king katlung kaarian, ing Mineralia). Pinitna neng Linnaeus ing balang kingdom kareng pinduan (classes), a kaibat pitipun na kareng phylum karing animal, ampong division karing tanaman.

King lambatan, linto ing ulaga ning pamialiwa da reng prokaryote ampong eukaryote, at pepasikat de ri Stanier ampong van Niel ing munikala nang Edouard Chatton kanitang dekadang 1960 .

## Dalerayan

## Lon la murin deti

* Cladistics
* Systematics

## Suglung palual

* The five kingdom concept Archived Pebreru 19, 2008 at the Wayback Machine
* Whittaker's classification Archived Eneru 5, 2008 at the Wayback Machine

Deng miyayaliwang lebel o balitang ning sientipikung sistema ning pamitinduk-tinduk (scientific system of classification).

---

Ing pamituki-tuki da reng walung pekamaulagang ranggung pang-taxonomia ning sistemang biolohikal. E la makabili deng mangalating ranggung atiu king pilatan da reti.
# Pinduan (biolohia)

Deng miyayaliwang lebel o balitang ning sientipikung sistema ning pamitinduk-tinduk (scientific system of classification).

---

Ing pamituki-tuki da reng walung pekamaulagang ranggung pang-taxonomia ning sistemang biolohikal. E la makabili deng mangalating ranggung atiu king pilatan da reti.
Ing **pinduan** (**class** king Ingles) metung yang ranggung pang-taxonomia king klasipikasiun king biolohia da reng organismu, a mas matas king orden at mas mababa king phylum.

Alibawa, ing Mammalia ing pinduan nung nu la makabili deng asu. Chordata (animal a maki notochord) naman ing phylum da reti, at Carnivora (animal a mamangan karni) ne man ing kayang orden.

## Amlat ning konseptu

Antimong metung a makakawaning kategoria ning klasipikasiun king biolohia a maki sariling lagiu (at e mu kabud *mas matas a genus* *(genus summum)*, ing class o pinduan pepakilala neng Joseph Pitton de Tournefort, metung a botanistang Frances, ketang kayang klasipikasiun o pamitinduk-tinduk da reng tanaman (a linto ketang *Eléments de botanique* kanitang 1694). I Carolus Linnaeus ing minunag ginamit kaniti kareng eganaganang atlung kaarian ning Kalikasan (mineral, tanaman, ampong animal) ketang kayang *Systema Naturae* (1735, 1st. Ed.). Manibat kanita, mituring yang pekamatas a ranggu ning herarkiya (sistema ning ranggu da bageng mabibie) angang mipakilala la aniang kalabingsiam a siglu, nung kapilan la linto deng *embranchement* anti reng phyla, ampo ing division.

## Lon la murin deti

* Systematics
* Cladistics
* Phylogenetics
* Taxonomy

Template:Taxanomic ranks
# Mammal

| Mammalia |
| --- |
|   |
| Scientific classification |
|

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
| Kaarian: | Animalia  |
| Phylum: | Chordata  |
| Pinduan: | **Mammalia** Linnaeus, 1758 |

 |
| Subclass |
| * Prototheria
* Theria
	+ Marsupialia
	+ Eutheria
 |

Deng **mammal** (class Mammalia) metung lang taxon (grupu king klasipikasyun) da reng animal nung nu la kayabe reng eganaganang tetrapod (vertebrate a maki apat a bitis) a alang ebun buak a pusu. Keraklan, ating panaun a king gabun la manuknangan, oneng e la kumabyeng laganas king gabun anti kareng aliwang makabayung reptil. Manga lima lang libu pitung dalan deng mabyeng species da reng mammalian.
# Orden (biolohia)

Deng miyayaliwang lebel o balitang ning sientipikung sistema ning pamitinduk-tinduk (scientific system of classification).

---

Ing pamituki-tuki da reng walung pekamaulagang ranggung pang-taxonomia ning sistemang biolohikal. E la makabili deng mangalating ranggung atiu king pilatan da reti.
King klasipikasiun king biolohia, ing **orden** (ibat king Castila; ibat king katayang Latin a *ordo*) metung yang ranggu king taxonomia a atiu king pilatan ning pinduan ampo ning familia. Ing **superorder** atiu king pilatan ning *pinduan* ampo ning *orden*. Magdependi la king Nomenclature Code deng detalle ning pormal a pormal a pamagpalagiu (formal nomenclature). Magwakas la king -iformes deng lagiu da reng order, bukud kareng mammals, invertebrates, ampong amphibians.

## Amlat ning konseptu

Antimong metung a partikular a ranggu ning klasipikasiun king biolohia, a maki sariling lagiu (at e mu antimong *mas matas a genus* (*(genus summum)*, ing orden pepakilala ne ning botanistang Aleman a i August Bachmann king kayang klasipikasiun da reng tanaman. I Carl Linné ing mumunang ginamit kaniti king king pamipitna da reng atlung kaarian ning Kalikasan (mineral, tanaman ampong animal) ketang kayang *Systema Naturae* (1735, 1st. Ed.).

Kareng milimbag a maki kaugnayan king botania king Francia, manibat ketang *Familles naturelles des plantes* (1763) nang Michel Adanson' angga aniang wakas ning kalabing siam a siglu o dilanua \*29th century), gagamitan de ing *famille* antimong katumbas ning *ordo* king Latin. Deretsu deng pepalino ing pamitumbas da reti ketang *Lois de la nomenclature botanique* (1868) a sinulat nang Alphonse De Candolle, ing inalilan ning kasalungsungan a magagamit a *International Code of Botanical Nomenclature*.

Ketang mumunang internasional a *Rules* of w:botanical nomenclature of 1906 (patakaran ning pamagpalagiu da reng tanaman), ing katayang *familia* mirinan yang ranggung tutulduan ning katayang Frances a "famille", kabang ing katayang orden (*ordo*) makareserba ya king mas matas a ranggung maralas dang ausang *cohors* aniang kalabingsiam a dilanua (19th century).

King zoolohia, mas e mamaliwa ing pamangamit kareng orden king sistema nang Linnaeus. Ing burinang sabian niti, deng orden ketang dake nang pang-zoolohia ning *Systema Naturae* makaparikil la kareng natural a grupu. Magagamit la pa murin deng lagiu da reng orden a ginamit na, alimbawa ing Lepidoptera para kareng kambubulag ampong mariposa o talubang, o Diptera para king orden da reng lango, yamuk, ampong niknik (gnats).

## Lon la murin deti

* w:Cladistics
* w:Phylogenetics
* w:Rank (botany)
* w:Rank (zoology)
* w:Biological classification
* Systematics
* Taxonomia
* w:Virus classification

Deng miyayaliwang lebel o balitang ning sientipikung sistema ning pamitinduk-tinduk (scientific system of classification).

---

Ing pamituki-tuki da reng walung pekamaulagang ranggung pang-taxonomia ning sistemang biolohikal. E la makabili deng mangalating ranggung atiu king pilatan da reti.
# Genus

Deng miyayaliwang lebel o balitang ning sientipikung sistema ning pamitinduk-tinduk (scientific system of classification).

---

Ing pamituki-tuki da reng walung pekamaulagang ranggung pang-taxonomia ning sistemang biolohikal. Ing familia atin yang metung o maigit pang genus. E la makabili deng mangalating ranggung atiu king pilatan da reti.
Ing **genus** (ibat king Griegu: Γένος; Latin *genus* "lipi, pamilia, uri") metung yang mababang lebel o balitang a taxonomic rank (ranggu king pamitinduk-tinduk) a magagamit kareng organismung mabie ampong fossil.

Kalupa da reng halus eganaganang taxonomic unit o dake ning pamitinduk-tinduk, maliari lang pitnan deng genus kareng subgenus. Ing species ing pekamaragul a taxonomic unit king lalam ning genus.

Alang patugut a dibati nung makananu yang eksaktung masalan o dinan kabaldugan (*define*) ing genus.

## Lagiung generic

Ing lagiung generic o generic name dake ning lagiung siyentipiku o scientific name para king metung a organismu o mabibie. Iti metung yang lagiung sasalamin king klasipikasiun o pamitinduk-tinduk ning organismu kapamilatan ning pamigrupu-grupu da reng mikanlapit pamikakamaganak a organismu. Pane yang Latin ing lagiung generic (a nung wari king lagiu ning tau ya pin ing pilidu), at yang mumuna kareng aduang lagiu king lagiung siyentipiku (itang species ing kadua). Pane yang makasulat a maragul (capitalized) ing mumunang letra ning lagiung generic, kabang e re bitasang susulat a capital ing mumunang letra ning lagiu ning species. Alimbawa, *Canis lupis* ya ing lagiu nang siyentipiku ning lobu (wolf). Ing Canis, a mangabaldugang asu, ing generic name ning lobu, uling canine (kapamilia ning asu) ya ing lobu.

## Suglung palual

* generic name
* Nomenclator Zoologicus: Index of all genus and subgenus names in zoological nomenclature from 1758 to 2004.
# 1904

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
| **Dilanwa:**  | 19th dilanwa - **20th dilanwa** - 21st dilanwa |
| **Decada:** |  1870s  1880s  1890s  - 1900s -  1910s  1920s  1930s
 |
| **Banua:** | 1901 1902 1903 - **1904** - 1905 1906 1907 |

Year **1904** (**MCMIV**) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Thursday
of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar).

## Mengapalyari

## Kebaitan

## Kematyan

## Nobel prizes

* Physics - The Lord Rayleigh
* Chemistry - Sir William Ramsay
* Physiology or Medicine - Ivan Petrovich Pavlov
* Literature - Frédéric Mistral, José Echegaray Y Eizaguirre
* Peace - Institut De Droit International

## Suglung Palwal

Ing Wikimedia Commons atin yang mediang maki kaugnayan kang/king:
 1904 1904 Coin Pictures Archived Abril 10, 2007 at the Wayback Machine
# Somalia

| *Soomaaliya* الصومال Somalía  |
| --- |
|

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |  |
|  |  |

 |
| **Motto:**None |
| **Pambangsang Dalit:**Somalian National Anthem  |
| Location of Somalia   |
| **Tungku (Sentru/Sidduan)** (and largest city)
  | Mogadishu ﻿ / ﻿ |
| Kikilalanan a amanu | Somali, Arabic, Italian (as a language of administration) |
| Gubiernu | Transitional Government |
|  -  | Prime Minister | Ali Mohammed Ghedi |
| Katimawan | ibat United Kingdom, Italy  |
|  -  | Danuman (%) | 1.6% |
| Populasiun |
|  -  | July 2005 mga | 8,228,000 (91st) |
|  -  | 1987 census | 7,114,431  |
| **GDP** (PPP) | 2005 mga |
|  -  | Kaganapan/Kabilugan | $4.809 billion (not ranked) |
|  -  | Balang katau | 600 (not ranked) |
| **HDI** (2003) | NA (NA) (unranked) |
| Pera | Shilling (`SOS`)  |
| Time zone | (UTC+3) |
| Internet TLD | .so |
| Calling code | 252 |

Canadian Military in Somalia, 1992
US Army helicopter shortly before Battle of Mogadishu, 1993
.

|  |
| --- |
| **Bangsa king Africa** |
|
Algeria | Angola | Benin | Botswana | Burkina Faso | Burundi | Cameroon | Cape Verde | Central African Republic | Chad | Comoros | Democratic Republic of the Congo | Republic of the Congo | Côte d'Ivoire | Djibouti | Egypt | Equatorial Guinea | Eritrea | Ethiopia | Gabon | The Gambia | Ghana | Guinea | Guinea-Bissau | Kenya | Lesotho | Liberia | Libya | Madagascar | Malawi | Mali | Mauritania | Mauritius | Morocco | Mozambique | Namibia | Niger | Nigeria | Rwanda | São Tomé and Príncipe | Senegal | Seychelles | Sierra Leone | Somalia (*Somaliland*) | South Africa | Sudan | Swaziland | Tanzania | Togo | Tunisia | Uganda | *Western Sahara/SADR* | Zambia | Zimbabwe |
| **Dependencies** and other territories: **France**: Mayotte · Réunion | **Espanya**: Canary Islands · Plazas de soberanía | **Portugal**: Madeiras | **UK**: Indian Ocean Territory · St. Helena |
# Ethiopia

*"Abyssinia" redirects here. For the breed of cat, see Abyssinian (cat).*

| Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopiaየኢትዮጵያ ፌዴራላዊ ዲሞክራሲያዊ ሪፐብሊክ *ye-Ityopp'ya Federalawi Dimokrasiyawi Ripeblik* |
| --- |
|

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |  |
|  |  |

 |
| **Motto:**none |
| **Pambangsang Dalit:**Wodefit Gesgeshi, Widd Innat Ityopp'ya (March Forward, Dear Mother Ethiopia)  |
| Location of Ethiopia   |
| **Tungku (Sentru/Sidduan)** (and largest city)
  | Addis Ababa ﻿ / ﻿ |
| Kikilalanan a amanu | Amharic |
| Gubiernu | Federal republic1 |
|  -  | President | Girma Wolde-Giorgis |
|  -  | Prime Minister | Meles Zenawi |
| Independence |
|  -  | Liberation Day | N.A.  |
|  -  | Danuman (%) | 0.7% |
| Populasiun |
|  -  | 2006 mga | 75,067,000 (15th2) |
|  -  | 1994 census | 53,477,265  |
| **GDP** (PPP) | 2005 mga |
|  -  | Kaganapan/Kabilugan | $59,930,000,000 (72nd) |
|  -  | Balang katau | $800 (223rd) |
| **HDI** (2003) | 0.367 (low) (170th) |
| Pera | Birr (`ETB`)  |
| Time zone | (UTC+3) |
|  -  | Summer (DST) |  (UTC+4) |
| Internet TLD | .et |
| Calling code | 251 |
| 1Ethiopia is ostensibly a democracy, but has a dominant-party system led by the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF), which has the only real chance of holding power in elections. 2Rank based on 2005 population estimate by the United Nations |

|  |
| --- |
| **Bangsa king Africa** |
|
Algeria | Angola | Benin | Botswana | Burkina Faso | Burundi | Cameroon | Cape Verde | Central African Republic | Chad | Comoros | Democratic Republic of the Congo | Republic of the Congo | Côte d'Ivoire | Djibouti | Egypt | Equatorial Guinea | Eritrea | Ethiopia | Gabon | The Gambia | Ghana | Guinea | Guinea-Bissau | Kenya | Lesotho | Liberia | Libya | Madagascar | Malawi | Mali | Mauritania | Mauritius | Morocco | Mozambique | Namibia | Niger | Nigeria | Rwanda | São Tomé and Príncipe | Senegal | Seychelles | Sierra Leone | Somalia (*Somaliland*) | South Africa | Sudan | Swaziland | Tanzania | Togo | Tunisia | Uganda | *Western Sahara/SADR* | Zambia | Zimbabwe |
| **Dependencies** and other territories: **France**: Mayotte · Réunion | **Espanya**: Canary Islands · Plazas de soberanía | **Portugal**: Madeiras | **UK**: Indian Ocean Territory · St. Helena |
# Yibúti

*Ing articulung iti tungkul ya keng the country. Para the capital of Djibouti, lawen ye ing Djibouti City.*

| Republika ning Yibúti**جمهورية جيبوتي *Ǧumhūriyyah Ǧībūtī République de Djibouti |
| --- |
|

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |  |
|  |  |

 |
| **Motto:**Djibouti by Choice |
| **Pambangsang Dalit:**Flag song  |
| Location of Yibúti   |
| **Tungku (Sentru/Sidduan)** (and largest city)
  | Lakanbalen ning Yibúti ﻿ / ﻿ |
| Kikilalanan a amanu | Arabic, and French |
| Gubiernu | Democracy |
|  -  | Pamuntuk | Ismail Omar Guelleh |
|  -  | Pung Ministru | Dileita Mohamed Dileita |
| Independence | From France  |
|  -  | Date | June 27, 1977  |
|  -  | Danuman (%) | 0.09% (20 km² / 7.7 mi²) |
| Populasiun |
|  -  | July 2005 mga | 793,000 (160th) |
|  -  | 2000 census | 460,700  |
| **GDP** (PPP) | 2002 mga |
|  -  | Kaganapan/Kabilugan | $619 millon (205) |
|  -  | Balang katau | $1,878 (150th) |
| **HDI** (2003) | 0.495 (low) (150th) |
| Pera | Franc (`DJF`)  |
| Time zone | (UTC+3) |
|  -  | Summer (DST) | +3 (UTC) |
| Internet TLD | .dj |
| Calling code | 253 |

|  |
| --- |
| **Bangsa king Africa** |
|
Algeria | Angola | Benin | Botswana | Burkina Faso | Burundi | Cameroon | Cape Verde | Central African Republic | Chad | Comoros | Democratic Republic of the Congo | Republic of the Congo | Côte d'Ivoire | Djibouti | Egypt | Equatorial Guinea | Eritrea | Ethiopia | Gabon | The Gambia | Ghana | Guinea | Guinea-Bissau | Kenya | Lesotho | Liberia | Libya | Madagascar | Malawi | Mali | Mauritania | Mauritius | Morocco | Mozambique | Namibia | Niger | Nigeria | Rwanda | São Tomé and Príncipe | Senegal | Seychelles | Sierra Leone | Somalia (*Somaliland*) | South Africa | Sudan | Swaziland | Tanzania | Togo | Tunisia | Uganda | *Western Sahara/SADR* | Zambia | Zimbabwe |
| **Dependencies** and other territories: **France**: Mayotte · Réunion | **Espanya**: Canary Islands · Plazas de soberanía | **Portugal**: Madeiras | **UK**: Indian Ocean Territory · St. Helena |

Template:CIAfb
# Eritrea

*Ing articulung iti tungkul ya keng the African nation. Para the Greek city, lawen ye ing Eretria.*

| State of Eritrea*Hagärä Ertra*
 ሃገረ ኤርትራ |
| --- |
|

|  |
| --- |
|  |
|  |

 |
| **Motto:**Never Kneel Down |
| **Pambangsang Dalit:**Ertra, Ertra, Ertra  |
| Location of Eritrea   |
| **Tungku (Sentru/Sidduan)** (and largest city)
  | Asmara ﻿ / ﻿ |
| Kikilalanan a amanu |  (working, not official languages)  Tigrinya, Arabic, and English  |
| Gubiernu | Transitional government |
|  -  | President | Isaias Afewerki |
| Independence | From Ethiopia  |
|  -  | Limited | May 29, 1991  |
|  -  | Full | May 24, 1993  |
|  -  | Danuman (%) | Negligible |
| Populasiun |
|  -  | July 2005 mga | 4,401,000 (118th) |
|  -  | 2002 census | 4,298,269  |
| **GDP** (PPP) | 2005 mga |
|  -  | Kaganapan/Kabilugan | $4.471 billion (162nd) |
|  -  | Balang katau | $909 (177th) |
| **HDI** (2003) | 0.444 (low) (161st) |
| Pera | Nakfa (`ERN`)  |
| Time zone | (UTC+3) |
| Internet TLD | .er |
| Calling code | 291 |

|  |
| --- |
| **Bangsa king Africa** |
|
Algeria | Angola | Benin | Botswana | Burkina Faso | Burundi | Cameroon | Cape Verde | Central African Republic | Chad | Comoros | Democratic Republic of the Congo | Republic of the Congo | Côte d'Ivoire | Djibouti | Egypt | Equatorial Guinea | Eritrea | Ethiopia | Gabon | The Gambia | Ghana | Guinea | Guinea-Bissau | Kenya | Lesotho | Liberia | Libya | Madagascar | Malawi | Mali | Mauritania | Mauritius | Morocco | Mozambique | Namibia | Niger | Nigeria | Rwanda | São Tomé and Príncipe | Senegal | Seychelles | Sierra Leone | Somalia (*Somaliland*) | South Africa | Sudan | Swaziland | Tanzania | Togo | Tunisia | Uganda | *Western Sahara/SADR* | Zambia | Zimbabwe |
| **Dependencies** and other territories: **France**: Mayotte · Réunion | **Espanya**: Canary Islands · Plazas de soberanía | **Portugal**: Madeiras | **UK**: Indian Ocean Territory · St. Helena |
# Integrated Taxonomic Information System

*Ing "ITIS" lilipat ya keni. Para keng the Transport Information System, lawen ye ing Integrated Transport Information System.*
Ing logo ning ITISIng **Integrated Taxonomic Information System** (**ITIS**) metung yang pamisosiung mitikdo bang munieng informacion a katiwa-tiwala ampong maki lupa-lupang calidad dikil king taxonomy (pamitinduk-tinduk o pamigrupu) da reng species ning bie. Minuna yang melalang ing ITIS aniang 1996 as antimong grupung manugne kareng miayaliwang sanga ning kapamahalang federal ning Estados Unidos, a maki kayabeng ahensia manibat king Department of Commerce angga king Smithsonian Institution. Ngeni, megi neng internacional a grupu, nung nu la kayabe deng ahensia ibat king Canada ampong Mexico. Makatutuk ya keraklan ing ITIS kareng species ning Pangulung America, dapot mayayakit la king mabilug a yatu deng dakal a grupu, at makiugnayan ya pa murin ing ITIS kareng aliwang ahensiang internacional bang dagul ing kayang ayayabut king mabilug a yatu.

## Kaugneng ahensia

* United States Department of Agriculture
* National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
* United States Geological Survey
* Smithsonian Institution
* United States Environmental Protection Agency
* National Biological Information Infrastructure
* Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada
* NatureServe
* National Park Service
* Comisión Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad (CONABIO)

## Lon la murin

* Catalogue of life
* Encyclopedia of Life
* Wikispecies

## Dalerayan

## Suglung palual

* Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
* Canada Interface: Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS\*CA)
* Mexico Interface: Sistema Integrado de Información Taxonómica (SIIT\*MX) Archived Juniu 13, 2007 at the Wayback Machine
* Brasil Interface: Sistema Integrado de Informação Taxonômica - (SIIT\*Brasil)