# Middelhavsmunkesel

| Middelhavsmunkesel
 |
| --- |
|  |
| Nomenklatur |
| *Monachus monachus* Hermann., 1779 |
| Synonymi |
| *Phoca monachus* |
| Populærnavn |
| Middelhavsmunkesel |
| Klassifikasjon |
| Rike | Dyreriket  |
| Rekke | Ryggstrengdyr  |
| Klasse | Pattedyr  |
| Orden | Rovpattedyr  |
| Familie | Selfamilien  |
| Slekt | *Monachus* |
| Miljøvern
 |
| **IUCNs rødliste:** |
| **ver 3.1** VU - Sårbar
VU —
*Sårbar* |
| Økologi
 |
| Habitat:
 | marint/terrestrisk
 |
| Utbredelse:
 |  |
| Middelhavet og det nære Atlanterhavet |

**Middelhavsmunkesel** (*Monachus monachus*) er en av to nålevende arter i slekten munkeseler (*Monachus*), som hører hjemme i selfamilien (Phocidae). Den hadde tidligere status som *kritisk truet* (CR) på IUCNs rødliste, men blir på grunn av bestandsvekst nå vurdert som *sårbar* (VU). Totalbestanden teller trolig færre enn 600 dyr. Den finnes i Middelhavet og i nære strøk av Atlanterhavet utenfor Gibraltarstredet, sør til Ras Nouadhibou lengst nord i Mauritania.

## Beskrivelse

Middelhavsmunkesel blir omkring 2,4 m lang og veier typisk omkring 300kg (hunner) til 315kg (hanner) i snitt. Hannene har mørk brun til sort pels, mens hunnene er mer grålige i fargen. Undersiden er blek, nærmest hvit hos hannene. Pelsen er svært korthåret. Arten har kort, bred snute og relativt korte luffer med smale klør.

## Atferd

Middelhavsmunkeselen eter fisk (herunder ålefisker), mollusker og blekkspruter med mer. Det daglige inntaket utgjør ca. 3 kg med føde.

## Fylogeni

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| Phocidae |

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|  |

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| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
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|  |  |
| --- | --- |
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ringsel (*Pusa hispida*) |
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bajkalsel (*Pusa sibirica*) |
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kaspisel (*Pusa caspica*) |
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flekksel (*Phoca largha*) |
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steinkobbe (*Phoca vitulina*) |
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havert (*Halichoerus grypus*) |
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harlekinsel (*Histriophoca fasciata*) |
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grønlandssel (*Pagophilus groenlandicus*) |
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klappmyss (*Cystophora cristata*) |
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storkobbe (*Erignathus barbatus*) |
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| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
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weddellsel (*Leptonychotes weddellii*) |
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leopardsel (*Hydrurga leptonyx*) |
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krabbeetersel (*Lobodon carcinophagus*) |
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ross-sel (*Ommatophoca rossii*) |
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sydlig sjøelefant (*Mirounga leonina*) |
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nordlig sjøelefant (*Mirounga angustirostris*) |
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middelhavsmunkesel (*Monachus monachus*) |
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hawaiimunkesel (*Monachus schauinslandi*) |
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Kladogrammet over viser slektskapet mellom de eksisterende artene i selfamilien.

## Referanser

## Eksterne lenker

* (en) *Middelshavsmunkesel* – oversikt og omtale av artene i WORMS-databasen

* (en) *Middelshavsmunkesel* i Global Biodiversity Information Facility

* (en) *Middelshavsmunkesel* hos Fauna Europaea

* (en) *Middelshavsmunkesel* hos Fossilworks

* (en) *Middelshavsmunkesel* hos ITIS

* (en) *Middelshavsmunkesel* hos NCBI

* (en) *Kategori:Monachus monachus* – bilder, video eller lyd på Wikimedia Commons

* (en) *Monachus monachus* – galleri av bilder, video eller lyd på Wikimedia Commons

* *Monachus monachus* – detaljert informasjon på Wikispecies